資源簡介

(共41張PPT)
Period Ⅳ　Using Language & Other Parts of the Unit
UNIT 3　ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
聽力 微技能
研讀 教材原文
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1
2
4
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夯實 語言基礎
3
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精析 核心要點
1
聽力 微技能
總結概括信息
在積極的傾聽過程中，概括總結可幫助你記憶和思考所聽到的要點信息。為了寫好總結，必須一邊聽一邊記錄聽到的要點。總結的時候，要盡可能簡潔，用自己的語言。對此種能力的考查在高考聽力獨白題中比較常見的是“Topic”題型。
1.問題類型
(1)What is the topic of the passage
(2)What is the main subject/idea of the passage
(3)What is the passage mainly talking about
2.解題技巧
“Topic”題型主要考查應試者對一段獨白的中心思想的把握，即對主題的內容是否有基本的了解。這類題目都具有鮮明的英文寫作的結構特點，通常是總—分—總結構，即段首總括提出觀點，中間具體論證說明觀點，結尾用結論扣題，與開頭的觀點相呼應。所以聽好開頭和結尾的語句，可以幫助把握整篇獨白的中心。
【典題印證】　What does Jeff mainly talk about
A.England’s moment of success.
B.English flag as a symbol of hope.
C.England’s all－time favourite sport.
[聽力原文]　
M：Hello，I’m Jeff Anderson from Coventry，England.And in today’s program，I’d like to share with you a special kind of English culture—the football.A lot of people in England are crazy about football.During the football season whenever there is a big match，all the flags for local football teams，such as Liverpool and Newcastle，are hung outside every window，or even spread proudly on T－shirts or scarves...You cannot say you don’t like or do not follow football in England，as often this would lead to a long dialogue in which someone would begin telling you why you should support their team.
[解題思路]　C　[此題考查的是主旨大意，根據開頭“And in today’s program...the football.”以及結尾“You cannot say you don’t like...why you should support their team.”可知選C。]
2
研讀 教材原文
Step Ⅰ　Read for the main idea
1.The passage mainly talks about ________________________________________ and ________________________________________ in the Li River.
the water pollution
measures taken to deal with it
2.The passage can be divided into three parts：
water pollution
the reasons
some
measures and further solutions
√
Step Ⅱ　Read between the lines
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What can we know about Li River from Paragraph 1
A.It is the most famous tourist destination in China.
B.Millions of visitors come to visit it from home and abroad.
C.The water there is dirty all the time.
D.There are no efficient solutions to the water pollution.
√
2.Which is NOT the cause of the Li River’s pollution
A.Many tour boats.
B.More household and commercial waste.
C.Too many fish species.
D.More chemicals.
3.What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A.People can do nothing to reduce water pollution in the Li River.
B.Tourists are not allowed to visit the Li River.
C.The local authorities never inspect the Li River.
D.Some measures have been taken to reduce water pollution in the Li River.
√
4.According to the passage，which is NOT the measures that have been taken to reduce the pollution of the river
A.Preserving new generation.
B.The construction of waste water treatment facilities.
C.Setting up strict regulations.
D.Spreading environmental awareness.
√
5.What does the author think of the measures that have been taken
A.Effective. B.Harmless.
C.Useless. D.Opposed.
6.What is the genre of this passage
A.Prose(散文). B.Narration.
C.Argumentation. D.Report.
√
√
Step Ⅲ　Read for beautiful sentences
(Ⅰ)Read the report and find out the sentence that shows the purpose of the report.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(Ⅱ)Read the report and find out the sentence that shows what the Li River was previously.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
This report looks at the problem of water pollution and some actions that have been taken to deal with it.
Previously,water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists，many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river.
(Ⅲ)Read the report and find out the sentences that show the actions taken.
1.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A comprehensive initiative was started，with a number of measures that addressed the issues.
The local government set up strict regulations regarding further industrial development.
Furthermore，the local authorities began to use the media to spread environmental awareness and encourage greater use of clean energy.
In addition，the ambitious“Water Ten Plan” is also now tackling water pollution across the country.
(Ⅳ)Read the report and find out the sentences for a bright future.
1.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With these measures，it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come.
With such campaigns in effect，China’s waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future.
3
夯實 語言基礎
Ⅰ.寫作單詞——記其形
1.____________ n.量；體積；(成套書籍中的)一卷
2.____________ vt.恢復；使復原；修復
3.____________ vt.對……處以罰款 n.罰金；罰款
4.____________ n.運動；戰役 vi.& vt.參加運動；領導運動
5.____________ n.(一)打；十二個
volume
restore
fine
campaign
dozen
Ⅱ.閱讀單詞——知其意
1.smog n. ______________________________
2.waterway n. ________________
3.agenda n. ___________________
4.garbage n. ________________
5.enterprise n. ___________________
煙霧(煙與霧混合的空氣污染物)
水道；航道
議程表；議事日程
垃圾；廢物
公司；企業；事業
Ⅲ.拓展單詞——通其變
1.origin n.起源；起因；由來
____________ vi.& vt.起源；發源；創立
____________ adj.原始的；最初的；獨創的；新穎的
____________ adv.原來；起初
2.dispose vt.& vi.處理；安排
____________ n.去掉；清除；處理
____________ adj.一次性的；用完即丟棄的
originate
original
originally
disposal
disposable
3.tolerate vt.忍受；包容；容許
____________ adj.寬容的；容忍的
____________ n.寬容；容忍
4.regular adj.定期的；規律的
____________ adv.定期地；規律地
____________ vt.調節；規定；控制
____________ n.章程；規章制度
tolerant
tolerance
regularly
regulate
regulation
5.inspect vt.檢查；視察；檢閱
____________ n.檢查；查看；視察
6.conserve vt.保存
____________ n.對(環境、文物等)保護；保持
inspection
conservation
Ⅳ.必備短語——英漢譯
1.________________處理，應付；與……打交道
2.________________有助于；導致；把時間投入到……；對……作貢獻
3.________________結束
4.________________大量的，許多
5.________________成立，建立
6.________________許多；很多
7.________________執行；實行；貫徹
deal with
contribute to
end up
a number of
set up
dozens of
carry out
8.________________此外
9.________________尋找
10.________________滅絕
11.__________________為……負責
12.have an effect on ________________
13.be disposed of ________________
in addition
in search of
die out
be responsible for
對……有影響
被處理掉
Ⅴ.常用句型——會仿寫
1.句型公式：“代詞/數詞＋介詞＋關系代詞”引導的非限制性定語從句
[原句]　Previously，water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists，many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river.
以往，漓江的水質因游客量的增長遭到了嚴重破壞，一些游客頻繁將垃圾扔入江中。
仿寫：最后，對完成的作品進行了評審，其中十部作品獲得了獎項。
Finally，the completed works were judged，____________________________.
ten of which received awards
2.句型公式：with復合結構
[原句]　Water pollution levels increased,with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river.
