資源簡(jiǎn)介

中英雙語(yǔ)：臘八節(jié)及相關(guān)習(xí)俗如何用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)？
臘八節(jié)
臘八祭灶，年節(jié)來(lái)到。
閨女要花，小子要炮。
奶奶要塊花頭巾，爺爺要頂新氈帽。
這是民間一直流傳的歌謠。記得小的時(shí)候，大家比較慌年，過(guò)了臘八就是年了！
今日是“臘八節(jié)”。臘八在人們眼中，一直都被視為是農(nóng)歷新年的“前奏”。從這天起，人們開始要掃房、祭灶、寫春聯(lián)、趕年集、買年畫、備年貨……年的氣氛越來(lái)越濃厚。今天就跟隨小編一起來(lái)了解一下“臘八節(jié)”的起源、來(lái)歷和習(xí)俗。
Laba Festival, also simply called "Laba," comes on the eighth day of the twelfth month of the Chinese lunar year. The festival has this name because the twelfth month is also called "la" month in Chinese while the number eight is pronounced "ba."
臘八節(jié)為中國(guó)農(nóng)歷十二月初八。之所以稱作“臘八”，是因?yàn)榈谑€(gè)月在中文中也被稱為“臘月”，而八的發(fā)音為“ba”。
Since it's in the last month of the lunar year, the festival implies saying goodbye to the old and embracing the new, and often regarded as a warm-up celebration for the upcoming Spring Festival. As an old saying goes, "after Laba, it's the (Chinese) New Year."
由于它是農(nóng)歷新年的最后一個(gè)月，所以意味著辭舊迎新已經(jīng)開始，是即將到來(lái)的春節(jié)的熱身節(jié)慶。俗話說(shuō)：“過(guò)了臘八就是年。”
Laba Day is also Bodhi Day in the Buddhist tradition. It's said that Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism, attained enlightenment on this day. Thus, the day is one of the grandest festivals for Buddhists.
臘八節(jié)也是佛教傳統(tǒng)中的菩提節(jié)。據(jù)說(shuō)佛教的創(chuàng)始人釋迦牟尼佛在這一天獲得了開悟。因此，這一天是佛教徒最盛大的節(jié)日之一。
臘八節(jié)的兩個(gè)傳說(shuō)
The Laba Festival falls on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. This holiday may be traced back to the ancient Chinese custom of sacrificing game to the ancestors during the last month of the lunar year. There are two legendary stories about the origin of the Laba Festival. One legend has it that after Sakyamuni left secular life to become a monk, he meditated so deeply that he often forgot to eat. Once, when he was close to dying of starvation, he encountered a woman tending her flock.
農(nóng)歷臘月初八是臘八節(jié)。臘八節(jié)可以追溯到古人在農(nóng)歷年的最后一個(gè)月祭祀祖先的習(xí)俗，有關(guān)這個(gè)節(jié)日的由來(lái)有兩個(gè)傳說(shuō)。一說(shuō)佛祖釋迦牟尼成佛前進(jìn)山修行，他潛心思索，經(jīng)常忘記進(jìn)食。有一次他就快要餓死了，被一牧羊女發(fā)現(xiàn)。
The woman saved his life by feeding him rice porridge, enabling him to continue meditating and attain enlightenment on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month (the Laba Festival). In order to commemorate this incident, every year at the Laba Festival Buddhists eat Laba porridge, also known as Buddha porridge.
牧羊女用大米粥救了釋迦牟尼的性命，使他得以繼續(xù)修行，在農(nóng)歷臘月初八這天大徹大悟、得道成佛。為了紀(jì)念這件事情，佛教徒每年在臘八節(jié)都食用臘八粥，也被稱為“佛粥”。
One said that the Ming emperor Zhu Yuanzhang herded the landowner's cattle when he was a child. He was confined to a small room because one of the cattle broke its leg and the landowner didn't give him any food for three days. Zhu was starved to death and searched every corner of the room. He found a mouse hole and dug out some beans, grain and some other food, so he made some porridge with them and found it delicious.
一說(shuō)，明朝皇帝朱元璋小時(shí)給財(cái)主放牛，因牛腿摔斷被財(cái)主關(guān)在一間屋子里，三天沒(méi)給飯吃。他饑餓難忍，到處搜尋，終于發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)老鼠洞，從中挖掘出豆、谷等各種糧食，煮成粥食用，覺(jué)得非常香甜。
Later, Zhu Yuanzhang made himself an emperor. When he thought of the delicious taste of the porridge he ate in the childhood, he ordered his eunuchs to use a variety of food to cook sweet porridge and shared with all the top civil and military officials. Later, the officials learned to cook this kind of porridge themselves and introduced it to the civil society. Gradually eating porridge became a traditional custom. The day Zhu Yuanzhang ate the sweet porridge was on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, so this porridge is also called laba porridge.
