資源簡(jiǎn)介

(共58張PPT)
Unit 6
Nature
in words
Developing ideas
BY MICHELLE
Reading
01
Lead in
Do you know infographic
An infographic is a collection of imagery, charts, and minimal text that gives an easy-to-understand overview of a topic.
information+graphic (圖表)
Why are infographics used
Infographics are great for making complex information easy to digest. They can be helpful anytime you want to:
Provide a quick overview of a topic
Explain a complex process
Display research findings or survey data
Summarize a long blog post or report
Compare and contrast multiple options
Raise awareness about an issue or cause
Pre-reading
Look at the infographic below and answer the questions.
Facts about DDT:
DDT was first produced in 1874 and was later used as pesticide.
It stays in the environment.
It is highly poisonous to living organism, including humans.
Now banned in many countries, it is still used in some for malaria control.
is sprayed
onto plants
[m le r ] (瘧疾)
How does DDT reach the human body in the food chain
is sprayed
onto plants
leaks through the soil and into rivers and lakes
is absorbed by plants
is consumed by animals
contaminates fish
What harm does DDT cause
DDT is highly poisonous to living organism, including humans.
a book that led to the banning of DDT
Pesticides were yesterday’s gospel, but today’s disaster.
Rachel Carson, writer, scientist, and ecologist, grew up simply in the rural river town of Springdale, Pennsylvania.
1941: Under the Sea-Wind
1951: The Sea Around Us
1955: The Edge of the Sea
1962: Silent Spring
While-reading
Read the book review on Silent Spring. Predict what will be mentioned in the passage.
Book Review:
an article in a newspaper or magazine giving opinion on a book.
Basic information about the book, including the author, year of publication, theme and main idea;
The reason why this book is published;
Features of the writing;
Comments on this book;
Influence of this book.
Now read the passage and check your prediction.
Silent Spring
Read for structure.
Book
Review
Para. 2
Para. 3
Para. 4
Para. 5-6
Para. 6
Basic information
Content of this book
Influence of this book
Comments on this book
Features of the writing
Read for main idea of each paragraph.
The opening of the book.
Basic information.
the author,
year of publication,
theme, main idea,
reason for publication
Some unsuccessful solutions.
The book’s impact.
Comments on this book.
The book deserves to be reread.
Organize information from the passage and complete the notes about Silent Spring.
Author:
Rachel Carson
Year of publication:
______
Purposes:
Carson aimed to alert people to
________________________________
on natural ecosystems.
She wished to see pesticides used in a ________________________________
__________________way.
the damaging effects of human activity
1962
more responsible, limited and carefully
monitored
Read for details.
Read for details.
_____________________ said that Carson’s research is not precise. Carson appeared in public and on television to ____________________.
Features of
the book:
Carson wrote a lot of ______________________________________________ in the book.
The arguments are strong, and the language is ______________________.
scientific information, examples and research
beautiful and elegant
Opposing voices:
The pesticide industry
defend her claims
Read for details.
Influence of
the book:
__________________ was banned and the EPA was established in the US.
Carson earned a posthumous
____________________________.
The book changed the world by increasing people’s ___________________________.
The use of DDT
Presidential Medal of Freedom
environmental awareness
Now work in pairs. Talk about which aspects of the book review make you want to read the book.
The influence of the book arouse my interest in reading the book. Because The book Silent Spring triggered an environmental movement and as such we have known the toxic effects of chemical agriculture, basically from the very beginning. We have suffered both massive environmental damage, disease and pest resistance, and human health issues.
Why was Silent Spring so successful
Silent Spring was so successful because it alerted the general public to the dangers of DDT. It planted important new ideas in the public mind, such as that spraying chemicals to control insect populations has an impact on other wildlife, and that the chemicals got into the food chain.
What is the moral lesson behind “A Fable for Tomorrow”
The moral lesson is that financial profit should not come at the expense of the environment and the creatures living in it.
Why did some people challenge Carson’s findings
Some people challenged Carson’s findings because they were concerned about the negative impact, they would have on business in the pesticide industry.
In what different ways do First Snow and Silent Spring raise people’s awareness of nature
First Snow shows the beauty of nature – and in particular the snow – through its words and imagery, while Silent Spring describes an unnatural spring without the beauty of birdsong. They each raise people’s awareness of nature by highlighting the interplay between nature and human behavior.
