資源簡(jiǎn)介

(共42張PPT)
1
人稱代詞
一、定義
人稱代詞是代詞的一種，用于直接指代某個(gè)或某些人或事物的代詞。
二、分類
格 人稱
第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱
單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)
我 你 他/她/它 我們 你們 他/她/它們
主格 I you he，she，it we you they
賓格 me you him，her，it us you them
三、人稱代詞易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)
（1）注意與其所指代的詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。
A good song lends comfort to people, so that they feel less lonely.
（2）如果人稱代詞后面是定語從句，謂語動(dòng)詞需與代詞保持。
They who are my classmates will support me at any time.
（3）she或her用來代表國(guó)家、城市、船舶、飛機(jī)、真理、科學(xué)和自然等，表達(dá)感彩。
China is a developing country. She will always take sides with the Third World.
四、人稱代詞排序：
單數(shù)人稱代詞按照“二三一”排列
You, he and I are of the same age.
復(fù)數(shù)人稱代詞按照“一二三”排列
We, you and they are all good citizens.
五、it用法
（1）指代上文提到單數(shù)事物
My pen is missing. Did you see it
（2）指代時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、距離、天氣、溫度
It is early spring now, but it is already very warm.
How far is it from here to Beijing
（3）指代不明身份的人
—Who is knocking at the door —It’s me.
五、it用法
（4）固定短語
get it 明白 make it 取得成功 believe it or not 信不信由你
go for it 努力爭(zhēng)取 take it easy 沉住氣 forget it 不必在意
when it comes to 當(dāng)提及 take it for granted that 認(rèn)為......理所當(dāng)然
五、it用法
（5）固定句型
It’s time for sb to do sth 該是某人做某事時(shí)候了
例：It’s time for her to let go of the past.
It takes sb some time to do sth 某人花多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間做某事
例：It takes her two days to finish her homework.
I would appreciate it if you could...如果......我將不勝感激
例：I would appreciate it if you could pay in cash.
五、it用法
（6）it作形式主語：it is+adj.+(for/of) sb to do sth做某事（對(duì)某人來說）......樣
例：It is comparatively difficult to find the object in one year.
It is no fun/no good/no use+doing sth做某事沒意義、沒好處的
例：It is no use crying over split milk.
（7）it作形式賓語：V.(find, consider...)+it+adj./n.+to do sth/that 從句 發(fā)現(xiàn)/認(rèn)為做某事.....
例：Tom finds it difficult to concentrate.
五、it用法
（8）強(qiáng)調(diào)句：it is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+其他部分
It was he who had committed such crime.
It was on Sunday that I came across a classmate of mine in the street.
1. Who taught English last term
A.them B. their C. they
2. --- Who is knocking at the door
---I don‘t know. I was lying in bed and just asking who was.
A. he B. she C. it
3. I can’t find my hat. I don’t know where I put .
A. one B. it C. that
4. I had a letter from __________ .
A. she B. her C. it
A
C
B
B
5. They did not find to prepare for the worst conditions they might meet.
A. worth their while B. it worthwhile C. it worth D. it worthy
6. It was who presided at the meeting.
A. me B. him C. he D. her
7. To be frank, is really exciting that we have won the game.
A. this B. that C.it D. there
Note:be worth doing sth
be worthy of being done 值得做某事
It is worthwhile to do sth
B
C
C
2
物主代詞
一、定義
物主代詞 是表示所有關(guān)系的代詞，也稱為人稱代詞的所有格。物主代詞分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞兩種。
二、分類
詞性 人稱
第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱
單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)
我的 你的 他/她/它的 我們的 你們的 他/她/它們的
形容詞性 my your his，her，its our your their
名詞性 mine yours his，hers，its ours yours theirs
三、
名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞
物主代詞：
My hair is very thin. Yours is much thicker.
=Your hair
I will take my coat upstairs. Shall I take yours
=your coat
She is a friend of .