水污染水平上升，更多的家庭和商業廢物最終流入江中。
仿寫： 又絕望又疲憊，Jane跪了下來，眼淚順著她的臉頰流了下來。
Desperate and exhausted，Jane knelt down，
________________________________________.
with tears rolling down her cheeks
3.句型公式：It is believed that...
[原句]　With these measures，it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come.
有了這些措施，人們相信漓江的美麗將世世代代保存下來。
仿寫： 人們認為這是迄今為止在中國發現的最早的也是最大的古代造紙作坊。
________________________________________ it is the earliest and largest ancient paper－making workshop site ever found in China.
It is believed that
精析 核心要點
4
1.originate vi.& vt.起源；發源；創立
·origin n.起源；起因；由來
·original adj.原始的；最初的；獨創的；新穎的
·originally adv.原來；起初
[佳句背誦]　All theories originate from practice and in turn serve practice.
所有的理論都來源于實踐并反過來為實踐服務。
(1)originate in　起源于
originate from 來自
(2)in origin 源自；起因
[活學巧用]　單句語法填空/補全句子
The disease is thought to have originated ____________ the tropics.
All knowledge originates ______________ labour.
Though _______________________________________，both have the ability to paralyze action and prevent progress.
雖然這兩種說法起源不同，但都可能阻滯行動、阻礙進程。
in
from
the statements differ in origin
2.conservation n.對(環境、文物等)保護；保持；節約
·conserve vt.保護；保存；節省；節約
[佳句背誦]　To begin with,don’t overfish to form a good habit of conservation of fishery resources.(短文投稿，2022·全國甲卷)
首先，不要過度捕撈，養成保護漁業資源的良好習慣。
[活學巧用]　語境辨義
We do not ruin urban conservation areas，where many precious plants are preserved.____________
Energy conservation is of vital importance to us because our society is facing energy shortage.____________
n.保護
n.節約
3.tolerate vt.忍受；包容；容許
·tolerance n.寬容；容忍
·tolerant adj.寬容的；容忍的
[佳句背誦]　As we can not tolerate students cheating in exams，a campaign is to be launched to make students realize the importance of honesty.(倡議書)
由于無法容忍學生在考試中作弊，我們將發起一場活動讓學生意識到誠實的重要性。
(1)tolerate (doing) sth　容忍(做)某事
(2)have no tolerance of/for... 不能容忍……
(3)be tolerant of/towards... 容忍……， 對……寬容
[名師點津]　tolerate/stand“忍受”，后只接動詞－ing形式作賓語；bear/ endure可接動詞－ing和動詞不定式兩種形式作賓語。
[活學巧用]　單句語法填空/補全句子
If neighbors want to get along well with each other，they have to show their ____________(tolerate).
Instead of blaming the child，she gave him a ____________ (tolerate) smile and let him go.
tolerance
tolerant
__________________________________________________________________，
so we will launch a campaign to appeal to people to protect our oceans.
(短文投稿，2022·全國甲卷)
我們不能容忍人們向海洋扔垃圾，所以我們將發起一項運動，呼吁人們保護我們的海洋。
We can’t tolerate people/people’s throwing garbage into oceans
Water pollution levels increased，with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river.
水污染水平上升，更多的家庭和商業廢物最終流入江中。
句型公式|with復合結構
with復合結構在句中作狀語或定語。其中賓語補足語可以是現在分詞、過去分詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、名詞、不定式等。
[佳句背誦]　
With the door open，I tiptoed into the room out of curiosity and a sudden voice behind me frightened the pants off me.(心理描寫)
門開著，出于好奇，我躡手躡腳地走進房間，突然一個聲音從我身后傳來，嚇得我魂飛魄散。
[活學巧用]　單句語法填空/補全句子
With the drums ____________(beat) merrily，their joyful music shook the whole house like before.
With much work ____________ (do)，the newly－elected president is like a cat on a hot brick.
I sat in my room for a few minutes ___________________________________.
我在房間坐了一會兒，眼睛盯著天花板。
The old man often takes a walk after supper ___________________________.
這位老人晚飯后經常散步，他的貓跟著他。
beating
to do
with my eyes fixed on the ceiling
with his cat following him
THANKS
本節內容結束(共28張PPT)
Period Ⅴ　Writing——有關環境問題的報告
UNIT 3　ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
點撥 寫作技巧
積累 寫作素材
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1
2
4
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示例 分步寫作
3
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跟蹤 落實檢查
1
點撥 寫作技巧
一、技法指導
報告是一種應用文體，是在對特定對象深入考察了解的基礎上，經過歸納整理，分析研究，進而揭示事物的本質，得出符合實際的結論，用文字形式表現出來。寫作時要注意知識的科學性，行文的條理性和語言的準確性。
二、篇章結構
2
積累 寫作素材
一、亮點詞匯
1.environmental　環境的
2.poisonous 有毒的
3.pour 傾倒
4.rubbish 垃圾
5.threaten 威脅
6.existence 生存
7.reduce 減少
8.recycle 回收利用
9.give off 發出(氣味、光、熱等)
10.cut down 砍伐
11.deal with 應對
12.take measures 采取措施
13.do harm to 對……有害
14.be/live in harmony with 與……和諧共處
15.bring...under control 把……控制住
16.be/become aware of 意識到
17.raise the awareness of 提高……的意識
18.live a low－carbon life 過低碳生活
19.develop new and clean energy 發展新型清潔能源
20.harmonious environment 和諧的環境
21.contribute to 有助于；導致；把時間投入到；對……作貢獻
二、高級句式
1.首段：表明現狀，描述問題
① Many beautiful rivers and lakes have been polluted by the waste water from factories，and the polluted water even does harm to people as well as other living things.
許多美麗的河流和湖泊已經被工廠的廢水污染，被污染的水甚至對人和其他的生物有害。
②With the global warming becoming more and more serious，some Arctic species will probably die out.
隨著全球變暖變得越來越嚴重，一些北極物種可能會滅絕。
③Air and water are being polluted so that the environment in which animals live is destroyed.
空氣和水正受到污染，因此動物生存的環境被破壞。
④The extreme weather has caused people much inconvenience and trouble，especially for those who work outdoors.
極端天氣給人們帶來了諸多不便和麻煩，特別是給那些室外作業的人。
⑤Nowadays，the issue of environmental protection is becoming more and more important.
如今，環境保護的問題正變得越來越重要。
2.中段：建議措施
①There is no doubt that some factories which pour waste water and the visitors who throw garbage into the lake will get fined.
毫無疑問，一些傾倒廢水的工廠和向湖中扔垃圾的游客將被罰款。
②I make an urgent appeal that measures should be taken to cope with the situation.
我急切呼吁應該采取措施應對現狀。
③ It’s high time that we should protect our environment from being polluted.
現在是我們保護環境不受污染的時候了。
④ More trees and flowers have been planted to make our school more beautiful.
種了更多的樹和花來，使我們的學校更美麗。
⑤And we should recycle，reduce and reuse things，for this saves money and reduces pollution.
