資源簡介

(共29張PPT)
Unit 4 History and Traditions
Discovering useful structures
Past participles as attribute & object complement
1.作定語
2.作表語
4.作狀語
3.作賓補
過去分詞
過去分詞作定語
一、含義
1. 及物動詞的過去分詞作定語，在語態上表示被動；在時間上，常表示動作已經發生或完成。
The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon．
2. 不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語，它不表示被動意義，只強調動作完成。
Many little kids like gathering fallen leaves in the yard.
The risen sun is shining brightly in the morning.
1）分詞做定語的位置
Look at the broken glasses.
過去分詞＋名詞
What is the language spoken in Spain 名詞＋過去分詞
當單個過去分詞做定語時，一般位于所修飾的名詞之前，但有時為了強調動作，也可放在它所修飾詞的后面。
My father has a radio made in Mexico.
當過去分詞短語做定語時，位于被修飾名詞的后面。
The little girl dressed in white is Mary’s younger sister.
Notice
一般來講，及物動詞的動詞-ing形式修飾事物，過去分詞形式修飾人。
the exciting news
a surprising result
a tiring music
excited people
surprised girls
a tired man
二、位置
1. 前置定語：單個的過去分詞做定語一般放在所修飾詞之前。
The polluted water was to blame for the spread of cholera.
We needed much more qualified workers．
有些過去分詞表示特定含義時，單獨作定語也可放在所修飾的名詞之后，如left(剩余的)，given(所給的)，concerned(有關的)等。
There are few tigers left. It is time for the departments concerned to take measures to protect them from dying out.
2. 后置定語：如果是過去分詞短語，則通常放在名詞后做后置定語，它的作用相當于一個定語從句。
It is a house built by the Romans.
The meeting held yesterday is of great importance.
=The meeting which was held yesterday is of great importance.
三、現在分詞與過去分詞作定語的區別
1. 語態上不同: 現在分詞表示主動意義，過去分詞表示被動意義。
The running water (=The water which runs) in the river is very clear.
Nine out of ten women interviewed (who were interviewed) about the product said they liked it.
過去分詞短語作定語時, 通常放在被修飾的名詞之后, 它的作用相當于一個定語從句。
This will be the best novel of its kind ever written.
=
Who were the so-called guests invited
(= ) to your part last night
that has ever been written
who had been invited
Do you know the name of the play___ in the hall now
A. to be put on B. being put on
C. put on D. putting on
C
B
A
A
4. Please don’t forget him. He is one of _______.
A. those invited B. invited those
C. those inviting D. inviting those
3. I borrowed a book ______ by Mark Twain from
the library last week. I like it very much.
A. written B. writing
C. was written D. to write
1. Did you attend the meeting ______yesterday
A. to be held B. having been held
C. held D. being held
the fallen leaves
the falling leaves
the boiled water
正在沸騰的水
燒開過的水
the boiling water
現在分詞與過去分詞作定語的區別：V-ing 表動作正在進行, V-ed 表動作已經完成。
The girl ______(stand) there is my sister.
He is a trecher ________ (love) by his studengts.
standing
loved
Practice:
主動
被動
作定語：V-ing 表主動, V-ed 表被動
過去分詞作賓語補足語
1. 過去分詞用在表狀態的動詞keep，leave等的后面作賓語補足語。
He passed away, leaving his works unfinished．
Don’t keep your mouth shut when I ask you a question．
2. 過去分詞用在使役動詞have/get和make的后面作賓語補足語。
(1)“have/get＋賓語＋過去分詞”表示“讓別人做某事”。
He wants to have/get his eyes examined tomorrow.
(2)在“make＋賓語＋過去分詞”這種結構中，過去分詞表示結果。
They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English．
3. 過去分詞用在感官動詞see，hear，notice，observe，watch，feel，find等之后做賓語補足語。
When we saw the road blocked with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.
We can hear the windows knocked by the heavy rain drops.
過去分詞作賓補
1.從時間上：表動作已經完成。
come, go, fall, change(表位移,變化的不及物動詞)
I found the countryside changed a lot.
2.從語態上:表被動.
I want to get my hair cut tomorrow.
過去分詞
作賓補
1.表“希望，要求”的動詞：
want, wish, expect, wish, like, order
+ (to be) done
I want the work (to be) finished by Sunday.
Jim ordered the room (to be) cleaned.
2.表“感覺，心理狀態”的動詞：
see, hear, feel, watch, notice, find, think
+ object + p.p.
We saw the thief caught by the police.
People found the water polluted.
make, get, have, keep
3.使役動詞
I want to get my hair cut tomorrow.
= I want to get the barber to cut my hair.
= I want to let the barber cut my hair.
4.在With復合結構中作賓補
with, without + n. + p.p.
Do you know the man with his hands tied back
They left without a dish touched.
The murderer was brought in , with his
hands _____ behinds his back .
A .being tied B .having tied
C .to be tied D .tied
D
當感官動詞如：see, hear等，其后面所跟的賓補是賓語
主動發出的動作且是全過程時，用________
do
1. I heard a boy __________(sing) a song in the next door .
2. I heard a boy _____________(sing) songs every night.
3.I heard a song __________(sing) in the next room.
4.I saw a boy _____________(enter)the building.
singing
sing
sung
enter
現在分詞過去分詞作賓語補足語的區別：
非謂語動詞作賓語補足語的區別
1. 感官動詞(短語)see，watch，observe，look at，notice，hear，listen to，feel等的賓語補足語主要有三種形式。以hear為例：
hear＋賓語＋
doing sth. 聽到...正在做... (主動、進行)
do sth. 聽到...做了... (主動、完成)
done 聽到...被做... (被動、完成)
I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.
I heard her sing an English song just now.
To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as possible.
2．使役動詞make，have，get，keep后加復合賓語的比較：
(1)make＋賓語＋
The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face.
He spoke slowly and clearly so that he could make himself understood．
do sth. 讓...做... (主動)
done 讓...被做 (被動)
當感官動詞如：see, hear等，其后面所跟的賓補是賓語
主動發出的動作且是全過程時，用________
do
1. I heard a boy __________(sing) a song in the next door .
2. I heard a boy _____________(sing) songs every night.
3.I heard a song __________(sing) in the next room.
4.I saw a boy _____________(enter)the building.
singing
sing
sung
enter
現在分詞過去分詞作賓語補足語的區別：
John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work __________(finish), he gladly accepted it.
2. ---Did Peter fix the computer himself
---He had it _______(fix), because he doesn’t know much about computers.
3.I was wondering why they kept the door ________ (lock) for such a long time.
finished
fixed
Exercises
locked
4.This is the first time that I have heard the poem _______ (speak) in English.
5. With the task____________(finish),we had a happy weekend.
6. Helen had to shout to make herself__________ (hear) above the sound of the music.
7.I don’t want the children ______ out in such weather.
spoken
finished
heard
taken
Thank you

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