后來(lái)朱元璋做了皇帝，想起小時(shí)候吃那頓粥的味道，就命太監(jiān)用各種糧食煮了一鍋糖粥，歡宴群臣，后朝中文武百官爭(zhēng)相效仿并傳入民間，遂成了一種節(jié)日習(xí)俗。因朱元璋吃糖粥的日子是臘月初八，所以這粥也就叫臘八粥了。
臘八節(jié)習(xí)俗：祭祀、喝臘八粥、腌臘八蒜是臘八的三大習(xí)俗。
祭祀
One of the festival's traditions is to offer sacrifices to the ancestors and gods. In the agrarian societies of ancient times, this worship was a prayer for good luck and a bountiful harvest.
臘八節(jié)的傳統(tǒng)之一是祭祀祖先和神靈。在古代的農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)中，這種祭拜活動(dòng)用來(lái)祈求來(lái)年的豐收和好運(yùn)。
It was also an important ritual for emperors in those times, who would hold grand sacrificial fetes in the winter to show their appreciation to nature and their ancestors.
對(duì)于當(dāng)時(shí)的皇帝來(lái)說(shuō)，這也是一種重要的儀式，他們會(huì)在冬季舉行盛大的祭祀活動(dòng)，以表達(dá)對(duì)自然和祖先的感激。
Those ancient activities could be interpreted as a reflection of "Xiao" (filial piety), "Ren" (benevolence and love) and “Yi” (righteousness) in Confucian values.
這些古老的活動(dòng)體現(xiàn)了儒家價(jià)值觀中的“孝”“仁”和“義”。
Nowadays, the rituals tend to be less formal. People offer sacrifice now more to memorialize family members who have passed away. Those who visit temples on this day are not necessarily religious believers, but want to demonstrate their best wishes for the Chinese New Year.
如今，儀式往往不那么正式了。人們現(xiàn)在更多的是用來(lái)紀(jì)念已故的親人。在這一天參觀寺廟的人不一定是宗教信仰者，而是想表達(dá)對(duì)農(nóng)歷新年的良好祝愿。
臘八粥
The tradition to have Laba congee on this day dates back more than a thousand years and is still a major part of Laba day in many places.
這一天吃臘八粥的傳統(tǒng)可以追溯到一千多年前，至今在許多地方仍然是臘八節(jié)的重要活動(dòng)。
Legend has it that, before being enlightened, the Buddha worked hard for many years and was emaciated and weak. Thanks to the milk porridge offered by some shepherdesses, he recovered physical strength and later achieved enlightenment.
傳說(shuō)，在開悟之前，佛陀辛勤了多年，身體虛弱無(wú)力。多虧了一些牧羊人提供的牛奶粥，他才恢復(fù)了體力，后來(lái)獲得了開悟。
Therefore, nowadays, temples adhere to the tradition of offering congee to the public on this day to show appreciation for the kindhearted and to help the poor.
因此，寺廟會(huì)在這一天向公眾提供臘八粥，以表示對(duì)善良者的感謝，并幫助窮人。
The selection of ingredients for the congee may vary geographically, but generally it include grains like rice, millet, glutinous rice, sorghum, black rice, and coix seeds; beans like soybean, red bean, mung bean, kidney bean, and cowpea; nuts like red dates, peanuts, lotus seeds, goji, chestnuts, raisins, walnuts, and longans.
臘八粥的成分因地域而異，但通常包括谷類，如大米，小米，糯米，高粱，黑米和薏仁；豆類，如大豆，紅豆，綠豆，蕓豆和豇豆；堅(jiān)果類，如紅棗，花生，蓮子，枸杞，栗子，葡萄干，核桃和龍眼等。
臘八蒜
In northern China, it's also popular to make Laba garlic. People usually put peeled garlic cloves into a container with vinegar and then seal it up. During the pickling process, the garlic will turn green. It is a typical side dish to have with dumplings during the Spring Festival.
在中國(guó)北方，臘八蒜蒜也很受歡迎。人們通常將去皮的蒜瓣放入裝有醋的容器中，然后將其密封。在腌制過(guò)程中，大蒜會(huì)變綠。這是春節(jié)期間餃子的典型配菜。
In northwest China, some residents in Shaanxi Province eat Laba noodles for the festival. In places like Anhui in east China, people will eat Laba tofu.
在中國(guó)西北部，陜西人在節(jié)日期間吃臘八面；在中國(guó)東部的安徽等地，人們會(huì)吃臘八豆腐。
These local customs vary based on location and climate and are intended to help people overcome the winter cold and prevent illness.