A. my B. mine C. I
2. This isn’t my pen, it is .
A.her B. his C. him
3. Frank can’t find dictionary. Can you lend to
A. her, mine, her B. /, yours, he C. his, yours, him
4. school is much bigger than .
A. Our, their B. Ours, theirs C. Our, theirs
5. The dog is so poor because __________ leg is badly hurt.
A. it B. its C. it’s
B
B
C
C
B
3
反身代詞
一、定義
反身代詞是一種表示反身或強(qiáng)調(diào)的代詞，通過反身代詞指代主語，使施動(dòng)者把動(dòng)作在形式上反射到施動(dòng)者自己 。反身代詞與它所指代的名詞或代詞形成互指關(guān)系，在人稱、性質(zhì)、數(shù)上保持一致。
二、分類
數(shù) 人稱
第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱
單數(shù) myself yourself himself/herself/itself
復(fù)數(shù) ourselves yourselves themselves
第一二人稱為形容詞性物主代詞+self/selves
第三人稱為賓格+self/selves
三、用法
（1）作賓語和表語，賓語須和主語或動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者一致。
He bought himself some CDs when summer vocation began.
The people who want this product are themselves.
（2）作同位語，表示本身，自己。
I don’t need the camera itself, just the lenses.
（3）固定搭配。
pull oneself together 克制 help oneself 自便 make oneself at home 別客氣
upset oneself 自尋煩惱 say to oneself 自言自語 teach oneself 自學(xué)
注意：必須與前面的主語使用同一人稱和數(shù)
The man is rich, he can buy a lot of things.
A. he B. his C. himself
2. --- What a lovely card! Where did you buy it
---I made it by .
A.me B. myself C. itself
3. ”Help to some chicken,” my mother said to the guests.
A. yourself B. yourselves C. your
C
B
B
4
指示代詞
一、定義
指示代詞是表示指示概念的代詞，用來指示或標(biāo)識(shí)人或事物 。它們與定冠詞和人稱代詞一樣，都具有指定的含義，用來起指示作用，或用來代替前面已提到過的名詞。
二、分類
代詞 含義及用法
this 近指 指時(shí)間或空間上接近的人或事物，可以與here連用，或用來代替下文要講的事 this指代單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞
these these指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞
that 遠(yuǎn)指 指時(shí)間或空間上較遠(yuǎn)的人或事物，可以與there連用，或用來代替前面提到過的事 that指代單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞
those those指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞
三、用法
（1）What I want to know is this: are all of you here
指代下文提到的事情
（2）He was ill. That was why he didn’t go to school.
指代上文提到的內(nèi)容
（3）The taste of Sichuan cuisine is totally different from that of Guangdong cuisine.
that相當(dāng)于the taste
常用于比較句型中，指代上文提到的名詞
四、易混點(diǎn)
考點(diǎn) 用法
it 特指上文同一個(gè) 指代單數(shù)，不可數(shù)
I like the blue sweater. I’ll take it.
that 特指上文同一類（比較結(jié)構(gòu)） 指代單數(shù)（=the one）,不可數(shù)
The bike which I want to buy is more beautiful than that he has.
those 指代復(fù)數(shù)（=the ones）
The books on this shelf are less interesting than those one that shelf.
one 泛指上文同一類 指代單數(shù)
I don’t have a dictionary, and I am going to buy one.
ones 指代復(fù)數(shù)
Tom has a red pencil and two blue ones.
五、such用法
可以用來指代前面或提到過的某個(gè)人或某件事，多作主語，“這樣，這種，如此（地步）”
such as to 這樣......以至于....../如此......以至于......
Such was my immediate impression.
His manner was such as to defend everyone who he met.
1. The school its academic record.
A. prides itself on B. prides itself in C. prides in D. prides on
2. No bread eaten by man is so sweet as earned by his own labor.
A. that B. one C. such D. what
3.The milk is so hot that I can’t drink now.
