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(共50張PPT)
Unit 4
A glimpse of the future
Starting out & Understanding ideas
BY MICHELLE
Starting out
01
Watch the video and answer the questions.
What predictions about the future were made Were they correct
What is your understanding of “the future has unlimited possibilities”
What predictions about the future were made Were they correct
Flying machines
Perpetual light
The atom bomb
Organ transplantation
A world market for maybe five computers
Nuclear-powered vacuum cleaners
Space station
What is your understanding of “the future has unlimited possibilities”
There is no unexpected, only can not do.
Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
Have you watched any of these films What stories do they tell about the future of our world
Do you think the events in these films could come true What do you think the world will be like in the future
Interstellar
Earth is coming to an end through disasters, famines and droughts. A team of astronauts board a spaceship, travelling through a newly discovered wormhole to find another planet that may have the right environment for humans to settle.
Avatar
This film is set in the 22nd century. Earth is suffering a severe energy crisis. Scientists have found another planet called Pandora, which is inhabited by the Na'vi. It is rich in natural resources, yet its atmosphere is poisonous to humans. To explore Pandora and exploit its resources, scientists use a new technology , creating “avatars" operated by genetically matched humans.
Ready player one
This film is set in the year 2045, when the real world is a harsh place. Many people escape reality by spending their days in a virtual reality universe called OASIS, where one can go anywhere, do anything or be anyone.
WALL·E
In this film, humans abandon Earth because there is too much rubbish on it, leaving behind some robots to do the cleaning up. Over time, the robots break down one by one, until WALL·E is the only robot left working on Earth. One day, he meets another robot from space which has returned to Earth. In the end, they find a way to save the planet.
Do you think the events in these films could come true What do you think the world will be like in the future
Understanding
ideas
02
Lead in
Where can AI be used in our lives？
food delivered robot
vacuum cleaner
face recognition
smart phone
entertainment
transportation
education
security
medicine
economy&finance
...
tourism
Pre-reading
Read the facts about AI and answer the questions.
What can you learn from the timeline
From the timeline，we can learn that AI technology has developed greatly，and can now outperform humans in some aspects.
Are you concerned about developments in AI Why or why not
How do you think AI will develop in the future
Read the passage to see if it changes your opinion on the future of AI. If so, in what ways
Artificial Intelligence:
A REAL THREAT
While-reading
Skim the passage and predict the main idea.
A. Three views on AI in
a forum
B. The greatest human
achievement
C. The biggest threat
D. Self-driving cars
Read for structure
Technology of tomorrow forum discussion
Discussion topic: Is AI our greatest human achievement so far Or is it the biggest threat to our existence
Opinions and attitudes from the posts by three netizens.
Millenniumbutterfly
(千禧蝶)
para. 1-2
Popkid
(小破孩)
para. 3-5
Pink_haze
(粉紅_煙霧)
para. 6-7
Read the opinions and match them to the persons. Talk about the opinion you agree with.
We all need to learn to live with AI technology whether we like it or are concerned about it. We cannot stop the march of progress.
I admit that more advanced AI could be helpful in solving the world’s problems, but there is a high level of risk involved.
I can’t understand why some people worry so much. I hope more breakthroughs in AI will be made soon, so that we can enjoy more and more convenience.
Read for details
What did Stephen Hawking mean when he said that AI will be “either the best, or the worst thing, ever to happen to humanity”
He meant that AI could bring us incredible benefits, but only if the technology is managed properly. If we do not manage the technology properly, it could result in human extinction.
What is the function of the words of Stephen Hawking
A. To introduce the topic.
B. To express the purpose.
C. To give the background.
D. To put forward the question.
Artificial intelligence will be “either the best, or the worst thing ever to happen to humanity”.
---Stephen Hawking
para. 1-2
What is Millenniumbutterfly’s attitude to AI
A. Negative. B. Critical. C. Objective. D. Positive
Thanks to AI, I`ve got my own super-smart personal assistant built into my phone. She always has an immediate answer for any question I put to her , and even uses my answers to learn more about my preferences.
