資源簡介

(共34張PPT)
Unit 3
The world of science
BY MICHELLE
Using language
Present perfect passive
Lead-in: Describe the pictures with present perfect tense.
He has finished his homework.
Someone has broken the cup.
表示說話時已經完成的動作，
而且這個動作的結果對現在仍有影響。
Lead-in: Describe the pictures with present perfect tense.
He has taught in our school for 30 years.
表示動作發生在過去，但一直持續到現在，
并且有可能繼續持續下去。
1. I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before.
2. I guess someone has asked you about the title of your book
before.
3. New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make
replacement hearts and bone parts.
4. People have used new inventions like 3D printers to make
replacement hearts and bone parts.
Lead-in: Compare the sentences and find out the difference.
找出下面句子的謂語結構，哪些是主動？哪些是被動？
被動
被動
主動
主動
Present perfect tense
1.現在完成時
謂語結構
主動
被動
have/has done
have/has been done
2.常連用的時間狀語有： recently , for+段時間，since +時間狀語(從句)，these days, so far, up to now, in/ during/ over the last/ past few years/months/ weeks/hours
Present perfect passive
1. 表過去開始的被動動作一直持續到現在
His Chinese has been improved a
lot since he came to China.
Present perfect passive
The road has already been built for more than one year.
2. 表某被動動作對現在造成的影響或結果
happen, take place,
break out, belong to, cost,
last等不及物動詞或詞組
無被動語態。
Great changes have
taken place in China since
1978.
① Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
0,000 people reading my blog! b I love to photograph the rising sun, …
a. I guess you have been asked about the title of your
book before.
b. New inventions like 3D printers have been used to
make replacement hearts and bone parts.
1. What has happened to “you” in sentence (a)
Someone has asked “you” about the title of your book before.
① Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
0,000 people reading my blog! b I love to photograph the rising sun, …
a. I guess you have been asked about the title of your
book before.
b. New inventions like 3D printers have been used to
make replacement hearts and bone parts.
2. Who has used new inventions to make replacement
hearts and bone parts in sentence (b)
People have used 3D printers to make replacement hearts and bone parts.
3. What is the difference between the two groups
of sentences
Group(a, b)___________________________.
Group(c, d)___________________________.
passive form with the subjects
active form with the subjects
000 people reading my blog! b I love to photograph the rising sun, …
a. I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before.
b. New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make
replacement hearts and bone parts.
c. I guess someone has asked you about the title of your book before.
d. People have used new inventions like 3D printers to make
replacement hearts and bone parts.
4. Why does the author choose to use the passive form instead of the active form in the reading passage
000 people reading my blog! b I love to photograph the rising sun, …
a. I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before.
b. New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make
replacement hearts and bone parts.
c. I guess someone has asked you about the title of your book before.
d. People have used new inventions like 3D printers to make
replacement hearts and bone parts.
The author chooses to use the passive form instead of the active form to emphasise what has been done, rather than who or what does the action.
② Rewrite the underlined parts using the present perfect passive.
Many things in our lives have already been affected.
But perhaps the most significant success that has been achieved to date is in medicine.
3D-printed hamburgers have been served to customers in some restaurants in London.
Human body parts, including a beating heart, have been made with 3D printing technology.
A new 3D-printed shell has been given to a turtle injured in a forest fire!
③ Imagine you are Dr Moore. Look at the pictures and tell the police about the damage and loss to your lab. Use the present perfect passive where appropriate.
1. The lock on the door has been broken.
2. The window has been broken.
3. My two laptops have been stolen.
4. Beakers and test tubes have been destroyed.
5. The book case has been opened, and some files have been taken away while others have been thrown everywhere.
6. The robot has been damaged.
Careers in science
④ Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
1. What do you know about these careers
2. What famous scientists can you name in these fields
A physicist is a person who does research connected
with physics or who studies physics.
A mathematician is a person who is trained in the
study of numbers and calculations.
A chemist is a person who does research connected
with chemistry or who studies chemistry.
An astronomer is a scientist who studies the stars,
planets, and other natural objects in space.
A geographer is a person who studies geography or is
an expert in it.
A biologist is a person who studies or works in the field
of biology.
Famous scientists in these fields
Albert Einstein
Zu Chongzhi
Kopernik
Noun. -ist Noun. -ian
science
scientist
art
novel
piano
society
artist
novelist
pianist
socialist
library
comedy
physic
history
music
librarian
comedian
musician
physician
historian
Learning to learn
Words about different careers in science can be formed by adding -er, -ist or -ian at the end of the words about subjects, eg biology - biologist.
⑤ Complete the introductions about different scientists with the words in Activity 4. Pay attention to the language that describes their careers.
Guo Shoujing (1231-1316) was a famous Chinese
1 ______________ of the Yuan Dynasty. He invented twelve new instruments to study stars and planets. He also developed a calendar which is as accurate as the Gregorian calendar. A mountain on the Moon and a minor planet are named after him.
astronomer
British 2 ___________ Charles Darwin (1809-1882) is best known for his work On the Origin of Species, in which he explains changes in species due to natural selection. His ideas deeply influence our understand- ing of the relationship between humans and nature.
biologist
Li Daoyuan (CA 466-527) was a famous writer and 3_____________ of the Northern Wei Dynasty. He did field research across China and studied more than a thousand rivers and streams, along with the landscape, history and culture of the surrounding areas.
geographer
Marie Curie (1867-1934) was a world-famous 4 __________ and was first awarded the Nobel Prize in 1903 for her extraordinary work on radioactivity. She was also regarded as a brilliant 5 __________, and was again awarded the Nobel Prize in 1911 for the isolation of pure radium.
physicist
chemist
Chen Jingrun (1933-1996) was one of the world’s leading
6 ________________. His work on Chen’s Theorem made an important advance towards proving Goldbach’s Conjecture, the greatest unsolved problem in number theory.
mathematician
⑥ Work in pairs. Think about other careers in science and discuss what interests you most.
I’m interested in the work of a(n)... because...
I’m interested in the work of a(n)... because...
Invention stories
Did you know
Alzheimer’s disease is a brain disorder that causes problems with memory, thinking and behaviour.
The majority of people with Alzheime’s are 65 and above. It is recognised as the most common mental disease among older people, and the number of sufferers is growing. Currently, there’s no cure for Alzheimer’s, but scientists are researching ways to improve the quality of life for people living with the disease.
⑦ Listen to the conversation and number the pictures in the correct order.
1
2
3
4
5
⑧ Listen again and complete the notes.
a pair of socks designed for people with Alzheimer’s diseases
a student from New York
His grandfather
A warning
gets out of bed
Talk about how the speakers describe the story behind an invention. Listen again if necessary.
He used exclamatory sentences to describe the story. Like “How amazing!” “What a useful invention and caring grandson!”
□ Learning to learn
Exclamatory sentences express strong emotions, such as surprise, shock, joy, emphasis and excitement. These are usually formed with what or how, and in written form usually end with an exclamation mark.
⑨ Work in pairs. Act out the conversation about the invention of the telephone.
Student A: Turn to Page 106.
Student B: Turn to Page 110.
Telling the story behind an invention
The telephone was invented by ... in ...
When he ...
He later, and finally ...
The first phone call was about ...
It is interesting that ...
Useful expressions
Summarize the usage of present perfect passive
Choose another story of an invention you know and have a similar conversation.
Homework
THANKS FOR WATCHING

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