資源簡介

(共22張PPT)
微專題2　規避七選五3大陷阱
七選五選項的設置兼顧語篇、段落和句際三個方面,選項可分為主旨句(文章整體內容)、過渡句(文章結構)和細節句(上下文邏輯)三類。 干擾項往往也從這三個方面設置,如主旨句過于寬泛、以偏概全或偏離主題,過渡句不能反映文章的行文結構,細節句與上下文脫節等,這就對考生提出了更高的要求。
七選五是許多考生心中的一道“坎”,為什么這么說呢 因為該題型出現錯誤時常是“連環奪命殺”,不錯則已,一錯到底!
陷阱1 不能只看同詞復現,要結合前后句邏輯
七選五上下文語境中往往出現原詞復現、同義詞、近義詞表達,這是考生解題的一個重要線索,但是也不能“一葉障目,不見泰山”。考生往往看到詞匯復現就選答案,而忽視了設空處也有可能是考查句子間的邏輯。因此,只有真正理解文章的主旨大意,弄清楚前后句子的確切含義,然后才能根據意義的連貫性從七個選項中選出正確答案。最后要將所選的選項代入原文,看短文語言是否通順,邏輯是否合理,從而驗證答案。
[典例](2021新高考Ⅰ卷)
38.The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.French strawberries do not taste like cardboard.Instead,they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
　39　On our first morning in Paris,I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries.I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon.My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten.But they cost $18!
A.Not all the customers are tourists.
B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live,in some way,like real Parisians.
G.The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
分析 上一段講述巴黎的食物非常美味,人們吃一點就很滿足。設空處后講作者和丈夫發現巴黎的食物很貴,暗含上一段所述情況不是法國人吃得少的唯一原因。考生往往看到原詞“the food”出現而誤選D項或G項。
[自主解答]　 　
E
陷阱2 不能只看設空位置,要跳出段落看邏輯
句子在段落中的位置不同,所起的作用也不同。命題人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三種設空方式,正是利用設空位置的暗示作用和設空上下文的提示作用來考查考生的邏輯思維能力。但是考生不能只看設空位置,一定要跳出段落看邏輯關系,才能游刃有余地解題。
位置1　設空在段首
點撥:考生在解答段首句題目時,不要僅局限于主旨句、總結句和過渡句,而是應利用上一段尾句和空后第一、二句確定相關信息詞,從而確定正確答案。
[典例](2021全國乙卷)
　36　,if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time.So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous,trying different foods and talking to strangers.
A.How do you know the host
B.The first step is to go exploring
C.If you ask the question “How did you get here ”
D.Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E.Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F.What about that person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G.He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
分析 根據空后的“if you’re out of...for the first time”可知,設空處內容應與走出舒適區或者第一次去別人的家里的做法有關,再結合下文的“just to show up...talking to strangers”可知,要現身(宴會),并敢于冒險,去嘗試不同的食物以及和陌生人交談。在做此題時,除了要關注設空位置,還要結合設空處后面的句子才能最終確定答案。
[自主解答]　 　
B
位置2　設空在段中
點撥:考生在解答段中句題目時,不要僅局限于過渡句,它還有可能是細節句,所以要注意前后句的邏輯關系,從而確定正確答案。
[典例](2021全國乙卷)
And what about that other dinner-party killer:awkward silence If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party,the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment(贊揚).　40　.Just quickly turn around and say,“This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
D.Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
G.He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
分析 本題設空類型屬于段中細節句。空前一句中的關鍵詞語“an awkward silence”和“the host”分別與G項中的“that awkwardness”和“He or she is the person”呼應。D項雖然也有關鍵詞復現,但是不符合前后句語境和文章大意(文章介紹了一些讓自己在宴會上變得有趣的方法)。
[自主解答]　 　
G
位置3　設空在段尾
點撥:考生在解答段尾句題目時,不要僅局限于總結句,它還有可能是過渡句或者細節句,所以要注意前后句的邏輯關系,從而確定正確答案。
[典例](2021浙江1月卷)
You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water.You get what you need,head to the front,and choose the line that looks fastest.
You chose wrong.People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot.　31　
It turns out,it’s just math working against you;chances are,the other line really is faster.
A.Why does this always seem to happen to you
E.How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line
分析 本題設空類型屬于段尾過渡句。上文提到你明明選了看上去最快的隊伍,但是那些站在其他隊伍中遠遠在你之后的人都先結賬離開了,下文分析這種現象是概率問題。由此可推斷,此空應是提出問題“為什么這種事好像總是發生在你身上 ”承接上文,并引出下文,闡明文章主題。
[自主解答]　 　
A
陷阱3 不能只看上下句,要結合段落扣主題
七選五語篇組織得很嚴謹,段落與段落之間邏輯分明,往往每一段都只講整個文章的一方面,或只交代整個過程的一部分或一個環節,每一段作用不同,每一段中不同部分也各有其功能和作用。因此,考生答題時,不能只看上下句,要結合段落扣主題;一定要準確地理解文章脈絡,把握語篇整體內容和基本結構,厘清上下文的邏輯和語義銜接關系,使補全的短文邏輯通順、前后連貫、結構完整。
[典例](2022全國乙卷)
Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health.Here are five ways to sustain(保持) long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (聯系) and share with one another.With busy schedules,squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.　36　.
A.Remember important dates
B.Compensate by writing letters
C.It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D.Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E.Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F.It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G.You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
分析 空前提到雙方忙碌,可能會難以找到時間打電話。根據該段小標題“Set a regular date”可知,此段主要建議朋友間設定一個固定時間來聯系,所選選項應緊扣這個段落主題。做題時,若只關注設空處上下句,很容易錯選,還要緊扣段落主題確定最終答案。
[自主解答]　 　
D

展開更多......

收起↑