資源簡介 Unit 2 No Rules, No Order!基礎短語清單be late for 遲到on time 準時,按時have to 必須;不得不of course 當然,自然turn off 關掉jump the queue 不按次序排隊,加塞wait for 等待be absent from缺席,不在make sb’s/the bed 整理某人的床hang out 閑逛focus on 將(注意力)集中于...need to do sth需要做某事think about 思考;考慮follow rules 遵守規則be good for...對...有好處raise one’s hand 舉手have fun玩得開心answer my phone 接電話bring to...帶來thanks for...因...感謝put on穿上make noise 制造噪音wear the uniform穿校服on weekdays 在工作日知識點清單No Rules, No order. 沒有規矩,就沒有秩序。rule n.規則 v. 統治 follow rules 遵守規則 ruler n.尺子;統治者order n.點菜;順序,次序 v.點菜,命令take one’s order 點菜 in order 有序地 order sb to do sth 命令某人做某事Eg: You must make sure that all your personal documents are in order.Don’t be late for school. Arrive on time.上學不要遲到,準時到達。be late for 遲到,強調狀態 同義短語:arrive late for 遲到 強調動作arrive v.到達 不及物動詞 近義詞:get, reach辨析:arrive/ get/ reacharrive vi.到達 arrive at+小地方 arrive in+大地方get vi. 到達 get to+地點reach vt.到達 reach+地點注意:當地點是:here/there/home/abroad/upstairs/downstairs 時,介詞省略。Eg: After school, I get/arrive/reach home at 6 o’clock.Don’t use your phone in class. 上課不要用你的手機。use v/n.使用 useful adj.有用的 useless adj.無用的use sth to do...使用某物做... make use of...利用Eg: It’s useful for us to learn English well.in class 在課堂上 have class 上課Be polite and treat everyone with respect. 禮貌待人,尊重他人。polite adj.禮貌的 politely adv.禮貌地 反義詞:impolite adj.不禮貌的=rudebe polite to sb 對某人禮貌的Eg: Jenny is polite to everyone and we all like her.treat v.對待;招待;治療 treatment n.治療respect v/n. 尊敬;敬重 show respect for...表示對...的尊敬Sally mustn’t wear her own jacket. She has to wear school the uniform.Sally 在學校禁止穿自己的夾克衫。她必須要穿校服。must 情態動詞,“必須”,不能單獨作謂語,后必須加動詞原形。其否定形式為mustn’t,“禁止,千萬不要”。注意:以must 開頭的一般疑問句的否定回答不用mustn’t, 而用needn’t或者don’t / doesn’t have to, 意為“不必”。Eg: --Mom, must I finish my homework tonight -- No, you needn’t./No, you don’t have to. You can finish it tomorrow.Be on time. Don’t be late for class. 準時,上課不要遲到。on time 按時,準時Eg: Remember to hand in your homework on time tomorrow.拓展:time相關短語in time 及時 at times有時 at the same time 同時from time to time不時 all the time一直 have a good time玩得開心Keep the rules and let’s have fun! 遵守規則,讓我們玩得開心。let v.讓 let’s=let us 讓我們 let sb do sth讓某人做某事have fun 玩得開心 相當于=have a good time=enjoy oneselfhave fun doing sth做某事玩得開心Eg: I had fun going shopping with my family yesterday.Here, I can lend you my pen.來,我可以借給你我的鋼筆。lend--lent-lent v.借給 lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 借給某人某物辨析:lend/borrow/keepborrow v.借入 borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物 短暫性動作,不與一段時間連用lend v.借出 短暫性動作,不能與一段時間連用keep v.保存(借用一段時間) 常與一段時間連用Eg: --My bike is broken. Could I borrow yours -- Sure. You can keep it for two days.We have to turn them off and put them in our lockers. 我們必須關掉手機,把它們放在儲物柜里。turn off 關閉 相當于switch off 當賓語為代詞時,放在中間。Eg: The baby is sleeping. Please turn off the television.