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譯林版8A一月期末考試考點講解
Teaching objectives 1.知識目標：學生能夠掌握期末考試的重難點。 2.技能目標：學生能夠掌握運用8AU1-8重難點知識解題 3.情感目標：學生能夠學會將知識點和考點相結合
Key points, Difficult points 形容詞、副詞原級、比較級和最高級；反身代詞；動詞不定式；句子結構；過去進行時
詞匯復習運用
考點1. 名詞
【考點詳解】
U1-4
U1
單詞 含義 注意點
★secret 秘密 keep a secret保守秘密
joy 歡樂，高興，樂趣
teenager （13-19歲的）青少年 單復數(shù)、所有格
magazine 雜志 復數(shù)
lie 謊言 單復數(shù) tell a lie/tell lies
joke 玩笑
★voice 嗓音 區(qū)別：voice，noise，sound
singer 歌手 單復數(shù)、所有格
★sense 感覺；觀念，意識 a sense of... ......感
★humor 幽默 a sense of humor 幽默感
personality 個性
★height 身高
★weight 體重
★competition 競賽，比賽；競爭
test 測試，考查
swimmer 游泳者 單復數(shù)、所有格
plan 打算，計劃
smile 微笑
U2
單詞 含義 注意點
advertisement 廣告 拼寫
French 法語 France 法國
★language 語言 拼寫
chess 象棋 大小寫
lunchtime 午餐時間
physics 物理
美式和英式單詞表達 對應單詞的美式和英式拼寫
U3
單詞 含義 注意點
Australia 澳大利亞
top 頂部，（物體的）上面 on the top of...
★journey 旅行，旅程 拼寫
interest 令人感興趣的事（或人）；興趣 place(s) of interest 景點
sights 名勝，風景
★culture 文化 cultural
Internet 網(wǎng)絡 on the Internet
★climber 登山者，攀爬者 單復數(shù)、所有格
★final 決賽
★support 支持 with the support of/with one’s support
half-time 中場休息
★cost 費用，價錢 the cost of...
cheer 歡呼聲，喝彩聲
meaning 意思
ticket 票，入場券
★taste 味道，品味 形容詞：tasty
U4
單詞 含義 注意點
★instruction 指示 拼寫、單復數(shù)
tool 工具
brush 刷子
glue 膠水
rope 繩子
scissors 剪刀
tape 磁帶
★mistake 錯誤 make a mistake
shelf 架子 復數(shù)拼寫shelves
★sentence 句子
tip 指示，指點
★example 例子 for example例如
cover 封面，蓋子，罩
paint 顏料
★furniture 家具 拼寫、不可數(shù)
U5-8
U5
單詞 含義 注意點
wild 自然環(huán)境，野生狀態(tài) in the wild
dish 一道菜，盤，碟 wash dishes,
★pity 同情；遺憾，可惜 have/take pity on; What a pity!
dolphin 海豚 拼寫
giant panda 大熊貓 拼寫
squirrel 松鼠 拼寫
zebra 斑馬
bat 蝙蝠
bee 蜜蜂
wolf 狼 復數(shù)
★beginning 開始 in the beginning
★result 結果 as a result
★danger 危險 in danger
★action 行動；行為 take action
reserve (動植物）保護區(qū) 拼寫
★law 法律，法規(guī) make laws to...
stripe 條紋
quality 特性；才能
hunter 獵人
living 生存，生計 make a living
human 人 復數(shù)
shame 憾事，羞愧 What a shame!
illness 疾病
report 報告
tail 尾巴
insect 昆蟲
daytime 白天
U6
單詞 含義 注意點
birdwatching 觀鳥
market 市場
hen 母雞
crane 鶴
sparrow 麻雀
feather 羽毛
swan 天鵝
eagle 鷹
wing 翅膀
type 種類
★nature 大自然，自然界 詞性轉換
wetland （尤指為野生動物保存的濕地）
cover 庇護所
wildlife 野生動物
★stay 停留，逗留
cent 分，分幣
★per cent 百分之......
