資源簡介

(共45張PPT)
Unit 5
A
delicate
world
Starting out & Understanding ideas
BY MICHELLE
Starting out
Part 01
What is an ecosystem
How many ecosystems do you know
A wonderful serenity has taken possess
A wonderful serenity has taken possess
A wonderful serenity has taken possess
tundra /'t ndr / 凍原
glassland 溫帶草原（接近苔原）
steppe 溫帶草原（樹少的）
taiga /'ta ɡ / 北方針葉林
prairie / pre ri/ 北美草原
intertidal zone / nt 'ta d l/潮間帶
savannah /s 'v n / 熱帶草原
desert / dez t/ 沙漠
subtidal zone /s b'ta dl/ 潮下帶
A wonderful serenity has taken possess
A wonderful serenity has taken possess
A wonderful serenity has taken possess
continental shelf 大陸架
tropical rain forests 熱帶雨林
wetlands 濕地
deep ocean zone 深海區
Artic ice packs 北極浮冰
estuary / estju ri/ 港灣
temperate rain forests 溫帶雨林
marine mud flat 海洋泥灘
deciduous forests 落葉森林
Watch the video and answer the questions.
Are humans part of Earth’s ecosystems Why
In what ways can humans affect ecosystems
Are humans part of Earth’s ecosystems Why
It’s vital for our human beings to take action to protect our Earth.
Yes! Humans are part of Earth’s ecosystem.
We should be in harmony with our environment.
Because all the living things live in ecosystems and people are living things.
In what ways can humans affect ecosystems
Positive: people can plant trees, feed and protect animals, recycle things and so on.
Negative: The air and water pollution and excessive waste.
Look at the satellite images.
Aral Sea
Located in Central Asia, between Kazakhstam to the north and Uzbekistan to the south
The fourth largest lake (1960s)
Just four smaller lakes (NOW)
Watch the change of Aral Sea, answer the questions.
What is happening to the area
The water area is shrinking.
The water area will be smaller.
What do you think a later satellite image would show
What do you think caused these changes
The irrigation project
Climate change
Vegetation Damage
...
Understanding ideas
Part 02
Lead in
Look at the picture and answer the questions.
What animals can you see in the picture
What kind of changes would take place if cats, rats and rabbits were introduced to an environment like this
Penguins.
They would hunt the birds and eat the native vegetation, thus upsetting the local ecological balance.
Read the passage and find out what happened to Macquarie Island.
Pre-reading
How much do you know about Macquarie Island
Whie-reading
Look through the passage with the following questions.
Match the paragraph(s) with correct main ideas.
Para.1
Para.2-3
Para.4-5
Para.6
Chaos caused by humans.
The process of preservation.
The introduction of the island.
The author’s mission.
Choose the author’s purpose in writing the passage and give your reasons.
1　To analyse how Macquarie Island was saved from destruction.
2　To inform readers of the chaos caused on Macquarie Island by
humans.
3　To entertain readers with a funny story about what happened on
Macquarie Island.
4　To suggest ways in which an ecosystem can be protected.
In the South-west Pacific ocean , halfway between Australia and Antarctic.
Location
Long and thin shape caused by strong winds and stormy seas.
Shape
Green grass; bare rock; a wild and natural beauty.
Landscape
Royal penguins ; king penguins; elephant seals.
Inhabitants
From what aspects does the writer introduce the island in para. 1
Careful reading
Macquarie Island
UNESCO World Heritage Site
What happened to Macquarie Island before 1970s according to para. 2-3
A tragic story
Humans arrived on the island.
unknowingly
brought
brought
attack
eat
control
develop an appetite
Die out
Meanwhile, rabbits were introduced to the island as a source of food for humans.
multiplied quickly
eat the native vegetation
digging holes
cause soil erosion
more rabbits means more cats
hunting
Fill in the following blanks with information in para.4-5
Time In the 1970s In the 1980s
measures
results
The remaining 10,000 rabbits
The large number of mice and rats
Disastrous results in 2006
Caused some land to collapse
Killed a substantial number of penguins
Remove all the invading species once and for all.
Became an official nature reserve;
A virus was released to control rabbits
Traps and dogs - catch the cats.
Rabbits were reduced to 10,000.
The cats - native birds.
The last cat was caught in 2000.
Rats started to increase.
Read para. 6 with the following questions.
What’s the author’s mission on the island
Remove the last remaining invading species.
How do you understand the sentence “ we human owe it to the island to give it a happy ending.” at the end of the passage
It is humans that have caused great damage to the island and it is our duty to help it return to normal.
What happened to Macquarie Island？
Non-native species introduced to Macquarie Island attacked native birds, and led to a substantial reduction of bird population and even the extinction of parakeets. In addition, non-native species ate and devastated the native vegetation. All of this played a part in upsetting the natural harmony of the island. But now the island’s ecology is on the road to recovery with human efforts.
