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(共62張PPT)
Unit 6
Space and beyond
Developing ideas
BY MICHELLE
Reading
01
EYES UPON THE NIGHT
Lead in
What can we see with our eyes in the sky
And what can we see if using a telescope
The Hubble Space Telescope
Match the images taken by the Hubble Space Telescope to their nicknames. Do research online to find out more information about them.
a
b
c
1 The Pillars of Creation
2 The Horsehead
3 The Cat’s Eye
b
c
a
The Hubble Space Telescope
Edwin Hubble
classification system for galaxies
the Hubble Constant 哈勃常數（天文學計量單位）
10 years, 10,000 people made it
Pre-reading
Look at the title of the passage and predict what “eyes” refers to.
Tips
They might refer to...because...
telescope
Now read the passage and check your prediction.
What does the “eyes” refer to
What is the general idea of this passage
The development of telescope.
Bronze statues’ eyes
Humans’ naked eyes
Earth-based telescope
The Hubble Space Telescope
Radio telescope – the FAST telescope
While-reading
Read for the structure of the passage.
Eyes upon the night
Para. 1 Ancient people’s __________ of the night sky.
Para. 2-4
The exploration of the night sky.
Para. 2 The influence the first ___________
had on the night sky.
Para.3 The influence the ____________
_________ had on the night sky.
Hubble Space
Telescope
Para.4 The influence the ____________
had on the sky.
“Eyes of Heaven”
Para. 5 Much of the universe remains __________.
exploration
telescope
unexplored
Para. 1
Ancient people’s exploration of the night sky.
topic sentence
examples
Fascinated by the stars in the night sky, people in ancient times created a world in the sky with their imaginations.
Para. 2
The influence the first telescope had on the night sky.
topic sentence
numbers
compare and contrast
What do we know from Para. 2
With the invention of the first
earth-based telescope, people were then able to understand that the universe is far larger by investigating instead of imagining the world in the sky.
Para. 3
The influence the Hubble Space Telescope had on the night sky.
topic sentence
What do we know from Para. 3
Almost 400 years later, the Hubble Space Telescope took great pictures of space, not only allowing people to see much over great distance, but helping to discover more facts about the world in the sky.
Para. 4
The influence the “Eyes of Heaven”had on the sky.
topic sentence
example
influence
The world’s largest and most powerful radio telescope.
Para. 5
Much of the universe remains unexplored.
topic sentence
conclusion
“Eyes” in the passage refer to not only the mysterious large-eyed bronze statue of the ancient Shu Kingdom in China, the Hubble Space Telescope and the 500-metre dish of the “Eye of Heaven” built in Guizhou of China, but also stand for the spirit of space exploration.
Conclusion
How is the information organized
the start of human history
400 years later
currently
the invention of the first telescope
imaginations
the start of human history
in 2016
The order in which a series of ideas is conveyed in an essay is called “sequencing”.
the first telescope
some 300 years later/400 years later
The order in which a series of ideas is conveyed in an essay is called “sequencing”. Time sequencing is a common method to explain how events change and develop with time. It is often used to discuss changes and developments.
first/ first of all, then, next, ...
before, after, when, ...
some 300 years later,almost 400 years later, in 2016, the follwing year, ...
Think about how the author organised the passage and complete the timeline with information from the passage.
Thousands of years ago, people already regarded the night sky as an _________________________. It was believed that the huge eyes of the large-eyed bronze statues from the Chinese archeological site at Sanxingdui were able to ______________________________________________.