U7
單詞 含義 注意點
butterfly 蝴蝶 復數(shù)形式
shower 陣雨；陣雪 拼寫
★memory 記憶，回憶 單復數(shù)
stream 小河，溪流 拼寫
shade 陰涼處，樹蔭出 拼寫
pile 堆
crop 莊稼，收成
★temperature 溫度 拼寫；復數(shù)
cloud 云 復數(shù)；形容詞變形
fever 發(fā)燒
snowstorm 暴風雪
wind 鳳 形容詞變形
sunshine 陽光
★rest 其余的部分（人） 主謂一致
★degree 度數(shù) 復數(shù)
bit 一點，少量 a bit和a little一組區(qū)別
fog 霧 形容詞變形
shine 光亮，光澤
snowball 雪球
fight 打仗（架）
land 陸地
snowman 雪人 復數(shù)
ice 冰
U8
單詞 含義 注意點
★disaster 災難 拼寫
earthquake 地震
★accident 事故，意外的事 冠詞使用，拼寫
coach 長途汽車
flood 洪水，水災
★village 村莊，鄉(xiāng)村
lightning 閃電
storm 風暴，暴（風）雨
thunder 雷，雷聲
shake 搖動，震動 拼寫
bomb 炸彈
★fear 害怕，恐懼 in fear of
★direction 方向 in all directions
brick 磚，磚塊
shaking 搖動，震動
★heart 心臟
★mind 頭腦
dark 黑暗
shout 呼喊，喊叫聲
daylight 日光
towel 毛巾，浴巾
rule 規(guī)則，建議
railway 鐵路
burn 燒傷，燙傷，灼傷
daughter 女兒
granddaughter （外）孫女
son 兒子
grandson （外）孫子
★board 木板 on board
weekday 工作日（周一至周五的任何一天）
headache 頭痛 拼寫
toothache 牙痛 拼寫
countryside 鄉(xiāng)下，農(nóng)村 拼寫
housework 家務活
pancake 烙餅，薄餅
注意：名詞類考點需要注意單復數(shù)、所有格及單詞拼寫！！
【例題講解】
1．（23-24八年級上·江蘇揚州·期末）I guess these bags are their . Please keep them in your office. (妻子)
2．（23-24八年級上·江蘇揚州·期末） are important, so we should read them carefully before we do something new. (指導，說明）
3．（23-24八年級上·江蘇淮安·期末）There are four (season) in a year and I like summer best.
4．（23-24八年級上·江蘇宿遷·期末）The (政府) takes some action to protect wild animals in the wild.
5．（23-24八年級上·江蘇宿遷·期末）We should understand the (重要性) of the natural reserve.
6．（23-24八年級上·江蘇宿遷·期末）Simon has a good m . He can remember things well.
7．（23-24八年級上·江蘇宿遷·期末）Our Chinese teacher says a good b is half done.
8．（23-24八年級上·江蘇宿遷·期末）A strong (地震) hit Japan in January 2024.
9．（23-24八年級上·江蘇南通·期末）The government has made some (法律) to care about the left-behind kids.
10．（23-24八年級上·江蘇南通·期末）The train (a long trip) from Hai’an to Guangzhou takes about five and a half hours.
11．（23-24八年級上·江蘇蘇州·期末）Ding Zhaozhong won the Nobel Prize for (物理) in 1976.
12．（19-20八年級上·江蘇蘇州·期末）He arrived at the office early to set an (例子) to the others.
13．（21-22八年級上·江蘇蘇州·期末）—Nobody knows what will happen next.
—So we just hope for the best and prepare for the .
考點2. 動詞
【考點詳解】
U1-4
U1
單詞 含義 注意點
care 關心，關注，在意 care about
make 成為，適合 make sb. do /adj.
