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2025屆高考英語復習之長難句分析（練習題）
長難句難在哪兒？
（1）長---修飾成分多
定語：修飾限定（定語從句/介詞短語/非謂語…）
狀語：附加信息（形容詞/副詞/介詞短語/狀語從句/非謂語/with復合結構）
同位語、插入語……
（2）難---基礎知識雜
詞匯基礎：搞不懂語義/分不清詞性
語法基礎：特殊句式（倒裝句/強調句/省略句）、分不清各類定語和狀語
解決方法：
長變短！---拆、簡化之后再拆解
難變易！---練、做練習熟能生巧
破解方法：
口訣---（1）標 連 斷；（2）定 主 干；（3）理 枝 干
標點連詞先斷開——1、，；：——
找準謂語鎖命脈——2、that,which,where,what,if,though
介短非謂和從句——3、找到介詞作分隔，到名詞（短語）結束
定狀同位插入語——4、to do/doing/done 5、找到連詞作分隔，到第二個謂語動詞結束 6、同位語*
縷清邏輯依次排——7、插入語：I think,for example,according to,to be honest,as we know…
實戰練習及解析：
Supporting this theory, one study from 2009 found that children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were better able to concentrate following a 20-minute walk in the park, compared to a 20-minute walk on the streets of a well-kept urban area.
ADHD:注意力缺陷多動癥
解析：
Supporting this theory, /one study (from 2009) found/ that children/ with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were better able/ to concentrate/ following a 20-minute walk/ in the park, /compared to a 20-minute walk/ on the streets/ of a well-kept urban area.
參考譯文:支持這一理論的是,2009年的一項研究發現,與在整潔的城市區域街道上行走20分鐘相比,注意力缺陷多動障礙(ADHD)的兒童在公園里行走20分鐘后,他們的注意力集中能力有所提高。
Having travelled through the difficult path for 30 years, Mr. Sivan has grown fond of the wild animals he encounters on his daily walks, going so far as to say that they've all become his friends.
解析：
Having travelled/ through the difficult path/ for 30 years, /Mr. Sivan has grown fond of the wild animals （he encounters/） on his daily walks, /going so far as to say/ that they've all become his friends.）
參考譯文：經過30年的艱難旅程，Sivan先生已經喜歡上了他每天散步時遇到的野生動物，甚至說這些動物都成了他的朋友。
I think there are a lot of fixed images placed on those experiencing poor life that do not actually come from the people experiencing it.
解析：
I think /（there are a lot of fixed images/ （placed on those experiencing poor life/ that do not actually come from the people experiencing it.）
參考譯文：
我認為，對于那些生活困苦的人，有很多固定的印象實際上并不是來自于他們自己的經歷。
The open letter on the official website of the Future of Life Institute, co-signed by experts such as SpaceX CEO Elon Musk and computer scientist Stuart Russell and calling for suspending training artificial intelligence systems more powerful than GPT4, is still causing debate.
解析：
The open letter/ （on the official website/ of the Future of Life Institute/, co-signed by experts such as SpaceX CEO Elon Musk/ and computer scientist Stuart Russell/ and calling for suspending training artificial intelligence systems more powerful/ than GPT4/）, is still causing debate.
參考譯文：
未來生命研究所官方網站上的公開信,由包括SpaceX首席執行官埃隆·馬斯克和計算機科學家斯圖爾特·羅素等專家聯名簽署,呼吁暫停訓練比GPT-4更強大的人工智能系統,這一呼吁仍在引發辯論。
They found that there were similar associations between sticking to Mediterranean diet(地中海飲食)and dementia(癡呆癥)risk in individuals with higher and lower genetic risk for his condition, which may indicate that even for those with a higher genetic risk, having a better diet could reduce the likelihood of developing the condition.
解析：
They found/（ that there were similar associations/ between sticking to Mediterranean diet(地中海飲食)and dementia(癡呆癥)risk/ in individuals with higher and lower genetic risk/ for his condition）, /which may indicate /that even for those with a higher genetic risk/, having a better diet could reduce the likelihood of developing the condition.）
參考譯文：
他們發現,無論是遺傳風險高或低的個體,堅持地中海飲食與癡呆癥風險之間都存在類似的關聯,這可能表明即使對于遺傳風險較高的人來說,保持更好的飲食習慣也能降低患病的可能性。
Students who spend time teaching what they've learned show better understanding and ability to remember knowledge than students who simply spend the same time re-studying.