Our power to see the sky changed dramatically when _______________________________________. It extended_________________________ and caused us to realise that the universe is a far larger place than we ever imagined.
endless source of fascination
look across great distances into the stars
the first telescope was angled at the night sky
the power of the human eye
In 1990, the hubble Space Telescope was launched into orbit. For the first time, people could________________________________
_________________________________. These ranged from ______________________________________, and even to new planets.
In 2016, __________________was built in China. It is used in the search for dark matter, which cannot be observed by ordinary telescopes. Its ____________ has the ability to make discoveries beyond our imaginations.
see breathtakingly beautiful images of our universe taken from beyond Earth
enormous clouds of gas to huge black holes
the FAST telescope
vast dish
Summary
Fascinated by the stars in the night sky, people in ancient times __________ _______________ with their _____________. With the invention of ______ ________________________, people were then able to understand that the universe is far larger by _____________ instead of imagining the world in the sky. Almost 400 years later, the _______________________ took great pictures of space, not only allowing people to see much over great distance, but helping to discover more facts about the world in the sky. Currently, many countries have been working on building _______________________ to investigate further into space. Space telescopes allow people to see _________________________ , but the human _______________________ goes on as much of the universe remains _______________.
created a world in the sky
imaginations
the first Earth - based telescope
investigating
Hubble Space Telescope
more advanced telescopes
further and further into space
quest for knowledge
unexplored
Post-reading
Why do you think people have always been interested in the stars
Which development in astronomy mentioned in the passage has made the greatest impression on you
In what different ways do the two reading passages in this unit reflect the spirit of exploration
Have you ever used a telescope or been to a planetarium Share your experience with the class.
Why do you think people have always been interested in the stars
Word banks
fascination, curiosity, mystery...
cosmic ocean, space exploration...
visible, invisible...
telescopes, spaceship...
Which development in astronomy mentioned in the passage has made the greatest impression on you
In what different ways do the two reading passages in this unit reflect the spirit of exploration
The first passage is about the Challenger disaster. Although it was a tragedy, people did not stop exploring space. This shows that people will always seek to explore, even if some lose their lives in doing so.
The second passage is about the development of the telescope, and how it reflects our desire to explore the unknown. Unlike the exploration conducted by astronauts such as those in the Challenger, the exploration in the second passage was conducted by people located on Earth, at no personal risk.
Nonetheless, the knowledge gained from telescopes is immense. The passages show that there are different ways of exploring the universe and of gaining knowledge.
Have you ever used a telescope or been to a planetarium Share your experience with the class.
I first saw a real telescope when I visited my uncle at ten. I was excited to look at the night sky for the stars, using my uncle’s telescope, who is a space fans. At first, I saw nothing because I used it incorrectly. But it was so marvelous to see the breathtakingly beautiful night sky, full of shining stars. From then on, I had great interest in space.
Give a talk about the quote.
The more we know, the more we feel our ignorance; the more we feel how much remains unknown.
Humphry Davy
Talk about the meaning of Humphry Davy’s quote and whether you agree with it.
Organise your ideas by completing the notes.
Share your ideas with the class.
Point of view:
Arguments:
Supporting examples:
The 500-metre dish of the “Eye of Heaven”,as it is known,is being used in the search for dark matter,thought to be composed of subatomic particles invisible to ordinary telescopes. 眾所周知,500米口徑球面射電望遠鏡“天眼”是用來尋找暗物質的,暗物質被認為是由普通望遠鏡看不見的亞原子粒子組成的。
◆ be composed of 由……組成
Every substance,no matter what it is,is composed of very small particles called molecules. 各種物質,不論它是什么,都是由一些被稱為分子的很小的粒子構成的。
The houses in my hometown were chiefly composed of wood. 我家鄉的房子主要由木頭做成。
【詞匯拓展】
compose v.　　　　 組成;作曲;撰寫
be made up of 由……組成(或構成)
consist of 由……組成(或構成)
England,Scotland and Wales compose the island of Great Britain.
英格蘭、蘇格蘭和威爾士組成了大不列顛島國。
Mozart composed his last opera shortly before he died.
莫扎特在去世前不久創作了他的最后一部歌劇。
The manager asked the secretary to compose a report.
經理要求秘書寫一個報告。
Their diet consists largely of vegetables. 他們的日常飲食以蔬菜為主。
單句語法填空
(1)It is well known that water is composed 　　　　　hydrogen and oxygen.
(2)This machine is made up 　　　　　many different parts.