這些當(dāng)?shù)亓?xí)俗因地理和氣候而異，但目的都幫助人們克服冬季寒冷、預(yù)防疾病。
在這個(gè)獨(dú)具中國(guó)特色的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，讓我們一起看看這條關(guān)于潭柘寺臘八節(jié)施粥活動(dòng)的新聞，來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)一下關(guān)于臘八節(jié)的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)！
北京民眾潭柘寺?tīng)?zhēng)喝臘八粥視頻
新聞原文
Wednesday is the traditional Chinese “Laba Festival", celebrated on the 8th day of the last month of the Chinese lunar calendar. The event reminds people that the Spring Festival is just around the corner and is a day when eating porridge is not to be taken lightly.
The oldest temple in Beijing is embracing tradition by handing out free porridge. And despite the freezing temperature, crowds of people are swarming in, eager to sample the fare.
知識(shí)錦囊
Laba Festival：臘八，即農(nóng)歷十二月初八，古人有祭祀祖先和神靈、祈求豐收吉祥的傳統(tǒng)，一些地區(qū)有喝臘八粥的習(xí)俗。相傳這一天還是佛祖釋迦牟尼成道之日，稱為“法寶節(jié)”，是佛教盛大的節(jié)日之一。
the 8th day of the last month of the Chinese lunar calendar：陰歷臘月初八
hand out the free porridge：施粥
swarm in：指人們蜂擁而入
This porridge looks delicious. In China, it’s also called “eight-treasure porridge” as its ingredients include a nutritious mix of glutinous rice, red beans and peanuts. Before it gets cold, let me have a try.
The traditional eight-treasure porridge has developed over the ages. The kind served here at the temple usually combines 13 different ingredients, based on the auspicious number in Buddhism. However, three more are suggested by Mr. Shen, a scholar of vegetarian culture from Taiwan.
知識(shí)錦囊
eight-treasure porridge：臘八粥
常見(jiàn)臘八粥食材英文表達(dá)：
glutinous rice 糯米，
red bean 紅豆，
millet 小米，
mung 綠豆，
peanuts 花生，
dried lotus seed 干蓮子，
dried date 干棗，
almond 杏仁，
oat 燕麥，
buckwheat 蕎麥
auspicious number in Buddhism：佛教中的幸運(yùn)數(shù)字
auspicious：adj. 吉利的；幸運(yùn)的，吉兆的
"Tanzhe Temple invited me to consult them on vegetarian cooking. We add oats, wheat and buckwheat to make a healthier porridge, so followers will get more nutrition from it," scholar Shen Songmao said.
While some believe Laba porridge is related to sacrificial rituals held on this day by our ancestors, the temples have different versions. They say that enlightened Sakyamuni became Buddha on the eighth day of the last lunar month, or "Laba" in Chinese. Earlier, however, a shepherdess had saved him from fatigue and hunger with a bowl of porridge. As time went by, the two celebrations were combined.
知識(shí)錦囊
sacrificial rituals：祭祀儀式
Sakyamuni：釋迦牟尼。古印度宗教家，佛教的創(chuàng)立者。
fatigue and hunger：饑?yán)Ы患?br/>fatigue：n. / vi. 疲勞，勞累
"I am a Buddhist. This morning I got up at five thirty and drove over 30 kilometers to get here. Besides being a tradition, it’s also a time to pray for blessings for family and friends."
However, most people crowding into the temple are not Buddhists, but simply visitors. They have travelled to the western suburbs of Beijing to take in the nice scenery, and of course the porridge.
"Three of my family members and my neighbors came together this morning. I want my son to experience the traditional celebration here. It’s also a blessing for the coming new year."
According to the organizer, they have been preparing for this event for a month. It has taken 10 hours to just to cook the porridge, all the ingredients donated by Buddhist followers.
知識(shí)錦囊
pray for blessings：祈福
Buddhist follower：佛教信徒
"We have cooked almost 30 big barrels of porridge for this Laba festival, not only for visitors. After this event here, we will take porridge to elderly people at nursing homes and give them blessings for the coming year," said Shao Xiguo, manager of Tanzhe Temple Admin Office.
A bowl of porridge stands for the benevolence of giving. And although it’s a thousand years old, this Chinese tradition is still going strong, bringing happiness in the form of tasty hot porridge during the chilly winter season.
知識(shí)錦囊
nursing home：養(yǎng)老院
benevolence：n. 慈悲，善舉，捐獻(xiàn)
chilly winter: 寒冬
寒冷的表達(dá)不只有cold，文章第一段還出現(xiàn)了freezing。除此之外，nippy（冷颼颼的）和frigid（極寒的、寒冷的）可以用來(lái)表達(dá)不同程度的寒冷。

展開更多......

收起↑