資源簡介

(共23張PPT)
UNIT 5
LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
Have you watched this drama before
It is the hottest Chinese drama of 2023.
The knockout
Lead in
圖片來源：百度圖片
The drama began screening on China Central Television and streaming platform iQiyi where it has set rating records to a top viewership ranking.
Zhang Songwen’s performance as the crime boss had received rave reviews, which made viewers feel like he was not acting at all.
relative pronoun
(關系代詞）
antecedent
（先行詞）
attributive clause
relative adverb
(關系副詞）
antecedent
（先行詞）
attributive clause
Observe and Analyze
The story happened in the city of Jinghai where the problems of underworld figures and corrupt officials were the most serious.
Find the attributive clause, antecedent and relative adverb in the following sentences.
圖片來源：百度圖片
Try to find if the underlined phrases give essential or extra information.
Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.
But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers.
Confucius is the philosopher whose influence has been the greatest.
Mozi was another teacher who was very influential.
Joe came from a family which was very poor.
1. It was a time when people were divided geographically.
2. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.
Look at these sentences and underline the restrictive relative clauses. What kind of information does each clause communicate
a time for an event
a location for an event
1
This is our school ________ we study and make friends.
Change two simple sentences into a restrictive relative clauses.
2) We study and make friends in this school.
where
1) This is our school.
在復合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫 _________。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫 _______，定語從句一般放在先行詞的_____，引導定語從句的詞叫做 _______。
引導定語從句的關系詞有關系代詞和關系副詞。
關系代詞包括 ：that, which, who, whom, whose, as
關系副詞包括 ：when, where, why
定語從句
先行詞
后面
關系詞
關系副詞 指代 在從句中作 例句
when 1. The time when I arrived was late at night.
where 2. The mines where I worked were 9 km from my home.
why 3.The reason why I got a job was because of my hard work.
time
時間狀語
place
reason
地點狀語
原因狀語
作狀語，即從句成分齊全，不缺主，賓，表，定語。
小結 2
where引導定語從句時，先行詞為表示地點的名詞，關系詞在從句中作地點狀語。
關系副詞 — where
This is the factory where they used to work.
This is the factory.
They used to work ___________.
in the factory
This is the factory where they used to work.
the day when I was born
the reason why
the place where
the place/ time in/at which
I was late
I study
I work
The place where I study ________________.
is very beautiful
The place in which I work ________________.
is a big company
Complete the passage with the correct relative adverbs or pronouns. Add a preposition where necessary.
When I started studying German, it was a struggle. The words felt strange on my tongue, and the grammar would not stay in my head. I told my mum that I wanted to give up, and that I would never live in a country ______ German was spoken. My mum told me that studying a language was not just for my future. lt was exercise for the brain;
where
n.舌頭;語言
vi.&n.斗爭;搏斗
the more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would grow. And I remember that day _______ I suddenly felt like German was no longer a foreign language. It felt like my brain had doubled in size. I had finally come to a place ______ I could think in this foreign language, and I could see the world from a different point of view, I felt as if I had reached the goal _________ I had been fighting for. I could open a book and see meanings, not just a sea of words. I finally understood the reason _______ my mum had encouraged me not to give up. Thanks, Mum!
when
which/that
where
why
觀點;看法
The story happened in the city of Jinghai where the problems of underworld figures and corrupt officials were the most serious.
Find the attributive clause, antecedent and relative adverb in the following sentences.
圖片來源：百度圖片
That was a hard period when An changed from a tough and positive young policeman to a gray-haired and old office worker.
圖片來源：百度圖片
This was a moment.
Gao was sentenced to death
at that moment.
This was a moment _______Gao was sentenced to death.
when
圖片來源：百度圖片
1. much/all后用that不用which，作定語從句的賓語時可以省略。
限制性定語從句的注意事項
2. 關系代詞作動詞的間接賓語時，用to/for。無關系代詞時，也要用to/for。
e.g. There was not much (that) we could do when it was raining.
That is all that works.
e.g. Who is the girl that he gave the flower to
The lady I wrote the poem for was my sister.
There are many reasons why people like traveling.
why=for which
先行詞
關系副詞
作原因狀語
people like traveling for many reasons.
He is the man in whom you can believe.
1. 看定語從句中動詞或形容詞與介詞的搭配。
He gave me some books with which I am not very familiar.
2. 看介詞與先行詞搭配。
This is our classroom in which there is a teacher’s desk.
The farm on which my father works is far from the town.
如何判斷介詞
3. 根據句意而定。
The soldier, without whom I wouldn't have survived the earthquake, retired last week.
“介詞 + 關系代詞”引導定語從句時,
如先行詞是物, 關系代詞只能為 which。
如先行詞是人, 關系代詞只能為 whom。
關系代詞 句法功能 指代功能 例句
whom 賓語 人 The man whom I spoke to just now is called Smith.
whose 定語 人/物 This is the famous doctor whose daughter teaches in our school.
Could you pass me the book whose cover is blue
1. 注意用that引導不用which的情況：
① 當先行詞為all, everything, anything, nothing, much, little, none等不定代詞或先行詞被only, few, little, no, all, every, very等詞修飾時。
②當先行詞同時包括人和物時。
③當先行詞前有序數詞或形容詞的最高級修飾時。
關系代詞 that 指物和人 在從句中作主語或賓語
which 指物 在從句中作主語或賓語
who 指人 在從句中作主語或賓語
whom 在從句中作賓語
whose 指人和物 在從句中作定語
關系副詞 when 指時間 在從句中作時間狀語
where 指地點 在從句中作地點狀語
why 指原因 在從句中作原因狀語
引導定語從句的關系詞
Thanks for
your listening !

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