解析：
Students/ who spend time teaching/（what they've learned） show better understanding and ability/ to remember knowledge/ than students/（ who simply spend the same time re-studying.）
參考譯文：
與僅僅花相同時間復習的學生相比，花時間教授所學知識的學生表現出更好的理解力和記憶力。
When random objects were placed in both the virtual and physical rooms, the virtual pairs of participants spent more time looking directly at each other rather than letting their look wander about the room and taking in the entire scene.
解析：
（When random objects were placed/ in both the virtual and physical rooms/,） the virtual pairs/ of participants spent more time looking directly/（ at each other/ ）（rather than letting their look wander /about the room and taking/ in the entire scene.）
參考譯文:
當在虛擬和實體房間中都放置隨機物品時,虛擬環境中成對的參與者會花更多的時間直接看著對方,而不是讓視線在房間中游移,觀察整個場景。
The authors caution that their analysis is limited to individuals who self-reported their ethnic background as white, British or Irish, as genetic data was only available based on European counties, and that further research is needed in a range of populations to determine the potential benefit.
解析：
The authors caution/（ that their analysis is limited/ to individuals/（ who self-reported their ethnic background as white, British or Irish, /as genetic data was only available/ based on European counties, /and that/ further research is needed/ in a range of populations/ to determine the potential benefit.
參考譯文:
作者提醒說,他們的分析僅限于那些自報其種族背景為白人、英國人或愛爾蘭人的個體,因為遺傳數據僅基于歐洲國家可用,他們還指出需要在更多種族群體中進行進一步研究,以確定潛在的益處。
But also, with many people changing their exercise habits and setting up home gyms during the pandemic, it's become much more convenient to exercise at home.
People took this newly freed up time as a chance to add exercise to their day, with online fitness programs and health apps reporting an increase.
The photo of a polar bear lying lifeless on a beach-blood matting the fur of its neck, with one huge paw folded under its body-received immediate criticism globally.
解析：
The photo （of a polar bear/ lying lifeless on a beach/-blood matting the fur of its neck, with one huge paw folded under its body/-）received immediate criticism （globally.）
參考譯文:
一張北極熊躺在海灘上無生命跡象的照片——它的脖子上的血跡將毛發粘結,一只巨大的爪子折疊在身體下——立即在全球引起了批評。
With cutting-edge technology increasingly posing potential risks to human survival, while seeking to equip human society with science and technology, we should be careful to the irreversible risks that would result from too much scientific and technological authorization.
解析：
（With cutting-edge technology increasingly posing potential risks to human survival,） （while seeking to equip human society /with science and technology, ）we should be careful to the irreversible risks /（that would result from too much scientific and technological authorization.）
參考譯文:
隨著尖端技術日益可能對人類生存構成風險,我們在致力于為人類社會裝備科學技術的同時,應當謹慎對待過度授權科學技術可能帶來的不可逆轉的風險。
George Turner, 48, owner of Penuel Bicycles in Inglewood, Caliornia, talks with respect about his childhood BMX dirt bike.
The ozone layer, a blanket of gas that exists between 10 km and 50 km above Earth's surface, protects the planet from the sun's powerful radiation.
But the river national park, as the name suggests, is best explored through leisurely boat rides and cruises that take visitors through many canals and ancient towns that come along the way of the river.
解析：
George Turner, 48, owner of Penuel Bicycles in Inglewood, Caliornia, talks （with respect） about his childhood BMX dirt bike.
參考譯文：喬治·特納,48歲,加利福尼亞州英格爾伍德市Penuel自行車店的老板,懷著敬意談論他童年時騎的BMX越野自行車。
The ozone layer, /（a blanket of gas /that exists between 10 km and 50 km above Earth's surface, ）protects the planet （from the sun's powerful radiation.）
參考譯文：臭氧層是存在于地球表面上方10公里至50公里之間的一層氣體，它保護地球不受太陽強烈輻射的侵害。
But the river national park, （as the name suggests, ）is best explored/ through leisurely boat rides and cruises /（that take visitors through many canals and ancient towns /that come along the way of the river.）
參考譯文：但這個河流國家公園,顧名思義,最好的探索方式是悠閑地乘船和游船,帶游客穿過許多運河和沿河而來的古鎮。
1） However, when unsure, ChatGPT can get creative and flow out incorrect responses.
2）Our adventure wouldn't have been possible if not for their fierce love of this beautiful land and devotion to its protection.
解析：
1） （However, when unsure, ）/ChatGPT can get creative and flow out incorrect responses.
2）Our adventure wouldn't have been possible/（ if not for their fierce love of this beautiful land and devotion to its protection.）
參考譯文：
1）然而,當不確定時,ChatGPT可能會變得有創造性,并給出錯誤的回答。
2）如果不是因為他們對這片美麗土地的熱愛和保護的奉獻,我們的冒險之旅就不可能實現。

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