我們應該回收、減少和重復使用一些東西，因為這樣能節省錢，也能減少污染。
⑥We should balance advantages against disadvantages of development and keep the balance of nature.
我們應該平衡發展的利弊和維持自然的平衡。
⑦It’s time to raise people’s awareness of environmental protection and appeal to more people to care for wildlife.
是時候提高人們的環境保護意識，呼吁更多的人關心野生動植物了。
⑧The government suggests that people go to work or school on public transportation，such as the bus and the underground.
政府建議人們乘坐公共交通工具上班或上學，如公共汽車和地鐵。
3.尾段：提出希望
①If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment，the earth will become much more beautiful.
如果每個人都為保護環境做出貢獻，地球將變得更加美麗。
②It’s our duty to protect the environment from being polluted.
保護環境不受污染是我們的責任。
3
示例 分步寫作
假設你是新華中學的學生李華，請根據以下提示，針對你的家鄉近兩年頻繁遭受沙塵暴襲擊的情況，寫一份環境問題的報告，向某英語報社投稿，呼吁大家植樹造林，保護環境。
1.過去家鄉樹木成林；
2.如今人們毀林種地建房；
3.氣候變化，土地荒漠化；
4.植樹造林，人人有責。
注意：開頭和結尾已經給出，但不計入總詞數。
第一步：要點翻譯
1.我寫信是想表達我對家鄉環境的看法。
I’m writing to express my views _______________________________________
in my hometown.
2.茂密的森林和綠草隨處可見。
Thick forests and green grass ________________________________________.
concerning the environment
could be seen everywhere
3.在我的家鄉，人們一直砍伐樹木和挖草，以建造房屋和種植更多的莊稼。這使得土地逐漸變成沙漠。
People in my hometown _____________________________________________
_____________________________ build houses and plant more crops.It causes land to become desert gradually.
4.沙塵暴經常襲擊我的家鄉，尤其在近兩年。人們飽受沙塵暴之苦。
Sandstorms often ____________________________________，especially in the past two years.People _____________________________________ sandstorms.
have been cutting down trees and digging
up grass in order to
strike my hometown
suffer a lot from
5.為了防止沙漠化的進程，我希望所有人愛護森林，種植更多的樹木，而不是砍伐它們。
____________________________________________________ desertification，I hope all the people take good care of the forests and plant more trees ___________________________________________________________________.
To prevent the process of
instead of cutting them down
第二步：詞句升級
1.用現在分詞短語作結果狀語升級要點3
In order to build houses and plant more crops，people in my hometown have been cutting down trees and digging up grass，___________________________
________________________________________.
2.用“介詞＋關系代詞”引導的非限制性定語從句升級要點4
Sandstorms often strike my hometown，especially in the past two years，___________________________________________________________________.
causing land to become desert gradually
from which people suffer a lot
第三步：連句成篇
I’m a student at Xinhua Middle School. I’m writing to express my views concerning the environment in my hometown.My hometown used to be a beautiful place.Thick forests and green grass could be seen everywhere.
However，nowadays，in order to build houses and plant more crops，people in my hometown have been cutting down trees and digging up grass，causing land to become desert gradually.
Sandstorms often strike my hometown，especially in the past two years，from which people suffer a lot.
To prevent the process of desertification，I hope all the people take good care of the forests and plant more trees instead of cutting them down.Then our living conditions will soon be improved.
I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
跟蹤 落實檢查
4
隨著經濟的發展，環境問題日益凸顯，為了加強學生們的環保意識，學校打算開展以“為家鄉空氣污染問題出謀劃策”為主題的征文活動，警示人們要保護環境。請你寫一篇報告，內容要點如下：
1.寫明家鄉空氣污染的原因；
2.建設綠色家鄉，建議采取什么措施(2－3點)；
3.倡議大家行動起來。
注意：可適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。
【參考范文】
With the development of the economy，our hometown has witnessed severe air pollution for several years.This report looks at the causes of air pollution and some useful actions.
The severe air pollution alarms us of the heavy load we have exerted on Earth by our inappropriate actions.Therefore，urgent steps should be taken to alleviate this issue.
Initially，industrial companies should adopt new forms of energy as substitutes for fossil fuels.Also，governments can carry out inspections regularly.As for individuals，they should raise environmental awareness and try more environment－friendly transportation means instead of private cars.With these measures，it is believed that the fresh air of our hometown will be preserved for generations to enjoy.
Let’s spare no effort to make contributions to alleviating air pollution problem of our hometown!
THANKS
本節內容結束(共27張PPT)
UNIT 3　ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
讀后續寫微技能三
情緒描寫之“擔憂與絕望”
1.Tony stood there helplessly，frowning.
托尼無助地站在那里，皺著眉。
2.Mary was close to crying with anxiety and fear.
瑪麗既擔心又害怕，幾乎要哭了。
3.Everything around them was swallowed by the darkness，undoubtedly leaving them even more helpless and hopeless.
他們周圍的一切都被黑暗吞噬，這無疑使他們更加無助和絕望。
4.Lost in the mountain，they had nothing to do but wait for rescue anxiously.
他們在山里迷了路，做不了什么，只好焦急地等待救援。
5.As the evening wore on，they grew increasingly/more and more worried.
隨著夜色漸深，他們越來越擔憂。
It was foggy outside when he rode slowly home.Suddenly，without warning，his bike hit a rock，throwing him to the ground，face down.The fog around him grew thicker，and 1.__________________________________________. It didn’t take him long to come to himself and realize his left ankle was swollen and his face was bleeding heavily.He panicked.He was close to 2._____________________
_____________，and 3.________________________________________________. Thankfully，an elderly man passing by grabbed him tightly by the arm and he was helped to his feet.Without any delay，he was sent to the hospital.
he collapsed and lay motionlessly for a while
crying with anxiety
and fear
he had nothing to do but wait for rescue anxiously
外面起了霧，他慢慢地騎車回家。突然，毫無征兆地，他的自行車撞到了一塊石頭，他臉朝下摔在了地上。他周圍的霧越來越濃，他癱倒在地，一動不動地躺了一會兒。沒過多久他就清醒過來，意識到自己的左腳踝腫了，臉上血流不止。他驚慌失措。他既擔心又害怕，幾乎要哭了。他什么也做不了，只好焦急地等待救援。幸運的是，一位路過的老人緊緊抓住他的胳膊，扶他站了起來。他立即被送往醫院。
研讀 教材原文
Period Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking——通文本
Step Ⅰ　Read for the main idea
1.What does the text mainly tell us
A.Some polar bears died of starvation.
B.What the greenhouse effect is.
C.Global warming has caused some disasters and we must pay attention to it.
D.How polar bears find food.
√
2.Match the main idea of each part.
Part 1(Paras.1 & 2)　 A.The effects of the rise in temperature.
Part 2(Para.3) B.The causes of global warming.
Part 3 (Para.4) C.The solutions to reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Part 4(Para.5) D.The evidence of dramatic climate change.
答案　Part 1 D　Part 2 B　Part 3 A　Part 4 C
Step Ⅱ　Read the lines
(Ⅰ)Answer the following question.