一句多譯
生態系統由該區域中相互作用的生物和非生物組成。
(3)An ecosystem 　　　　　　　　　the living and non-living things in an area that interact with one another.
(4)An ecosystem 　　　　 　　　　　the living and non-living things in an area that interact with one another.
(5)An ecosystem 　　　　　　　　　　the living and non-living things in an area that interact with one another.
of
of
is composed of　
is made up of
consists of
But the human quest for knowledge reaches even beyond that. 但人類對知識的追求甚至超越了那一點。
◆ quest n.探索,尋找,追求(幸福等)　v.探索;探求
【詞匯拓展】
quest for　　　　　　　　 探索;尋求
in one’s quest for 探索;尋求
in quest of 探索;尋求
He had been questing for the truth from an early age.
Nothing will stop them in their quest for the truth.
He went on to say that he was going to New York in quest of peace.
【遷移應用】
單句語法填空
(1)If you are questing 　　　　　something,you are searching for it.
(2)You should not be afraid to aim high 　　　　　the quest for an improvement in your income.
(3)The boys went to the island in quest 　　　　　hidden treasure.
for
in
of
The more we know,the more we feel our ignorance;the more we feel how much remains unknown. 我們知道的越多,我們就越感到無知;就越覺得有很多未知的東西。
【句式剖析】“the+比較級...,the+比較級...”句型表示“越……就越……”,是一個復合句,其中前面的句子是狀語從句,后面的句子是主句。在“the+比較級...,the+比較級...”句型中,主從句的時態常用一般現在時或一般過去時。
The more she learns,the more she wants to learn. 她越學越想學。
若主句的謂語動詞用一般將來時,從句的謂語動詞用一般現在時表示將來。
The harder you work,the greater progress you will make.
The longer the war lasts,the more the people there will suffer.
完成句子
(1)你練習英語越多,你的英語就越好。
The more you practise English,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
(2)我越想越不喜歡這個主意。
The more I thought about it,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
(3)你越使用字典,字典就對你越有用。
The more you use a dictionary,　　　　　　 　　　　　　.
the better your English is　
the less I liked the idea　
the more useful it will be to you
Writing
02
Writing a journal entry sbout living in space
Read the passage and answer the questions.
In space, even the most straightforward, everyday tasks can be quite difficult for astronauts who are spending months on board a spacecraft. In this zero gravity world, there is no up or down, and while sleeping on the ceiling might sound like fun, astronauts need to be strapped to sleeping compartments to protect themselves from injury.
Although not many people enjoy doing housework, astronauts need to find the self-discipline to keep the small interior of their spacecraft clean; even using a vacuum cleaner to stop dust from getting into the air filters. A vacuum cleaner also comes in handy for fetching items that are floating around out-of-reach!
Astronauts also need to keep themselves clean. To do this, they use special soap and shampoo which do not need to be rinsed off with water. After brushing their teeth, they spit into a towel.
With no gravity to push against, astronauts’ bones and muscles can become weak. In order to stay fit, astronauts have to exercise on a regular basis.
And while some food items, such as cakes and fruit can be eaten in more or less the same way that they are on Earth, water needs to be added to much of the food that is eaten in space. Nonetheless, a menu for a hungry astronaut can still be varied and balanced, often including soup, prawn sandwiches, as well as fruit yoghurt. And as salt and pepper would simply float away, astronauts are provided with these in liquid form.
Carrying out these everyday tasks effectively helps the astronauts stay healthy and focus on their work in space — after all, imagine what would happen if they caught a cold and started to sneeze!
What is the main reason why everyday tasks are less simple in space
Why is it important for astronauts to exercise regularly
Everyday tasks are less simple mainly because of the zero gravity in space.
It’s important for astronauts to exercise regularly because with no gravity to push against, astronauts’ bones and muscles can become weak in space. Exercising regularly can help them stay fit.
What else do you know about life on a spacecraft
Lower body loses strength, so astronauts need to exercise every day.
The heart and blood change in space. (In space, without the pull of gravity, the blood moves to the upper body and head.)
