資源簡介

(共59張PPT)
Unit 1
Looking
forwards
Developing ideas
BY MICHELLE
Reading
01
Lead in
How do you know about him
ROBERT FROST
Read the short introduction to Robert Frost and answer the questions.
Robert Frost (1874-1963) was one of America’s most famous
poets. He won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry four times and was
awarded the Congressional Gold Medal for his works. His
poetry has been praised for its natural themes, mostly set in the
rural areas of New England where Frost lived most of his life, and for his colloquial approach to American language. His poetry generally has a regular rhythm and rhyme, and is easy to read aloud and remember. He often used simple settings in his poems to explore complex personal and social themes. Among Frost’s best-known poems are The Road Not Taken, Fire and Ice, Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening and Birches.
Pre-reading
What are the special features of Frost’s poetry
1
It has been praised for its natural themes, mostly set in the rural areas of New England.
2
It has been praised for his colloquial approach to American language.
3
It generally has a regular rhythm and rhyme, and is easy to read aloud and remember.
4
He often used simple settings in his poems to explore complex personal and social themes.
Have you read any poems written by Robert Frost Share one with the class.
The Pasture
I’m going out to clean the pasture spring;
I’ll only stop to rake the leaves away
(And wait to watch the water clear, I may),
I shan’t be gone long. — You come too.
I’m going out to fetch the little calf
That’s standing by the mother. It’s so young
It totters when she licks it with her tongue.
I shan’t be gone long. — You come too.
Read the passage and find out what it is about.
The Road Not Taken
Read the passage quickly and divide it into several parts.
While-reading
Part 1
Part 2
The passage is divided into two parts:
Part 1: the poem The Road Not Taken written by Robert Frost.
Part 2: the introduction, explanation or interpretation of the poem.
Part 1
Enjoy the poem and try to understand the meaning of it.
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,
And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveler, long I stood
And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth;
Then took the other, as just as fair,
And having perhaps the better claim,
Because it was grassy and wanted wear;
Though as for that the passing there
Had worn them really about the same,
The Road Not Taken
黃色的樹林里分出兩條路，
可惜我不能同時去涉足，
我在那路口久久佇立，
我向著一條路極目望去，
直到它消失在叢林深處。
但我卻選擇了另外一條路
它荒草萋萋，十分幽寂
顯得更誘人，更美麗
雖然在這條小路上
很少留下旅人的足跡
And both that morning equally lay
In leaves no step had trodden black.
Oh, I kept the first for another day!
Yet knowing how way leads on to way,
I doubted if I should ever come back.
I shall be telling this with a sign
Somewhere ages and ages hence:
Two roads diverged in a wood,and I—
I took the one less traveled by,
And that has made all the difference.
The Road Not Taken
那天清晨落葉滿地
兩條路都未經腳印污染
呵，留下一條路等改日再見
但我知道路徑延綿無盡頭
恐怕我難以再回返
也許多年后在某個地方
我將輕聲嘆息將往事回顧：
一片樹林里分出兩條路——
而我選擇了人跡更少的一條，
從此決定了我一生的道路。
What are the rhyming words in this poem
What effect do they have
wood, stood, could; both, undergrowth;
fair, wear, there; claim, same; lay, day, way;
black, back;sigh, I, by; hence, difference.
Rhyming words may make it easier to read and recite the poem, because they make the rhythm of the poem fairly obvious.
Part 2
The popularity of the poem
The appreciation and interpretation of the poem
How should we face our future
Para.
Para.
Para.
It has in fact become one of ______________________________ of all time.
Life __________________________________________.
Once we make a decision, in most circumstances, ____________________.
Instead of looking back with regret, we should be ________________________________________, for the choices are ours, and ours only.
the most famous American poems
throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis
there is no going back
facing our future with energy and optimism
1
2-4
5
The Road Not Taken has in fact become one of the most famous American poems of all time, not only because of its natural style, but also because of its thoughtful insights into human nature.