Speaking of hanging out, I `m hoping that self-driving cars are available soon. Self-driving cars can learn to drive in the same way that we do, and can make judgements based on information. As they won`t be susceptible to human error, they`ll certainly be a lot safer.
para. 3-5
What is Popkid’s attitude to AI
A. Negative. B. Critical. C. Objective. D. Positive
What are the functions of a more advanced form of AI
It is capable of exercising its own judgement and could help us solve many of the world’s problems.
para. 6-7
What does the word “it” mean in the sentence “My AI did it!” in the last paragraph
A. The breakdown of AI.
B. The biggest leap forward.
C. The benefits brought by AI.
D. The illegal or immoral behaviour.
What is Pink_haze’s attitude to AI
A. Negative. B. Critical. C. Objective. D. Positive
Organise information from the passage and complete the diagram.
AI can make driving safer.
AI can make doing day-to-day things a lot easier.
AI can solve problems
Jobs are at risk due to AI.
AI could be dangerous
Now come up with more ideas for each point of view and share them with the class.
Post-reading
1 What did Stephen Hawking mean when he said that AI will be “either the best， or the worst thing，ever to happen to humanity”
He meant that AI could bring us incredible benefits，but only if the technology is managed properly. If we do not manage the technology properly，it could result in human extinction.
2 Do you use AI in your daily life What other roles can AI play in people’s lives
Yes. AI has been used in our daily life，helping us clean the room， controlling some electronic devices or even taking care of the old. AI has also been used in many other fields， like industry，finance and so on.
3 How does the diagram help you better understand the passage
The diagram clearly displays two different opinions about AI.
Language
points
03
...artificial intelligence will be“either the best，or the worst thing，ever to happen to humanity”.……人工智能將是“人類有史以來最好或最壞的事情”。
happen to
（1）（偶然）發生（to 是介詞）
I hope nothing has happened to them. 我希望他們沒出事。
（2）碰巧（不用于進行時，to 是不定式符號，后接動詞原形）
Children will play wherever they happen to be.小孩子走到哪里玩到哪里。
【歸納拓展】
（ 1）It happens that... 碰巧……，恰好……（= Sb. happens to do...=As it happens，...）
It happened that I was out when he came.=I happened to be out when he came.=As it happened，I was out when he came.他來的時候我碰巧出去了。
（ 2）There happened to be...碰巧有……
There happened to be a taxi parked at the gate.碰巧門口停著一輛出租車。
單句語法填空
（1）As John Lennon once said，life is what happen ________ you while you are busy making other plans.
（2）Do you happen ______________（know） what’s on after the news
（3）___________ it happens，I know someone who might be able to help.
（4）It is lucky that when the explosion occurred，there happened _________ （be） nobody in the house.
完成句子
（5）Whatever _____________（發生） you，please keep calm.
（6）______________（碰巧）he had a mobile phone similar to the one I lost.
=He __________________（碰巧有） a mobile phone similar to the one I lost.
to
to know
As
to be
happens to
It happened that
happened to have
Is it our greatest human achievement so far 到目前為止，它是我們人類最偉大的成就嗎
so far 到目前為止，迄今為止（常與現在完成時連用）
I haven’t got used to his London accent so far.
So far no one has claimed responsibility for the attacks.
【歸納拓展】
up to now/until now 到目前為止（常與現在完成時連用）
as/so far as... 遠至……，一直到……
as/so far as I know/I can remember/I can see據我所知/ 據我所記得的/ 依我看
單句語法填空
（1）I ______________（learn）to solve this kind of problems so far.
（2）Up to now，the programme ______________（ help）thousands of children.
完成句子
（3）__________________（依我看），there is only one possible way to keep away from danger.
have learned
has helped
As far as I can see
It used to feel like 50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restaurants. 過去，我覺得自己有50% 的時間花在了研究新餐廳上。
used to do sth. 過去常常做某事，曾經做過某事（現在不再做）
The designer used to overlook some small details like that.
I used to be very confused with my identity，but now all the problems have been solved.
【歸納拓展】
（1）be/get used to（doing）sth. 習慣于（做）某事（to 是介詞）
People were so used to his devotion to the company that they didn’t expect him to resign. 大家習慣了他對公司的忠誠，所以他們沒有想到他會辭職。
（2）be used to do sth. 被用來做某事（被動語態）
Some plastic waste can be used to make beautiful items.一些塑料垃圾可以用來做漂亮的物品。
單句語法填空
（1）His novel is about a person who used to_________（hunt） illegally and served three years in prison.