Post-reading
Work in groups. Write an award speech for Rachel Carson.
Read the passage again and make notes about Rachel Carson’s contributions to environmental protection. Consider the following:
her most influential work
what points she tried to make
difficulties she met with
her personal qualities
Rachel Carson received her Presidential Medal of Freedom posthumously in 1980. Read the excerpt from President Carter’s award speech and note the language features.
Never silent herself in the face of destructive trends, Rachel Carson fed a spring of awareness across America and beyond. Always concerned, always eloquent, she created a tide of environmental consciousness that has not ebbed.
Write your own award speech of about 100 words and share it with the class.
I accept the prize with profound gratitude.
I can’t tell you how honoured I am to receive this award and to be counted among the many distinguished recipients who have received it in the past.
Thank you, Mr President, members of the Committee. I am very happy to be here with you today to receive the... I feel honoured, humbled and deeply moved that you should give this important prize to me as I am no one special. But I believe the prize is a recognition of the true value of my efforts, love, compassion which I try to practice.
I thank you all for this amazing award tonight. Let us not take this planet for granted. I do not take tonight for granted. Thank you so very much.
Read the book review on Silent Spring ，a book that led to the banning of DDT. 閱讀《寂靜的春天》的書評(píng)，這本書導(dǎo)致了DDT 的禁用。
ban v. 禁止，取締　n. 禁令
ban sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事
a ban on... 關(guān)于……的禁令
impose / lift a ban 頒布 / 解除禁令
【注意】
表示“禁止，阻止”常用“動(dòng)詞+ 賓語(yǔ)+ from doing sth.”結(jié)構(gòu)，forbid 還可用“動(dòng)詞+ 賓語(yǔ)+ to do sth. ”結(jié)構(gòu)。
ban/prohibit/forbid
stop/keep/prevent
forbid + sb. + to do sth.
+ sb. + from doing sth.
單句語(yǔ)法填空
（1）He has been banned _____________ competing in games for half a year.
（2）Children under the age of eighteen _____________（ban）from entering.
（3）The ban _____________ driving after drinking alcohol has been carried out all over the country，which is helpful to reduce traffic accidents.
完成句子
（4） Many countries have passed laws _________________（禁止吸煙）in public places.
（5） He __________________________（被禁止離開家）because he was suspected of murder.
from　
are banned
on
to ban smoking
was banned from leaving home
Many people spoke of them，puzzled and disturbed. 許多人談?wù)撝Ｈ焕Щ螅枫凡话病?br/>puzzled adj. 困惑的，無(wú)法理解的
She had a puzzled look on her face.
He looked puzzled so I repeated the question.
I feel puzzled at his reply.
【單詞積累】
puzzle v. 使困惑，使迷惑　n. 謎，難題
puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的 puzzlement n. 迷惑，困惑
puzzle over 仔細(xì)琢磨，冥思苦想 puzzle out 仔細(xì)考慮解決（難題等）
She was puzzling over the chain of events.
He was trying to puzzle out why his son had told a lie to him.
單句語(yǔ)法填空
（1）He frowned as he read the instructions，as if _____________ （puzzle）.
（2）I’ve puzzled _____________ this question for a while，and I’m still not sure what the right answer is.
（3） He lay looking at the ceiling，trying to puzzle things _____________.
（4）The situation is more _____________ than ever. I’m _____________ about what to do next.（puzzle）
（5）What _____________（puzzle）me is why he left the country without telling anyone.
puzzled
over
out
puzzling
puzzled
puzzles
The few birds seen anywhere were moribund；they trembled violently and could not fly. 為數(shù)不多的幾只鳥也奄奄一息；它們渾身打戰(zhàn)，無(wú)法飛翔。
tremble v. 顫抖，發(fā)抖；（輕微）搖晃，震顫；焦慮，擔(dān)憂
tremble with fear/anger 嚇得發(fā)抖 / 氣得哆嗦
His voice started to tremble，and I thought he was going to cry.
The whole house trembled as the train went by.
I trembled at the thought of what might happen.