Why is the poem so popular
The poem has been set to music by a number of artists and used in numerous television commercials.
The interlude(插曲) of the popular TV series《 何以笙簫默》is also “The road not taken”.
Symbolism is the use of an object to represent an abstract idea. For example, the rose could represent love and affection, and the rainbow could symbolise hope. It allows the poet to express a certain mood or emotion in a more subtle way, as opposed to stating it directly.
love and affection
hope
Can you find more examples in this poem
Symbols of the poem
Paths in the wood
How our lives progress and change.
The choices that we face and the decisions that we need to make .
“Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, and sorry I could not travel both.”
The greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems, when we are uncertain which choice result in doing the right thing.
symbolize
What should I wear today
Which college should I choose？
What job should I do after graduation
Why do you think the writer looks back on his decision “with a sigh”
Because whether big or small, what all our choices have in common is that they lead to specific consequences. Once we make a decision, in most circumstances, there is no going back. And he was wondering whether he had made the right decision.
In author’s view, the poet regret taking the “less travelled” road. True or false, why
In the poem, the writer doubts his choice, thinking that in the future“ages and ages hence”, he may claim that he took the “less traveled” road.
Nonetheless, part of the art of decision-making is learning to make the most of our decisions. Instead of looking back with regret, we should be facing our future with energy and optimism, for the choices are ours, and ours only.
What does the author think of the choice we make according to the passage
A It is necessary for us to doubt the choice we have already made.
B All we can do after making a choice is look forward without regret.
C We can go back though we have make a choice in all circumstances.
D All the choices we made can lead to a specific consequence.
Summary of the poem
A traveler in the wood comes to a fork in the road and he feels sorry for 1____________________________. After close observation, he decides to choose the one which 2___________________________, though 3_____________________________________________________. He tells himself that 4______________________ some day, but he doubts 5________________________ . He imagines that, many years in the future, he will tell this story with a sigh, saying that his choice has 6_____________________________.
being unable to take both roads
is grassy and wants wear
the passing there has worn the two roads really about the same
he will take the other road
if he should ever come back
made all the difference
Complete the table with information from the passage.
Appreciation and interpretation
It is one of the most famous American poems of all time.
The diverged roads in the poem symbolise
7 .
Once we have taken a road, we might wonder
8 . Instead of looking back with
regret, we should 9 _____ __
____ ____.
how our lives progress and change
whether we made the right choice
be facing our future with energy and optimism, for the choices are ours only
Post-reading
Why do you think the writer looks back on his decision “with a sigh”
What are the rhyming words in this poem What effect do they have
What is the most difficult choice you have ever had to make What did you choose to do
What effect will the poem have on you when you face decisions in the future Give your reasons.
In what different ways do the two reading passages in this unit improve your understanding of the choices you make and how they impact your future
Once I had to make a difficult decision between lying to my mother to avoid being punished and telling the truth.
I chose to tell the truth because I’d like to be an honest person.
From the poem I know, whatever decisions I have made, I should make the most of the decision and be optimistic about the future rather than look back with regret.
The first reading passage tells us that there are various possibilities for future development. And the second reading passage encourages us to face our future with energy and optimism instead of regret.
Summary
Different road will lead us to see different scenery, before you choose which road to take, think it carefully, then choose it bravely.
After you have chosen the road, just do your best to walk your road and enjoy the scenery on the road.
Read another interpretation of the poem and prepare a report comparing it with the one in the passage.
Discuss the two interpretations from the following aspects. Do further research if necessary.
What points do the two interpretations share
What are the major differences between the two interpretations
Which interpretation seems more convincing to you Why
Can you think of yet another interpretation of the poem
What points do the two interpretations share
The two interpretations share the following points: the poem The Road Not Taken is one of America’s most famous or best-loved poems, and it is about choice.