What should governments and individuals do to deal with climate change
(Ask the students to find out the answer by scanning the last paragraph quickly，try to translate it into Chinese and pay attention to useful expressions.If possible，encourage them to keep them in mind.)
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming，along with its causes and impacts，because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet.
制定政策________________________________________
采取合適的行動和措施去做某事
________________________________________________
降低溫室氣體排放 ________________________________________
降低“碳足跡” ________________________________________
限制二氧化碳的排放量________________________________________
做某事是……的責任________________________________________
抓住每一次做某事的機會________________________________________
也，和________________________________________
make policies
take appropriate actions and measures to do sth
reduce greenhouse gas emissions
reduce “carbon footprint”
restrict the amount of carbon dioxide
It is one’s responsibility to do sth
seize every opportunity to do sth
along with
√
(Ⅱ)Read the text quickly and choose the best answer.
1.Which of the following is not a proof of a dramatic change in the global climate
A.A warming ocean and atmosphere.
B.Melting ice.
C.Rising sea levels.
D.A large population.
√
2.Which of the following can replace the word “alarming” in Paragraph 2
A.Relaxing. B.Worrying.
C.Awful. D.Troublesome.
3.How does the author develop Paragraph 3
A.By giving definition.
B.By citing quotation.
C.By giving examples.
D.By listing numbers.
√
√
4.In the “natural” greenhouse effect，how is heat released back into space
A.In short wave form.
B.At longer wave lengths.
C.In the form of methane.
D.In the form of carbon dioxide.
5.Which of the following is not mentioned to deal with global warming
A.People do not use plastic bags in their daily life.
B.Governments make policies and take measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
C.People change inappropriate lifestyles.
D.People educate others about global warming，along with its causes and impacts.
√
Step Ⅲ　Read between the lines
(Ⅰ)Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What is the genre of this passage
A.Prose(散文). B.Narration.
C.Argumentation. D.Exposition.
2.In which part of a newspaper or magazine may we find this passage
A.Entertainment. B.Economy.
C.Education. D.Environment.
√
√
3.What’s the author’s purpose of writing this text
A.To show us the bad effects of global warming.
B.To explain the meaning of “carbon footprint”.
C.To tell us to prevent disasters from happening.
D.To call on us to do our bit to protect our planet.
√
(Ⅱ)Read the text carefully again and answer the question.
Why did the author mention the climate scientists’ warning
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Because the author wants to warn us of the urgency of taking appropriate actions to tackle the issue.
Step Ⅳ　Read beyond the lines
1.Do you think climate change is the result of human activity？Give your reasons.(Critical thinking)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.As a student，what should you do to deal with climate change
(Creative thinking)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Step Ⅴ　Sentence－learning
Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1.Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”，which has two common meanings：the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man－made” greenhouse effect.
[句式分析]　此句為復合句。“Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the ‘greenhouse effect’”為主句，其中“called the ‘greenhouse effect’”為過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾a key climate process；關系代詞which引導非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞“the‘greenhouse effect’”。
嘗試翻譯：_________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
氣候科學家經常提到一個關鍵的氣候過程，叫作“溫室效應”，它有兩個常見的含義：“自然”溫室效應和“人為”溫室效應。
2.There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide，not only causing serious damage，but also costing human lives.
[句式分析]　此句為復合句。“There is strong and comprehensive evidence”為主句；that引導同位語從句，解釋說明evidence的內容，其中“not only...but also...”連接兩個作結果狀語的現在分詞短語。
嘗試翻譯：________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
充分而全面的證據表明，氣溫上升已導致全球極端天氣和自然災害增多，不僅造成嚴重的破壞，而且還造成生命損失。
3.It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming，along with its causes and impacts，because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet.
[句式分析]　此句為復合句。“It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming”為主句，其中It作形式主語，而不定式短語“to seize every opportunity...global warming”為真正主語；because引導原因狀語從句，其中“affecting all of us on this planet”為現在分詞短語作后置定語，修飾“the most serious issue”；“along with its causes and impacts”為插入結構，解釋說明整個句子。
嘗試翻譯：_________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
我們有責任抓住每一個機會教育每個人，使他們了解全球變暖及其原因和影響，因為這是影響我們地球上所有人的最嚴重的問題。
Step Ⅵ　Post－reading
Fill in the blanks according to the text.
There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer.In 2013，many people 1.______________ (shock) by a news photo of a dead polar bear which died of 2.______________ (starve).Experts claimed that low sea－ice levels 3._____________ (cause) by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before，so it had to travel greater distances to find food.Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”，4._____________
were shocked
starvation
caused
which
has two common meanings: the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man－made” greenhouse effect.The “man－made” greenhouse effect has now become 5.________________ big problem.There is strong and comprehensive evidence 6.______________ the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide.In fact，news reports are 7.____________ (frequent) broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses.Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long－lasting changes to the 8.______________ (globe) climate.This requires the attention of people all over the world.We as
a
that
frequently
global
individuals can reduce our “carbon footprint” by 9.________________ (restrict) the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.It is our responsibility 10._______________ (seize) every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming，along with its causes and impacts.
restricting
to seize
THANKS
本節內容結束(共41張PPT)
Period Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking & Learning About Language——析考點
UNIT 3　ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2
///////
夯實 語言基礎
1
///////
精析 核心要點
1
夯實 語言基礎
Ⅰ.寫作單詞——記其形
1.____________ n.趨勢；趨向；動向
2.____________ vt.& vi.
播送；廣播；傳播 n.廣播節目；電視節目
3.____________ vt.抓住；奪取；控制
4.____________ vt.& n.排放；釋放；發布
5.____________ vt.& vi.改革；(使)改正；改造 n.改革；變革；改良
6.____________ n.政策；方針；原則
trend
broadcast
seize
release
reform
policy
Ⅱ.閱讀單詞——知其意
1.carbon n. ________________
2.fuel n. __________________
3.worldwide adv. ________________
adj. __________________________
4.undergo vt.(underwent，undergone) __________________________
5.submit vt.& vi. ___________________
6.nuclear adj. _____________________________
碳
燃料；刺激性言行
遍及全球地
世界各地的；影響全世界的
經歷；經受(變化、不快等)
提交；呈遞；屈服
原子能的；核能的；原子核的
Ⅲ.拓展單詞——通其變
1.sustain vt.維持；遭受；承受住
____________ adj.可持續的；合理利用的
2.starve vi.& vt.(使)挨餓；餓死
____________ adj.餓極了的；餓得慌的
____________ n.餓死；挨餓；饑餓
3.ecology n.生態；生態學
____________ adj.生態的
____________ n.生態學家
sustainable
starving
starvation
ecological
ecologist
4.habitat n.棲息地
____________ adj.適合居住的
5.frequent adj.頻繁的；經常的 vt.常去，常到
____________ n.頻率；頻繁
____________ adv.頻繁地；經常
6.restrict vt.限制；限定；束縛
____________ n.限制規定；限制法規；約束
____________ adj.限制的；限制性的；約束的
habitable
frequency
frequently
restriction
restrictive
7.moderate adj.適度的；中等的；溫和的vi.& vt.緩和；使適中
____________ n.適度；節制；溫和
8.harmony n.協調；和睦；融洽；調和
____________ adj.和諧的
9.annual adj.每年的；一年的 n.年刊；年鑒
____________ adv.一年一次地
10.sense n.感覺；知覺
____________ adj.敏感的；善解人意的；靈敏的
答案
moderation
harmonious
annually
sensitive
Ⅳ.必備短語——英漢譯
1.__________________對……產生影響
2.________________參考；涉及；指的是
3.________________被困在；陷入
4.________________導致；通向
5.________________采取措施；采取行動
6.________________導致，結果是
7.________________代表(代替)某人
8._____________________采取措施做……
have an impact on
refer to
be trapped in
lead to
take actions
result in
on behalf of
take measures to do...
