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(共48張PPT)
Unit 4
A glimpse of the future
Developing ideas
BY MICHELLE
Reading
01
Lead in
Look at the pictures and guess what they are.
The above are among the most classic works of science fiction in the world, so have you read them
Isaac Asimov(1920-1992)
阿西莫夫
Isaac Asimov was an American writer, and professor of biochemistry at Boston University, best known for his works of science fiction and popular science. Asimov was considered to be one of the “Big Three” science-fiction writers during his lifetime.
“A few years ago, the idea of a computer you could put in your pocket was just science fiction.”
Pre-reading
Background information
Asimov is perhaps best known for his Foundation series, the first three books of which won the Hugo Award for “ Best All-Time Series” in 1966. His other major works are the Galactic empire series and the Robot series, in which he put forward the Three Laws of Robotics ---an idea which continues to exercise some influence today.
Watch the video and answer the questions.
How does Asimov set out the relationship between humans and robots
Have you read any of Asimov’s novels If so，share one story you’ve read with the class. If not，would you like to read them Why or why not
How does Asimov set out the relationship between humans and robots
He puts forward the Three Laws of Robotics, which ensure that robots should always obey and protect humans.
Have you read any of Asimov’s novels If so，share one story you’ve read with the class. If not，would you like to read them Why or why not
Complete the table to compare life on Earth with life on the Moon.
Life on Earth
Wear ordinary clothes and change according to the seasons.
Breathe the air freely.
Have to make an effort to jump high.
Keep pets, such as dogs, cats, etc.
Life on the Moon
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
Wear spacesuits whenever outside.
Breathe from an air supply.
Jump high easily.
Keep robots as pets.
Now read the passage and find out what life on the Moon is like in the novel.
A Boy’s Best Friend
Background information about the passage
The events in the passage take place on the Moon, where Jimmy and his parents live. The boy has a best friend Robutt, who is a robotic dog. Robutt was programmed to love and keep the child safe so that the boy could wander among the moon craters unhazardously.
Learning to learn
What is foreshadowing
Foreshadowing is when the author gives a clue as to what is to come later in the story. This often appears at the beginning of a story, or a chapter, and helps the reader develop expectations about the coming events in a story.
While-reading
What life on the Moon is like in the novel
We can see from the passage that when people living on the Moon want to go outside, they normally have to wear spacesuits.
We can also see from the passage that people can only communicate by some special devices on the Moon because there is no air but vacuum.
Complete the summary of the story.
Title ____________________________________
Author __________________________________
Setting
·Time：_________________________________
·Place：_________________________________
Characters
·Jimmy，a Moon-born boy
· _______________________________________
· _______________________________________
· _______________________________________
A Boy’s Best Friend
Isaac Asimov
In the future
On the Moon
Mr Anderson，Jimmy’s father
Mrs Anderson，Jimmy’s mother
Robutt，a mechanical dog， Jimmy’s pet
Plot
Jimmy’s parents get a dog from Earth. They want to give it to Jimmy as a pet. But...________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Different attitudes towards Robutt
·Parents：___________________________________________________
·Jimmy：___________________________________________________
Jimmy already has a robot pet named Robutt. His parents think it would be good for Jimmy to have a real dog，and that he would like it. They want to send Robutt to another family. To his parents’ surprise，Jimmy refuses to accept the real dog，because he loves Robutt and he believes Robutt loves him too. For Jimmy，Robutt is not just a mechanical dog，but a real friend.
They think Robutt is a mechanical imitation of a real dog.
He loves Robutt and treats him like a real dog.
Now talk about your attitudes towards the story.
What are the similarities and differences between Robutt and a real dog
Similarities:
Both are able to respond to orders given by human beings.
Both can outrace human beings.
Both can guide and protect human beings.
Differences:
They have different appearances.
A real dog is a living creature, while Robutt is a machine.
A real dog loves human beings as a result of its nature, while Robutt is just adjusted to act as though it loves human beings.
Is there any foreshadowing of Jimmy’s final decision Find clues in the reading passage.
Yes，there is.