What are the major differences between the two interpretations
The major differences between the two interpretations are: the one in the passage interprets the poem as a call for facing the future without regret, while the second interpretation (Robert’s) maintains that the poem is really about accepting the consequences of our choices many years in the future, when it is too late to change them.
Prepare your report, including your understanding of the poem.
Share your report with the class.
It has in fact become one of the most famous American poems of all time,not only because of its natural style,but also because of its thoughtful insights into human nature. 事實上,它已經成為有史以來最著名的美國詩歌之一,不僅因為它的自然風格,而且因為它對人性深思熟慮的洞察力。
【句式剖析】not only...but also....意為“不僅……而且……”,連接兩個because of 短語, 在句中作原因狀語。
【句式拓展】
(1)not only...but also...用于連接兩個表示并列關系的成分,著重強調后者,其中的also有時可以省略。
(2)not only...but also...若連接的兩個成分作主語,其謂語的單復數通常與靠近的主語保持一致。
(3)not only...but also...若連接兩個句子,且not only 位于句首時,not only 后面的句子要用部分倒裝。
She spoke not only Swedish but also English and French.
她不僅講瑞典語,還講英語和法語。
Not only I but also Jane and Mary are tired of having one examination after another.
不僅是我,簡和瑪麗也都討厭參加一個接一個的考試。
Not only does she attach importance to reading,but also she spares at least 20 minutes every day to read.
她不僅重視閱讀,而且每天抽出至少20分鐘來閱讀。
【遷移應用】
用所給詞的適當形式填空
(1)Not only Tom but also his classmates　　　　　 (be) coming to visit the museum tomorrow.
(2)The exhibition not only shows paper-cutting in different regions,but also
　　　　　 (present) to us the history and development of paper-cutting in China.
句式升級
(3)I am not only interested in photography,but I take an amateur course at university to update my skills.
→　　　　　　　　　I interested in photography,but I take an amateur course at university to update my skills.
are
presents
Not only am
When reading The Road Not Taken,one cannot help but see in one’s mind images of a peaceful wood deep within the countryside. 當閱讀《未選擇的路》時,人們不禁會在腦海中浮現出鄉村深處寧靜樹林的畫面。
【句式剖析】When reading...是省略句,省略了從句的主語和連系動詞;cannot help but do是固定句式,意為“不得不做某事;只得做某事”,but后面用動詞原形。
【句式拓展】
(1)can’t help doing...意為“情不自禁地……;忍不住……”,help后接動詞-ing形式。
Hearing the interesting story,I couldn’t help laughing.
(2)cannot help (to) do...意為“不能幫助做……”,其中的help意為“幫助”,后接帶to或不帶to 的動詞不定式。
The medicine can’t help you (to) get rid of your cold. 這藥不能幫你消除感冒。
【遷移應用】
完成句子
(1)有時候我真控制不住要發脾氣。
Sometimes I just 　　　　　　　　　　　　　my temper.
(2)微笑的時候,你會情不自禁地感到平靜,感受到幸福與愛。
While smiling,you 　　　　　　　　　　calmness,happiness and love.
can’t help but lose
can’t help but feel
Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis. 生活每天都給我們帶來許多選擇。
◆ alternative n.可供選擇的事物　adj.可替代的
【詞匯拓展】
an alternative to ……的替代物(to是介詞)
have the alternative of A or B 要么做A,要么做B;在A或B二者中選一個
have no alternative/choice/option but to do sth 別無選擇只好做某事
You have the alternative of going to the concert or staying at home. 你可以去聽音樂會也可以待在家里,任你選擇。
New ways to treat arthritis may provide an alternative to painkillers. 關節炎的新療法可能是止痛藥之外的另一種選擇。
【遷移應用】
單句語法填空
(1)The app asks its users to report accidents and other road conditions in real time so that other users can avoid the traffic jam by using alternative route.
(2)The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative to
(communicate) with others.