★trust 信任
★fit 可容納，裝進
★knock 碰，撞，把......撞擊成
★choose 選擇，挑選 過去式chose
test 測試，考查
★plan 打算，計劃 plan to do sth./planned
U2
單詞 含義 注意點
★offer 主動提出，自愿給與 offer sb. sth./offer sth to sb
★end 結束
★win 贏得；贏，獲勝 過去式won,現(xiàn)在分詞winning，winner
★spend 花費（時間或金錢） spend...on sth/(in) doing sth.;四大“花費”
★finish 完成；結束 finish doing sth.
U3
單詞 含義 注意點
★join 加入，參加
★shine 照耀，發(fā)光 過去式拼寫shone
★arrive 到達 介詞in和at的區(qū)別，三個“到達”的區(qū)別
★pull 拉；拖；移開 pull oneself up the rocks
★cheer 歡呼，喝彩 cheer up
★reach 到達 三個“到達”的區(qū)別
★keep 留著，不退還
U4
單詞 含義 注意點
★repair 修補
★decorate 裝飾
★fill 使充滿 fill...with/be filled with.../be full of...
★advise 建議 advise...sb to do sth./ 名詞：advice不可數(shù)
★attend 經(jīng)常去，出席
cut 剪下，切下，割下 過去式：cut; cut out剪出
mix 混合
add 增加，補充
leave 使處于某種狀態(tài)
tidy 收拾，整理 tidy up
★spell 拼寫 spelling mistake 拼寫錯誤
★stick 粘住，釘住 過去式stuck
complete 完成
U5-8
U5
單詞 含義 注意點
die 死 區(qū)分：die, dead, dying, death
mean 意思是，意味著 n. meaning
face 面臨，面對
live on 以食......為生
save 儲存，節(jié)省
catch 捉住，捕獲 caught 過去式
lose 失去，被......奪去；輸?shù)?lost;get lost
kill 殺死
sell 賣，出售 sold
★act 行動；表演 action
★accept 接受，收受
move 活動，移動，搬遷
U6
單詞 含義 注意點
★provide 提供 provide sb. with sth./provide sth. with sb.
lead 領導，帶領 lead to
★prevent 防止，預防 prevent sb from doing
record 記錄
count 計算（或清點）總數(shù)；數(shù)數(shù)
★describe 描述 describing
understand 理解，明白 understood
write down 寫下，記下 wrote
★cover 覆蓋，包含 be covered with
★introduce 介紹 introduction
U7
單詞 含義 注意點
bet 打賭，敢說 過去式bet
harvest 收割，收獲
★drop 下降，落下 過去式dropped
★rise 上升，升起 過去式rose; 和raise區(qū)分
kick 踢
★cough 咳嗽 拼寫，過去式
★blow 吹 blew
★ring 給......打電話，響起鈴聲 rang
★cause 引起，使發(fā)生
★throw 扔，投，擲 threw
★scream 尖叫，驚呼
U8
單詞 含義 注意點
★mop 用拖把擦干凈 mop it up/ mopped
★crash 猛撞，碰撞
★shake 搖動，震動 過去式shook
beat （使）規(guī)律作響，作節(jié)奏運動 過去式beat
★calm （使）平靜，（使）鎮(zhèn)定 calm down
★break 損壞，打破 過去式broke
★clear 清除，清理
注意：動詞類填空需要注意三單、時態(tài)、搭配！！
【例題講解】
1．（23-24八年級上·江蘇揚州·期末）The bushes and trees were in the wind. (blow)
2．（23-24八年級上·江蘇揚州·期末）The rain away the signs of summer and brings nice and cool air. (wash)
3．（23-24八年級上·江蘇揚州·期末）After a heated discussion, they finally all the plans. (接受)
4．（23-24八年級上·江蘇南通·期末）My brother always (建議) me to take a course in drawing.