（2）She is used to ___________（recycle） waste and would not like to switch her job.
（3）New technology is used __________（make）our lives better，not to destroy the planet.
完成句子
（4）The girl _______________（以前很害羞），but is gradually getting active in group work.
（5）She has ________________（習慣）her daughter’s style of dress.
hunt
recycling
to make
used to be shy
got/been used to
In contrast，my PA only needs a few seconds to find the right place. 相比之下，有了私人助手，只需數秒就能找到正確的餐廳了。
in contrast 相比之下（= by contrast）
In/By contrast，Mrs. Young was much more outspoken.相比之下，楊夫人坦率多了。
【歸納拓展】
in contrast to / with 與……形成對比
In contrast to his brother，he is always considerate towards others.
與他的兄弟不同，他總是體貼他人。
單句語法填空
（1）My haircut，______________ contrast，seems old-fashioned.
（2）In contrast ______________ his wife，Bush has little appetite for foreign travel.
完成句子
（3）Their old house had been large and spacious，but ______________　（相比之下），their new flat seemed small and dark.
in/by
to/with
in/by contrast
And speaking of hanging out，I’m hoping that self-driving cars are available soon. 說到出去玩，我希望自動駕駛汽車能很快面世。
hang out 閑逛
Many fashionable young people go there to shop or just hang out.
There was nothing special last night. Just hung out with friends.
【歸納拓展】
hang about / around（在某處）閑逛，閑蕩
hang about / around with sb. 跟某人廝混
hang on 緊緊抓住；別掛電話；堅持，不放棄
hang on to sth. 緊緊抓住某物　　　
hang up 掛斷電話
There were some kids hanging about in the street.街上有幾個孩子在閑逛。
Hang on to the rope and don’t let go. 抓緊繩子，不要松手。
單句語法填空
（1）Maybe it’s your grandma or the guy you hung out _________at your job at the mall that day.
（2）Hang ________ for a moment! He is coming.
（3）Hang on _________ your aim until you make a breakthrough.
（4）Hang _________，and you will succeed sooner or later.
（5）Someone called me up last night，but he hung _________ before I could answer it.
with　
on
to
on　
up
And speaking of hanging out，I’m hoping that self-driving cars are available soon. 說到出去玩，我希望自動駕駛汽車能很快面世。
【句式分析】speaking of hanging out是現在分詞的獨立成分作狀語。
現在分詞的獨立成分作狀語
有些現在分詞（短語）作狀語時，沒有邏輯主語而獨立存在，作為句子的獨立成分來修飾全句。
generally speaking 一般來說 roughly speaking 粗略地說
strictly speaking 嚴格地說 judging from/by 由……判斷
considering... 考慮到…… speaking of... 談到……
taking all things into consideration 從各方面考慮
Generally speaking，children are naturally curious.一般說來，孩子天生好奇。
【歸納拓展】
不定式短語可用作獨立成分：
to tell you the truth 說實話 to be honest 說實話
to be frank 坦率地說 to be brief 簡言之
to be sure 不可否認；誠然，固然 to sum up 概括地說
to be exact 確切地說 to begin/start with 首先
to make matters worse 更糟糕的是
To tell you the truth，I don’t like the leading actress in the movie.
說實話，我不喜歡這部影片中的女主角。
單句語法填空
（1）And ___________（talk） of college，improving your language skills might help you get into choice colleges.
（2）___________（judge） from the number of the cars，only a small number of people have attended the meeting.
（3）_________（be）honest，I was surprised he knew where I was—we moved so often.
（4）______________（consider）the budget，we have decided to give up the travel plan.
完成句子
（5）____________（坦率地說），I don’t like this job. I’m afraid I’ll achieve nothing if I keep on working like this.
（6）___________________________（更糟糕的是），sometimes we feel guilty for feeling depressed.