Water in the body also does the same thing. It makes the astronauts’ faces look puffy (浮腫的).
What does a journal entry usually include
a journal entry
What you did
Time
What you enjoyed most / least
How you felt
Imagine you have spent 24 hours on board a spacecraft. Use the notes to organise your journal entry.
What you did on the spacecraft:
How you felt:
What you enjoyed most / least:
notes
Now write your journal entry. Do further research if necessary.
本單元的寫作目標是寫一篇“太空生活日記”記錄自己在太空的一天的生活場景，讓大家對太空生活有一定的了解。這樣的日記應該按時間順序展開，記述這一天中發生的事情，但要注意有詳有略。在具體的寫作過程中要注意把太空生活與地球生活進行對比，讓大家了解太空生活的奇妙之處，以引起讀者的興趣。
1.確定文體：這是一篇日記，記述過去的某一天所發生的事情；
2.主體時態：以一般過去時為主；
3.主體人稱：以第一人稱為主。
【審題定調】
第一部分：開門見山，引入話題，即在太空生活一天對我的影響，喚
起讀者興趣。
第二部分：按時間順序介紹自己一天的生活，注意詳略得當，必要時
解釋一下原因。
第三部分：總結全文，發表一下自己的感受以及對太空生活的看法。
【謀篇布局】
1.引力
2.簡單的
3.拿來
4.吸管
5.鍛煉
6.保持肌肉強壯
7.把……系在……上
gravity
straightforward
fetch
straw
work out / exercise
keep the muscles strong
tie...to...
【核心詞匯】
1. As there is no gravity, life in space can be … that on the earth.
2. Some most straightforward daily tasks on the earth can be … in space.
3. After getting up, I...
4. I had to..., because...
5. You can’t..., because...
6. When it is time for..., I...
7. It is so funny, isn’t it
8. It is difficult, but I enjoyed it very much.
【常用表達】
I was lucky enough to be chosen as a visitor to the space station! After an exciting blast into orbit, I couldn’t wait to look through the space station windows into deep space! You can imagine my disappointment when I didn’t see many stars. The astronauts laughed and explained to me that we were still in the sunlight, so of course we couldn’t see much, because the light was too bright.
Shortly after, we passed into Earth’s shadow, and I looked out of the window to see the most amazing number of stars! I felt very excited! This is the most unforgettable experience on the station.
Soon after that, it was time for dinner. The thing I noticed most was not the zero gravity measures for eating, but the fact that the food didn’t have much taste. And my nose felt blocked. It turns out these things are related, because in zero gravity, your face swells up more. After that, it was time to get strapped into bed. It was a bit hard to sleep in zero gravity — my arms kept floating away, and I woke up to see them right in front of my face, instead of lying on the bed like they would on Earth.
Despite even simple things being harder to do, I really enjoyed being in zero gravity, and I loved being able to float around instead of having to walk. It’s a pity my stay on the station was so short. It would have been great to stay longer and learn more about life in space!
Make improvements to each other’s journal entries and share them with the class.
Presenting
ideas
03
What do you know about the Voyager 1
Read the news report and find out what the Voyager 1 spacecraft took into space.
Voyager 1 is the spacecraft most distant from Earth. It contains a record called Sounds of Earth, which has recordings of greetings, music and sounds from Earth, as well as many photographs of our world. It is hoped that the record will be found by other civilisations on distant planets and help them learn about us.
Voyager I took a record called Sounds of Earth, which has recordings of greetings, music and sounds from Earth, as well as many photographs of our world.
Decide which three things you would put on a disc to be set up on the next Voyager mission and complete the table.
Contents on disc Reasons for your choice
A
B
C
Share your ideas with your group and decide on a final list.
Prepare a short presentation. Consider the following:
1. the structure of your presentation
2. useful words, expressions and structures
Give your presentation to the class. Vote for the three things your class would most like to put on the disc.
Review language points.
How can we write a journal entry about living in space
Finish your journal entry and make some improvements according to your discussion in Activity 7.
THANKS FOR WATCHING

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