5．（23-24八年級上·江蘇南通·期末）I had a high fever and (咳嗽) a lot, so my mum took me to see the doctor.
6．（23-24八年級上·江蘇南通·期末）Our English teacher often asks us to (討論) in small groups in class.
7．（23-24八年級上·江蘇南通·期末）The newly-built teaching building will (give something to someone or something else) the students with a comfortable learning environment.
8．（23-24八年級上·江蘇蘇州·期末）He broke his new iPhone XS Max by (落下) it.
9．（19-20八年級上·江蘇蘇州·期中）The fireman (拉) the driver away from the burning taxi several minutes ago.
10．（23-24八年級上·江蘇蘇州·期末）—Can you the strange man
—Oh, he is short but strong with broad shoulders.
考點3. 形容詞副詞
【考點詳解】
U1-4
U1
單詞 含義 注意點
★thirsty 口渴的 比較級thirstier
★honest 誠實的 冠詞使用an,反義詞dishonest
★humorous 幽默的
★polite 有禮貌的 反義詞impolite
★tidy 愛整潔的，整潔的 比較級tidier
true 確定的；的確 副詞轉換：truly
★generous 慷慨的，大方的 拼寫
willing 樂意的，愿意的 be willing to do sth.
★bored 無聊的 區(qū)分：-ed類形容詞和-ing類形容詞
straight 筆直的 拼寫
★worse/worst bad的比較級和最高級
social 社會的
smiling 微笑的，面帶笑意的
handsome 英俊的
fat 胖的 fatter/est
hard-working 勤奮的，努力工作的
★patient 有耐心的 patiently, impatient
U2
單詞 含義 注意點
★mixed 男女混合的，混合的
★foreign 外國的
★least 最少的 little-less-least; few-fewer-fewest
★further 較遠 far的比較級和最高級、拼寫
daily 每日的，日常的
weekly 每周的
quick 快的 副詞quickly轉換
U3
單詞 含義 注意點
clear 晴朗的，清晰的 比較級形式clearer
finally 最后
main 主要的
★luckily 幸運的 各類詞性的轉換及反義詞
free 免費的
helpless 無助的 語境
★useful/useless 有用的/無用的 , a useful book
cheerful 興高采烈的
colorful 多彩的
U4
單詞 含義 注意點
★crazy 著迷的，狂熱的，發(fā)瘋的 be crazy about; 比較級crazier
terrible 可怕的
already 已經(jīng)
★correct 正確的 反義詞incorrect
★finished 完成
★certain 確定的 反義詞uncertain，副詞certainly
★wrong 錯誤地 go wrong
U5-8
U5
單詞 含義 注意點
wild 野生的 wild animals
free 自由的，不受束縛的 be free
★sadly 令人遺憾地，不幸地；傷心地 sad adj. sadness n.
★mainly 主要地，大部分 main
closed 關閉的 be closed/open
lost 迷路的，迷失的 get
thick 厚的；密的；濃的 thicker/est
sorry 難過的，遺憾的
★slowly 緩慢地 more/most slowly slow adj.
