資源簡(jiǎn)介

(共25張PPT)
Using language
Unit 2 Exploring English
BY MICHELLE
課程導(dǎo)入
Word Formation
01
課程導(dǎo)入
Grammar: word formation
Discussion：Find the types of word formation in the following pictures.
water the plant
構(gòu)詞法
(word formation)
合成法
(combining two or more words)
派生法
(adding a prefix or suffix)
轉(zhuǎn)化法
(changing the part of speech)
縮寫(xiě)
(abbreviating)
前綴
(prefix)
后綴
(suffix)
Grammar: word formation
a. Neither is there pine nor
apple in pineapple.
b. … sculpt a sculpture …
c. When we … see rain …,we
can say “it’s raining …. ”
d. WHO
1. abbreviating
2. changing the part of speech
3. adding a prefix or suffix
4. combining two or more words
Grammar: word formation
Match the words in bold to the types of word formation.
合成法
合成動(dòng)詞
babysit
overlook
其他合成詞
everyone
throughout
合成名詞
newspaper
haircut
合成形容詞
heartfelt
kind-hearted
Grammar: word formation
派生法
前綴（prefix)
后綴（suffix)
dis-
im-
in-
disagree, dislike, disappear
impossible, impolite, impatient
inexpensive, incorrect, inability
inter-
mis-
non-
pre-
re-
un-
不
不
不
在……之間；相互
錯(cuò)誤地
不，非
在……之前
再，重新
不
international,
interconnect
mislead, misunderstand
non-electrical, non-smoker
preschool, preview, prewar
retell, rewrite, reread
unable, unhappy
Grammar: word formation
派生法
前綴（prefix)
后綴（suffix)
-er, or
-ment
-ship
-tion
-able
-ful
-less
-ous
-ly
（做某事）的人 / ……者
表示動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)、結(jié)果
表示技能、地位、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)
表示結(jié)果
表示有……性質(zhì)的,可……的
表示有……性質(zhì)的，充滿(mǎn)的
表示無(wú)、沒(méi)有
表示有……特性的
表示方式
dancer, actor
arrangement
development
leadership
friendship
relation, reflection
washable
comfortable
useful
mouthful
careless, useless
dangerous, nervous
carefully, quickly
1. Let’s talk about it.
2. I think we’d better finish the talk now.
3. She gave me a glass of water.
4. You should water the flowers twice a week.
5. She is wearing a black dress.
6. The girl in black is very beautiful.
7. Tom is a brave man.
8. He always braves the difficulties in life.
轉(zhuǎn)化法
動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞
名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞
形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞
形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞
Grammar: word formation
縮寫(xiě)
首字母縮寫(xiě)
單詞截短
as soon as possible—ASAP
World Trade Organization—WTO
advertisement—ad
laboratory—lab
Grammar: word formation
Grammar: word formation
Find more examples of word formation in the reading passage.
abbreviation:
changing the part of speech:
adding a prefix or suffix:
combining two or more words:
IT, US
it’s raining; it’s snowing
paint-painting, hard-hardly, soft-softly, harm-harmless / harmful, shame-shameless / shameful, visible-invisible
hamburger, eggplant, pineapple, seasick, airsick, carsick, homesick,
homework, housework
Grammar: word formation
Complete the passage with the help of word formation.
When you open a dictionary, you often come across a lot of unfamiliar words. You might think this is a bit scary. But many of them are formed using other simpler words. This is called word formation.
Words formed by combining other words are called compounds, for example, __________ (a friend that you contact by writing, traditionally using a pen) and __________ (known by many people).
penfriend
well-known
Grammar: word formation
Complete the passage with the help of word formation.
Prefixes and suffixes often have fixed meanings. If you add un- or in- to a word, the new word usually means the opposite. For example, if something isn’t correct it’s ________, and if someone isn’t happy they are _________. Words with the suffixes -ment and -ness are often nouns. For example, if somebody has improved a lot, they have made great ____________.
incorrect
unhappy
improvement
Grammar: word formation
Complete the passage with the help of word formation.
Some nouns and adjectives can be used as verbs, or the other way round. When we calm somebody down, they become ______. And we can give someone a present by__________ it.
And sometimes a word is made up of the first letters of several words: “World Trade Organization ” can be referred to as _____ , and ______is short for “as soon as possible”.
It is impossible to know the meaning of every word, but knowing about word formation can help us guess their meanings.
calm
presenting
WTO
ASAP
Grammar: word formation
Work in groups. Choose one type and come up with as many as words as possible.
abbreviating
changing the part of speech
adding a prefix or suffix
combining two or more words
Group A
Group B
Winner
課程導(dǎo)入
Vocabulary Building
02
課程導(dǎo)入
American English and British English
Look at the pictures and get to know the American English words and their British equivalents.
subway / underground
highway / motorway
theater / theatre
gas / petrol
apartment / flat
elevator / lift
Complete the passage with the following words.
subway / underground highway / motorway theater / theatre
gas / petrol apartment / flat elevator / lift
Today, American English is in common international use. It is different from British English in several ways, mostly in spelling and vocabulary. Some American spellings were created by Noah Webster, who made one of America’s first dictionaries. He changed “ -re” spellings to“ -er ”, which is why________ is spelt _______ in American English.
The Americans and the British also use different words for everyday things. For example, Americans talk about putting ______ in their cars and driving along the ___________, whereas in the UK, people put _________ in their cars and drive along the ___________. Americans take the_________ to the top floor of a building, but the British use the _____. In the US, they take the _________, but in the UK, people travel on the _____________, Americans live in a(n) ___________ while the British live in a(n) _______.
It’s not as confusing as it seems: usually people from the two countries can understand each other from the context. But that doesn’t stop them having a friendly argument about which word is the “right” one!
theatre
theater
gas
highway
petrol
motorway
elevator
lift
subway
underground
apartment
flat
課程導(dǎo)入
Listening & Speaking
03
Before listening
Each year, many additions are made to English dictionaries. Recent additions include “selfie”( a photograph that you take of yourself, usually with a mobile
phone) and “netizen” (a citizen who uses
the Internet) .
Some messaging abbreviations have also been added, for example, BRB (be right back), COZ (because) and G2G (got to go).
While-listening
Listen to three conversations and match them to the pictures.
Conversation 1 --- b
Conversation 2 --- c
Conversation 3 --- a
While-listening
Listen again and complete the table.
Words Meaning Origin
dim sum a kind of traditional _________________
from _______________________
__________ using a cellphone without caring about others a combination of the words
__________and ___________
__________ a shorter way of saying ____________________
from the Internet
Chinese food
the Guangdong dialect
cellfish
cellphone
selfish
LOL
laugh out loud
Speaking
Work in pairs. Act out the conversation to ask for and explain the meanings of the expressions.
discussion
Student A: Turn to Page 81.
Student B: Turn to Page 84.
Homework
1. Review word formation and find more examples of differences between American and British English. Use a dictionary or search on the Internet.
2. Find new words and their meanings on the Internet, and have a similar conversation.
THANKS FOR WATCHING

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