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(共19張PPT)
——Restrictive Relative Clause
Unit 4
Natural disasters
Discovering useful structures
關系詞（關系代詞和關系副詞）
關系詞 先行詞 關系詞在從句中所充當的成分
who 人 主語/賓語
whom 人 賓語
that 人/物 主語/賓語
which 物 主語/賓語
when 時間 時間狀語
where 地點 地點狀語
why reason 原因狀語
定語從句——“4步法”確定關系詞
第一步：確定是定語從句。
第二步：分清限制定語從句與非限制定語從句（在先行詞的后面出現逗號的，是非限制性定語從句）。
1.that不能引導非限制性定語從句。
2.which引導非限制性定語從句可代表主句的全部或部分內容，which意為“這一點”。
3.as引導非限制性定語從句，可置于句中或句首，意為“正如”。
I.Fill in the blanks with that, which, who, whose, or whom.
1. A disaster is a very bad accident or a sudden event __________ usually causes great damage and can ruin many people's lives.
2. The woman wanted to find and thank the hrefighter _________ rescued her from the fire.
3. A typhoon is an extremely strong wind ________ often happens in the Western Pacific Ocean.
4. The children ______ parents could not be found were looked after by neighbours and friends.
5. A tsunami is a very large wave _________ is ofien caused by an earthquake under the sea.
6. People to_______ much is given are people of ______ much will be expected.
that/which
that/who
that/which
whose
that/which
whom
whom
The person who lost the library book must pay for it.
The actor (who/whom) you wanted to see didn’t come.
He is the doctor to whom your mother spoke.
who / whom的基本用法
探究總結
（1）who用于指______，可作_______和_______，作賓語時可以省略。
（2）whom只作_______，跟在介詞后時，不能省略。
人
主語
賓語
賓語
This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world.
He bought a house last week whose windows are made of wood.
whose的基本用法
探究總結
whose可指人，也可指物，在定語從句中作________。
定語
This is the house.
Lu Xun once lived in the house.
Yuan Longping is a Chinese agricultural scientist.
He has made great contributions to solving the problem of Chinese people’s eating.
bine the sentences using the Attributive Clause.
This is the house where Lu Xun once lived.
Yuan Longping is a Chinese agricultural scientist who/that has made great contributions to solving the problem of Chinese people’s eating.
whose
whose
指人
指物
that
who/that
whom
which
The king married a new queen who/that was unkind to her
The queen had a mirror that was on the wall in her room.
The queen wanted to kill the princess whom she was jealous of.
It was a magic mirror which could tell the queen whether she was the fairest of all.
Snow White is a princess whose stepmother is unkind to her.
Snow White found a small cottage whose owner were seven dwarfs
The beautiful woman who /whom the king remarried was unkind.
The queen was a woman who couldn’t bear anyone to be more beautiful than her.
She had a mirror that /which was on the wall in her room.
The magic mirror which the queen had could tell the queen whether she was the fairest of all.
The queen wanted to kill the princess whom /that she was jealous of.
Snow White found a small cottage whose owner were seven dwarfs.
Group work
Find out the relative clauses and identify the major elements（成分） of these clauses.
定語
賓語
主語
主語
賓語
賓語
Apply the rules
Complete each sentence with relative pronouns and guess what characters they are .
1.She was a girl lives in a small cottage.
3.She was a girl skin is as white as snow.
2.She was a girl her stepmother is unkind to.
who/that
whom/that/who
whose
關系詞 先行詞
在從句中的成分
關系代詞 who 人 主語或賓語
whom 人 賓語
which 物 主語或賓語
that 人或物 主語或賓語
關系副詞 when 時間 狀語
where 地點 狀語
why 原因 狀語
關系限定詞 whose 人或物 定語
The story happened on a day _______the weather was wet and cold.
The story happened on a day _______was wet and cold.
when
which/that
來認識一下關系詞的本質吧
決定關系詞的不是先行詞，而是關系詞在定語從句中充當的成分。
搞定定語從句關系詞兩步走
看從句中是否缺主語、賓語
看先行詞詞義選關系詞
定語從句缺主語或賓語嗎？
選關系代詞
具體選誰，看先行詞
人稱名詞用
選關系副詞
具體選誰，看先行詞
who that whom
非人稱名詞用
限定名詞用
which that
whose
時間名詞用
when
原因名詞用
地點名詞用
why
where
缺
不缺
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
(2) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow
whose與后面的名詞為所屬關系。
關系詞 先行詞 在從句中的成分
關系限定詞 whose 人或物 定語
1. The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible
experience that my great-grandma can not forget.
2. The couple who live next to us volunteered to
help after the volcano erupted.
3. The supplies which were provided to the disaster
area were collected from around the country.
4. Mr Li is an architect whose designs for the new
town have won praise.
5. A doctor with whom James used to work died in
the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador.
(充當 )
(充當 )
(充當 )
(充當 )
(充當 )
賓語
主語
主語
定語
賓語
關系詞 先行詞 在從句中的成分 關系詞
關系代詞 who 人 主語或賓語
whom 人 賓語
which 物 主語或賓語
that 人或物 主語或賓語
關系限定詞 whose 人或物 定語
Complete each sentence with that, which, who, whose, whom or /.
1. Here are some of the people _________ homes were destroyed by the typhoon.
2. The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people _________ were asleep.
3. The next day, people put up shelters in the open air using anything _________ they could find.
whose
who/that
which/that; /
n.臺風
露天;在戶外
Nothing is impossible for a willing mind.
世上無難事，只怕有心人。
Everything comes to him who waits.
功夫不負有心人。
定語從句
關系
代詞
關系
副詞
主語/賓語
定語
（’s）
指代人
指代物
指代人或物
指代人或物的
who
which
whom
whose
that
主語/賓語
賓語
主語/賓語
指代人
To be continued…
在復合句中，修飾名詞或代詞的從句。
結構：先行詞+關系詞+定語從句。
Summary

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