★otherwise 要不然，否則
U6
單詞 含義 注意點
yummy 美味的，可口的
broad 寬的，寬大的
★rare 罕見的，稀有的
★perfect 極好的，完美的
round 周圍，繞一整圈；轉過來 all year round
★easily 容易地，不費力地
★moreover 此外
★clearly 清晰地 more clearly
★natural 自然的，天然的 nature n. 自然 natural adv. 自然地
U7
單詞 含義 注意點
foggy 有霧的，多霧的 比較級
rainy 有雨的 比較級
snowy 有雪的
★awful 糟糕的，很壞的 冠詞使用
around 大約
loud 大聲的（地） 區(qū)分：loud,loudly,aloud
★sleepy 困倦的，瞌睡的 比較級：sleepier; 區(qū)分：asleep& sleepy
★shiny 光亮的，反光的
sudden 突然的 suddenly
deep 深的
frozen 結冰的
★exciting 激動人心的 區(qū)別：exciting&excited
★everywhere 到處
U8
單詞 含義 注意點
slight 輕微的
★silent 寂靜的 名詞：silence keep silent, in silence
★nervous 緊張的 拼寫
★trapped 困住的
★alive 活著的 區(qū)分living&alive
★safe 安全的 比較級：safer；名詞：safety；副詞：safely
★asleep 睡著的
★nearly 幾乎，將近
behind 在后面
【例題講解】
1．（23-24八年級上·江蘇揚州·期末）Sometimes reading makes you understand better than reading out loud. (silent)
2．（23-24八年級上·江蘇揚州·期末）It’s a truth that you must give up something in order to get something. (nature)
3．（23-24八年級上·江蘇揚州·期末）One night of bad sleep or no sleep can make you feel an day the next day. (糟糕的)
4．（23-24八年級上·江蘇淮安·期末）Max is (tall) than the other students in his school.
5．（23-24八年級上·江蘇淮安·期末）This book is very (use). I can learn a lot from it.
6．（23-24八年級上·江蘇宿遷·期末）The children’s (多彩的) clothes were from different countries.
7．（23-24八年級上·江蘇宿遷·期末）Last time, Sandy was (困住) on the island for four days.
8．（23-24八年級上·江蘇宿遷·期末）I can’t see anything clearly because it’s f today.
9．（23-24八年級上·江蘇宿遷·期末）I didn’t pass the driving test. This was an (terrible) thing for me.
10．（23-24八年級上·江蘇宿遷·期末）Giant pandas live (more than anything else) on a special kind of bamboo.
11．（23-24八年級上·江蘇南通·期末）You’ve told me the truth. Thank you for being so with me.
12．（23-24八年級上·江蘇蘇州·期末）The (突然的) heavy storm caused lots of traffic accidents.
13．（23-24八年級上·江蘇蘇州·期末）This was not (確切地) what I wanted to hear.
14．（23-24八年級上·江蘇蘇州·期末）I turned around and saw a (微笑的) girl with long black hair.
考點4. 其他
【例題講解】
1．（23-24八年級上·江蘇揚州·期末）Mrs Smith was happy to see her son cleaning the bedroom by . (he)
2．（23-24八年級上·江蘇揚州·期末）If the temperature is in the , the temperature is between 30 and 39 degrees. (三十)
3．（21-22八年級上·江蘇蘇州·期中）—Nice to meet you. Let me introduce first. I’m John.
—Nice to meet you. I’m Sally.
4. （23-24八年級上·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·期末）I saw some cakes on the plate, but now there is ________ left on it.
A．none B．something C．nothing D．no one
5. （23-24八年級上·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·期末）________ birds have come back because the environment here becomes better and better.
A．Thousands of B．Thousand of C．Two thousands D．Two thousand of
6.（23-24八年級上·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·期末）—Are you going to Shanghai Art Museum this Sunday
—Yes. ________ I ________ my brother is going there. We will start at 2 p. m.
A．Both; and B．Neither; nor C．Not only; but also D．Either; or
短語復習
【考點詳解】
考點1. U1-4
keep a secret for sb為某人保守秘密 keep the secret to oneself把秘密藏在自己心里
care about 關心
have a good sense of humour/direction很有幽默感/方向感
make an excellent teacher成為一名優(yōu)秀的老師
tell (sb) a lie/lies/a joke/jokes=tell a lie/lies/a joke/jokes (to sb)說謊/講笑話
knock the books onto the ground把書本撞到地上
choose to do sth 選擇做某 choose to be a social worker選擇成為社會工作者
plan to do sth計劃做某事 make a plan for為...所做的計劃
what about some milk 想要一些牛奶嗎？ what about sth/doing sth想要做某事
share sth with sb和某人分享某物
have problem with sth/have problem doing sth(做)某事有問題
what he says/said→his words 他所說的
What makes good friends 什么樣的人適合做好朋友
one of the/one’s+最高級+復數(shù)名詞 最...的...之一
give her seat on the bus to someone in need把她的座位讓給有需要的人
have a good voice 有副好嗓音
say a bad word/bad words about sb說某人壞話
both...and... 既...又...，...和...
