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(共20張PPT)
U 5 Discovering Useful structure
Restrictive relative clause
Discribe your favourite things
Unit 5
在主從復合句中，對某一名詞或代詞起修飾作用的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，引導定語從句的連接詞叫關系詞。定語從句一般位于先行詞后
1.引導定語從句
2.代替先行詞
3.在從句中擔當一個成分
The students who are having class are from class 49.
定語從句的關系詞分為兩種：
關系代詞：that，which，who，whom，whose
關系副詞：when , where , why
關系代詞which引導的定語從句
1.Rome is a city which attracts lots of tourists.
2. This is the book (which )you wanted.
關系代詞which指 ____，在定語從句中作_______或________, 做______時可省略。
物
賓語
賓語
主語
關系代詞whose引導的定語從句
The girl whose work got the prize is the 　　　youngest in her class.
2. It’s the house whose door is painted red.
關系代詞whose既可以指 ____也可以指物，在定語從句中做_______。
人
定語
She is a skier.
She is a talented skier.
She is a talented skier who chose to fight for China.
Adjective
形容詞
attributive/relative clause
定語從句
Attributes定語
to make the noun or noun phrase more informative
她是一個選擇為中國而戰的有天賦的滑雪者。
step2: observe and analyze
RelativePronouns關系代詞refers to（指代的先行詞)roles that play as(充當成分）Person人Thing物Subject主Object賓Attribute表thatwhichwhowhomwhoseThe foreighnerwho/thatvisited the schoolcomes from Canada.This isthe housewhich/thathas just been painted.I don't likethe girlwhom/thatyou are talking about.He isaprofessorwhosenameisJack.The housewhosewindow is brokenis mine.√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√step3: observe and conclude1. The students are from Class 9.
2. The students are walking.
正在走步的學生來自9班。
代替the students，作主語
The students ____________ are walking are from Class 9.
who/that
step5: practice
Eg: The accident has reached to the point both their parents are to be called in.
關系副詞 — where特殊用法
關系副詞
where 還可用在表示抽象意義的地點名詞后, 如 situation (情形), stage (階段), point (地步), case (情況), position (位置), condition, activity, scene, occasion等,意思是“到了某種地步, 在某種境況或情況中” 。
where
判斷先行詞在從句中的成分，用正確的關系詞填空。
The reason _______________ he gave us was quite reasonable.
This is the reason _______________ he went.
This is the place ____________ we visited last year.
This is the place ____________ he works.
That was the time ____________ he arrived.
Do you still remember the time ____________ we spent together
which/that
where
when
that/which
why/for which
that/which

關系副詞
定語從句三步解體法：
一、劃出定語從句；
二、判斷關系詞在從句中做的成分———主賓表：關系代詞；狀：關系副詞
三、根據先行詞確定關系詞
定
語
從
句
的
引
導
詞
關系代詞
關系副詞
指人
指物
that(主語/賓語/表語), which(主語/賓語),who(主語/賓語), whom(賓語), whose(定語)，as(主語/賓語/表語)
that(主語、賓語), which(主語、賓語), whose(定語)
where (地點狀語)
when (時間狀語)
why (原因狀語)
Ps:關系詞在從句中做狀語時，連接詞有時可以用介詞+which/whom來替換關系副詞
Describe a day/time/place/reason
Fill in the table to complete each phrase with a restrictive relative clause. Then use the phrase to make complete sentences.
the day
when
the place
where
the reason
why
the reason
in/at which
Look at these sentences and underline the restrictive attributive clauses.
It was a time when people were divided geographically.
2. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.
3. There are many reasons why people learn a foreign language.
表示時間、地點及原因的名詞作先行詞時，先行詞在定語從句中作狀語時，應用關系副詞；若先行詞在定語從句中作主語或賓語時，則應用關系代詞。
當先行詞為表示 的名詞(如：day, time, week, month, year等)，且關系詞在從句中作 ，定語從句用when引導。
1. I still remember the time when I was in college.
2. We will never forget the day when we flew at an altitude of 6000 meters in the sky.
一. when引導的定語從句
時間
時間狀語
How to choose relative adverbs
先行詞是position, situation, point, case, condition等時在定語從句中作狀語用關系副詞where連接.
They are in such a situation where everything is in disorder.
The police are looking into the case where two VIPs were killed.
Can you make a sentence where this verb can be used
They were at the point where/at which they had to decide what to de next.
1
This is the canteen at ______ we have lunch.
where
表地點
step1: practice and observe
which
介詞提前
不能用that
This is a canteen.
We have lunch at the canteen.
adverbial 狀語
That's the reason.
He fell asleep during the class for the reason.
2
That’s the reason for ______ he fell asleep during the class.
why
表原因
which
adverbial 狀語
I will turn my tears into a lake.
You can camp by the lake when tired.
I will turn my tears into a lake where you can camp when tired.
(where)
(when)
(why)
《絲路》
1.我將眼淚流成天山上面的湖, 讓你疲倦時能夠扎營停駐。
step3: practice
The patient whom she is looking after is her father.
并非所有介詞都可以放到關系代詞前
有些“動詞+介詞”被視為一個固定的詞組, 不可分割, 這時不能把介詞置于關系代詞前, 如：look for, look after, pay attention to, take care of , look forward to, go through等。
The patient after whom she is looking is her father.
×
特別提示：
介詞+關系代詞
練一練
Complete the passage with the correct relative adverbs or pronouns. Add a preposition where necessary. （P64）
When I started studying German, it was a struggle. The words felt strange on my tongue, and the grammar would not stay in my head. I told my mum that I wanted to give up, and that I would never live in a country _______________ German was spoken. My mum told me that studying a language was not just for my future. It was exercise for the brain; the more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would grow. And I remember that day _______________ I suddenly felt like German was no longer a foreign language. It felt like my brain had doubled in size. I had finally come to a place _______________ I could think in this foreign language, and I could see the world from a different point of view. I felt as if I had reached the goal ___________ I had been fighting for. I could open a book and see meanings, not just a sea of words. I finally understood the reason _______________ my mum had encouraged me not to give up. Thanks, Mum!
where/in which
when/on which
where
which/that
why
Thank you !

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