資源簡介

(共30張PPT)
高三一輪復習
句子結構分析（二）
英語語篇中長難句的理解與應用
教學目標
了解長難句的主要類型。
掌握長難句的分析策略， 學會運用策略分析復雜句子。
通過分析長難句，聯系語篇，學會實際運用，做出正確選擇。
1.句子基本成分：
主要成分：
次要成分：
2. 句子類型：
簡單句
并列句 復合句
主語和謂語----主干
賓語，表語，定語，狀語，同位語，補語。
內容回顧
1. In the classroom there are some senior three students.
2. In the classroom there are some senior three students, who are listening to a lecture attentively.
3. In the classroom there are some senior three students, who are listening to a lecture attentively given by Ms. Lu, our beautiful English teacher.
→ 長難句
定語從句
過去分詞短語作定語
同位語
簡單句
簡單句
添加：
生詞 、結構復雜----難
復合句、同位語、非謂語、插入語、特殊句式
---- 長
多
長難句的特點
長難句主要類型
He left Canton, Michigan for New York, got a job waiting tables, nicknamed himself the Diabetic(糖尿病的) Rockstar, and created , a free online community for diabetics and their loved ones.
主干：
長難句主要類型
He left Canton, Michigan for New York, got a job waiting tables, nicknamed himself the Diabetic(糖尿病的) Rockstar, and created , a free online community for diabetics and their loved ones.
主干：
He left Canton, Michigan for New York, got a job waiting tables, nicknamed himself the Diabetic(糖尿病的) Rockstar, and created , a free online community for diabetics and their loved ones.
主干：
一. 復雜的簡單句
長難句主要類型
The hot sun had caused the dough (面團) to double in size and fermenting yeast made the surface shake and sigh as though it was breathing.
主干：
as though:
and 連接兩并列句
二. 長難并列句
The hot sun had caused the dough (面團) to double in size and fermenting yeast made the surface shake and sigh as though it was breathing.
主干：
as though:
and 連接兩并列句
狀語從句
二. 長難并列句
The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.
主干:
非謂語短語(shown in ....decades):
that 從句:
The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.
主干:
非謂語短語(shown in ....decades):
that 從句:
The great interest in exceptional children (shown in public education over the past three decades) indicates the strong feeling in our society (that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.)
主干:
非謂語短語(shown in ....decades):
that 從句:
定語
同位語從句
三. 長難復合句
“Never before have we had the innovations（創新 ）in technology which have led to agriculture in this country being the most efficient it has ever been,” he said.
主干：
which從句：
倒裝句，否定詞放句首
“Never before have we had the innovations（創新 ）in technology which have led to agriculture in this country being the most efficient it has ever been,” he said.
主干：
which從句：
倒裝句，否定詞放句首
定語從句，which指 innovations
四. 長難特殊句式
(1) 關鍵：先找到句子的 即句子 , 從整體上把握句子的結構。
(2) 找到 動詞、從句的 ，插入語和特殊句式，分析它們的功能。
(3) 關注語篇，整體把握大意。
主語、謂語,
主干
非謂語
引導詞
總結：長難句分析策略
高考語篇中的長難句分析及其應用
A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure(基礎設施) and operations 40% by 2050.
主干：
that從句：
非謂語短語replacing....shared system ：
賓語從句
主語
The G700 Tactical Flashlight is currently the most popular tactical flashlight of choice for most Americans due to its powerfully disorienting “strobe mode” that allows the user to flash a blinding light into the attackers eyes, leaving them “disoriented beyond belief.”
主干：
介詞短語（“due to....strobe mode”）:
that從句：
非謂語短語（leaving them.....belief）:
狀語
定語從句
狀語
詞義猜測
2.The underlined phrase "disoriented beyond belief " in para.4 probably means
A. disappointed C. unconfident
B. dizzy D.annoyed
Chinese medicine, which tends to take longer time to take effect, with a focus to work in harmony with the body, is to restore imbalance causing diseases rather than targeting only the specific symptom or problem area.
主干：
which從句：
非謂語短語：
Chinese medicine, which tends to take longer time to take effect, with a focus to work in harmony with the body, is to restore imbalance causing diseases rather than targeting only the specific symptom or problem area.
主干：
which從句：
非謂語短語：
定語從句
定語
3. Why is Chinese medicine mentioned in the passage 推理判斷
A.To help better understand Taoism.
B.To define the concept of yin and yang.
C.To emphasize the contributions of Taoism.
D.To express the author's pride in Chinese culture.
Taoism provides us with many aspects of the special nature of Chinese culture and philosophy. The concept of yin and yang in Taoism, which brings us balance through the integration of opposites, is well-known but not fully understood in the West.
Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton（浮游植物） in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.
主干：
非謂語短語leading to ....：
段落大意：
42. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about
A. The various patterns at the ocean surface.
B. The cause of the changes in ocean colour.
C.The way light reflects off marine organisms.
D. The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton
狀語
段尾
Evidence suggests that a key step is to develop a policy on bullying , saying clearly what bullying means, and giving explicit guidelines on what will be done if it occurs, what records will be kept, who will be informed and what punishments will be employed. The policy should be developed through consultation over a period of time.
主干：
that從句：
非謂語動詞: saying......and giving......：
三個what從句和一個who 從句：
賓語從句
狀語
Evidence suggests that a key step is to develop a policy on bullying , saying clearly what bullying means, and giving explicit guidelines on what will be done if it occurs, what records will be kept, who will be informed and what punishments will be employed. The policy should be developed through consultation over a period of time.
主干：
that從句：
非謂語動詞: saying......and giving......：
三個what 從句和一個who 從句：
賓語從句
狀語
Evidence suggests that a key step is to develop a policy on bullying , saying clearly what bullying means, and giving explicit guidelines on what will be done if it occurs, what records will be kept, who will be informed and what punishments will be employed. The policy should be developed through consultation over a period of time.
主干：
that從句：
非謂語動詞: saying......and giving......：
三個what 從句和一個who 從句：
賓語從句
狀語
賓語從句
細節理解
3. According to the passage, what is the most important part of reducing bullying
A.Develop a policy through consultation.
B.Deal with the topic through the curriculum.
C. Work with individual pupils or in small groups.
D. Give detailed guidelines on the right things to do.
總結
找到句子主干
層層剝開分析（復合句、非謂、特殊句、同位語等）
關注語篇，整體把握大意，準確理解語篇所傳遞信息。
Homework
整理筆記，體會理解如何運用策略分析長難句。
課后收集兩句歷年高考中出現的長難句，以小組為單位進行賞析理解，下次課分享。

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