【詞語(yǔ)辨析】tremble 與 shake
tremble 多用于人或人的聲音，指因寒冷、驚恐等而發(fā)抖、戰(zhàn)栗。
shake 多指人或物自主或不自主地抖動(dòng)、搖動(dòng)，未必有規(guī)律。
Her voice trembled with excitement.她激動(dòng)得聲音顫抖。
Shake the bottle before you open it.打開瓶子之前先搖一搖。
單句語(yǔ)法填空
（1）Tom was on his feet now，his body _____________（tremble）with anger.
完成句子
（2）When the earthquake began，everything shook violently，and she _____________________（嚇得發(fā)抖）.
選詞填空（tremble/shake）
（3）When asked if he wanted anything else，he just _____________ his head.
（4）Her bottom lip _____________，and tears welled up in her eyes.
trembling
trembled with fear
shook
trembled
By imagining a world without birds，she aimed to alert not only the scientific community... 通過(guò)想象一個(gè)沒(méi)有鳥兒的世界，她想要警告科學(xué)界……
alert v. 提醒，使（某人）意識(shí)到；使警覺　adj. 警惕的，警覺的
alert sb. to sth. 使某人意識(shí)到某事物
stay alert 保持警覺
be alert to sth. 對(duì)……保持警惕
They had been alerted to the possibility of further price rises.
We all have to stay alert.
Climbers need to be alert to possible dangers.
單句語(yǔ)法填空
（1）These are posters _____________（alert） people to the risks of smoking.
（2）He wanted to alert people _____________ the activities of the group.
完成句子
（3）這則廣告提醒學(xué)生注意吸煙的危險(xiǎn)。
The ad __________________________ of smoking.
（4）Parents should _____________（對(duì)……保持警惕）sudden changes in children’s behaviour.
alerting
to
alerts students to the dangers
be alert to
She believed that the chemical industry was knowingly causing harm to plants，animals and even humans... 她認(rèn)為化學(xué)工業(yè)正在明目張膽地對(duì)動(dòng)植物，甚至對(duì)人類本身造成傷害……
cause harm to 對(duì)……造成傷害
Our thoughts，words，and actions often cause harm to others. 我們的思想、言語(yǔ)和行為常常對(duì)他人造成傷害。
【歸納拓展】
do harm to sb. / sth. = do sb. / sth. harm 對(duì)某人 / 某物有害
be harmful to 對(duì)……有害　　　
be harmless to 對(duì)……無(wú)害
Many lifestyles do great harm to health nowadays.如今許多生活方式對(duì)健康十分有害。
單句語(yǔ)法填空
（1）Try to choose products that do the least harm_________ the environment.
完成句子
（2）Reading in the sun ______________________（對(duì)……有害）your eyes.
（3）Pregnant women should be aware that drugs might ______________（對(duì)…… 造成傷害） their unborn baby.
to
does harm to/is harmful to
cause harm to
Carson urged people to make themselves aware of the facts and do something about the situation.卡森敦促人們認(rèn)清事實(shí)，并且為此做出努力。
urge sb. to do sth. 敦促某人做某事
【歸納拓展】
urge that...（should） do... 竭力主張……；強(qiáng)烈要求……
have an urge to do sth. 有想做某事的欲望 / 沖動(dòng)
The expert urges that young couples should set aside some money every month in case of emergency. 這位專家力主年輕夫婦應(yīng)該每月存點(diǎn)兒錢以防緊急情況發(fā)生。
I had a sudden urge to ring him up. 我突然很想給他打電話。
【單詞積累】
urge v. 竭力主張；強(qiáng)烈要求；敦促　n. 強(qiáng)烈的欲望；沖動(dòng)
urgent adj. 緊急的 urgency n. 緊急
單句語(yǔ)法填空
（1）Lawyers will urge the parents _____________（take） further legal action.
（2）Dr. King’s office responds to all emergencies and _____________（urge） calls.
（3）They urged that the gym _________________（keep）open during the work time.
