資源簡介

(共31張PPT)
Unit 3 The Internet
Discovering Useful Structures
Lead-in 歌詞中的語法，你發現了嗎？
Goodbye to you my trusted friend
別了朋友，我的摯友
We've know each other since we were nine or ten
我們已相識很久，那時我們還是孩子
Together we've climbed hills and trees
我們曾一起爬過無數山丘、樹叢
Learned of love and ABC's
一起學會了愛，還有許多等等
Skinned our hearts and skinned our knees
也曾一起傷過心，一起破過皮
Goodbye my friend it's hard to die
別了，我的朋友，友情是不死的 .
Lead-in 歌詞中的語法，你發現了嗎？
Goodbye to you my trusted friend
別了朋友，我的摯友
We've know each other since we were nine or ten
我們已相識很久，那時我們還是孩子
Together we've climbed hills and trees
我們曾一起爬過無數山丘、樹叢
Learned of love and ABC's
一起學會了愛，還有許多等等
Skinned our hearts and skinned our knees
也曾一起傷過心，一起破過皮
Goodbye my friend it's hard to die
別了，我的朋友，友情是不死的 .
Lead-in 歌詞中的語法，你發現了嗎？
Goodbye to you my trusted friend
別了朋友，我的摯友
We've known each other since we were nine or ten
我們已相識很久，那時我們還是孩子
Together we've climbed hills and trees
我們曾一起爬過無數山丘、樹叢
Learned of love and ABC's
一起學會了愛，還有許多等等
Skinned our hearts and skinned our knees
也曾一起傷過心，一起破過皮
Goodbye my friend it's hard to die
別了，我的朋友，友情是不死的.
完成時時態
練習
1.His first novel ___________(receive) good reviews since it came out last month.
2.I got caught in the rain and my suit _____(damage).
3.This is the first time we ________ a film in the cinema together as a family.
has received
has been damaged
have seen
現在完成時
主動： 被動：
1) 動作或狀態從過去開始,一直持續到現在, 常與下列時間狀語連用: so far, up to now, up till now, by now, recently, lately, in recent years; (ever) since+一般過去時, in / during / over the past / last... years/months/days/weeks, over the years
1.His first novel has received good reviews since it came out last month.
2) 動作或狀態發生在過去,但對現在有影響或結果
2.I got caught in the rain and my suit has been damaged.
have/has done
have/has been done
現在完成時
主動： 被動：
3) 固定句型:It / This / That is the first (second, third…) time that… +現在完成時，表示“第幾次做某事”
3.This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema together as a family.
have/has done
have/has been done
肯定式： S+have/has+V-過去分詞(done)
否定式： S+have/has+not+V-過去分詞...
一般問句： Have/Has+S+V-過去分詞...
特殊疑問句： 疑問詞+have/has+S+V-過去分詞...
現在完成時的基本結構
the buildings,
destroy,
earthquake
The buildings have been destroyed by the earthquake.
Look at the pictures, first list some key words, then make up sentences using the present perfect passive voice.
machine
replace
computer
The machine has been replaced by the computer.
in our city,
a new bridge, build
A new bridge has been built in our city.
表示 發生的或 的動作對 造成的 。
現在完成時概念：
過去
已完成
現在
影響或結果
e.g. 1. Goodbye to you my trusted friend. 別了朋友，我的摯友。
2. I have just finished the homework. 作業現在已經做完了。
常用的時間狀語有：
◆常與不確定的時間狀語連用，如:
up to now, by now, lately, already, since, ever since, just, yet, before, recently, so far, in the past/last few years等,表示“到目前為止”所發生的動作.
現在完成時謂語動詞的構成
have/has+ done
1.have &has
當主語是 ___，用has;
當主語是 ________，用have。
第三人稱單數
其他人稱
2.done在現在完成時中叫___________
除不規則變化外，一般情況加ed
過去分詞
現在完成時的基本句型
現在完成時 ( Active Voice )
肯定式 have/has done
否定式 have/has not done
一般疑問句 have/has + 主 + done？
（have/has提前）
特殊疑問句 疑問詞+have/has + 主 + done？
(疑問詞+一般疑問句)
1.Read the pairs of sentences. Underline and compare the different verb forms.
現在完成時被動語態的構成:
Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet. The Internet has greatly improved Jan’s life.
Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. People have written much about the wonders of the World Wide Web.
Verb form
Active
Passive
have/has + been + done
主語和動作之間是主動關系
主語和動作之間是被動關系
have/has + done
過去完成時
主動： 被動：
1)過去的過去。常與過去完成時連用的時間狀語有by/before+一般過去時
By the time Jack returned from home from England, his son had graduated from college.
2) 固定句型: It/This was the first/second/third... time that sb. had done sth..到過去某一時間某人第幾次做某事
It was the first time that he had left his native land.
had done
had been done
練習
1. The young man, when questioned why he _______(break) the law, just looked at the policeman and said nothing.2. No sooner ________ Mo Yan ________ (step) on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.3. —Did you have difficulty finding Ann's house —Not really. She ________ (give) us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.4. It is the first time he ________ (visit) this city.5. I _________ (intend) to call you, but was prevented from something unexpected.
練習
6. Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience ________ (interrupt) him7. Though I ________ (explain) the text three times, the boy still couldn’t understand it.8. I am so upset that the house we _______ (live) in for so many years was consumed by the fire.9. The coffee is wonderful! It doesn’t taste like anything I ________ (have) before.10. I jumped with joy the moment I __________ (receive) my driver’s license.
練習
【答案】1. had broken; 2. had stepped;
3. had given; 4. has visited; 5. had intended; 6. interrupted; 7. had explained; 8. had lived; 9. have had; 10. received
用法
1. 現在完成時的被動語態同它的主動語態一樣，強調過去的動作對現在造成的影響或結果，主語和謂語之間為被動關系，通常與already, yet, just, never, recently等副詞連用。例：The machine has already been repaired.
2. 表示一個被動的動作或狀態開始于過去，持續到現在，并可能持續下去，常與for或since引導的時間狀語連用，或用于“How long... ”句型中。
例：Financial problems of the company have been discussed for nearly two hours.
How long has this film been shown
3. 用在時間或條件狀語從句中，表示將來某時已完成的動作，即用現在完成時的被動語態代替將來完成時的被動語態。
例：You shouldn’t leave school before your homework has been finished.
現在完成時的被動語態
注意
1. 現在完成時的被動語態、現在進行時的被動語態及一般過去時的被動語態的區別
The machine has been repaired.（說明動作發生在過去，對現在有影響，“現在修好了”）
The machine is being repaired now.（說明動作正在進行）
The machine was repaired yesterday.（只說明動作發生在過去）
2. 非延續性動詞，如borrow, finish, begin, start, buy, marry, open, join等構成的現在完成時的被動語態不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用。若要表達相應的意思，則要改換動詞或時態。
例：工程已開始三個月了。
The project has been started for three months.（F）
The project has been on for three months.（T）
現在完成時的被動語態
提示
常與現在完成時連用的時間狀語有：
already 已經 yet 已經
recently/lately 最近 since then 從那時起
ever since 自那以來 ever 曾經
so far 迄今為止 by now 到現在為止
for a long time 很長一段時間
in recent years 在最近幾年里
in/during/over the past/last years 在過去的幾年里
現在完成時的被動語態
總 結
1. 現在完成時的被動語態強調一個發生在過去的被動性的動作，動作已完成并強調對現在造成的影響或結果，主語和謂語之間為被動關系。
例：
The door has already been locked.
門早已經被鎖上了。
I have been employed at the job since 2015.
自從2015年，我就做這份工作。
現在完成時的被動語態
思考：什么時候用被動語態
語態用來表示主語與謂語之間的關系，它是動詞的一種形式。英語中有兩種語態：主動語態和被動語態。主動語態表示主語是動作的執行者，而被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者。
不知道動作的執行者
沒有必要指出動作的執行者
強調動作的承受者
Present perfect passive voice
1. Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.
2. People’s lives have been changed by online communities and social
networks.
3. Many people have been helped by the club.
4. Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet.
5. The software has been downloaded to help my phone battery last longer.
6. Has the Wi-Fi password been confirmed
7. Has the button been pressed yet to copy the file
8. An identity card has been lost.
思考：現在完成時的被動語態有什么意義？
Present perfect passive voice
主語和謂語是被動的關系：
表示動作從過去一直持續到現在，有可能還會繼續進行
動作已經完成，強調對現在造成的影響或結果
例句 現在完成時被動語態句式
The research has been done successfully.
The author’s new story has not been published.
Has his washing machine been repaired
Who has been invited
肯定式：have / has been done
否定式：have / has not been done
一般疑問句：把have / has提到主語的前面
特殊疑問句：
特殊疑問詞 + have / has been done
Present perfect passive voice
1. I have downloaded the software to help my phone battery last longer.
The software has been downloaded to help my phone battery last longer.
2. Someone has lost an identity card.
3. Have you confirmed the Wi-Fi password
An identity card has been lost.
Has the Wi-Fi password been confirmed
4. Have you pressed the button yet to copy the file
Has the button been pressed yet to copy the file
5. Has anyone made a comment about the online database
Has a / any comment been made about the online database
Change the sentences below into the present perfect passive voice.
Share your poem with your partner!
Think of your own situation and write a similar one.
Look at the way _________________________________
Look at the way ___________________________________
Look at the way _________________________________
________________________________________
Look at the way ____________________________________
Look at the way ____________________________________
Look at the way ____________________________________
__________________________________________________
the homework has been finished
the grammar mistakes have been corrected
the study plan has been conducted
Now think how to be a good student.
the courses have been taught
the physical exercise have been carried out
the school clubs have been supported
I hope that you’ll like our school.
Finish the exercises
on the worksheet.

展開更多......

收起↑