have/wear a smile on her face面帶微笑
help sb with sth幫助某人某事
be patient/impatient with sb對某人有/沒有耐心
at least至少 at most至多
look through瀏覽
keep (on) doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事，重復做某事
finish/complete doing sth完成做某事
at lunchtime在午餐時間
far away from 遠離（有具體距離不用far）
practise doing練習做某事
have an important match (with/against...) 有一場和...的重要比賽
borrow sth from... 向某人借 lend sth to sb=lend sb sth把某物借給某人
near the end of...臨近...末尾 at the end of...在...末尾 in the end=finally=at last最后
discuss sth with sb=talk sth with sb和某人討論某事
似乎：seem to do；seem+adj；It seems that+從句
listen carefully to my problems 認真傾聽我的問題
end earlier than usual 結束的比平時早
have ... off 休假...
wear school uniforms穿校服
have an hour for my hobbies愛好上花一小時 have an hour of homework做一個小時的作業(yè)
choose subjects to study選擇要學習的科目
go on a school trip去學校旅行
come on 加油；得了吧；趕快
enjoy oneself=have a good time=have fun(+doing) (做某事)玩的開心
take care 保重，當心 take care of=look after照顧、照料
can’t/couldn’t wait to do迫不及待做某事
get off...下車 get on...上車 (不適用“代詞放中間”)
place of interest 名勝古跡
not believe one’s eyes 不相信自己的眼鏡
on the Internet在網(wǎng)上
by oneself=on one’s own=alone獨自
cheer sb up使某人振作 cheer for sb為某人歡呼/加油
as high as a real one和真的那個一樣高
take a boat trip乘船旅行
sth weighs... =the weight of... is... 某物重...=某物的重量是...
invite sb to do/sp. 邀請某人做某事/去某地
a lot of traffic 交通擁擠
the main sights of the world 世界主要景點
the song and dance shows歌舞表演/秀
learn a lot about different cultures了解許多關于不同文化的知識
remember to do記得去做某事 remember doing記得做過某事
forget to do忘記做某事 forget doing忘記了做過某事
in the final of the basketball competition在籃球賽的決賽中
with one’s support/help= with the support/help of sb在某人支持/幫助下
a 20-minute period 20分鐘的時間段
plan a day out 計劃外出一天
read the instructions閱讀說明(書)
had better (not) do sth最好(不要)做某事
a pair of scissors一把剪刀
stand for代表
instead of sth/doing 代替/而不是...
be crazy about sth/doing對...著迷
put in a brighter light安裝一盞更亮的燈
put up a picture/the shelf張貼一幅畫/搭建一個書架
make a mistake/mistakes 犯錯誤
fill...with...用...裝滿... be filled with滿是...
paint the room blue把房間刷成藍色 colour the roses red給玫瑰涂上紅色
add...to... 把...加入...
not only...but also...不僅...而且...
one...the other... 一個...另一個... on the other side of the card在卡片另一面
for example例如（舉例是句子，且是一個）
tidy up整理
keep it secret保密
go wrong出錯
advise sb to do建議某人做某事 advise doing建議做某事
take a course in DIY上DIY課程
attend lessons上課
all over the floor 滿地 all over the world全世界 all over the city全城
keep spelling the words wrong一直拼寫錯誤
stop doing停止做某事 stop to do停下來做了一件事
be certain about... 確定
for example例如（舉例是句子，且是一個）
tidy up整理
keep it secret保密
go wrong出錯
advise sb to do建議某人做某事 advise doing建議做某事
take a course in DIY上DIY課程
all over the floor 滿地 all over the world全世界 all over the city全城
keep spelling the words wrong一直拼寫錯誤
attend lessons上課
stop doing停止做某事 stop to do停下來做了一件事
be certain about... 確定
考點2. U5-8
in the wild 在野外
no way 沒門
have/take pity on sb 同情某人
die of/from 死于（of-內(nèi)因，from 外因）
in fact事實上
be born 出生
in the beginning=at first起初，一開始 at the beginning of在...開始時
face sth面臨/面對... =be faced with sth
live mainly on 主要以...為食
as a result結果，因此 as a result of由于...
