資源簡介

(共39張PPT)
Using language
BY MICHELLE
皇上
(主語)
皇后
(謂語)
妃子
(非謂語)
Lead-in
后宮佳麗（非謂語動詞）三千 皇后（謂語動詞）只有一個
The girl making up is very lovely.
We want to finish the homework quickly.
To see is to believe.
During a typhoon, you should do your best to keep your head.
Teaching is my job.
The teacher told us to read books.
指出下列句子中的謂語動詞和非謂語動詞
to do
目的未做
done
被動完成
doing
主動進行
非謂語動詞
非謂語動詞的基本形式及用法
動名詞
現在分詞
1、做主語
2、作定語
3、作表語
4、作賓語
5、作賓補
6、做狀語
不定式to do
To swim in the river is dangerous.
It is dangerous to swim in the river. (it 作形式主語)
1、做主語
2、作定語
3、作表語
4、作賓語
5、作賓補
6、做狀語
不定式to do
I have a lot of work to do.
我有很多工作要做。
1、做主語
2、作定語
3、作表語
4、作賓語
5、作賓補
6、做狀語
不定式to do
Her job is to clean the hall.
她的工作是打掃大廳。
1、做主語
2、作定語
3、作表語
4、作賓語
5、作賓補
6、做狀語
不定式to do
同意提出做計劃 agree/offer/intend/plan
要求答應來幫忙 demand/ask/promise/help
準備決定遭拒絕 prepare/decide/refuse
敢于選擇有希望 dare/choose/wish/hope/want/expect
不能做到莫假裝 fail/pretend
設法做成決心堅 manage/determine
1、做主語
2、作定語
3、作表語
4、作賓語
5、作賓補
6、做狀語
不定式to do
He asked me to do the work with him.
他要求我和他一起做這個工作。
1、做主語
2、作定語
3、作表語
4、作賓語
5、作賓補
6、做狀語
不定式to do
I came here to visit my friends. (表目的)
We were very excited to hear this thing. (表原因)
He hurried to home to find nobody there. (表結果）
1.動詞不定式作定語，一般置于被修飾的名詞或代詞后面
Is this the best way to help him
Your wish to be a teacher is quite understandable.
to-infinitive as attributive 不定式作定語
Clint was the second person to survive in the earthquake.
subject–verb
A person needs just three things to be truly happy in the world—someone to love, something to do and something to hope for.
Wise men speak because they have something to say; fools because they have to say something.
verb–object
The need to love and to be loved is universal.
In order to grow, people need to have a willingness to take risks and to accept the possibility that they may fail at first.
apposition
What is the logical relationship
verb–object
2.不定式作定語與被修飾的名詞或代詞之間常有一定的邏輯關系。
to-infinitive as attributive 不定式作定語
① 名詞或代詞為動詞不定式的邏輯主語(主謂關系)。
Wendy was the first student to arrive at school.
②名詞或代詞為不定式的邏輯賓語(動賓關系)。
I have a meeting to attend.
Tip: 如果不定式是不及物動詞，需要加介詞才能與名詞之間構成動賓關系。
This is a good topic to talk about.
③ 名詞與不定式是同位語關系(動詞不定式與所修飾的名詞指代的內容一致)。
I have a wish to go to college.
Who has the ability to do the work
We should have the courage to face any difficulty.
They have found out a way to help the villages get rid of poverty.
常接不定式作定語的抽象名詞有：ability, ambition, chance, wish, attempt, decision, moment, need, plan, promise, reason, time, way, courage, opportunity 等。
3. 動詞不定式作定語，有被動形式。
The house to be built there will be a library.
He was the first person to be awarded such a prize.
She made a list of the people to be invited.
to-infinitive as attributive 不定式作定語
4. 當中心詞是序數詞或被序數詞、形容詞最高級及the next, the only, the last等限定時，常用不定式作后置定語。
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.
She is the only person to be admitted to the committee.
to-infinitive as attributive 不定式作定語
① Have you anything to send
② Have you anything to be sent
當作定語的不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的承受者時，不定式既可以用主動語態，也可用被動語態，但其含義有所不同。
你有什么東西要寄嗎
你有什么要(我或別人)寄的東西嗎
(不定式 to send的動作執行者是 you)
(不定式 to be sent的動作執行者是已被省略的 me 或 someone else)
1.通常放在其修飾的名詞或代詞_____;
2.與被修飾的名詞或代詞之間有一定的邏輯關系：________、__________或___________。
3.動詞不定式作定語，有被動形式。
4.當中心詞是_______或_______________________及the next, the only, the last等限定時，常用不定式作后置定語。
后面
主謂關系
動賓關系
同位關系
動詞不定式作定語
序數詞
被序數詞、形容詞最高級
to-infinitive as adverbial of result 不定式作結果狀語
用法 例句
意義 不定式作結果狀語,可以表示意料之中的或出乎意料的結果,不定式要放在句子后面。 (常與learn, find, see, hear, make等動詞連用。) I returned home that day to find that everything was being in good order.
