資源簡(jiǎn)介

(共57張PPT)
Using language
Unit 3 Family matters
BY MICHELLE
What is tense
A tense is a form of a verb which shows the time at which an action happens.
It comes from the Latin word "tempus", which means "time"， used to talk about the past, present, and future in their languages.
How can we learn tense well
Form
Function
動(dòng)詞
謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
分類(lèi)
實(shí)義動(dòng)詞
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
助動(dòng)詞
系動(dòng)詞
時(shí)態(tài)
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) do/does
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) be(is,am,are) doing
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) have/has done
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) have/has been doing
一般過(guò)去時(shí) did
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) be(was,were) doing
過(guò)去完成時(shí) had done
過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí) had been doing
一般將來(lái)時(shí) will/shall do, be to do, be going/about to do
將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) will be doing
將來(lái)完成時(shí) will have done
將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí) will have been doing
過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) would do
過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) would be doing
過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí) would have done
過(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí) would have been doing
語(yǔ)態(tài)
主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
Verb classification
Song (You Are My Sunshine)
You my sunshine my only sunshine
You me happy when skies gray
You’ll never know dear how much I you
Please don’t my sunshine away
are
make
are
love
take
...
Q:你知道空格里的動(dòng)詞體現(xiàn)的是什么時(shí)態(tài)嗎？
身份大揭秘時(shí)態(tài)家族之現(xiàn)代家族
姓名：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（The Simple Present Tense）
外貌：Do/Does
魔法：（具體用法）
小跟班：every day, always, usually, often, sometimes, on Sundays, three times a day...
Past
Present
Future
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（The Simple Present Tense）
用法1：
表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的、習(xí)慣性的、反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與表示習(xí)慣的副詞（詞組）always, usually, often, sometimes, occasionally, seldom, never, every time/day/night, now and then連用。
He goes to school every day.(經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作)
He is very happy.(現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài))
用法2：
表示客觀事實(shí)、真理、格言或者警句等。
The earth moves around the sun.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
Failure is the mother of success.
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（The Simple Present Tense）
用法3：
表示按照時(shí)間表、計(jì)劃安排好的或者規(guī)定的行為，只限于come,go, arrive,leave, start, begin, stop, close, stay,return等表示動(dòng)作趨向性或移動(dòng)意義的詞。
The train starts at nine in the morning.
The shop closes at 11:00 p.m. every day.
用法4：
如果主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，那么在時(shí)間、條件或讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。（主將從現(xiàn)）
If you want to learn English well, I will help you.
When he comes, I will tell him.
I am going to memorise English words though I have many things to deal with.
動(dòng)詞第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的構(gòu)成
一般情況直接加---s work---works
get---gets
say---says
read---reads
結(jié)尾為-s, -x, -sh, -ch 或 -o, 在詞尾加 -es discuss---discusses
wash---washes
teach---teaches
go---goes
結(jié)尾為“輔音字母 + y ”, 變 y 為 i 再加 -es study---studies
try---tries
carry---carries
cry---cries
Song(Yesterday once more)
When I young I'd listen to the radio,
Waiting for my favorite songs,
When they I'd sing along,
It me smile,
Those such happy times and not so long ago,
how I where they'd gone
was
played
made
were
wondered
...
Q:你知道空格里的動(dòng)詞體現(xiàn)的是什么時(shí)態(tài)嗎？
身份大揭秘時(shí)態(tài)家族之過(guò)去家族
姓名：一般過(guò)去時(shí) (The Simple Past Tense)
外貌：did
魔法：具體用法
小跟班：yesterday, just now, last …, in 1945, at that time, once, a few days ago, when
Past
Present
Future
用法1：
表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)；表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。常與 ago,yesterday, the other day（前幾天），the day before yesterday（前天），in 2018, last year / month / week...連用。
I met him yesterday.
We started school two months ago.
一般過(guò)去時(shí) (The Simple Past Tense)
用法2：
表達(dá)“原以為/本來(lái)認(rèn)為/原希望”等意義時(shí)，know, think, expect，want 等動(dòng)詞常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
I didn’t know you played the piano.
I thought I would see you here.