（7）It was difficult，____________（固然），but somehow we managed to finish the job.
talking
Judging
To be
Considering　
To be frank
To make matters worse
to be sure
And as they won’t be susceptible to human error，they’ll certainly be a lot safer. 而且由于它們不會受到人為錯誤的影響，肯定會安全得多。
susceptible adj. 易受影響的
搭配：be susceptible to 易受……的影響
susceptible patients 易感病人
He’s highly susceptible to flattery. 他愛聽恭維話。
Some of these plants are more susceptible to frost damage than others.
這些植物中有一些較其他的易受霜凍危害。
單句語法填空
（1）Those who are most susceptible ______________the disease had better stay at home.
完成句子
（2）If you ________________（易受……的影響） the effects of caffeine，just small amounts may lead to unwanted effects.
to
are susceptible to
If not，it might wipe us all out! 如果不這樣的話，它可能會掃清我們所有人!
wipe out 消滅，徹底摧毀；去除，抹去
The whole village was wiped out by the floods.整個村莊都被洪水沖毀了。
Nothing could wipe out his bitter memories of the past.
什么也抹不掉他過去痛苦的記憶。
【歸納拓展】
wipe...with... 用……擦……　　 wipe...on... 在……上擦……
wipe away 擦掉；抹去　 　　　wipe...from/off... 從……擦去……
單句語法填空
（1）A volcanic eruption nearly wiped ______________the small island of Montserrat in 1997.
（2）Hearing the bad news，she wiped her eyes ______________ a tissue.
（3）He wiped his hands ______________ his blue apron.
（4）He wiped ______________ the girl’s tears.
（5）He wiped the sweat ______________ his forehead.
out
with
on
away
from/off
Nearly every job is potentially at risk in the long run. 長此以往，幾乎所有工作都可能處于潛在危險之中。
potentially adv. 潛在地，可能地
Clearly this is a potentially dangerous situation.顯然這是一種具有潛在危險的局勢。
【單詞積累】
potential adj. 潛在的，可能的　n. 可能性；潛力
achieve/fulfill/realise one’s（full）potential 發揮某人的（全部）潛力
have the potential to do sth. 有潛力做某事
We are aware of the potential problems and have taken measures.
我們已經意識到潛在的問題，并采取了措施。
單句語法填空
（1）They are ______________（potential） harmful to the consumer of the plant.
（2）He has the potential ______________（become）a world-class musician.
完成句子
（3）With the college entrance examination approaching，the teacher encouraged us__________________________________________（發揮我們的全部潛力）.
potentially
to become
to achieve/fulfill/realise our full potential
I believe most of the value of AI lies in its capacity to analyse and interpret vast amounts of data... 我認為人工智能的大部分價值在于它分析和解析龐大數據的能力……
lie in 在于；位于
The difficulty lies in providing sufficient evidence.
The workshop lies in the suburb of this city.
【歸納拓展】
lie down 躺下 　　lie in bed 臥床
lie on one’s back/side/stomach 仰臥 / 側臥/ 俯臥
lie still / awake 一動不動地躺著 / 躺著睡不著
lie to sb. about sth. 在某事上對某人說謊
單句語法填空
（1）The value of diamond lies _________ its hardness.
（2）I think I shall lie ___________ for an hour.
（3）As long as he lie _________bed，he’ll fall asleep instantly.
完成句子
（4）In fact，the key to easy morning wake-up__________（在于）resetting your body clock.
（5）As a consequence of his mother’s poor health，he ______________（躺著睡不著）all night.
in
down
in　
lies in
lay awake
I believe most of the value of AI lies in its capacity to analyse and interpret vast amounts of data... 我認為人工智能的大部分價值在于它分析和解析龐大數據的能力……
capacity n. 能力，才能；容量；容納人數
搭配：a capacity to do sth. / for （doing）sth.（做）某事的能力
a capacity to learn/for learning languages 學習語言的能力
The fuel tank has a capacity of 40 litres. 這個油箱能裝 40升油。
She has a great capacity for hard work. 她特別能吃苦耐勞。
The hall was filled to capacity （=was completely full）.大廳內座無虛席。
【單詞積累】
capable adj. 有能力的；能干的 be capable of doing sth. 有能力做某事
She’s a very capable teacher. 她是一位能力很強的教師。
The program is capable of calculating our budget for the year.這個程序能計算出我們的年度預算。
單句語法填空
（1）Our capacity ______________ giving care，love and attention is limited.
