資源簡介

(共21張PPT)
Unit 4 Natural Disasters
Discovering Useful Structures
To learn the restrictive relative clauses with that, which, who, whose, whom and /.
To learn where a relative pronoun goes in the sentence.
To use the restrictive relative clauses to describe pictures of disasters.
Find and underline the restrictive relative clauses in the sentence below.
The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience that my great-grandma cannot forget.
The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano erupt.
The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.
n.火
山
vi.&vt.火山爆發(fā);熔漿噴出
n.供應(yīng)量;補給品
vt.供應(yīng);供給
Mr Li is an architect whose designs for the new town have
won praise.
A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016
earthquake in Ecuador.
定語從句的分類：
限制性定語從句: 一般緊跟在先行詞后面,不用逗號把從句與先行詞分隔開來。是句子中不可缺少的成分,少了它句子就會失去意義不能成立。
　e.g. My brother who lives in the USA has 6 children.
非限制性定語從句: 通常由逗號與句子其他成分隔開。只是對先行詞作進一步的說明,沒有它句子仍能成立,意思仍很清楚。
e.g. My brother, who lives in the USA, has 6 children.
關(guān)系代詞用法
關(guān)系代詞 　 指代 在從句中
的作用
that
which
who
whom
whose
人／物
主／賓
物
主／賓
人
主／賓
人
賓
人／物
定
1. A plane is a machine that can fly .
2. Here is the boy that damaged the vase .
3. He is the man (that) I told you about.
1.關(guān)系代詞 that
that 指事物，也可指人，在定語從句中作主語或賓語。作賓語時可省略。
This is the house.
Lu Xun once lived in the house.
Yuan Longping is a Chinese agricultural scientist.
He has made great contributions to solving the problem of Chinese people’s eating.
I. Combine the sentences using the Attributive Clause.
This is the house where Lu Xun once lived.
Yuan Longping is a Chinese agricultural scientist who/that has made great contributions to solving the problem of Chinese people’s eating.
I really miss Mrs Li.
She helped me a lot in English.
This is the factory. I visited it last year.
bine the sentences using the Attributive Clause.
I really miss Mrs Li who/that helped me a lot in English.
This is the factory that/which I visited last year.
I. Fill in the blanks with the correct relative pronouns or adverbs.Add a preposition where necessary.
1.Japanese uses three writing systems,including kanji _________ originated(起源)in China.
2. Nineteen fifty-three was the year _______ Xinhua Zidian, or the New Chinese Dictionary, first came out.
3. Bones ________symbols were carved, known as “oracle bones”, have contributed a lot to our understanding of China’s past.
4.There are many reasons________English is so widely used around the world in the felds of science, business, and more.
5. Sign language is of great importance for people________are deaf or have poor hearing.
which/that
when
where
why
who
plete the passage with the correct relative pronouns or adverbs below.
There are two main ways that an interpreter can provide spoken translation. First is the method ___________ requires the speaker to stop every few sentences, so the interpreter can translate those sentences for the audience. The second method is the one ________ the interpreter listens and translates at the same time. This second method is more difficult, but the place ________ the interpreter is located is not so important. The interpreter can be in a completely different location from the speaker, listen through headphones, and translate for an audience sitting in another location!
that when where which who why
that/which
where
where
The structure of restrictive relative clauses
Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.
先行詞
關(guān)系代詞
定語從句
定義: 在復(fù)合句中起定語作用，修飾名詞、代詞、整個主句或主句中的一部分的從句叫作定語從句。
指人 指物 主語 賓語
that
which
who
whom
√
×
×
×
×
關(guān)系代詞在從句中：
關(guān)系代詞何時可以省略？
作賓語時可以省略
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
1) 關(guān)系代詞that與which
定語從句中, 關(guān)系代詞that既可指人也可指物，which一般用于指物。指物時二者一般可以互換。
只用that引導(dǎo)定語從句的情況：
① 當(dāng)先行詞為all, everything, anything, nothing, much, little, none等不定代詞或先行詞被the only, few, little, no, all, every, the very等詞修飾時。
關(guān)系代詞的用法與辨析
在下列情況下只能用which
“介詞+關(guān)系代詞” 結(jié)構(gòu)
This is the house in which premier Zhou once lived.
(2) 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句
(3) 先性詞本身是that,或句子中已經(jīng)有了that時
e.g. What I want to do is that which will help us all.
介詞+關(guān)系詞
一、先行詞是物時，介詞后用關(guān)系詞which，先行詞是人時，介詞后用關(guān)系詞whom.
三、介詞后面的關(guān)系詞不能省略。
She is the teacher to ( ) I am grateful.
This is the library from ( ) he borrowed the book.
whom
which
1
The eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79CE took the people of Pompeii by surprise. They had always known that the mountain was a volcano but it had been quiet for so long that nobody saw it as a threat. When the volcano finally did erupt, it was so quick and so severe that the town was soon covered in lava and ash. A writer ________ was there during the eruption described how lava was thrown into the air like a fountain.
【語境應(yīng)用】用that, which, who, whose, whom, /完成句子。
who/that
After it fell to earth, it turned into wave of lava __________ travelled down the mountain faster than people could run away. It was an absolute disaster for those _________ could not escape in time. Many of the wooden houses and bungalows (平房) in Pompeii were burned to the ground, but the stone houses remained under the ash until they were rediscovered during the 20th century.
who/that
that/which
定語從句 VS.同位語從句
定語從句與前面的名詞是修飾與被修飾的關(guān)系“…的”。
同位語從句是用來說明前面名詞的內(nèi)容。
與that從句同位的名詞必須是一些表事實或概念的抽象名詞，
如fact, news, belief, truth, reply等。
that在定語從句中作成分，可用which 或who/whom代替；
而that在同位語從句中不充當(dāng)任何句子成分，只起連接作用。
① We all have heard the news that our team won.
(同位語從句，that從句表示news的內(nèi)容，that 在從句中不作任何成分)
② We don’t believe the news that/which he told
us yesterday.
(定語從句，that 作told 的賓語)
THANKS

展開更多......

收起↑