Organise information from the passage and complete the flow chart.
Talk about how human interference led to such severe consequences for Macquarie Island.
Post-reading
Do you think it was right to eradicate the “pests” from Macquarie Island Give your reasons.
How could similar situations be avoided in the future
What language can you use to talk about cause and effect How would you apply it to your reading and writing
To avoid similar situations in the future, we should protect the natural ecosystem and be aware of the potential impact that human activities can have on ecosystems.
Human
beauty
Summary
chaos
conservation
harmony
Humans broke the balance
of the ecosystem.
Humans tried to conserve the ecosystem.
With our joint efforts, our country is sure to become a more hospitable place. We should live harmoniously with nature.
Language points
Part 03
...existed in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years. 數千年來，……與其自然棲息地完美地和諧共存。
in harmony with 與……和諧；與……一致
【歸納拓展】
live/work in harmony 融洽地生活/ 工作
harmonious adj. 和睦的，融洽的；悅耳的；協調的
◆完成句子
(1) Human life is regarded as part of nature and the only way for us to survive is to___________________________（與自然和諧相處）.
(2)The colours in the room aren’t ___________________________（彼此不協調）.
◆單句語法填空
(3) The sky and the sea make a 　　　　 　（harmony） picture.
live in harmony with nature 　
in harmony with each other 　
harmonious
Meanwhile， rabbits were introduced to the island as a source of food for humans. 與此同時，人們把兔子引進島上作為食物。
introduce...to/into... 把……引入……
【歸納拓展】
introduce oneself （to sb.）（向某人作）自我介紹
introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介紹給某人
【誤區警示】
introduce后不能接雙賓語，即不可以說 introduce sb. sth.。
他給我們介紹了那個新來的人。
He introduced us the newcomer.（×）
He introduced the newcomer to us.（√）
【單詞積累】introduction n. 介紹；引進；序言
◆單句語法填空
(1) Many new methods of teaching have been introduced ________ our school since last year.
(2) He _______________（introduce）to Mr Black at that party yesterday.
(3) She searched for the _____________ （introduce）of yoga on the website.
◆完成句子
(4)Do you know when the potatoes____________________________（被引入中國）
(5) He just walked over and________________________（向我作自我介紹）.
to/into　
was introduced　
introduction　
were introduced to/into China　
introduced himself to me
Loose on the island，they did what rabbits do best—they multiplied rapidly ...由于在島上放任其生存，兔子做了自己最擅長的事——飛快地繁殖……
multiply v. 繁殖；（使）大大增加，（使）倍增；乘，乘以
2+2=4 Two plus/added to two is four.
4-2=2 Four minus two is two./Two subtracted from four is two.
2×2=4 Two times/multiplied by two is four.
4÷2=2 Four divided by two is two.
◆完成句子
(1) It is reported that smoking___________________（大大增加……的風險）heart attacks and other health problems.
(2)During hot summers，the germs_____________________（繁殖得很快），and can produce food poisoning.
◆單句語法填空
(3)Our problems_______________（multiply） since last year.
(4)Ten added________ five makes fifteen.
(5)12 divided_________4 equals 3.
(6)Five______________（multiply）by six is thirty.
(7)If you multiply three__________ six，you’ll get eighteen.
multiplies the risk of　　
multiply quickly/rapidly
have multiplied　
to　　
　by　　
multiplied　　
　by/and
But although the virus caused the rabbit population to decrease from 130，000 to around 10，000...然而，雖然病毒使得兔子的數量從130 000 只降到約10 000 只……
decrease v. & n.
（1）v.（使）變小，（使）減少
decrease（from...）to（從……）減少到……（表示減少的結果）
decrease by 減少了……（表示減少的幅度）
decrease in 在……方面減少
The number of new students decreased（from 1，200） to 900 this year.
今年新生人數（從 1 200）減少到了 900。
The price of wheat has decreased by 5%.
小麥價格降低了 5%。
This species of bird has decreased dramatically in number.
這種鳥的數量已經急劇減少。
But although the virus caused the rabbit population to decrease from 130，000 to around 10，000...然而，雖然病毒使得兔子的數量從130 000 只降到約10 000 只……
decrease v. & n.
（2） n. 減少，減少的量
a decrease in...……的減少
on the decrease 在減少
There has been a decrease in traffic accidents. 交通事故減少了。
The charge for transportation is on the decrease because of lower fuel costs.
由于更低的燃料花費，運輸費用在降低。
【歸納拓展】
increase v. & n. 增加，增長
increase to 增加到……（表示增加的結果）
increase by 增加了……（表示增加的幅度）
increase in 在……方面增加 on the increase 在增加
◆單句語法填空
(1) Traffic accidents _________________（decrease）in frequency over recent years.