（2）The theatre has a seating ______________（capable）of 2，000.
（3）I’m perfectly capable of ______________ （do）it myself，thank you.
完成句子
（4）Limited resources are restricting________________________________（我們研發……的能力） new products.
for　
capacity
doing　
our capacity for developing/to develop
We have no choice but to embrace it and regulate it. 我們別無選擇，只能接受它并加以規范。
but 后接動詞不定式作賓語
在介詞but 之前如果有實義動詞do 的某種形式，則其后的不定式不帶to；但如果 but 之前沒有實義動詞do 的某種形式，則其后的不定式一般要帶 to。助記：前有do，后無to；前無do，后有to。
常見的結構有：
have no choice but to do sth. 別無選擇，只能做某事
do nothing but do sth. 只是做某事
have nothing to do but do sth. 無事可做，只能做某事
there is nothing to do but do sth. 無事可做，只能做某事
I have no choice but to accept the challenge.我別無選擇，只能接受挑戰。
He did nothing but complain. 他什么也不做，只是抱怨。
He had nothing to do but watch TV.他除了看電視外無事可做。
單句語法填空
（1）The criminal had no choice but __________（tell） the truth of his crime.
（2）Mary could do nothing but __________（rely）on other people to solve the problem.
完成句子
（3）Many people in the city ________________________（除了看……別無選擇）all buildings fall down in the earthquake.
（4）_______________________（無事可做）but clean the house yesterday.
to tell　
rely
had no choice but to see　
There was nothing to do
One thing I think we all agree on，though，is that saying “My AI did it! ”won’t be any excuse for illegal or immoral behaviour! 不過，我想大家都認可的一點就是，“這是我的人工智能做的!”這句話不會成為非法行為或不道德行為的任何借口!
agree on 就……取得一致意見（主語是雙方或多方）
【歸納拓展】
（1）agree with 同意某人的意見；（氣候、食物等）適合；與……一致
I agree with her analysis of the situation. 我贊成她對形勢的分析。
Strawberries don’t agree with me. 我吃草莓會不舒服。
Your account of the accident doesn’t agree with hers.
（2）agree to the plan / arrangement / proposal 同意計劃 / 安排 / 提議
All things considered，I agree to your proposal.
（3）agree to do sth. 同意做某事
She agreed to let me go early. 她同意讓我早走。
單句語法填空
（1）They managed to agree ______________ a date for the wedding.
（2）If she felt he was right，she would agree______________ him.
（3）Do you think he will agree ______________ our suggestion
（4）My family have agreed ____________（spend）the holiday in the North.
完成句子
（5）Jay phoned me this morning，and we _____________（就……取得一致意見）a time and place to meet.
（6）You look well. The air and the seafood in Sanya must ______________（適合）you，I suppose.
（7）Make sure each group member understands and ______________（同意） the plan you have made.
on　
with
to
to spend
agreed on
agree with
agrees to
One thing I think we all agree on，though，is that saying “My AI did it! ”won’t be any excuse for illegal or immoral behaviour! 不過，我想大家都認可的一點就是，“這是我的人工智能做的!”這句話不會成為非法行為或不道德行為的任何借口!
illegal adj. 非法的，違法的
句式：It is illegal（for sb.） to do sth.（對某人來說）做某事是違法的。
It is illegal to sell tobacco to someone under 16. 出售煙草給16 歲以下者是違法的。
It all sounds highly illegal. 這聽起來完全不合法。
【單詞積累】
legal adj. 合法的；法律的→ legally adv. 合法地；法律上
illegal adj. → illegally adv. 非法地
單句語法填空
（1）It is ______________（legal）to drive after drinking alcohol.
（2）With no visa，you entered the country______________（illegal）.
（3）It is illegal for you ______________ （do） so，for the land belongs ______________ （legal） to the government.
illegal
illegally
to do
legally
Review language points.
Do you use AI in your daily life What other roles can AI play in people’s lives Think about it, write down your opinion and form an essay with 100 words.
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