動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成
一般情況在動(dòng)詞后加---ed work---worked
play---playedd
want---wanted
以不發(fā)音的 ---e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后加---d hope---hoped
like---liked
以“輔音字母 + y” 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變 y 為 i 再加---ed study---studied
try---tried
以重讀閉音節(jié)或 /r/ 音節(jié)結(jié)尾，詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，雙寫(xiě)詞尾的輔音字母再加---ed stop---stopped
prefer---preferred
refer---referred
admit---admitted
permit---permitted
Song(Monsters)
I see your monsters, I see your pain
Tell me your problems, I them away
I your lighthouse, I it okay
When I see your monsters
I there so brave, and chase them all away
will chase
will be
will make
will stand
...
Q:你知道空格里的動(dòng)詞體現(xiàn)的是什么時(shí)態(tài)嗎？
身份大揭秘時(shí)態(tài)家族之將來(lái)家族
姓名：一般將來(lái)時(shí) (The Simple Future Tense)
外貌：will/shall +do; be going to+ do;
be to + do; be about to + do
魔法： 具體用法
小跟班：tomorrow, in three days, this…, next…, soon...
Past
Present
Future
一般將來(lái)時(shí) (The Simple Future Tense)
用法1：
“will / shall + 動(dòng)詞原形” 表示帶意愿色彩或客觀上要發(fā)生的事；也可表示說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)臨時(shí)做出的決定。常與 later (on)“后來(lái)”，soon, in + 一段時(shí)間，next time/month/year, from now on(從現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始)，tomorrow等連用。
I will do my best if you give me a chance.
I will study English from now on.
用法2：
“be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形”表示按計(jì)劃、打算要做某事；或根據(jù)某種跡象預(yù)示著要發(fā)生某事。
It is going to rain soon.
We are going to have a meeting soon.
一般將來(lái)時(shí) (The Simple Future Tense)
用法3：
“be about to + 動(dòng)詞原形 ” 表示剛要做某事、馬上要做某事、正要做某事，動(dòng)作即將發(fā)生；不和表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。（常見(jiàn)用法：be about to do...when... “正要做...這時(shí)...”）
We are about to discuss this problem.
I was about to sleep in English class when my headteacher came in.
用法4：
“be to + 動(dòng)詞原形” 表示按計(jì)劃、安排或者按職責(zé)、義務(wù)和要求必須去做的事或即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
The president is to visit other countries.
You are to hand in English homework by 10 o’clock.
一般將來(lái)時(shí) (The Simple Future Tense)
特殊用法：
1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)
（1）按照計(jì)劃或時(shí)刻表要發(fā)生的事情。
The new library opens next month. 新圖書(shū)館下月開(kāi)放。
The plane takes off at 3:00 P.m. 飛機(jī)于下午三點(diǎn)起飛。
（2）在條件狀語(yǔ)從句和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。
If you leave tomorrow , I’ll see you at the airport. 如果你明天走，我到機(jī)場(chǎng)送你。
When she comes, I’ll tell her about it. 她來(lái)時(shí)我將把這件事告訴她。
2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)，往往是指計(jì)劃好或準(zhǔn)備要做的事。一些表示動(dòng)作轉(zhuǎn)換的終止性動(dòng)詞，如go, come, leave, start, begin，stay，take off，arrive等，或者也稱(chēng)為位移性動(dòng)詞，其進(jìn)行時(shí)表示馬上要做某事。
I am taking you to the zoo this Sunday. 這個(gè)周日我將帶你們?nèi)?dòng)物園。
We are leaving school in three years.我們?nèi)旰缶鸵厴I(yè)了。
Song(Lemon Tree)
I here in a boring room
It's just another rainy Sunday afternoon
I my time, I got nothing to do
I around, I for you
But nothing ever happens and I wonder,
I around in my car
I too fast, I too far
I'd like to change my point of view,
I feel so lonely, I for you
am sitting
am wasting
am hanging
am waiting
am driving
am driving
am driving
am waiting
...
Q:你知道空格里的動(dòng)詞體現(xiàn)的是什么時(shí)態(tài)嗎？
身份大揭秘時(shí)態(tài)家族之進(jìn)行家族
姓名：進(jìn)行時(shí)（The Continuous Tense）
外貌：be + doing
魔法：具體用法
小跟班：now,at that time/moment, at this time yesterday...
Past
Present
Future
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) (The Present Continuous Tense)
用法1：
由“be(is/am/are) + 動(dòng)詞---ing（現(xiàn)在分詞）”構(gòu)成。表示說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)正在進(jìn)行或者表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
Look！Someone is sleeping.