A. that B. them C. one D. it
4. His remark were annoy everybody at the meeting.
A. so as to B. such as to C. such to D. as much as to
B
A
D
B
5
不定代詞
一、定義
不定代詞，是語法術(shù)語，在句中可以作主語、賓語、表語、定語和狀語。不定代詞是不指明代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞。
二、考點(diǎn)：“三三兩兩”
Both of them are from China.
Neither is convincing.
All the three students are young.
None of the furniture gets wet.
都 都不 任一
兩者 both neither either
>=三者 all none any
both...and...
neither...nor...
either...or...
Neither the boys nor a girl is to blame.
Either his father or his grandparents attend the meeting.
遵循就近原則
1. of them knew about the plan because it was kept a secret.
A. Each B. Any C. No one D. None
2. of the twins was arrested, because I saw both at a party last night.
A. None B. Both C. Niether D. All
3.Either Tom or the twins __ the way to the shop.
A. know B. knows C. finds
4. Neither you nor I ___ a scientist.
A. is B. are C. am
5.Both Tom and Mary ___ hard.
A. studies B. study C. studying
D
C
A
C
B
三、“每一”
every三者或三者以上中的每個(gè)，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體
each兩者或兩者以上的每個(gè)，強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體
Every student in the classroom took part in the performance.
=All students in his class took part in the performance.
Each side of the street was crowded with people.
Each child will find his own personal road to success.
三、“每一”
I asked all the children and each child told me a different story.
The teacher had a talk with each of us.
Every moment deserves us to treasure.
形容詞
名詞
有名詞性和形容詞性用法
形容詞
僅有形容詞性用法
四、few, a few, little, a little
He has few friends.
He has a few friends.
I have little money and little free time.
She needs a little water.
few表否定，接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)
a few表肯定，接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)
little表否定，接不可數(shù)名詞
a little表肯定，接不可數(shù)名詞
Although all the girls have tried their best , only ___ pass the exam.
A. few B. a few C. a little
2. Don’t worry .There is ____ time left .
A. little B. a little C. few
3. You are so great! ____ people in the school can do it .
A. A little B. Little C. Few
B
B
C
五、other家族
單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)
泛指 another（另外一個(gè)，再一個(gè)） 作定語 作主語或賓語
other (people) others
特指 the other（另外那個(gè)） the other (people) the others
五、other家族
one…the other… 一個(gè)······另一個(gè) some…others… 一些······另一些 some…the others… 一些······其余的
You can ask other people for help.
Some designs are better than others.
He has two sisters. One is a teacher, the other is a writer.
I went swimming while the others played tennis.
There are 2,000 students in our school. Some are Japanese, some are English, the others are Chinese.
I want to have another apple.
1. of them knew about the plan because it was kept a secret.
A. Each B. Any C. No one D. None
2. of the twins was arrested, because I saw both at a party last night.
A. None B. Both C. Niether D. All
3. He showed me some designs and of them had different features.
A. every B. that C. each D. much
4. Three people spoke at the meeting. One is a lawyer, a teacher, and the third is a social worker.
A. other B. the other C. others D. another
D
C
C
D
5. No agreement was reached as neither side would give way to .
A. another B. any other C. the other D. other
C
6
復(fù)合不定代詞
一、定義
復(fù)合不定代詞是由some-，any-，no-，every-加上-one，-body，-thing，-time所組成的不定代詞。
二、分類
someone 某人 somebody 某人 something 某事
anyone 任何人 anybody 任何人 anything 任何事物
no one 沒有人 nobody 沒有人 nothing 沒有什么
everyone 每人 everybody 每人 everything 每件事
some用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑問句
三、用法
①“不形”結(jié)構(gòu)：復(fù)合不定代詞+形容詞
I am looking for something difficult.
②復(fù)合不定代詞做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)
Nothing is more important than health.
四、常見結(jié)構(gòu)
anything but：根本不，決不 nothing but：僅僅，不外乎
all but：幾乎，除了.....之外都...... none but：僅僅
none other than：不是別人，正是......
Henry is anything but a scholar.
Nothing but a miracle can save her now.
We all but succeeded.
1. Unluckily, he could do about his situation at that time.
A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing
D

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