完成句子
(3)為了成功,我們別無選擇只能勇敢地面對失敗并從中吸取教訓。
In order to succeed,we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　but to face failure bravely and learn from it.
an
communicating
have no alternative/choice/option
Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis. 生活每天都給我們帶來許多選擇。
◆ on a...basis 根據;以……的方式(基準)
【詞匯拓展】
on the basis of ...　　基于……
base...on/upon... 把……建立在……基礎之上
be based on/upon 以……為基礎;依據……
basic adj. 基本的;基礎的
basically adv. 基本上;大體上
We’re going to meet there on a regular basis.
She was chosen for the job on the basis of her qualifications.
The story was based on an account of an actual South Sea expedition.
【遷移應用】
單句語法填空
(1)The old scientist told his students that scientific theories must
　　　　　　　　 (base) on facts.
(2)These facts are　　　　　 (base) to an understanding of the case.
(3)Critics say these programmes are　　　　　 (basic) bad,but people still watch them.
be based　
basic
basically
Of course,the greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems,when we are uncertain which choice results in doing the right thing. 當然,當我們不確定哪個選擇會讓我們做正確的事情,最大的困境就由道德問題引起。
◆ arise v.(由……)引起;出現;發生;產生;起來;起床
【詞匯拓展】
arise from=arise out of 由……引起/產生;從……中產生
arise from one’s chair/seat 從椅子/座位上站起來
The country’s present difficulties arise from/out of the shortage of petroleum. 這個國家當前的困境是由石油短缺造成的。
As is known to all,emotional or mental problems can arise from/out of a physical cause. 眾所周知,情緒或精神上的問題可以由身體上的原因引起。
【遷移應用】
寫出下列句中arise的含義
(1)Seeing his mother return home,the boy arose from his chair immediately.
　　　　
(2)New problems will arise one after another in the future.　　　　
(3)They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park.　　　　
(4)Can we begin by discussing matters arising from the last meeting 　　　　
起來
出現
起床
產生
Once we make a decision,in most circumstances,there is no going back. 在大多數情況下,一旦我們做出決定就沒有回頭路可走了。
◆ circumstance n.情況,情形
【詞匯拓展】
in/under no circumstances　　　 決不
in/under the circumstances 在這種情況下;既然這樣
in/under any circumstances 在任何情況下
if circumstances allow/permit 如果情況允許
Under no circumstances can you leave the house. 在任何情況下你都不能離開這所房子。
You must not mention your colleagues under/in any circumstances. 在任何情況下你都不準提到你的同事。
under no circumstances位于句首時,句子要用部分倒裝語序。
【遷移應用】
完成句子
(1)這也許不是一個完美的解決辦法,但這是在此情況下我能做的最好的。
It might not be a perfect solution,but it’s the best I can do
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
(2)當我決定接受這份工作時,我完全沒有料到會遇到這么多問題。
Under no circumstances 　　　　　　　　that I would meet so many problems when I decided to take the job.
(3)如果情況允許,工作從星期一開始。
The work will begin on Monday 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
under/in the circumstances
did I expect
if circumstances permit/allow
What if,in choosing one,we are unknowingly turning down other future opportunities 如果我們在選擇一個機會的同時,不知不覺中拒絕了未來其他的機會呢
◆turn down拒絕;調小
【詞匯拓展】
turn to　　 求助于;翻到(書的某頁);查閱
turn away 拒絕……入內;把……打發走
turn up 出現;露面;調大
turn out 證明是;結果是;生產
turn over 打翻;翻身;移交
turn in 上交
You shouldn’t always turn to the dictionary when you meet new words in reading. 閱讀的時候遇到生詞,你不要總查字典。
The job turned out to be harder than we thought.
【遷移應用】
用turn的短語填空
(1)Some famous Chinese artists will　　　　　　　 and perform at the exhibition.
(2)The hall was full,and hundreds of fans had to be 　　　　　　　.