拓展:turn相關短語:turn on 打開 turn down 調小;拒絕 turn up 調大;出現 turn...into 轉變成...Thanks for telling me, Anne. 謝謝你告訴我,安妮。You’re welcome, Tom.不客氣,湯姆。Thank you for...意為“為...而感謝你(們)”,相當于thanks for...for是介詞,表示原因,后接名詞、代詞或動詞-ing形式。You’re welcome “別客氣,不用謝”,用于禮貌地回答別人的感謝。拓展:常用的答語還有Not at all. /That’s OK. /That’s all right. / (It’s)my pleasure...Section BI have to make my bed before breakfast. 早餐前我必須整理床鋪。have to 必須;不得不 后接動詞原形。Eg: I have to brush my teeth twice a day.make one’s bed 整理某人的床 make--made v.使,讓make sb+adj.使某人... make sb do sth使某人做某事Eg: My best friend Sally always makes me laugh.I have to hurry to school because I can’t be late for school. 我必須趕緊去學校因為我不能遲到。hurry v/n. 匆忙;急忙 hurry to+地方 匆忙去某地 hurry to do sth匆忙做某事in a hurry 匆忙地Eg: I go to school in a hurry without having breakfast.I can only play basketball after I practise the piano.我練習完鋼琴后才能打籃球。practise v.練習 practice n.練習 practise doing sth練習做某事Eg: Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。play basketball 打籃球 play+球/棋類 play the+樂器類Eg: My sister likes playing the piano while I like playing basketball.They can help you to become a better person. 它們能幫助你成為一個更好的人。help v/n.幫助 help sb with sth在某方面幫助某人 help sb (to) do sth幫助某人做某事ask for help請求幫助拓展:helpful adj.有幫助的 helpless adj.無助的become--became--become v.開始變得,變成 better adj.更好的/地 good/well的比較級person n.人 可數名詞單數 a person 一個人 two persons 兩個人注意:people 人們(復數形式) 作主語時,謂語動詞用復數。Eg:There are many people on the central street.people也可作名詞單數,意為“民族,種族。”You can’t use your phone in class because you need to focus on learning. 你不能在課堂上使用手機,因為你需要專注于學習。need v/n.需要 既可作情態動詞,也可作實義動詞。作情態動詞時,其否定形式為:needn’t.作實義動詞時,其否定形式為:don’t/doesn’t needneed to do sth需要做某事 in need 有需要地Eg: Everyone needs friends.focus on...將(注意力)集中于...Eg: In order to succeed, you need to focus on your goals.You can relax after you finish your homework.relax v.放松 relaxing adj.令人放松的(修飾物) relaxed adj.感到放松的(修飾人)Eg: I like listening to music. Because music always makes me feel relaxed.finish v.完成 finish doing sth 完成做某事Eg: As soon as he finished eating, he left.I know it can be difficult to follow many rules. 我知道遵守很多規則可能很困難。difficult adj.困難的 It is difficult for sb to do sth.對某人來說做某事很困難difficulty n.困難 have difficulty (in) doing sth做某事有困難Eg: Many students have difficulty ( in )memorizing English words.follow v.遵守;追隨 following adj.接下來的 as follows 如下所示Say “please” when you ask for help. 當你尋求幫助時,說“請”。ask for help 請求幫助ask v.問;要求 ask a question 問問題ask sb(not)to do sth要求某人(不)做某事Eg: My parents ask me to read books every day.Don’t fight with your classmates.不要和你的同學打架。fight--fought--fought v.打架;戰斗fight with sb 和某人打架 fight against sb 和某人作戰 fight for...為...而斗爭Eg: My grandfather fought against the Fascists in Spain.Nothing can be achieved without rules.沒有規則什么也做不了。achieve v.(努力)達到;完成;實現 achieve one’s dream 實現夢想Eg: I believe I can achieve my dream as long as I work hard.without prep. 