At the beginning of the story，we know Jimmy has never seen a real dog. It also seems that he spends a lot of time with Robutt. Jimmy plays with Robutt enthusiastically, shouting“Come on, Robutt.”In the middle of the passage，we are told that “Jimmy couldn’t go wrong while Robutt was around”， indicating that Robutt protects Jimmy well.
What other sci-fi novels about robots can you think of Share one with the class.
One possible answer: There is one book named I, Robot, which is also written by Isaac Asimov. In my opinion, this book can be regarded as one of the best sci-fi novels about robots. Anyone interested in sci-fi novels shouldn’t miss it.
The two reading passages in this unit show us different aspects of technology in the future. Which of these do you most expect to encounter in your lifetime
I expect to encounter one robot dog such as Robutt. I think such kind of dog is of much benefit and help to mankind. For example the“robotic guide dog”will help support visually impaired people who are unable to have a real animal.
Post-reading
Give a talk on whether it is possible to have a real friendship with a robot.
Answer the questions to help to form your point of view.
Why do Jimmy and his parents have different feelings towards Robutt
Because Jimmy was born on the Moon，he has never seen a real dog. He has been getting along well with Robutt，and thus has developed an affection for him. He cannot figure out why a real dog is better than a mechanical dog，despite his father’s explanation. While Jimmy’s parents have seen real dogs before they left Earth. They know what real dogs look like. They think Robutt is just a machine.
Post-reading
Give a talk on whether it is possible to have a real friendship with a robot.
Answer the questions to help to form your point of view.
If you were Jimmy, which one would you choose, Robutt or a real dog
If I were Jimmy，I would choose to own a real dog，because I need real comfort and genuine love and loyalty from my pet.
Organise the main points you would like to cover and complete the table.
Point of view
Arguments
Supporting details
Conclusion
It is possible.
We enter the era of social robotics.
Like the close relationship between Jimmy and Robutt.
We will all be having relationships with robots.
Give your talk to the class.
He’s at the rocket station，going through the tests. 它在火箭站，正在接受測試。
go through
（1）經歷，經受
He was going through a very difficult time.
（2）仔細檢查，審查
I always start the day by going through my email.
（3）詳細研究，仔細琢磨
They spent several days going through all related practical methods.
（4）用完，耗盡
She has gone through all her savings in order to build the memorial.
（5）（法律、合同等正式）通過
The bill didn’t go through.
He’s at the rocket station，going through the tests. 它在火箭站，正在接受測試。
go through
【歸納拓展】
go after 追趕；追求 go ahead 先走；開始做；請吧，說吧
go against 違背，違反 go back 回去；追溯到
go by （時間）過去；遵循 go down 下降，下跌
go over 仔細檢查 go out 出去；（火、燈）熄滅
go in for 愛好；參加（考試或競賽）go up 上升；被建造
寫出下列句中go through 的含義
（1）The law didn’t go through at the meeting.____________　　　
（2）Not until he went through real hardship did he realise the warmth of home. _____________
（3）He went through my composition and corrected every mistake. ________
單句語法填空
（4）— The professor has done some research on wild plants for 20 years.
— Oh! He must have gone _____________ a lot of difficulties!
（5）Anyone who goes _____________ nature will be punished.
（6）Most students in our class go in _____________outdoor activities.
（7）It was a tradition that goes _____________ at least 100 years.
（8）— May I open the window to let in some fresh air
—Go_____________.
（9）Things will get better as time goes _____________.
通過
經歷
仔細檢查
through　
against
for
back
ahead
by
Jimmy held out his arms and Robutt was in them in one bound. 吉米伸出雙臂，羅布跳了上去。
hold out 伸出，遞出；維持，堅持
I held out my hand to steady her. 我伸出手去扶住她。
He held out the keys and I took them.他伸出手把鑰匙遞過來，我接了。
We can stay here for as long as our supplies hold out. 我們可以在這里一直待到我們的儲備品用完。
【歸納拓展】
hold back 阻止；抑制；隱瞞 hold on 別掛斷電話；等會兒；堅持住
hold on to 緊緊抓住 hold up 支撐，舉起；延遲，阻礙
單句語法填空
（1）“I’m Nancy Drew，”she said，_____________（hold）out her hand.