(3)The moment the bell rang,all the students　　　　　　　　　 their papers immediately.
(4)She 　　　　　　　the invitation because she had something urgent to attend to.
turn up
turned away　
turned in
turned down
Ultimately,the road ahead—the road through our lives—is a mixture of choice and chance. 最終,未來的道路——貫穿我們一生的道路——是選擇和機遇的混合體。
◆mixture n.混合;混合體;混合物
【詞匯拓展】
mix v.　　　　 (使)混合
mix...with... 把……和……相混合
mix sb sth 給某人配制某物
mix with 與……相混合
mix up 混合起來
mixed adj. 混合的;不同味道的;(感情等)復雜的
My mother put the sugar into the coffee and mixed them up with a spoon.
Oil doesn’t mix with water.
The doctor mixed him a bottle of medicine.
【遷移應用】
用mix的適當形式填空
(1)With 　　　　　feelings on mind,she doesn’t know what to do next.
(2)I don’t want to　　　　　　　 up in such a business.
(3)This　　　　　 drink tastes tasty.
(4)Don’t get them　　　　　,or it will be terrible.
mixed
be mixed
mixed
mixed
To me,it is really about accepting the consequences of our choices many years in the future,when it is too late to change them. 對我來說,這實際上是多年以后當我來不及改變我們的選擇時,接受它們所帶來的后果。
【句式剖析】本句是一個復合句。it is really about...是主句,when it is...是定語從句。too...to do sth意為“太……而不能……”,too后接形容詞或副詞,to是動詞不定式符號,后接動詞原形,動詞不定式表示否定意義。
在以下幾種情況,too...to...結構可以表示肯定意義,而不是否定意義:
(1)當不定式前有否定詞修飾時。
He is too clever not to understand this. 他太聰明,不會不明白這一點。
(2)當副詞too的前面有否定詞修飾時。
One is never too old to learn. 活到老學到老。
(3)當副詞too后面修飾的形容詞是glad,ready,pleased等表示“積極”意義的詞匯時。
We are too ready to help you. 我們很樂意幫助你。
【遷移應用】
翻譯句子
(1)這個問題太難了,我不會回答。
(2)樹上的蘋果太高了,他夠不著。
The question is too difficult for me to answer.　
The apples on the tree are too high for him to reach.
Writing
02
Writing an application letter
Read the job advertisement and the application letter. Match the headings to the sections and find out how qualified the applicant is for the job.
Local Tour Guide Wanted
Contact:
JaneSmith@
9 am to 4 pm four days a week.
Fluency in English and French.
Knowledge of the city’s history and attractions.
Relevant experience preferred.
Applicants must be 16 and above.
PART-TIME
a Stating relevant past experience
b Ending by restating interest, as well as contact information
c Stating qualifications required
d Formal signing off
e Formal greeting
f Stating personal interest and career choice
g Stating purpose of the letter, including position applied for and how applicant came to know about it
e
g
f
c
a
b
d
What does an application letter usually include
an application letter
Formal greeting
Stating purpose of the letter, including the position applied for and how applicants came to know about it
Stating personal interest and career choice
Stating qualifications required
Stating relevant past experiences
Ending by restating interest, as well as contact information
Formal signing off
Is Josie Davis suitable for the job tour guide in the advertisement How can we know that？Give your reasons.
Requirements:
Qualifications:
Fluency in English and French
Knowledge of the city’s hirstory and attractions
Relevant experience preferred
can speak both English and French fluently;
English is native language, majoring in French at university; attended an exchange programme in Paris last year
very familiar with the history of her home city; have a passion for history
organised and conducted a tour of her city for classmates living outside the area, having received excellent feedback
There are many useful words and expressions in this application letter , can you find them And can you list more
Formal greeting:
Stating purpose of the letter:
Stating personal interest and career choice:
Dear xxx (more:Mr./Miss. xxx; 職業/頭銜+姓氏; Dear Sir/Madame )
I wish to apply for the position of......