完成句子
（4）My father urged that I _______________________________________（申請(qǐng)一份工作） rather than sit around doing nothing.
to take
urgent
（should）be kept　
（should） apply for a job
The book also gives dozens of other examples of eradication programmes that did nothing to reduce the problems they were originally designed to solve. 書中還講了幾十個(gè)其他滅除計(jì)劃的案例，都未能像預(yù)期那樣解決問(wèn)題。
dozen number 一打（12 個(gè)）；許多
（ 1）dozen 前有具體數(shù)字或a，many，several等修飾時(shí)，dozen用單數(shù)。
three dozen eggs三打雞蛋
（ 2）dozen所修飾的名詞是 these 或代詞時(shí)，dozen 后加 of。
three dozen of these eggs三打這種雞蛋
（3）dozens of 幾十個(gè)；很多　by the dozen 按打計(jì)算；成打的
完成句子
（1）He ordered _______________________（一打）their best red roses.
（2）Eggs are ________________________　（按打賣）.
（3）I’ve spoken to him __________________________（很多次），but I still don’t know his name!
a dozen of
sold by the dozen
dozens of times
Silent Spring was therefore regarded as a milestone in the launch of the green movement in the Western world. 《寂靜的春天》因此被視為西方發(fā)起綠色運(yùn)動(dòng)的里程碑。
launch n. 推出，發(fā)起　v. 發(fā)動(dòng)，發(fā)起；推出（新產(chǎn)品）；發(fā)射
The launch was delayed by a technical hitch. 發(fā)射因技術(shù)上出現(xiàn)故障而被延期了。
We have got good media coverage for the launch of the new model. 我們的新型產(chǎn)品投放市場(chǎng)得到了媒體的有利報(bào)道。
The police have launched an investigation into the incident. 警方已經(jīng)開始對(duì)此事件進(jìn)行調(diào)查。
The company researched the market demand and decided to launch their new product. 這家公司調(diào)查了市場(chǎng)需求，決定推出他們的新產(chǎn)品。
單句語(yǔ)法填空
（1）The people all over the country are excited about the success in _____________（launch） a new satellite.
完成句子
（2）The company’s spending has also risen following__________________（……的推出）a new Sunday magazine.
（3）We _______________________________（發(fā)起了一場(chǎng)廣告運(yùn)動(dòng)）to promote our new toothpaste.
launching
the launch of
launched an advertising campaign
Some also said that her work was more emotional than scientific.
還有一些人說(shuō)她的作品過(guò)于情感化，科學(xué)性并不強(qiáng)。
more + 形容詞/ 名詞 + than + 形容詞/ 名詞
表示“與其說(shuō)……倒不如說(shuō)……”，肯定前者，否定后者。
He is more nervous than shy. 與其說(shuō)他害羞，倒不如說(shuō)他緊張。
He is more a poet than a king. 與其說(shuō)他是一個(gè)國(guó)王，倒不如說(shuō)他是一個(gè)詩(shī)人。
【歸納拓展】
more than 超過(guò)，多于；非常，十分；不只是，不僅僅是
not more than 不超過(guò)，至多　　　 no more than 僅僅，只有
He has no more than three shirts. 他只有三件襯衫。
He has not more than three shirts. 他最多有三件襯衫。
完成句子
（1）與其說(shuō)杰克傻，不如說(shuō)他誠(chéng)實(shí)。
Jack is _______________________________________.
（2）Mr Smith is____________________________（與其說(shuō)是老師，倒不如說(shuō)是朋友），so I am _____________（十分）thankful to him.
（3）He is __________________________（只不過(guò)）an ordinary English teacher.
（4）We can learn __________________________（至多）twenty new words this week.
more honest than silly
more a friend than a teacher
more than
no more than
not more than
These were attempts to damage Carson’s reputation and stop her work from influencing public policy... 他們想要通過(guò)破壞卡森的名聲來(lái)削減她的作品對(duì)公共政策的影響……
reputation n. 名譽(yù)，名望
have a reputation for 以……著稱
enjoy a reputation 享有名聲
earn/win a reputation 贏得聲譽(yù)
build a reputation 樹立名聲
damage/ruin one’s reputation 損害/ 毀壞某人的名聲
live up to one’s reputation 名副其實(shí)
She has a reputation for being positive and enthusiastic.她以積極熱情著稱。
The head of our department enjoys a good reputation in our college. 我們的系主任在我們大學(xué)里享有很好的聲譽(yù)。
易混詞 辨 析 一言辨異
reputation 可指好名聲，也可指壞名聲，強(qiáng)調(diào)人們心目中的印象 She went to Hollywood in search of fame and fortune，but earned a bad reputation. 她為追逐名利去了好萊塢，但得到了不好的名聲。
fame 僅指好名聲，強(qiáng)調(diào)較高的知名度 單句語(yǔ)法填空
（1）The company has a worldwide reputation_____________ quality.