9.________________被……震驚
10.______________________為……負責任
11.huge amounts of ________________
12.cause damage ______________________
13.force...to do sth ________________
be shocked by
take responsibility for
大量的
造成損失；造成損害
迫使……做某事
Ⅴ.常用句型——會仿寫
1.句型公式：There is no/little doubt that...
[原句]　There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph).
毫無疑問，地球正在變得越來越暖(見圖表)。
仿寫： 毫無疑問，你的熱情和善良可以彌合你和他人之間的隔閡。
___________________________________________________________________
between you and others.
There is little doubt that your passion and kindness can bridge the gap
2.句型公式：現在分詞短語作結果狀語
[原句]　Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere，such as methane and carbon dioxide，trap some of the heat，keeping Earth’s climate warm and habitable.
大氣中的溫室氣體，如甲烷和二氧化碳，會捕獲一些熱量，使地球氣候保持溫暖并適宜居住。
仿寫： 中國修建了更多的高速公路，使人們從一個地方到另一個地方的旅行更加方便。
More highways have been built in China，______________________________
___________________________________________________________________.
making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another
3.句型公式：without表示含蓄條件
[原句]　Without this process，Earth could not sustain life.
沒有這個過程，地球就無法維持生命。
仿寫： 沒有他的理解，我不可能追求我的夢想。
__________________________________，I couldn’t have pursued my dream.
Without his understanding
4.句型公式：not only...but also...
[原句]　There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide，not only causing serious damage，but also costing human lives.
有充分而全面的證據表明，氣溫上升已導致全球極端天氣和自然災害增多，不僅造成嚴重的破壞，而且還造成生命損失。
仿寫： 比賽結束后，我們覺得這項活動不僅提高了我們的身體和心理素質，而且幫助我們樹立了積極的生活態度。
After the race，we felt that __________________________________________
________________________________________，but it also helped us build a positive attitude towards life.(報道，2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)
not only did the event improve our physical
and psychological quality
精析 核心要點
2
1.starve vi.& vt.(使)挨餓；餓死
·starving adj.餓極了的；餓得慌的
·starvation n.餓死；挨餓；饑餓
[佳句背誦]　Penniless and starving，the child stood near the road and begged for a meal.Otherwise he would starve to death.(動作描寫)
這個孩子身無分文又饑腸轆轆，站在路邊要飯，否則就會餓死。
starve to death　餓死
starve sb to death 使某人餓死
starve for 渴望；急需
starve to do sth 渴望去做某事
be starved of/for 極需；缺乏
[活學巧用]　單句語法填空/補全句子
Millions will face ____________ (starve) next year as a result of the drought.
The frontier station was starved _______________ food and water.
starvation
of/for
Eventually，I strongly ______________________ which aspects of traditional Chinese culture arouse your curiosity most.(求助信，2021·全國甲卷)
最后，我非常渴望知道中國傳統文化的哪些方面最能引起你的好奇心。
Consequently，I __________________________________________________
to practise my spoken English，so please accept my application.(申請信)
因此，我一直渴望這樣一個寶貴的機會來練習我的英語口語，所以請接受我的申請。
starve to know
have been starving for such a precious opportunity
2.release vt.& n.排放；釋放；發布
[佳句背誦]　Since the English newspaper— Youth was released，it has attracted many readers，and I am one of them.(短文投稿，2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
自從英文報紙《青年》發行以來，它吸引了許多讀者，我就是其中之一。
release...from...　　把……從……釋放，放出
on release 在公映；發行；釋放
[活學巧用]　語境辨義/補全句子
It was considered unsafe to release the prisoners.____________
They will only release information if it suits them.____________
vt.釋放
vt.發布
An activity “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us” was launched by our school with the aim of ________________________________________________
____________________________________________.(報道，2023·浙江1月卷)
為了讓我們在享受美麗校園的同時釋放沉重的學習壓力，我們學校發起了“認識我們身邊的植物”活動。
Learning that a new movie is ________________________________________ at nine this Saturday，I am starving to enjoy it together with you and please don’t decline my sincere invitation.(邀請信)
得知本周六上午9點將有一部新電影上映，我很想和你一起欣賞，請不要拒絕我誠摯的邀請。
releasing our heavy learning pressure while
letting us enjoy our beautiful campus
to be released/on release
3.trend n.趨勢；趨向；動向
[佳句背誦]　Usually students lack self－discipline.So in my opinion，choosing to learn English beyond classroom is a disturbing trend.
(短文投稿，2022·全國乙卷)
通常學生缺乏自律，所以在我看來，選擇在課堂之外學習英語是一種令人不安的趨勢。
trend towards...　……的趨勢，傾向
the latest trend in ……的最新潮流
fashion trends 時尚潮流
[活學巧用]　單句語法填空/補全句子
The above sentence reflects ____________ trend that nowadays teenagers care more about their phones instead of friends.(觀點態度)
One of the ____________(trend) I have seen concerns the spontaneity of shopping.
Another factor driving the trend _________________ lifelong learning is the changing nature of work.
He always __________________________________________________.
他總是緊跟最新的時尚潮流。
a
trends
towards
follows the latest trend in fashion
4.restrict vt.限制；限定；束縛
·restriction n.限制規定；限制法規；約束
·restricted adj.有限的；受限制的
·restrictive adj.限制性的；約束性的
[佳句背誦]　It’s okay to be anxious，so you don’t have to restrict yourself to only feeling good or happy.
焦慮是正常的，所以你不必把自己局限于感覺良好或快樂。
(1)restrict...to...　把……限制在……
be restricted to 限于
restrict sb/oneself to (doing) sth 約束某人(做)某事
(2)without restriction 毫無限制
[活學巧用]　單句語法填空/補全句子
The park is open to the public without ____________(restrict).
I restrict myself ____________ one cup of coffee a day.
That information ____________(restrict) to hospital staff.
