資源簡介

(共30張PPT)
Unit 3
War and peace
Using language
Subject-verb agreement(1)
BY MICHELLE
Grammar
01
Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
In which sentence does the word “enemy” refer to different members Is it followed by a singular verb or plural verb
a Your enemy is well trained, well equipped and battle-hardened…
b The enemy were hiding, ready to attack the Allied soldiers…
c …people were coming together for memorial ceremonies.
In sentence (b), the word “enemy” refers to different members.
It is followed by a plural verb.
Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
a Your enemy is well trained, well equipped and battle-hardened…
b The enemy were hiding, ready to attack the Allied soldiers…
c …people were coming together for memorial ceremonies.
In which sentence does the word “enemy” refer to a single unit Is it followed by a singular verb or plural verb Do you know any other similar nouns
In sentence (a), the word “enemy” refers to a single unit.
It is followed by a singular verb.
Other similar nouns are family, team, class, crowd, government, etc.
Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
Is the word “people” usually followed by a singular verb or plural verb Do you know any other similar nouns
a Your enemy is well trained, well equipped and battle-hardened…
b The enemy were hiding, ready to attack the Allied soldiers…
c …people were coming together for memorial ceremonies.
The word “people” is usually followed by a plural verb.
Other similar nouns are police, cattle, etc.
Now look for more sentences following this rule in the reading passage, and summaries the use of subject-verb agreement in your own words.
Meanwhile, thousands more were journeying across the English Channel to Normandy.
thousands more 在這里指的是上文提到的成千上萬的士兵，故謂語動詞用復數。
Their objective was clear: to reach the Normandy beaches along about 80 kilometres of French coastline.
指所有人的共同目標
Two were killed; three were injured.
指士兵數量
By the end of August 1944, … Paris was liberated and the Germans had been removed from north-west France.
指巴黎整體這個城市
概念：主謂一致是指謂語動詞在人稱和數上要與主語保持一致。
原則：主謂一致主要遵循三個原則，即意義一致原則、語法一致原則和就近一致原則。
意義一致原則是指從意義層面上來解決主謂一致問題。
有時主語形式是單數，但表達復數意義，那么謂語動詞要用復數形式；而有時主語形式是復數，但表達單數意義，那么謂語動詞要用單數形式。
Collective nouns are names for a collection or a number of people or things.
集體名詞表示由個體組成的集體，指一群人或某一事物的總稱。
What are collective nouns
集體名詞作主語時謂語的單復數問題，可以歸納為三類：
有的集體名詞通常表示復數含義，作主語時謂語常用復數形式， 比如police, people, cattle等。
The police were after him.
People are beginning to talk about her.
Cattle feed on grass.
2. 有的集體名詞通常只用作不可數名詞，表示單數意義，用作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式，比如clothing, baggage, poetry, luggage, furniture, machinery, scenery, jewellery, equipment等。
Our clothing protects us against the cold.
All their luggage was stolen.
The furniture is convenient to move.
All the machinery in the factory is made in China.
3. 有的集體名詞作主語時，謂語動詞可用單數形式，也可用復數形式。若視為整體，謂語動詞用單數形式；強調集體中各個成員時，謂語動詞用復數；比如family, team, class, crowd, government, staff, club, committee, audience, public等。
Her family is a large one.
Her family are all tall.
The team is the best in the league.
The football team are having a meeting.
在有些特定語境下，集體名詞作主語時謂語動詞用單數形式、復數形式均可。
The audience was/were very excited by the show.
The public has/have a right to know what is in the report.
Translation
警察在追捕他。
The police are after him.
人們開始談論她。
People are beginning to talk about her.
牛以草為食。
Cattle feed on grass.
我們的衣服 (clothing)可以御寒。
Our clothing protects us against the cold.
他們所有的行李都被偷了。
All their luggage was stolen.
Translation
她的家庭是一個大家族。
Her family is a large one.
她的家人都很高。
Her family are all tall.
這個隊是聯賽中最好的。
The team is the best in the league.
足球隊隊員們正在開會。
The football team are having a meeting.
觀眾對演出甚感激動。
The audience was/were very excited by the show.
公眾有權知道這篇報告的內容。
The public has/have a right to know what is the report.