We are studying grammer these days.
用法2：
“系動(dòng)詞 + 介詞/副詞”也可以表示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行的意義。動(dòng)詞go, come, leave, arrive, start, begin, end 等表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作也可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。
Our school is under construction.
We are leaving for Shanghai.
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) (The Past Continuous Tense)
用法：
由“be(was/were) + 動(dòng)詞---ing（現(xiàn)在分詞）”構(gòu)成。表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：at that time/moment, at this time yesterday, at ten o’clock yesterday...連用。（常見(jiàn)用法：be doing...when... “正在...這時(shí)...”）
We were having military training last month.
He was reading a novel when I called him.
進(jìn)行時(shí) (The Continuous Tense)
下列動(dòng)詞不宜用于進(jìn)行時(shí)：
（1）感覺(jué)類(lèi)：look, smell, feel, sound, taste, see, hear...
（2）感情類(lèi)：like, love, prefer, admire, hate, fear...
（3）所屬類(lèi)：have, contain, own, hold, belong to...
現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成
一般情況在詞尾直接加---ing work---working
study---studying
以不發(fā)音的 e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去 e 再加 ---ing write---writing
take---taking
face---facing
“輔音 + 元音 + 輔音”結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫(xiě)詞尾輔音字母，再加---ing cut---cutting
begin---beginning
run---running
put---putting
plan---planning
以---ie 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變 ---ie 為 y 再加---ing lie---lying
die---dying
Song(Seasons in the Sun)
Goodbye to you my trusted friend
each other
Since we were nine or ten
Together hills and trees
Learned of love and ABC s
Skinned our hearts and skinned our knees
Goodbye my friend it s hard to die
When all the birds are singing in the sky
Now that spring is in the air
We’ve known
we’ve climbed
...
Q:你知道空格里的動(dòng)詞體現(xiàn)的是什么時(shí)態(tài)嗎？
身份大揭秘時(shí)態(tài)家族之完成家族
姓名：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（The Present Perfect Tense）
外貌：have/has done
魔法：（具體用法）
小跟班：already, lately, never, just, before, recently,ever...
Past
Present
Future
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（The Present Perfect Tense）
用法1：
“have / has + done” 。表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去某個(gè)不確定的時(shí)間，到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成，卻給現(xiàn)在留下某種影響或結(jié)果，即表示因果關(guān)系，動(dòng)作的完成是因，現(xiàn)在的情況是果。常與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：already,just, yet, never, before, lately, recently, ever, never, often 等連用。
We have memorised 200 English words recently.
I have already mastered this tense.
用法2：
表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始而延續(xù)至今（可能還要延續(xù)下去）的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與 since + 過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)，for + 時(shí)間段，so far, up to now, till now, in the last/past few years, in recent years, these few days等連用。
We have learnt English for 10 years.
He has lived here since 1995.
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（The Present Perfect Tense）
牢記固定句型：
（1）It is / has been + 時(shí)間段 + since...
“自從...以來(lái)已經(jīng)...”
（2）This / It / That is the first / second / third...time (that)...
“這是/那是（某人）第幾次做某事”
It is / has been 1 year since I graduated from the senior high.
This is the first time (that) I have failed.
易混淆時(shí)態(tài)區(qū)分
一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)
用法 已結(jié)束 不強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程和結(jié)果。 單純描述事件。 已結(jié)束
強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果或影響。
不只是描述事件。
結(jié)構(gòu) was/were/did have/has+done
Summary
Spin the wheel.
You have 10 seconds to make a sentence with the words given using the pointed tense.
TIME’S UP
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Tom finished his homework.
Tom
finish
homework
CHECK
6/15
TIME’S UP
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Mary has finished her homework.
Mary
finish
homework
CHECK
2/15
TIME’S UP
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Will Mary finish her homework
Mary
finish
homework
CHECK
8/15
TIME’S UP
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
We were playing basketball.
we
play
basketball
CHECK
7/15
Look at the sentences from the reading passage. Decide which tense each is in and match the tenses to what they describe.
Activity 1
a Grandfather and Father,
seated at the table, are
playing chess.
b Lawyers help people
and are respected by
others.
c …you said that you
wanted to be a
professional football
player.
d … you have found the
career that suits your
talents.
e …you will have two
options for your future.
