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外刊閱讀原創改編語法填空 第7期
智力流失：你的閱讀能力比得上十歲小孩嗎？
Do you often feel that the world is getting less intelligent Data (1) ______ (release) on December 10th by the OECD, a club mainly consisting of rich countries, indicates that it might not be just your imagination. Roughly every ten years, this organization asks adults in dozens of places to take tests on (2) ______ (numerate) and literacy. The questions it sets are not abstract brainteasers or simple spelling tests. Instead, they (3) ______ (aim) to imitate the problems that people aged 16 - 65 face in daily life.
The latest tests were carried out in 31 wealthy countries, and the results are quite (4) ______ (unnerve). It shows that one fifth of adults perform no better in maths and reading than what could be expected of a primary-school child. The trend is even more discouraging. In maths, average scores have risen in a few places over the past ten years, (5) ______ in many others they have fallen. In literacy, more countries have witnessed a decline in scores (6) ______ an increase, despite adults having higher educational qualifications than before.
Demographic change can explain part of it. New immigrants usually struggle with a new language, and the native-born have ageing brains. But even after taking this into (7) ______ (consider), the trends remain negative, especially in literacy. Some people guess that Netflix, video games and social media are (8) ______ (sap) people's acuity. It's also possible that education and training systems have not worked well. All in all, it's a problem that (9) ______ (need) our attention and efforts to improve the situation. Let's hope that we can find good ways to turn the situation (10) ______ in the future.
答案：
released （考查非謂語動詞，“Data” 與 “release” 是被動關系，用過去分詞作后置定語）
numeracy （考查詞性轉換，此處需要名詞與 “literacy” 并列）
aim （考查動詞時態，根據上下文語境用一般現在時，主語是 “they”，用原形）
unnerving （考查詞性轉換，“be + 形容詞” 結構，此處用形容詞作表語）
but （考查連詞，根據前后句意表示轉折關系，用 “but”）
than （考查比較級，“more...than...” 是固定搭配，表示 “比…… 更多”）
consideration （考查詞性轉換，“take...into consideration” 是固定短語，意為 “考慮到……”）
sapping （考查動詞時態，根據 “are” 可知此處用現在進行時，動詞用現在分詞形式）
needs （考查動詞時態和主謂一致，主語是 “it”，且描述一般情況，用一般現在時第三人稱單數形式）
around （考查固定短語，“turn...around” 表示 “扭轉…… 局面”）
The results of some tests are rather disappointing, which (1) ______ (deserve) more attention. Basic numeracy and literacy seem to be unpopular topics nowadays. Instead, students of education would rather (2) ______ (debate) on teaching fashionable “soft skills”. Technological changes haven't reduced the demand for people with good skills in numbers or words. Adults performing poorly in the OECD’s tests usually earn much less than those (3) ______ do well.
What's more, they are in worse health and less (4) ______ (satisfy) with life. In many countries, the ability gap among adults is widening. So, what can be done Improving lessons for children is the (5) ______ (sure) way to create more capable adults. For example, in England, adults’ ranking in the OECD has gone up as the youngest ones are scoring better. While in America, states are (6) ______ (junk) old tests, causing grades to inflate.
The second task is to improve systems for educating adults. These systems offer second chances to (7) ______ (drop) out students and help migrants integrate. However, politicians give them limited budgets because they (8) ______ (underestimate) the difficulty of the task. People with the weakest skills have less time and money for self-improvement and are (9) ______ likely to attend classes. In a word, we should take measures to change these (10) ______ (trend).
答案：
deserve（考查動詞時態，主語是 “which” 指代前面的 “results”，是復數，且描述一般情況，用一般現在時原形）
debate（考查固定搭配，“would rather do sth.” 表示 “寧愿做某事”，用動詞原形）
who（考查定語從句關系詞，先行詞是 “those” 指代人，在從句中作主語，用 “who”）
satisfied（考查詞性轉換，“be satisfied with” 是固定短語，用形容詞作表語）
surest（考查形容詞最高級，根據前面的 “the” 以及語境表示 “最可靠的”，用最高級形式）
junking（考查動詞時態，根據 “are” 可知此處用現在進行時，動詞用現在分詞形式）
dropped（考查非謂語動詞，“dropped out” 是過去分詞作定語，修飾 “students”，表完成和被動）
underestimate（考查動詞時態，主語是 “they”，描述一般情況，用一般現在時原形）
less（考查比較級，根據語境表示 “更不可能”，用 “less” 構成比較級）
trends（考查名詞復數，根據 “these” 可知用名詞復數形式）
In many places, there is (1) ______ mania for universities. This has affected the (2) ______ (fund) and focus of other lessons for people aged 18 and above. As a result, degrees are losing their (3) ______ (meaning). The OECD has discovered that even some university graduates’ scores in numeracy and literacy are so low that they might (4) ______ (embarrass) a child. Besides, old people who want to go back to class without taking long and (5) ______ (expense) university courses often find good alternatives are (6) ______ (lack).
It's really necessary to (7) ______ (accelerate) efforts to solve these problems. We should make sure that all kinds of courses can get proper support. And we also need to create more (8) ______ (alternate) for the oldies. Only in this way can we improve the overall educational situation and make the degrees more (9) ______ (value). Let's hope that we can see positive changes in the near (10) ______.
答案：
a
funding（考查詞性轉換，此處需要名詞作賓語，“funding” 表示 “資金”）
meaning（考查詞性轉換，形容詞性物主代詞 “their” 后接名詞，用 “meaning”）
embarrass（考查動詞原形，“might” 是情態動詞，后接動詞原形）
expensive（考查詞性轉換，此處與 “long” 并列，修飾 “university courses”，用形容詞）
lacking（考查詞性轉換，“be lacking” 表示 “缺乏的”，用形容詞形式）
accelerate（考查動詞原形，“It's + adj. + to do sth.” 結構中，用動詞原形）
alternatives（考查名詞復數，根據 “more” 可知用名詞復數形式）
valuable（考查詞性轉換，“make sth. + adj.” 結構，用形容詞作賓語補足語）
future（考查固定短語，“in the near future” 表示 “在不久的將來”）

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