To be smart online learners，we should _______________________________
________________________________.Only _______________________________ and discipline can we learn more efficiently online.(發言稿，2021·全國乙卷)
要成為聰明的在線學習者，我們應該把玩電腦游戲的時間限制在30分鐘以內。只有嚴格的限制和紀律，我們才能更有效地在網上學習。
restriction
to
is restricted
restrict the time of playing
computer games to 30 minutes
with strict restrictions
5.seize vt.抓住；奪取；控制；理解
[佳句背誦]　I seized her by the arm tightly and gazed deep into her eyes，trying to give her courage.(動作描寫)
我緊緊地抓住她的胳膊，深深地凝視著她的眼睛，試圖給她勇氣。
(1)seize sth from...從……抓取/奪取某物
seize sb by the＋部位 抓住某人……
seize the chance/opportunity 抓住機會
seize on/upon 采用；抓住；利用
(2)seize...by surprise 突襲……
be seized by/with被(強烈的情感、愿望等)影響
[活學巧用]　語境辨義/補全句子
Jane was quick to seize the meaning of what the teacher said at the meeting.
____________
Given that you don’t get along well with oral English，_________________
___________________________________________________________________.
(建議信)
鑒于你口語不好，我強烈建議你抓住每個機會說英語。
vt.理解
I strongly suggest that you (should) seize every chance to speak English
The moment I saw my father’s cloudy face，___________________________
_________________________________________________________.(心理描寫)
我一看到父親陰云密布的臉，就感到恐慌。
________________________________________，he ran out to tell his friends the good news.(情緒描寫)
他欣喜若狂，跑出去告訴朋友這個好消息。
panic seized me/I was seized with/by panic
Being seized by/with joy
6.harmonious adj.和諧的；協調的；和睦的
·harmony n.協調；和睦；融洽；調和
[佳句背誦]　To have a harmonious relationship with our planet，we should first raise our awareness of the importance of protecting our ocean.
(短文投稿，2022·全國甲卷)
為了與地球和諧相處，我們首先應該提高對保護海洋重要性的認識。
in harmony with與……協調；與……融洽
out of harmony with 與……不協調
live/work in harmony 生活/工作得很融洽
[活學巧用]　單句語法填空/補全句子
It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a __________________
(harmony) atmosphere.(江西卷)
In a word，only with the combined efforts of every side involved can we live and study ____________ harmony.
The music is out of harmony ____________ his tastes.
Only when we realize the importance of helping each other _______________
___________________________________________________________________.
只有當我們意識到互助的重要性，我們才能致力于建設和諧社會。
harmonious
in
with
can we be devoted to building a harmonious society
7.submit vt.& vi.提交；呈遞；屈服
·submissive adj.服從的；順從的；恭順的
·submission n.屈服；呈送；提交
[佳句背誦]　At last，don’t submit to failure.Difficulties contain victory，while failures breed success.(主旨升華)
最后，不要屈服于失敗。困難包含勝利，而失敗孕育成功。
submit sth to sb　提交/呈遞某物給某人
submit (oneself) to... 順從；屈服
submit that 提議；認為
[活學巧用]　單句語法填空/補全句子
The works ____________(submit) should focus on the topic.You can express your great love to our motherland in your works.
I submitted my papers ____________ the examiner.
A famous artist will be invited to teach Chinese painting skills，after which many students will ________________________________________________.
(活動介紹)
我們將邀請一位著名的藝術家來教授國畫技巧，之后許多學生將提交他們的作品并交流想法。
submitted
to
submit their works and exchange ideas
Those who are interested in the summer camp must ______________________
____________________________________________________ by May 15.(通知)
對這次夏令營感興趣的人必須在5月15日前提交申請書和相關資料。
submit the applications and relevant materials
8.on behalf of sb代表(代替)某人
[佳句背誦]　I want to send our sincere gratitude for your kind help with our English learning on behalf of the whole class.
我想代表全班同學對您對我們英語學習的幫助表示衷心的感謝。
on one’s behalf　代表某人
represent sb 代表某人
stand for 代表，象征
[活學巧用]　一句多譯
代表學生會，我寫信邀請您下周三下午3點到5點給我們做講座。(邀請信)
→________________________________________，I’m writing to invite you to give us a lecture from 3：00 p.m. to 5：00 p.m. next Wednesday.
→________________________________________，I’m writing to invite you to give us a lecture from 3：00 p.m. to 5：00 p.m. next Wednesday.
On behalf of the Student Union
Representing the Student Union
1.There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph).
毫無疑問，地球正在變得越來越暖(見圖表)。
句型公式|There is no/little doubt that...
(1)There is no/little doubt that...“毫無疑問……”，that引導同位語從句；當doubt用于否定句和疑問句時，后面的從句用that引導；用于肯定句時，后面的從句用whether引導。
(2)I don’t/never doubt that... 我確信……
I doubt whether/if... 我懷疑是否……
[佳句背誦]　
Finally，David dragged his legs towards the destination.There was no doubt that David was the last one.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
最后，大衛拖著雙腿向目的地走去。毫無疑問，大衛是最后一個。
There is no doubt that your professional and profound knowledge of English will benefit the students greatly.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
毫無疑問，您專業和深厚的英語知識將使學生受益匪淺。
There is some doubt whether he is suitable for the job.
他是否適合這項工作還有一些疑問。
[活學巧用]　單句語法填空/補全句子
There is some doubt ____________ I can inspire him to study hard to achieve his goal.
The train leaves at six o’clock.I doubt ____________ there will be enough time to enjoy the views.
________________________________________ as a special education teacher at the school，I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
毫無疑問，作為學校的一名特殊教育老師，我熟悉大衛所面臨的挑戰，也為他堅強的決心感到驕傲。
whether
whether/if
There is no doubt that
2.Without this process，Earth could not sustain life.
沒有這個過程，地球就無法維持生命。
句型公式|without表示含蓄條件
(1)在含蓄虛擬條件句中，如果表示與現在或將來事實相反的假設，則主句謂語動詞用“would/could/might＋do”；如果表示與過去事實相反的假設，則主句謂語動詞用“would/could/might＋have done”。
(2)含蓄條件句還可以用but for，otherwise，or，but等詞來引導。
[佳句背誦]　
Without the oceans，no living things would survive，humans included.
(短文投稿，2022·全國甲卷)
沒有海洋，包括人類在內，任何生物都無法生存。
Without setbacks，our life would not be filled with wonderful stories.
如果沒有挫折，我們的人生就不會充滿精彩的故事。
[活學巧用]　單句語法填空/補全句子
I could not have finished the work so soon but ____________ your help.
He is ill.____________ he would still be working instead of lying here.
I had to admit that ________________________________________，
I would have been extremely embarrassed.
我不得不承認，如果沒有他的及時幫助，我會非常尷尬。
________________________________________________________________，
I wouldn’t have succeeded in getting rid of tobacco and alcohol.