（2）His reputation _______________ （destroy） when he was caught stealing some money.
完成句子
（3）Tu Youyou ____________________________________（因……贏得好聲譽(yù)）her contribution to medicine.
（4） He really __________________________（名副其實(shí)） as a “walking dictionary”.
（5）The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients，so he ____________________________（有很好的名聲）.
（6）The Chinese cuisine culture has ________________________________（享有良好的聲譽(yù)）all over the world.
for
was destroyed
has earned/won a good reputation for
lives up to his reputation
has a very good reputation
enjoyed a good reputation
...but she remained determined to stand by her research.
……但卡森仍然堅(jiān)持自己的研究。
stand by 堅(jiān)持；支持；袖手旁觀
I stand by what I said earlier. 我堅(jiān)持早先說(shuō)的話。
He is the sort of person who will always stand by a friend.他是那種永遠(yuǎn)忠實(shí)于朋友的人。
How can you stand by and let him treat his dog like that 他那樣對(duì)待他那只狗，你怎么能袖手旁觀呢？
【歸納拓展】
stand for 代表；主張 　 　stand out 顯眼，突出；出色
stand up 站立，站起　　　stand against 靠……站立/ 豎放；反對(duì)
What does ATM stand for ATM 代表什么？
His height makes him stand out in the crowd.他的身高使他在人群中很顯眼。
單句語(yǔ)法填空
（1）We can’t stand _____________ while so many people starve.
（2）Each star on the flag of the United States stands _____________ a state of the nation.
（3）The English letters stand _____________ well against the dark background.
（4）The ladder stood _____________ the wall，making it easy for thieves to enter the house.
by
for
out
against
Writing
02
Writing a poem about nature
Read the poems and tick the correct box(es) for each question.
□ Learning to learn
Rhyme is a typical feature of English poetry . A rhyme is a repetition of similar sounds（or the same sound）in two or more words. Children’s poems， called “nursery rhymes”，usually contain strong rhymes so they are easy to be remembered. In modern poetry，however，features other than rhyme are more important. Lines of modern poetry can be of variable length，the shape of the words on the page is more important，and rhyme is not often used.
Think about words and expressions related to nature and add them to the mind map.
sea：lots of fish，turtles，whales，sharks，dolphins，corals，seaweeds，crabs，etc.
mountains：tigers，wolves，foxes，bears，herbs，etc.
rainforest：birds，reptiles，etc.
grassland：lions，horses，antelopes，rabbits，snakes，elephants，etc.
lakes：lotuses，shrimps，clams，etc.
Work in pairs. Plan a poem. Consider the following：
what your poem will be about
what kind of poem you are going to write
what figures of speech you will use
what words you can use for that rhyme（if using rhyme）
Now write your poem.
There once was a boy who thought，
He could eat all the sweets he had bought.
He gobbled them down,
Then started to frown,
Cause he’d eaten more than he ought.
Work in pairs. Make improvements to each other’s poems and share them with the class.
Now discuss the similarities and differences between Chinese and English poems.
Presenting
ideas
03
Work in groups. Share with each other a book about nature you have read. Consider the following：
Now plan your own book about nature based on your research. Think about the questions and make notes.
What is the theme of your book
____________________________________________________________________________
What is the genre of your book
____________________________________________________________________________
What content will you include in your book
____________________________________________________________________________
What makes your book interesting
____________________________________________________________________________
Discuss how many chapters the book will have and make a brief table of contents.
Table of Contents
Chapter One ________________________________________
Chapter Two ________________________________________
Chapter Three ________________________________________
Chapter Four________________________________________
Think of a catchy title for your book and design a book cover if possible.
Prepare a short introduction to the book. Consider the following：
1 the structure of your introduction
2 useful words，expressions and structures
Give your introduction to the class. Vote for the most creative book
about nature.
Review language points.
Write your own award speech of about 100 words.
Try to write a poem about nature.
THANKS FOR WATCHING

展開更多......

收起↑