1 Something that started
in the past and is
affecting the present.
2 Something that is
currently taking place.
3 Something that is
certain to take place in
the future.
4 Something that was
completed in the past
5 Something that happens
regularly in the present.
Activity 1
Now match the sentences to the correct timelines .
a Grandfather and Father,
seated at the table, are
playing chess.
b Lawyers help people
and are respected by
others.
c …you said that you
wanted to be a
professional football
player.
d … you have found the
career that suits your
talents.
e …you will have two
options for your future.
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
一般過(guò)去時(shí)
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
一般將來(lái)時(shí)
Complete the dialogue with the correct form of the words and expressions in brackets.
Activity 2
has
called
will throw
will give
are going to throw
am going to give
likes
am thinking of
will love
have
finished
Look at the checklist for Grandma’s birthday party and talk about the preparations.
They have decided to throw a party to celebrate Grandma’s birthday...
Activity 3
Present your paragraph to the class.
They have decided to throw a party to celebrate Grandma’s birthday...
Sample
Possible version:
They have decided to throw a party to celebrate Grandma’s birthday. They have all chosen presents for Grandma. Dad drew up the guest list on Wednesday, and he is now making the invitations. Mum will prepare food and drinks for the party on Sunday morning.
Activity 4
What did Penny’s dad look like ten years ago
He was quite thin and pale. He had red, bushy hair and a square jaw.
2. What does Penny’s mum look like now and why
She looks almost the same as she did ten years ago, with smooth skin and straight black hair, because jogging has kept her slim and fit.
3. How does Penny look different now compared to ten years ago
Her hair has got a lot longer and she wears it in a ponytail. She also has freckles on her cheeks now.
Physical appearances
Activity 5
Face Hair Skin Height and build
square jaw
red beard
rosy cheeks
freckles
red
bushy
grey
straight
black
ponytail
long
pale
tanned
smooth
light
thin
well-built
slim
fit
Underline the words and expressions used to describe appearances in Activity 4 and put them into the table. And any more you can think of.
Activity 6
Work in pairs and describe how your family members’ physical appearances have changed.
My mother was / had... Now she is / has got...
Saying sorry to family members
How are you getting along with your family
harmonious
Not harmonious
b, d, f
Activity 7 Listen to the conversation and choose the feelings that the speakers express.
Activity 8
1 school play
2 off sick
3 tired and pale
4 relax
5 countryside
6 picnic
7 catch up
Now talk about how Alice’s mother makes an apology.
Listen again and complete Alice’s joural entry.
聽(tīng)力原文：
Alice: (sadly)Mum, it's me...
Mum: Alice What's wrong You sound upset.
Alice: ( sadly)I knew it.
Mum: Oh, no! I forgot, didn't I Your concert was today, and I missed it
Alice: It wasn't a concert. It was the school play. And yes, you missed it.
Mum: Alice, I'm so sorry! I was really busy with work. Someone was off sick, so I had to do his work, too.
Alice: Couldn't you have asked someone else to do it I know work is very important to you, it's just.. Everyone said I was really good in the play. I wanted you to see it, too
Mum: I'm sorry I didn't make it, dear. You worked so hard on your part, and I'm so proud of you. I should have been there. I promise I'll never do it again! Can you forgive me
Alice: It's all right. I understand you're very busy. But you've worked so much recently. You need some time off to relax. I don't like seeing you so tired and pale.
Mum: I know, dear. Perhaps next week I could take a day off, and we could go to the countryside.
Alice: (happily) That sounds wonderful! We can go camping and have a picnic in the hills.
Mum: And we can really talk and catch up!
Alice: I'd love that!
Mum: OK. I'll talk to my manager about it. Bye for now!
Alice: Bye, Mum! Love you!
Activity 9
Work in pairs. Act out the conversation to apologise to a family member.
Activity 10 Work in pairs. Think about another situation in which you need to make an apology and have a similar conversation.
Learning to learn
Placing stress on particular words can have a big impact on the meaning and strength of apologies. For example. Saying “I am sorry” has more of an impact than “I’m sorry”. Another way of strengthening an apology is by using and stressing adverbs: I’m really sorry, I’m so sorry.
Review tenses and do more exercises about them.
Memorize the words and expressions related to physical appearance and then try to use them to describe people around you.
【Homework】
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