After the meeting, they parted company, never to see each other.
常用結構 enough to... She was brave enough to go there alone.
too...to... They were too excited to say a word.
so...as to... Yesterday morning I got up so late as to be late for school.
such...as to... We are not such fools as to believe that.
only to... (常表示出乎意料的結果) They lifted a stone only to drop it on their own feet.
to-infinitive as adverbial of result 不定式作結果狀語
Summary
Activity 1 Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
1 What is the function of “to play” in sentence（a） Is it used to give description or show result
“To play”serves as attributive in sentence（a）. It is used to give description.
2 What is the function of “to attract” in sentence（b） Is it used to give description or show result
“To attract”serves as adverbial of result in sentence（b）. It is used to show result.
a That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.
b It is fun enough to attract millions of people.
Compare them with the following sentences and answer the questions.
3 What is the difference between the two groups of sentences
The first group of sentences uses to-infinitive as attributive and adverbial of result，while the second group uses attributive and adverbial clauses.
4 Why does the author choose to use sentences（a）and（b）in the reading passage
Because using to-infinitive makes sentences more concise.
c That football is such a simple game that people play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.
d It is so fun that it attracts millions of people.
Activity 2 Join the sentences using the to -infinitive form.
1 The rules of the game are so simple. They make the game easy to play.
The rules of the game are simple enough to make the game easy to play.
2 The ball is small enough. It fits into most sports bags.
The ball is small enough to fit into most sports bags.
3 Give me a list of the teams. They can enter the competition.
Give me a list of the teams to enter the competition.
4 The footballer has a dream. He wants to play for a top team.
The footballer has a dream to play for a top team.
5 We arrived at the stadium. We found that the game had been cancelled.
We arrived at the stadium only to find that the game had been cancelled.
Activity 3 Rewrite the underlined parts using the to-infinitive form.
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to help you keep track of
to record your steps，speed and distance
to enable you to stay hands-free
to be comfortable to wear
Exercise you can do anywhere
pull-up
skipping
push-up
jogging
sit-up
plank
Activity 4
Work in groups
What do you know about these exercies
Which of these exercises have you tried
pull-up
a Pull-up is an exercise in which one hangs by the hands from a support （such as a horizontal bar） and pulls oneself up until the chin is level with the support.
skipping
b Skipping is a common fitness exercise using a rope.
push-up
c Push-up is a common fitness exercise，mainly exercises the upper limbs，waist and abdominal muscles，especially chest muscles.
jogging
sit-up
plank
d Jogging is an activity of running at a slow，regular speed.
e Sit-up is a form of exercise to develop the muscles in your stomach.
f Plank is a kind of muscle training method similar to push-up and is recognized as an effective method to train the core muscles.
Read and match the descriptions to the exercises in Activity 4. Underline the words and expressions describing their benefits.
□ 1 You have to keep your body very still. This develops your core muscles and strengthens your
lower back.
□ 2 This develops your chest and shoulder muscles. Remember to keep your back completely
straight.
□ 3 Using only a rope，you can develop your footwork and balance. It’s good for your heart
and you’ll burn a lot of calories without going anywhere!
□ 4 Find a bar that will support your weight. This builds strength in your upper body，
especially in your arms and back.
□ 5 This develops the muscles in your stomach region and improves the way you stand.
□ 6 This gives you improved heart and lung function. It also helps build strong leg bones.
f
c
b
a
e
d
Activity 5
Activity 6
What are the benefits of gymnastics between classes
Work out your weekly exercise plan. Then use the words and expressions you have learnt to share the reasons behind your plan with the class.
Life lies in movement.
Traditional sports in China
Activity 7 Listen to the interview and choose the points mentioned.
Activity 8 Listen again and complete the journalist’s notes.
Leah and Tai Chi
Loves watching 1________ films and took 2_______________;fell in love with tai chi due to the classes.
First went to China 3_______ years ago.
Reasons for choosing Yangshuo:A 4 _________of tai chi lives there;The beautiful 5__________ views
Challenges: learning to use Chinese ; practising basic 6_______ ; getting up early
Benefits of tai chi: helps relax and brings 7__________ a simple way to 8________________ ; improves 9____________.
Kungfu
Kungfu classes
six
master
natural
skills
peace inside
deal with pressure
physical abilities
Now talk about the explanations Leah gives for doing tai chi. Listen again if necessary.
Activity 9 Work in pairs. Act out the interview between a sports journalist and a member of a dragon boat team.
Student A : Turn to page 82.
Student B : Turn to page 85.
Activity 10
Work in pairs. Think about another interview with a fan of a traditional sport in China and have a similar conversation.
Act out the interview between a sports journalist and a member of a dragon boat team.
Remember the functions of infinitives.
Complete the exercises in study plan.
Homework
THANKS FOR WATCHING

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