資源簡介

仁愛八年級 上 Unit 4 Topic 1重點知識
重點內容
一、構詞法
名詞 + ful → 形容詞：beauty→ beautiful 合成詞：rain +forest → rainforest south+ west → southwest
二、重點短語
1. of all 在所有的當中2. the beauty of nature 自然之美3. on the farm 在農場里4. chat with sb 與某人聊天5. live a happy life 過幸福的生活6. thousands and thousands of 千千萬萬的7. be important to/for sb 對某人重要8. play a part in sth 在某事中扮演一個角色9. play an important part in doing sth
在做某事中起重要作用10. die out 絕跡，消失11. feed on 以…為食12. less and less 越來越少13. keep the water cycling 保持水循環14. provide sb.with sth 為某人提供某物15. thick forests 茂密的森林 16. the lungs of the earth 地球的肺17. in danger 在危險中，有…的危險 18. visit a farm參觀農場19. enjoy the beauty of nature 享受自然美景20. life in the countryside 在鄉村的生活
短語詳解
of all （+名詞復數）在所有的當中of all 在所有的中間，常用于含最高級的句子中。例如：He is the tallest of all. 他是所有的中間最高的。She runs (the) fastest of all. 她是所有的人中跑的最快的。口語中，還可以位于句首，如：Of all girls in her class, she is the best. 在她班上的女生中，她是最棒的。 = She is the best of all girls in her class. 比較：all of +（名詞復數/代詞賓格）所有的… 如：All (of) my friends like apples. 我所有的朋友都喜歡蘋果。All of us are going to Sam's party next week. 下周我們都去參加薩姆的聚會。All of them were singing Happy Birthday.他們所有人都在唱生日快樂歌。
the beauty of nature自然之美Let’s go and enjoy the beauty of nature. 讓我們去欣賞大自然的美景吧。He knows how to feel enjoy the beauty of nature. 他懂得如何欣賞大自然的美。Attracted by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.被大自然的美麗所吸引，來自倫敦的女孩決定再在農場里呆上兩天。
on the farm 在農場里在大多數的時候，farm前通常用on,偶爾用in，有時候也用at,如They work happily on a farm. 他們在農場里幸福地生活。You lived on the farm until you came back to America.你回美國之前一直生活在農場。He has twenty sheep on the farm. 他在農場養了20只綿羊。We have some chicken on the farm. 我們在農場養了一些雞。
chat with sb與某人聊天I like to chat with my friends.我喜歡和我的朋友聊天I want to chat with you.我想和你聊聊注意：chat 也可以做名詞I enjoy a chat with a friend. 我喜歡與朋友在一起聊天兒。Some students often have a chat on the internet.有些學生經常進行網上聊天。
5．live a happy life過幸福的生活live a ……life 是固定搭配. 如：live a beautiful life, live a happy life The old are living a happy life in my hometown.=The old are living happily in my hometown. 這些老人們在我的家鄉愉快地生活著。
6．thousands and thousands of 千千萬萬的hundred 百、thousand千、million百萬billion十億、doze n十二這樣的數詞前面有具體數字時，不加-s，后面可以直接加名詞，其前無明確數字時，要用復數形式后加of，表示概數，如：one hundred boys 一百個男孩hundreds of boys 成百上千個男孩five thousand birds 五千支鳥thousands of birds 成千上萬只鳥five million dollars 類五百萬美元millions of dollars 數百萬美元ten billion yuan 一百億元billions of yuan 數十億元one dozen eggs 一打雞蛋（12個雞蛋）dozens of eggs 幾十個雞蛋
7．be important to/for sb對某人重要1）be important to sb. , 是說對某人很重要，強調對某人很重要的東西。Money is important to her. 錢對她很重要。What is important to you is also important to me. 對你重要的事對我也重要。2）be important for sb. 是說某事對某人的重要性，強調做某事對某人的重要性。后面要+to do的。It's important for you to do it.你做這個很重要。It is important for you to get there early.早點到達對你很重要。
8．play a part in sth在某事中扮演一個角色play an important part in doing sth在做某事中起重要作用play a part in：在...起作用，起到什么作用，相當于：play a role in：在……中起作用He play an important part in his class。他在他們班起著非常重要的作用。Why not play a part in their discussion 為什么不參與他們的討論啊？He was invited to play a role in this TV play。他被邀請在這個電視劇里扮演一個角色
Electricity plays an important part in our daily life
電在我們的日常生活中扮演著重要的角色.
die out絕跡，消失die out 指家族、種族、習俗、觀念等“滅絕”、“絕跡”。Many old customs are dying out. 許多舊習俗正在消失。Many animals are in danger of dying out.許多動物種類都處于瀕臨滅絕的危險中。
die away 指聲音、風、光線等“漸息”、“漸弱”。His anger died away.他的怒氣逐漸平息下來了。
The laughter died away.笑聲漸漸消失了。
The sound of the car died away in the distance. 汽車的聲音消失在遠處。
die off 意為“一個一個地死去”(= die one by one)。The refugees were dying off from disease.難民們相繼因病喪身。
As he grew older, his relatives all died off. 隨著他年齡的增長，他的親人都一個一個地死去了。die down 意為“(慢慢)熄滅”、“平靜下來”。The wind has died down quite a lot.風小多了。The fire died down. 火慢慢熄了。His anger has died down a bit. 他的怒氣已消了一點。
feed on 以…為食Cattle feed on grass.牛以草為主食。比較：feed...on/with “喂...吃.../用...喂...The child was feeding the monkey on/with a banana. They are feeding the sheep on the grass.他們正用草喂羊.She is feeding the baby on the milk.她正喂寶寶牛奶.