（2）The water was not suitable to drink，so they held _____________ until we get to a shop.
（3）I was held _____________ on the way and so I was late.
（4）Tell me all about it—don’t hold anything_____________!
holding
out
up
back
Jimmy said，“What will the difference be between Robutt and the dog ” 吉米問：“那羅布和狗有什么不一樣呢 ”
difference between...and... ……和……之間的不同
【歸納拓展】
tell the difference between A and B 區分 A 和 B
make a difference 有作用，有影響
make no difference 沒有作用，沒有影響
be different from 與……不同　　
be different in 在……方面不同
differ from...in... 在……方面與……不同
Changing schools made a big difference to my life.
People differ from one another in their ability to handle stress.
單句語法填空
（1）There are no significant _____________（different） between the education systems of the two countries.
（2）Can you tell the subtle difference _____________the words “require” and “request”
（3）The twins are different _____________ each other _____________ their behaviour.
（4）His ideas differ _____________ those of his father’s.
（5）It seems that living green is surprisingly easy and affordable. A small step makes ____________big difference.
differences
between
from
in
from
a
Jimmy held Robutt tightly.吉米緊緊地抱著羅布。
tightly adv. 緊緊地
He frowned and closed his eyes tightly.他皺著眉頭，緊緊地閉上雙眼。
He held on tightly to her arm. 他緊緊地抓住她的胳膊。
【單詞積累】
tight adj. 緊的，牢的；緊身的；嚴密的；（時間、金錢）緊的
a tight budget 預算緊張
The drawer is so tight that I can’t open it. 抽屜太緊，我打不開。
單句語法填空
（1）Seeing her eyes were _____________（tight）closed，the girl burst out crying.
完成句子
（2）My schedule ___________________（很緊）right now，but I’ll try to help you.
（3）As you know，I run the magazine on ________________（預算緊張）.
tightly
is very tight　
a tight budget
He was frowning，too，and the desperate look on his face meant that he wouldn’t change his mind.他也皺著眉頭，臉上的堅定表明他不會改變心意。
desperate adj.
（1）拼命的，絕望的
Time was running out and we were getting desperate.
（2）非常需要……的，極其需要……的
be desperate for... 非常需要……
be desperate to do sth. 非常想做某事
in desperate need of... 非常需要……
Our chairman is desperate for the enormous investment.
He was desperate to tell someone his good news.
The children are in desperate need of love and attention.
單句語法填空
（1）The millionaire is greedy，still desperate_____________ another fortune.
（2）He is desperate _____________（achieve）his aim of quitting smoking because it causes great damage to his heart and lungs.
（3）The last time I met him，he said he was in desperate need ________ help.
完成句子
（4）The company ____________________________________（非常需要）employees.
（5）He ________________（非常想）get a job when he graduated from university.
for
to achieve
of
is desperate for/is in desperate need of　
was desperate to
He was frowning，too，and the desperate look on his face meant that he wouldn’t change his mind.他也皺著眉頭，臉上的堅定表明他不會改變心意。
change one’s mind 改變主意
He is so stubborn that I’m afraid I can’t persuade him to change his mind.
He is frequently changing his mind.
【歸納拓展】
keep/bear...in mind=keep/bear in mind that...把……記在心上，記住……
make up one’s mind 下定決心；作出決定
have...in mind 心中有合適的人選（或想做的事）
come into one’s mind 掠過/ 進入某人的腦海
bring...to mind （使）想起……
Suddenly a terrible thought came into my mind.
The picture brought my close friends to mind.
完成句子
（1）When I first met Bryan I didn’t like him，but I have _________________（改變看法）.
（2）It’s a good idea. I’ll _______________________（把它記在心里）.
（3）__________________________（記住……）note-taking is a selective process whenever or however you take notes.
（4）He has _________________（下定決心）to overcome his shortcomings.
（5）Do you __________________________（心中有人選） for the job
changed my mind
keep/bear it in mind
Keep/Bear in mind that
made up his mind
have anyone in mind
Writing
02
Continuing a sci-fi story
Read the story and answer the questions.