不,沒有 后接名詞,代詞或V-ing.Eg: I prefer coffee without sugar.語法清單(一)祈使句語法概述祈使句表示請求、命令、警告、勸告、禁止等意思.祈使句一般以動詞原形開頭,通常省略主語you,句末用感嘆號或句號,讀時常用降調.考向1祈使句的類型類型 結構 例句肯定形式 否定形式Do型 實義動詞原形+其他. Don't+實義動詞原形+其他. Fetch me a chair!給我拿把椅子! Don't give up.不要放棄.Be型 Be+形容詞. Don't+ be +形容詞. Be quick! 快點兒! Don't be shy.不要害羞.Let 型 Let+賓語+動詞原形+其他. Don't+ let+賓語+動詞原形+其他. Let's go to school!咱們去上學吧!Let+賓語+not+動詞原形+其他. Don't let him go not=Let him go out.不要讓他出去.No型 No+名詞/動詞-ing. No photos.禁止拍照. No smoking. 禁止吸煙.其他 直接用名詞、副詞或用"名詞+副詞”等 Help!救命! Quickly!快點兒! Hands up!舉起手來!拓展:(1)有時為了強調,可在句首加Do或將祈使句的主語表示出來. Do let me go.務必讓我去. You be quiet! 你安靜!(2)為了使祈使句的語氣委婉、客氣,可以在句首或句末加please,當please用在句末時,常用逗號與其余部分隔開. Come here, please.請到這兒來. Please look after your pet.請照看你的寵物.巧學妙記祈使句的用法祈使句表命令,還表請求或建議.動詞原形放句首,主語是you常省去.Don't置前表否定,let否定有兩種.想要客氣please, Do置開頭強語氣.考向2祈使句的回答祈使句通常表示將要發生的動作,所以回答時一般用will或won't.回答肯定形式的祈使句用will,回答否定形式的祈使句用won't. -Please remember to bring your homework here tomorrow.請記得明天把你的家庭作業帶到這兒來.-OK,I will.好的,我會的. -Don't be noisy in public. It's impolite, you know.不要在公共場合吵鬧.你知道的,這是不禮貌的.-Sorry, I won't.對不起,我不會了.情態動詞can/must/have to 的用法小結can的用法can是情態動詞,意為"能;會",表示某人或某物具備的能力,還可用來提出請求,沒有人稱和數的變化,后面直接接動詞原形。下面來看一下它的具體用法。1. 表示有能力做某事,意為"能;會"。 I can speak English.我會講英語。 He can play basketball.他會打籃球。[來2. 表示許可,意為"可以"。 You can sit here.你可以坐在這兒。3. 情態動詞can表示推測,意為"可能",常用語否定句、疑問句中。 It can’t be a cat. It has a short tail. 它不可能是貓,它有一個短尾巴。2. must的用法(1)must表示主觀義務,意思是"應該,必須",其否定式mustn’t意為"不應該,不準"。情態動詞不能單獨作謂語動詞,必須和動詞原形一起構成謂語。We must get there before five o’clock. 我們必須在五點鐘前趕到那兒。You mustn’t break the rules. 你不要破壞規定。He must have seen the film last night. 他昨天晚上肯定看了那場電影。You must read a book before you watch TV. 在看電視前你必須讀書。對用must所提問題的否定回答,常用needn’t或don’t have to,意思為:不必。Must I stay here after school 放學后我還得留在這兒嗎?No, you needn’t / don’t have to. 不了,沒有必要。(2)must表示推測,意思為:一定,必定(只用于肯定句中)。He must be our headmaster. 他肯定是我們的校長。(3)must用于否定句時,mustn’t意為"不允許,禁止",而不表示"不必"。You mustn’t be late for school. 你千萬不要上學遲到。(4)以must開頭的一般疑問句,若作否定回答,可以用needn’t或don’t have to,不用mustn’t。—Must I clean all the rooms 我必須打掃所有的房間嗎?—No, you needn’t/don’t have to. 不,你不必。3. have to表示客觀要求,意思為:不得不;必須;除此之外,別無選擇。使用have to應注意以下幾點:(1)have to后接動詞原形,意為"必須做……;不得不做……"。We have no food home, you have to go and get some, Tom. 家里沒有食物了,湯姆你得去買一些來。(2)have to 有人稱、數和時態的變化,其第三人稱單數形式為has to。She has to help her mom make dinner. 她不得不幫她媽媽做晚飯。There’s no bus here, so we had to walk home. 現在這里沒有汽車了,我們只好走路回家了。(3)含有have to, has to的句子需分別借助動詞do, does構成疑問句或否定句。Do they have to go now 他們得現在回家嗎?You don’t have to go if you don’t want to. 如果你不想去,你就不必去。辨析:have to可以用于多種時態;而must只用于一般現在時或一般將來時。The composition is due to hand in this morning, so I had to finish it last night. 作文今天早晨到期,因此我不得不昨天晚上完成。 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