11．less and less+不可數名詞 越來越少The couple seem to spend less and less time together兩口子在一起的時間似乎越來越少。The number of pandas is becoming less and less. 熊貓的數量正變得越來越少了.比較：fewer and fewer+復數名詞Tom has fewer and fewer friends
湯姆擁有越來越少的朋友.
12．keep the water cycling 保持水循環keep+賓語+doing sth 使…某人（某事）一直……I kept her waiting for 2 hours.
我讓她等了兩個小時。The old woman keeps on standing there still.
那老太太一直站在那里，一動也不動。Don't keep them working day and night. 不要讓他們不分白天黑夜的工作。
keep 的其它用法：1）keep+ 賓語 + 形容詞 / 副詞。Please keep the door and window open. 請把門窗開著。2）keep+ 賓語 + 介詞短語。Please keep your hands behind your back. 請把手放在背后。3）keep + 形容詞 “保持某種狀態You must look after yourself and keep healthy. 你一定要照顧自己，保持身體健康。
13．In danger 在危險中，有…的危險Your life is in danger. 你的生命正處在危險中。The old temple is in danger, for it will be covered by floods.
區別：dangerous是形容詞,主語一般為人或動物.如：
He is a dangerous man.(他是個危險人物）
=The man is dangerous.
Bears are one of the dangerous animals.
(熊是危險的動物之一）=Bears are dangerous.
It is dangerous to go into a forest alone. The tiger is dangerous.
重要語法1．形容詞比較級大多數形容詞（和副詞）有三級的變化，即原級、比較級和最高級，用來表示事物的等級差別。如：原級 比較級 最高級tall taller tallest
happy happier happiest
interesting more interesting most interesting
原級即形容詞的原形，比較級和最高級有規則變化和不規則變化兩種。規則變化(1)單音節詞詞尾加er,est構成比較級和最高級。tall → taller → tallest great → greater → greatest(2)以不發音的e結尾的單音節詞只加-r,-st nice → nicer → nicest large → larger → largest able → abler → ablest (3)以一個輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節單音節詞，雙寫結尾的輔音字母，再加er，est big → bigger → biggest hot → hotter → hottest red → redder → reddest(4)"以輔音字母+y"結尾的雙音節詞，改y為i，再加-er，-est easy → easier → easiest busy → busier → busiest(5)以ly結尾的副詞，除early-earlier-earliest，其他都是加more most.Slowly → more slowly → most slowly quickly → more quickly → most quickly(6)少數以-er，-ow結尾的雙音節詞未尾加-er，-est clever → cleverer → cleverest narrow → narrower → narrowest(7)其他雙音節詞和多音節詞在前面加more，most來構成比較級和最高級。如：important → more important → most important easily → more easily → most easily不規則變化　有一些詞的比較級、最高級變化是不規則的，需要特殊記憶。如：good / well→ better→ best bad / ill/ badly→ worse → worst many / much → more→ most little → less → least far→ farther →farthest(表示距離) far→ further →furthest (表示程度)old→ older →oldest (表示新舊或年齡) old→ elder → eldest (表示長幼關系)
形容詞比較級的用法當兩個人或事物（A和B）進行比較時，需要用到形容詞的原級或者比較級①表達“A大于B”用“比較級+than”的結構。格式:A+be動詞+形容詞比較級+than+B…如：I am taller than you. 我比你高。②表達“A和B一樣”，用as…as的結構。格式:A+be動詞+as+形容詞原級+as…+B如：I am as tall as you. 我和你一樣高。③表達“A不如B”用not as/so…as的結構。格式: A+be(否定式)+as+形容詞原級+as…+B 如：I am not as tall as you. 我沒有你高。④ 在兩者之間選擇“哪一個更……”時，用句型“ Which /Who is +比較級, ... or... ”。如：Which sweater is cheaper, the red one or the yellow one ⑤ 表示“兩者之間最…的一個”時，用“the + 比較級”。如：Lucy is the taller of the twins.⑥ 表示“越…，越…”時，用“the + 比較級，the + 比較級”。如：The more you eat, the fatter you will become.⑦ 表示“越來越…”時，用“比較級 + and + 比較級”，或“more and more + （多音節詞）形容詞原級”。如：We should make our country more and more beautiful.⑧形容詞比較級前可以用下列詞修飾：much, a little, far, a bit, a few, a lot, even, still, rather等。如：It's much colder today than yesterday.⑨ 比較級前面可以加上具體數量, 表示具體“大多少”，“小多少”，“長多少”，“短多少”等。如：I am two years older than he. 我比他大兩歲。This building is 20 meters higher than that one.這個建筑物比那個高20米。注意：1）且記，形容詞比較級決不可用very、quite或so修飾。但可以用下列詞修飾來表示程度。much(…得多)，far(……得多)，even(甚至，更)，
still(更)，a bit(有點)，a little(有點)，a lot(很)，a great deal(大大地), twice(兩倍),
five times(五倍), two-fifths(五分之二), a half(一半)Tom is a little taller than Mike.