如果沒有母親的鼓勵和陪伴，我不會成功地戒煙戒酒。
for
Otherwise
without his timely help
But for/Without my mother’s encouragement and company
THANKS
本節內容結束(共10張PPT)
單元知識回顧
UNIT 3　ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Ⅰ.默寫詞塊
一、教材詞塊默寫
1._____________________________融化的冰川和上升的海平面
2.______________________長途跋涉
3.__________________________________________________
全球平均表面溫度的上升
4._________________________________________________
導致地球表面溫度迅速上升
5.__________________________________充分和全面的證據
melting ice and rising sea levels
travel greater distances
the increase in the global average surface temperature
cause Earth’s surface temperature to rise quickly
strong and comprehensive evidence
6.________________________造成了嚴重的破壞
7._________________________采取適當的行動hpg
8.__________________________________極端暴雨和熱浪
9.________________________________造成死亡和經濟損失
10._________________________________持續的溫室氣體排放
11.________________________________恢復這條河原來的美麗
12.____________________________________________改善了水質，節約了用水
13._______________________________傳播環保意識
14.___________________________________鼓勵更多地使用清潔能源
15._______________________________________朝著清潔和可持續的未來邁進
cause serious damage
take appropriate actions
extreme rainstorms and heatwaves
cause deaths and economic losses
continued greenhouse gas emissions
restore the river’s original beauty
improve the water quality and water conservation
spread environmental awareness
encourage greater use of clean energy
head towards a clean and sustainable future
二、講解詞塊默寫
1.________________渴望去做某事
2._________________……的最新潮流
3.________________從……抓取/奪取某物
4.________________與……協調；與……融洽
5.________________提交/呈遞某物給某人
6.________________來自
7.____________________容忍(做)某事
starve to do sth
the latest trend in
seize sth from...
in harmony with
submit sth to sb
originate from
tolerate (doing) sthn
8.________________采用；抓住；利用
9.______________________順從；屈服
10.______________________容忍……，對……寬容
seize on/upon
submit (oneself) to...
be tolerant of/towards
Ⅱ.補全句子
1.I was ____________________________________________________________
so I took the Mexico－originated food，grateful and deeply moved.
在做了那么多累人的工作后，我快要餓死了，所以我吃了墨西哥產的食物，感激并深受感動。
2.___________________________________________________________________ of people’s work through the activity.(活動介紹)
毫無疑問，通過這次活動，我們將學會珍惜并尊重人民的勞動成果。
starving to death after all that exhausting work
There is no doubt that we will learn to cherish and respect the fruits
3.Without my teacher’s guidance，______________________________________
so smoothly.
如果沒有我老師的指導，我將不會如此順利地實現我的目標。
4.I had no choice but to keep still ________________________________________，listening quietly to the knife moving on the pumpkin.
(動作描寫，2021·浙江1月卷)
我別無選擇，只好緊緊閉上眼睛，一動不動，靜靜地聽著刀子在南瓜上移動。
5.She is a strong－willed person ________________________________________.
她是一個意志堅強的人，從不屈服于失敗。
I wouldn’t have achieved my goal
with my eyes tightly closed
who never submits to failure
Ⅲ.語法填空——核心考點語境串記
More ice has melted as a result of global warming.Some seals couldn’t find enough food and 1.____________(starve) to death.Some experts 2.____________ study ecology warn that people all over the world should pay attention to protecting the earth，or it will be very dangerous! Some forests are destroyed frequently，3.____________(make) some places less habitable for animals.Some experts think that it is human activities that have brought 4.____________ the terrible situation.For example，some people throw garbage everywhere，which damages the 5._____________(harmony) environment.It will take us a lot of time
starved
who/that
making
about
harmonious
and energy 6.________________ (restore) our environment once it is damaged. 7.____________ (lucky)，some regulations have been carried out to restrict people’s behavior.If someone 8.____________(break) them，he will be fined. Every one of us should lead 9.____________ green life to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide.At the same time，something about 10.____________(sustain) development should be broadcast frequently to educate the citizens.
to restore
Luckily
breaks
a
sustainable
THANKS
本節內容結束(共35張PPT)
Period Ⅲ　Grammar——直接引語和間接引語
UNIT 3　ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
圖解 語法脈絡
感知 語法規律
///////
1
2
4
///////
///////
精講 語法知識
3
///////
跟蹤 落實檢查
1
圖解 語法脈絡
2
感知 語法規律
觀察下面的句子，并感知直接引語和間接引語的用法。
1.“I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary，”said Anne.
→Anne said that she didn’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary.
2.“Can you lend me two yuan？”he asked me.
→He asked me if I could lend him two yuan.
3.“What do you call your diary？” Anne’s sister asked her.
→Anne’s sister asked her what she called her diary.
4.He said to Ann，“Tell me your problem.”
→He told Ann to tell him her problem.
5.She said，“Don’t make so much noise，children！”
→She told the children not to make so much noise.
3
精講 語法知識
直接引述別人的原話叫直接引語；用自己的話轉述別人的話叫間接引語。間接引語在多數情況下構成賓語從句。
直接引語如果改為間接引語，需在連接詞、人稱、時態、狀語、個別指示代詞和動詞等方面做相應的變化。
一、連接詞的選擇
1.直接引語是陳述句，變為間接引語時，常變成由that引導的賓語從句。在口語中that可以省略。
“Showing thankfulness can foster self－control，”said Ye Li，researcher at the University of California.(2023·全國甲卷)
“表現出感激之情可以促進自我控制，”加州大學的研究員葉莉說。
→Ye Li，researcher at the University of California，said (that) showing thankfulness can foster self－control.
加州大學的研究員葉莉說，表達感激之情可以培養自我控制。
2.直接引語是一般疑問句、選擇疑問句或附加疑問句時，間接引語中用whether(...or...或...or not)或if引導。
Peter asked Miss Johnson，“Could you tell us what the best part about your job is？”(2023·浙江1月卷改編)
彼得問約翰遜小姐：“你能告訴我們你的工作最棒的部分是什么嗎？”
→Peter asked Miss Johnson whether she could tell them what the best part about her job was.
彼得問約翰遜小姐，她能否告訴他們她工作中最棒的部分是什么。
3.直接引語為特殊疑問句時，間接引語仍用原句中的特殊疑問詞來引導，其余的變化遵照直接引語和間接引語之間的轉換規則來進行。
Peter asked Miss Johnson，“What do you hope to achieve by being a teacher？”(2023·浙江1月卷改編)
彼得問約翰遜小姐：“你希望通過成為一名教師取得什么成就？”
→Peter asked Miss Johnson what she hoped to achieve by being a teacher.
彼得問約翰遜小姐，她希望通過成為一名教師取得什么成就。
[名師點津]　
(1)直接引語是陳述句時，若變為間接引語，主句謂語動詞“said to sb”常改為told sb。
(2)直接引語為疑問句時，如果主句中謂語動詞是said，則將其改為asked。
(3)疑問句的直接引語變間接引語時，要把疑問語序變成陳述語序。
二、人稱的變化
記憶口訣：一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不更新。
直接引語變為間接引語時,人稱代詞要根據轉述人立場的變化作相應的改變。
1.“一隨主”。指在直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾，從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化。
Miss Johnson said，“I enjoy getting my meals cooked for me every day.”