(more:I’m writing to apply for......; I’m writing to express my interest in......)
be familiar with; have a passion for; enable sb. to do sth.; plan to do sth.; welcome the opportunity to do sth.
(more:have a gift for; be fond of; enjoy doing sth.)
Stating qualifications required:
Stating relevant past experience:
Ending by restating interest, as well as contact information:
Formal signing off:
speak......fluently; major in; attend; further improve
(more:work hard; get along well with others; kind; easygoing; always ready to help others; have much knowledge in many fields; be good at communicating with others; an all-round student; be well acquainted with)
organize; conduct; receive excellent feedback; a quick learner; be willing to
(more:I have been worked in.......as a/an......)
be delighted to; have the opportunity to do sth.; discuss......further with......; contactable; thank you for your time and consideration
(more:look forward to hearing from you; your early reply will be appreciated)
Yours Sincerely(more:Yours Truly; Best Regards)
Read the job advertisement and plan for your application letter by answering the questions.
What job are you applying for Where did you find the job vacancy
What previous experience makes you suitable for the job
What relevant qualifications do you have
What job are you applying for Where did you find the job vacancy
I wish to apply for the position of office assistant.The job vacancy is advertised in China News Report on 11 July.
What previous experience makes you suitable for the job
I once worked in a major department store for a few weeks, five days per week on the morning shift, and I was regarded as a valuable addition to the sales team.
What relevant qualifications do you have
I’m skilled in the use of computers, and I have a great interest in online technology.I am well prepared for a variety of tasks, including document filing, photocopying and arranging refreshments.
Now write the application letter.
Dear Ms Lee,
I wish to apply for the position of office assistant as advertised in China News Report on 11 July.
I’m skilled in the use of computers, and I have a great interest in online technology. I believe my skills would enable me to contribute to the smooth operation of your office.As I plan to work in an administrative post after graduation, I would welcome the opportunity to gain experience in this field.
As stated in my attached CV, I am well prepared for a variety of tasks, including document filing, photocopying, preparing meeting agendas, arranging refreshments and sorting letters and parcels. English is my native language, and I’m majoring in French at university.
Although I have not held the position of office assistant before, I did work in a major department store for a few weeks, five days per week on the morning shift, and I was regarded as a valuable addition to the sales team. I am capable of learning quickly, and willing to start with the basics wherever it is necessary.
Should you consider me a suitable candidate to interview, I’m contactable at your convenience at samhanson@ or by phone on 8969-7616. Thank you for your time and consideration.
Yours faithfully,
Sam Hanson
Presenting
ideas
03
Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
What kind of life does each picture show
What do you consider to be a successful life Give your reasons.
The first picture shows a successful business life.
The second picture shows a happy family life.
The third picture shows a life close to nature.
I think a successful life means that you have a happy family and have a job that provides you money. You can take a trip lose to nature now and then with you family. Because I think that family is the most important item in our life.
Work in groups. Talk about what success means to you and give plete the table.
Meaning of success
Examples
What does a successful future mean to you
Why do you think that way
What goals do you think you need to achieve to be successful
What would you do if you didn’t achieve these goals
Discuss your understanding of success in more detail and make notes.
not necessarily turn out exactly as ...plan
In the face of such problems, I will...
Whatever twists and turns I might encounter, ...take a leaf...
I have always believed.../have come to believe...
inspire me to/make up my mind to /weigh up the option.../single-minded in my ambition to/extraordinary experiences /I’d say it is due to...
To start with, ... What’s more,... It’s crucial for..., set oneself a goal...
Prepare a speech about your understanding of success. Consider the following:
1 the structure of your speech
2 useful words, expressions and structures
3 helpful public speaking skills
Give your speech to the class.
Review language points.
Search the Internet to find and read more poems written by Robert Frost.
Finish your writing.
THANKS FOR WATCHING

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