What happened to the prison and what was the cause
What kind of job do you think Carolyn has
Are there any sentences that might foreshadow what will happen next Underline them.
There was a prison breakout，caused by faulty robotics.
She might be a prison governor.
And in a maximum-security prison like yours，one small error could cause a lot of problems.
It was not until an hour later that he noticed that Carolyn had left her emergency call device on the breakfast table.
What does a sci-fi story usually include
sci-fi
story
Characters
Setting
Plot
Ending
time
place
weather
background
...
humans
robots
UFOs
aliens
...
beginning
development
climax
conflict
...
common ending
miserable ending
win-win ending
mysterious ending
...
Think about what will happen next，based on the examples of foreshadowing you have plete the notes to plan the rest of the story.
Setting
·Time：_________________________________________________
·Place：_________________________________________________
Characters ______________________________________________
Plot ____________________________________________________
Ending _________________________________________________
Now continue the story.
Carolyn had a long commute to the prison, even by aircar. When she arrived, everything seemed normal, except for a robot lying at the front gate, motionless. It’s an old model, she thought. They broke down now and again. She passed through the gate, noting that everything else was apparently in order.
But just as she closed her office door behind her, a loud alarm sounded. Carolyn’s blood froze. She had only ever heard that sound during drills. It can’t be! She thought. A general systems failure! She looked out of the reinforced glass of her office window into the prison below. Sure enough, the robots were out of control. Most had stopped moving at all. Some spun aimlessly around and around.
But others were randomly operating things, including the cell gates, and she could see prisoners rushing out to freedom. “Grab the robots’ weapons and run!” shouted the prisoners.
Carolyn opened her bag and reached for her emergency call device. Her heart sank as she realised she had left it at home. I need to call in the police, she thought. But how Without the device, she couldn’t communicate. Nothing in the prison would work properly now.
There was a voice behind her. “Looking for one of these ”
Carolyn gasped. “Julius!” There was her second-in-command, holding an emergency caller in his hand. “What are you doing in my office ”
“It should be my office!” snarled Julius. “I’ve worked here for forty years ... and the City Commissioners gave you the job as prison governor! But now you’ll pay. You’ll all pay! I can make every robot in every prison in the city go crazy. The prisoners will escape, and the city will burn!”
Then the door burst open, and the room was suddenly flooded with riot police. And there was ... Todd!
“I took the aircar over here to bring you this,” he said quietly, winking as he pushed the emergency call device secretly into her hands. “I could see there was trouble, so I activated it to call in the police.”
“It was Julius,” said Carolyn, watching the police bundle Julius out of the door. “He’s gone mad.”
“Sure,” said Todd. “But now we know how easy it is to cause a mass robot breakdown. You’ll have to write a report. Make some recommendations to upgrade the robots.”
“I know.” Carolyn slid from Todd’s hug and walked towards the door. She could see the police rounding up the prisoners. “But right now, I’ve got a prison to run.”
Presenting
ideas
03
Look at the pictures about the future and answer the questions.
What are the people doing in each picture
Picture 1
The robot is displaying some information to a girl. Perhaps the girl is being taught by the robot.
Picture 2
A girl is sitting on the robot. She looks like she is controlling the robot with a device. She seems to be playing.
Picture 3
The robot is helping a mother look after her child.
Imagine and describe their daily lives. Would you like to live like this
Discuss how other daily activities might be different in the future and complete the table.
Activities Descriptions
Studying
Eating
Socialising
Having fun
...
We can study with the help of a robot or something like that.
We may drink some liquid food instead of solid food, and eat less.
We can communicate with each other by intelligent devices instead of meeting face to face.
We may travel to another planet by flying machines.
Design your own ideal day in the future. Consider the following：
Is it a weekday or weekend What activities will you do
Who do you want to spend the day with
In what ways is it different to your present daily life
Share your ideal day in the future with the class.
Review language points.
Search the Internet to know more about the AI technology.
Write the plot of your own sci-fi story.
THANKS FOR WATCHING

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