(2) The number of independent firms decreased________ 296 ________ 198.
(3) The production cost of this kind of car has decreased ________ ten percent.
(4) The number of people commenting on the matter is ________ the decrease.
(5) The population of the region is ________ the increase year by year. It has increased ______ three million so far.
◆完成句子
(6) To be frank with you，the population in our country is ________________（在減少）.
(7)According to the news agency，the number of people injured in the traffic accident __________________（已經上升到）95.
(9)We aim to ___________________________（將銷售額提高 10%）.
have decreased　
　from to　　　
　by　
　on　
　on　　
to 　　
on the decrease　
has increased to　　
increase sales by 10 percent　
In the 1980 s， traps and dogs were used to catch the cats. 20 世紀80 年代，人們利用捕獵夾和狗來抓貓。
trap n. & v.
（1）n. 夾子，陷阱；圈套；困境
lay/set a trap（for sb./sth.）（給某人 / 某物）設下圈套
fall/walk into a trap 落入圈套
（2）v.（trapped，trapped）困住；使陷入圈套
be trapped in 困在……中；陷入……中
trap sb. into（doing）sth. 誘使某人做某事
◆單句語法填空
(1) Fire officers used cutting equipment to free his legs，which______________ （trap） under a steel beam.
(2)She had been trapped into _______（say）something she did not mean.
(3)The car rolled onto its roof，　　　　　（trap）both men.
◆完成句子
(4) At midnight we finally rescued the tourists who _________________ （被困在）the valley.
(5)By clever questioning they ________________________________ （誘使他說了實話）.
were trapped　　
saying　
were trapped in　　
trapped him into telling the truth　　
trapping　
It turned out that they developed an immunity to the virus ， and their numbers exploded once again. 結果它們對病毒產生了免疫力，它們的數量再次激增。
turn out 結果是，證明是；（大量）出席，參加；制造，生產
【學法點撥】
turn out 作“結果是，證明是；（大量）出席，參加”講時，是不及物動詞詞組，不用于被動語態；作“制造，生產”講時，是及物動詞詞組。
◆完成句子
(1) He got his first book published. It ____________（結果）to be a best-seller.
(2)___________________（原來） she was the PE teacher of my sister.
(3)The whole village_______________（出來）to welcome the hero.
(4) New technologies have made it possible to _____________（生產）new products faster and at a lower cost.
turned out　　
It turned out that　　　
turned out　　
turn out　
This incident made it clear that the rat， mouse and rabbit problem needed solving once and for all.這一事件清楚地表明，大鼠、小鼠和兔子泛濫的問題需要一次徹底的解決。
incident n. 事件；沖突
a small/minor incident 小事件 a major incident 重大事件
a serious incident 嚴重事故 a violent incident 暴力事件
【詞語辨析】incident，accident 與 event
incident 可指小事件，也可指嚴重的、重要的或暴力的事件。
accident 指偶然或意外發生的不幸的事故。
event 尤指重要的事件或大事，也可指比賽項目。
◆選詞填空（incident/accident/event）
(1) The __________ made the listeners burst into laughter.
(2)Neither you nor the driver，I think，has told the truth behind the _______.
(3)The ________ has been put off due to lack of interest.
(4)I didn’t mean to break it—it was an __________.
(5) A youth was seriously injured in a shooting _________on Saturday night.
incident　 　
　accident　
event　 　
accident
incident 　
...but we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending. ……但這是我們人類應該做的，我們虧欠這座島嶼一個美好的結局。
owe v. 應該做；對……負有……的義務；欠（債），欠（賬）；歸功于
owe it to sb. to do sth.（認為）應該為某人做某事
owe sb. sth. =owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物；將某事歸功于某人
owe it to sb. that... 將……歸功于某人
owe sb. a favour 欠某人一個人情
【歸納拓展】owing to（=because of）意為“由于，因為”，引導原因狀語，可位于句首、句中或句末。
Owing to the rain，I objected to going out.由于下雨，我不贊成外出。
◆單句語法填空
(1) The journalist his success and happiness________ his wife and children.
(2) I owe ______ to you that I made such great progress in my spoken English.
(3) _________（owe）to my lack of experience，I didn’t do the work well.
(4) The company owes money 　　　　　 more than ten banks.
◆完成句子
(5) He asked for help from a colleague who _________________（欠他一個人情）.
(6)The young writer _____________________ （將他的成功歸于）his teacher’s encouragement.
to
　it　　
　Owing　
for　 　
owed him a favour　
owed his success to 　
Review language points.
Please design a poster to call on the students in your school to protect our living conditions . In the poster you are required to list 10 practical dos and don’ts.
THANKS FOR WATCHING

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