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倒裝句&強調句&省略句
一、倒裝句
1定義：謂語的全部或部分（助動詞或情態動詞）放在主語前的現象。
2考點：全部倒裝和部分倒裝
全部倒裝：將謂語動詞完全放到主語之前
here,there,up,down,in,out,off,away,now,then等副詞開頭的句子表強調
例如：There is a cup on the table.
The children rushed out. Out rushed the children.
Your turn comes now. Now comes your turn.
表示地點的介詞短語作狀語位于句首
例如：Two tables and four chairs stood under the tree.
Under the tree stood two tables and four chairs
強調表語，放句首
例如：1000 students were present at the meeting.
Present at the meeting were1000 students
口訣：有時表地方
注意：1.以上三種情況主語是代詞時不到裝
2.當表示地點的介詞短語放句首時，若謂語部分用be 動詞+現在分詞，或be動詞+過去分詞，把現在分詞或過去分詞提到介詞短語之前。
(二)部分倒裝：謂語的助動詞或情態動詞倒裝到主語之前，若無可添加助動詞do/does/did
1.never，hardly，scarcely，seldom。little，not, by no means , in no way表示否定意義的副詞或介詞短語放句首
No sooner…than, hardly/scarcely…when…，not until 主倒從不倒
not only…but also連接并列的句子，前倒后不到
neither…nor連接并列的句子，前后都倒
2.only+狀語位于句首
3.so…that, such…that中的so或such集修飾的成分放句首時，主倒從不倒
4.as引導的讓步狀語從句，把需要強調的部分提前（如：名，動，形容，副詞）即：名/動/形容/副詞+as+主+謂
5.so/nor/neither+助動詞/情態動詞/系動詞+主語表示前面說過的情況也適用于另一人或物時，要部分倒裝 …也是
注：so/nor/neither+主語+助動詞/情態動詞/系動詞表示“確實。。。”僅對前面內容的肯定和附和
6.省略if的虛擬條件句
7.用于表祝愿的祈使句中
二、強調句
1.基本句型：It is /was+強調部分+that/who/whom+其他
例如：He met an old friend in the park yesterday.
It was he that/who met an old friend in the park yesterday.
It was an old friend that/who/whom he met in the park yesterday.
It was in the park that he met an old friend yesterday.
It was yesterday that he met an old friend in the park.
考點總結：時態的運用；引導詞的運用；人稱和數的變化
2.判斷方法：去掉It is /was和that/who/whom，看句子是否完整
練習____________Swan House and World of Coca-Cola Museum that you were shown around Last weekend
A．Were it B．Are it C．Might it be Was it
3.強調從句：not…until…句型的強調句
He didn’t go to bed until his wife came back.
It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
It is/was not until后的內容+原主干部分（改為原句時態）
其他形式：
一般疑問句：Is /Was+it+強調部分+that/who/whom+其他
例如：____________Swan House and World of Coca-Cola Museum that you were shown around Last weekend
A．Were it B．Are it Might it be D．Was it
特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+is /was+it+that+其他？
練習
When was it _______ the Shanghai Disneyland_________ you dream of visiting was open to the public
A.which,which B.that,which C.that,where D.which,where
5.謂語動詞的強調：助動詞do/does/did
例如：I do like you.
三、省略句
（一）狀語從句中的省略
1.滿足條件：同時滿足主句主語和從句主語一致；從句的謂語含有be動詞的某種形式兩個條件時，即可同時省略從句中的主語和be動詞
例如：He was happy, though (he was ) poor.
I’ll not go to the party unless (I am) invited.
練習
---How are you getting on with your work
---Oh, I’m sorry. Things aren’t going so well as ___planned_______(plan).
(二)并列句中的省略
1.當并列的主語相同時，后面的主語可省略
2.當并列的謂語動詞相同，動詞可省略
例如：Fred took a picture of you, and __________.
A.Susan of me B.Susan took C. Susan took of me D. Susan took a picture

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