Tom比Mike稍高一點;It is even colder today than yesterday.
今天甚至比昨天更冷2）比較的對象不能相互包容，在同一范圍內比較時，必須把主體排除在被比較的范圍之外。如：Bob is in Class 1. He is taller than any other boy in his class.鮑勃是一班的，他比一班其他男孩都高Bob is in Class 1. He is taller than any boy in Class 2鮑勃是一班的，他比二班的任何一個男孩都高3) 表示“A不如B”時，除了用
“not..as/so…+形容詞原級+as”結構，
也可用“less+形容詞原級+than”結構。This book is not as interesting as that one= This book is less interesting than that one形容詞最高級的用法①三者或三者以上的人或物進行比較時，用形容詞最高級形式。形容詞最高級前通常需加定冠詞the，句末常接in / of短語來表示范圍。如：He is the strongest of all the boys.
湯姆是所有孩子中最強壯的。Tom is the tallest boy in our class.
湯姆是我們班中最高的男孩。注意：比較范圍常用下面兩種格式：of+復數名詞（代詞賓格）表示“在...之中”如：of the four of us of all in+范圍、場所 如：in China in the world in our school②one of 短語后的形容詞用最高級。
格式：“one of +the + 最高級”。如：The light bulb is one of the most helpful inventions.③序數詞后的形容用最高級。如：The Yellow River is the second longest in China.黃河是中國的第二大河。This is the third largest building in this city.這是這個城市里第三大的建筑物。④形容詞最高級前可以由物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格等修飾，此時不用定冠詞the。如：Yesterday is her happiest day in her life2．情態動詞表推測情態動詞中的must, can, could, may, might都可以表推測。其中must的可能性最大，can/could次之，may/might最小。具體用法如下：1.must 表示把握性很大的肯定推測，只用于肯定句。意思是“一定、準是”。如：He must be American.=It is certain that he is American.他準是個美國人。2）can`t 表示把握性很大的否定推測，意思是“一定不、肯定不”如：He must know my address.他肯定知道我的地址。（一定）He can`t know my address.他肯定不知道我的地址。（一定不）3）can 表示推測“可能性”時，往往用于疑問句。意思是“會、可能”。如：Can he know my address 他知道我的地址嗎？（詢問可能性）4）may, might表示推測“可能性”時，意思是“可能”、“也許”，語氣沒有must肯定。He may/might be American.=It is possible that he is American.他可能是個美國人。
重點句子
1. I’m thinking about life in the countryside.我在想農村的生活。2. People can enjoy the beauty of nature there.人們可以欣賞大自然的美。3. The countryside is much quieter than the city.農村比城市安靜多了。4. The sheep on the farm are the nicest of all.農場上的羊是最好的。5. Which do you like better, plants or animals 你更喜歡植物還是動物？6. Roses are the nicest of all the flowers.玫瑰花是所有花中最好的。7. As we know, they are both important to us.正如我們所知，它們對我們都很重要。8. We must share the same world with them.我們必須和他們共享同一個世界。9. Rain forests cover 6% of the earth’s surface.熱帶雨林覆蓋了地球表面的6%。10. We need rain forests for many reasons.我們需要雨林的原因很多。11. They play an important part in controlling the climate.它們在控制氣候方面起著重要作用。12. The plants help to make the air fresher and cleaner. 植物有助于使空氣更清新、更清潔。13. I like the fresh air and the bluer sky in the countryside.我喜歡鄉下的新鮮空氣和蔚藍的天空。14. Why do you think so Because animals are our friends.你為什么這么想？因為動物是我們的朋友。15. Thousands and thousands of animals live in the rain forests.成千上萬的動物生活在熱帶雨林中。16. Rain forests are very important to us. They are the lungs of the earth.雨林對我們來說非常重要。它們是地球的肺。17.They also help to hold the water when it rains and keep the water cycling.它們還能幫助保持下雨時的水，并保持水循環。18.Rain forests give us wood, food, fruit, medicine, and many more useful things.雨林給我們木材、食物、水果、藥品和許多有用的東西。19.Pandas have less and less land to live on. They are becoming fewer in number.熊貓的生存地越來越少了。他們的數量越來越少了。20.They provide places to live for thousands of plants and animals found nowhere else on Earth.他們為地球上沒有其他地方發現的成千上萬的動植物提供了生存的地方。21. They are in danger because some people make their ocean home dirty.他們處于危險之中，因為有些人把他們的海洋弄臟了。

展開更多......

收起↑