Correct any mistakes in these sentences or put a √ in the square brackets if they are correct.
are
√
is
uniforms
√
is
Complete the film review with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
kills
decides
is
are
love
Write a short review of a film you have seen on the theme of war. Pay attention to subject-verb agreement.
Sacrifice
The Eight Hundred
Assembly
Assembly opens with a smoke-filled，bullet-ridden scene that seems to grab the audience’s breath at every turn. While waiting for the rally call to be sounded，Gu Zidi and his brothers fight bravely against the enemy，finally leaving him alone. The first half of the story is a wonderful combination of intense battle scenes and the second half of the story is a wonderful combination of the minds of those returning from the battlefield.
Listening&
Speaking
02
The road to peace
Did You Know
Among the many horrors inflicted on humanity by the Second World War was the massive bombing of civilians, often referred to as “terror bombing”. The purpose of doing this was to destroy the morale of ordinary people and stop them from supporting the war effort. The Japanese used terror bombing in China, especially in Chongqing, which they bombed more than 200 times over the duration of five and a half years (1938-1943), killing thousands of Chinese civilians.
Listen to the interview and answer the questions.
1　Who is being interviewed
2　What is the relationship between the two interviewees
3　What are they talking about
Gao Ming and Gao Li.
Brother and sister.
They are talking about the five-year terror bombing campaign by Japanese forces in Chongqing during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.
First memories of the Chongqing bombing
Gao Li：1 　　　　 years old；remembers the house 2 　　　　 and saw 3__________________ 　　　　
Gao Ming：4 　　　　　years old；the first thing he remembers was 5 　　　　　　； went out on the street 6 　　　　；first felt fascinated then 7 _______________ 　　　　
The most terrible experience
Gao Li：happened on 8 　　　　　　　；stayed in 9 　　　　　　 and waited for 10 ______　　　　 in there；house destroyed and 11 　　　　　　　　killed
Influence of bombing
Gao Ming：felt sad but bombing didn’t destroy 12 ___________________　　　　
Gao Li：13 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 soldiers went to the front；Chongqing became known as the 14_______________ 　　　　
Remembrance today
Gao Ming：the air raid warning mourns 15 　　　　　　， and reminds us to 16 ____________________________________　　　　
Listen again and complete the interviewer’s notes.
eight/8
shook
fires in the distance
eleven/11
the bombing planes
to watch
scared
5 June 1941
the basement
five hours
over 4，000 people
our fighting spirit
around 960，000 of the city’s
“city of heroes”
those we lost
cherish the peace we enjoy today
Complete the boxes with the expressions from the interview.
Expressing sympathy Talking about memories
That must be terrible for… I can only imagine how it must have felt. I’m sorry to hear that. I feel sad for… I remember…
The first thing I remember was…
I’ll never forget…
Vocabulary
Building
03
Read the introduction to UN peacekeeping and answer the questions. Pay attention to the words and expressions in bold.
The cruelty of war is reason enough to do everything we can to prevent it. This is the motivation behind the United Nation’s many peacekeeping missions. Peacekeepers monitor the peace process in areas that have experienced friction and civil wars，making sure that previously warring parties keep to their agreements. They work to disarm combatants and to secure weapons and ammunition，removing them from use. These measures aim to give stability to conflict zones and allow governments to reestablish authority. China is playing an increasingly important role in UN peacekeeping and it has trained 8，000 troops who are kept on standby for UN missions. Chinese peacekeeping forces are highly-valued in conflict zones and have received praise for their professionalism .
1　What is the significance of UN peacekeeping missions
UN peacekeeping missions aim to give stability to conflict zones and allow governments to reestablish authority.
2　What role is China playing in UN peacekeeping
China is playing an increasingly important role in UN peacekeeping and it has trained 8，000 troops who are kept on standby for UN missions.
Complete the fact file about UN’s peacekeeping mission in Liberia with the correct form of the words and expressions in Activity 8.
civil wars
peacekeeping mission
peace process
conflict zones
peacekeeping forces
reestablished
Find out about someone’s experiences in war. Act out an interview based on the information you have found. Use the words and expressions in this section.
Write a short review of a film you have seen on the theme of war. Pay attention to subject-verb agreement when using the words like team, enemy, people, the public etc.
THANKS FOR WATCHING

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