約翰遜小姐說：“我喜歡每天有人為我做飯。”
→Miss Johnson said that she enjoyed getting her meals cooked for her every day.
約翰遜小姐說，她喜歡每天有人為她做飯。
2.“二隨賓”。指直接引語變間接引語時，若從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱或被第二人稱所修飾，從句中的人稱要跟引號外的主句的賓語一致。
The woman said to Dave，“You can wear your new sports jacket.”
(2022·全國甲卷改編)
這位女士對戴夫說：“你可以穿你的新運動夾克。”
→The woman told Dave that he could wear his new sports jacket.
這位女士告訴戴夫，他可以穿他的新運動夾克。
3.“第三人稱不更新”。指直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾，從句中的人稱一般不需要變化。
The manager said，“Jack is a good worker.”
經理說：“杰克是名好員工。”
→The manager said that Jack was a good worker.
經理說，杰克是名好員工。
三、時態的變化
直接引語變間接引語時句子時態變化如下表：
“I’m trying to get more and more people to understand that there are solutions，”said she.(2023·浙江1月卷改編)
“我正在努力讓越來越多的人明白是有解決辦法的，”她說。
→She said that she was trying to get more and more people to understand that there were solutions.
她表示，她正在努力讓越來越多的人明白是有解決辦法的。
The director of Notting Hill Pathways said,“We are happy to be taking part in the project.It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.” (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷改編)
諾丁山路徑的主管說：“我們很高興參與這個項目。它將通過共同的興趣和創造性活動真正幫助我們的居民聯系起來。”
→The director of Notting Hill Pathways said that they were happy to be taking part in the project and that it would really help connect their residents through a shared interest and creative activities.
諾丁山路徑的主管表示，他們很高興參與這個項目。它將通過共同的興趣和創造性活動真正幫助他們的居民聯系起來。
[名師點津]　在下面幾種情況中，直接引語變為間接引語時，時態不發生變化。
(1)直接引語是客觀真理、諺語和格言時，其時態不變。
“It is never too late to learn，” my teacher told me yesterday.
“活到老，學到老。”我的老師昨天告訴我。
→My teacher told me yesterday that it is never too late to learn.
我的老師昨天告訴我，活到老，學到老。
(2)直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變為間接引語時，時態不變。
Jack said，“I was born on April 21，1980.”
杰克說：“我出生于1980年4月21日。”
→Jack said he was born on April 21，1980.
杰克說，他出生于1980年4月21日。
四、指示詞、狀語及動詞的變化
指示代詞 this that
these those
時間狀語 now then
today that day
tonight that night
yesterday the day before
tomorrow the next/following day
last month(week) the month(week)before
next month(week) the next month(week)
the day before yesterday two days before
地點狀語 here there
動詞 come go
bring take
She asked，“Is this book his？”
她問：“這本書是他的嗎？”
→She asked whether that book was his.
她問那本書是不是他的。
“I came here with my parents to enjoy the sunset yesterday，” said she.
她說：“昨天我和父母一起來這里欣賞日落。”
→She said she went there with her parents to enjoy the sunset the day before.
她說前一天她和父母一起去那里欣賞日落。
五、引述祈使句的變化
引述祈使句通常用“動詞＋賓語＋不定式”結構。如果祈使句為否定句，在不定式的前面加上not。引述表示命令的祈使句，常用動詞order，tell，warn；引述表示請求的祈使句常用動詞ask，beg；引述表示建議、勸告的祈使句常用動詞advise等。
The man said，“Let’s make a U－turn at the next crossroads and try another way.”(2023·浙江1月卷改編)
那人說：“讓我們在下一個十字路口掉頭，試試另一條路。”
→The man told us to make a U－turn at the next crossroads and try another way.
那人告訴我們在下一個十字路口掉頭，試試另一條路。
He said，“Do have a look at yourself first.”
他說：“你先看一看自己。”
→He advised me to have a look at myself first.
他建議我先看一看自己。
[名師點津]　祈使句變間接引語，遵循“一改二變三加四去”原則：
·一改：said (to)改為asked或told；
·二變：said to的賓語變成asked等的賓語；
·三加：即在動詞原形前加to，使其成為動詞不定式；
·四去：去掉please。
跟蹤 落實檢查
4
Ⅰ.將直接引語變為間接引語/補全句子
1.“When will the sports meet be held？”he said.
→He asked __________________________________________________.
2.The little boy said，“I was playing with my toys when someone knocked at the door.”
→The little boy said ________________________________________________
when someone knocked at the door.
when the sports meet would be held
(that) he was playing with his toys
3.Mother said to her daughter，“Are you satisfied with your new room？”
→Mother asked her daughter _________________________________________.
4.I asked him ________________________________________________________
that night.
我問他那天晚上是待在家里還是去看電影。
whether/if she was satisfied with her new room
whether he would stay at home or go to a film
Ⅱ.將直接引語變為間接引語，在下列空中填入恰當的代詞/補全句子
1.Mary said，“I want to have a computer of my own.”
→Mary said that __________ wanted to have a computer of __________ own.
2.Her colleague said to her，“Who did you ask for a leave？”
→Her colleague asked ____________ who ___________ had asked for a leave.
3.She said，“They often make the workers work extra hours.”
→She said that ____________ often made the workers work extra hours.
4.My father said that ____________________________________________.
我父親說他希望我長大成為總統。
she
her
her
she
they
he hoped I would grow up to be President
Ⅲ.將直接引語變為間接引語，填入正確的時態形式/補全句子
1.His friend said to him，“We are planning to have a picnic.”
→His friend told him that they ________________________ to have a picnic.
2.The organizer said，“We have begun our plan.”
→The organizer said that they ____________ their plan.
3.“The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth，” the teacher told me.
→The teacher told me (that) the earth _______________ around the sun and that the moon ____________ around the earth.
were planning
had begun
moves
moves
4.The wise old man told him that perhaps _________________________________
________________________________________ in the world.(全國Ⅲ卷改編)
這位聰明的老人告訴他，也許他可以向世界上最偉大的藝術家學習一點。
he could learn a little from
the greatest artist
Ⅳ.將直接引語變為間接引語，用恰當的詞替換句中的加黑詞
1.Tom said，“I brought some fresh fruits here the day before yesterday.”
→Tom said that he _____________ some fresh fruits _____________________.
2.He said，“We will hold a sports meeting next week.”
→He said that they would hold a sports meeting ________________________.
3.Henry said，“I haven’t seen her today.”
→Henry said that he hadn’t seen her __________________________________.
had taken
there two days before
the next week
that day
Ⅴ.選詞填空
1.He said，“Please come here again tomorrow.”
→He ____________ (ordered/asked)me to go there again the next day.
2.He said，“Don’t be so impolite，boys.”
→He ____________ (told/said) the boys not to be so impolite.
3.The teacher said to the boy，“Open the door，please！”
→The teacher ____________ (warned/told)the boy to open the door.
asked
told
told
THANKS
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