in danger處于危險中 be dangerous to sb對某人有危險
take action right away 立刻采取行動
at birth 在出生時=when ... be born
be/get lost 迷路
the same..as 和...一樣
It's a pity/shame... 很遺憾/可惜...
What a pity/shame多么遺憾
in the daytime在白天
call sb+稱呼 稱呼某人... 對稱呼提問what
for the first time初次
bamboo forests 竹林
have no place to live 沒有地方居住
don’t have food to eat 沒有食物可吃
build panda reserves 建造熊貓保護區(qū)
make laws to protect pandas 制定法律來保護熊貓
for a short while 短短一會兒
hunt them for fun 獵取它們?yōu)榱巳?br/>other parts of the body 身體其他部分
lose living areas 失去生存區(qū)域
I’m sorry to hear that 聽到這個消息很傷心/抱歉。
move around 四周活動
sleep through the winter 睡過整個冬天
all year round 一整年
lead to (led-led) 導致
for a short stay短暫停留
cover...with...用...遮蓋 be covered with 被覆蓋
be covered in deep snow覆蓋在深雪中
have more space for farms and buildings 有更多的空地給農(nóng)場和建筑物
prevent/stop/keep sb from doing在組織某人做某事
record the changes in numbers記錄數(shù)字的變化
the importance of... ...的重要性
protect sb from sth 保護某人免受某物的害
have/cover an area of... = is ... in size 占地...面積
home to... ...的家園
one of the world’s most important wetlands 世界上最重要的濕地之一
a perfect place to do 做某事的完美地方
take sth with/to sb 和某人談話 (to-單向)
a pair of binoculars 一副望遠鏡
write down what you see 寫下所見
make/let/have sb do get sb to do 讓某人做某事
enjoy the natural world 享受自然世界
call sb on... 撥...打電話給某人 email sb at... 發(fā)送郵件給某人到...
bring sb sth=bring sth to sb 帶給某個某物
with nothing on 什么都沒穿
cough a lot 經(jīng)常咳嗽
have a high fever 發(fā)高燒
the cause of ...的起因
What a perfect time to fly a kite!多么完美的放風箏時間啊！
among the flowers 在花叢中
hide from the April showers躲避四月陣雨
sweets memories of summer days夏日的甜美記憶
autumn leaves turn brown秋葉變黃
fall into piles落成堆
the temperature drops/rises 氣溫下降/上升
drop below zero 將至零度以下
drop to... 下降到 drop by... 下降了
be busy doing 忙于做某事
in the late morning 上午晚些時候
in the thirties 在三十多...
this time of year每年這個時候
blow hard 吹得很猛
mop up sth 拖洗，擦干凈 mop it/them up
thousands of +復數(shù) 數(shù)千，成千上萬
three thousand +復數(shù) 三千
three thousand of the +復數(shù) 期中三千
crash into the tree 撞到樹上
hear about 聽說
feel a slight shake 感到輕微震動
scream in fear 害怕地尖叫
be alive 活著的
pull myself through the dark在黑暗中緩慢移動
try one’s best to do 盡最大努力做某事
by accident 偶然
wash away沖走
catch fire著火(瞬間) be on fire（延續(xù)）
in all directions四面八方
come down下降、降落
not...at all 一點也不，根本不
calm down 平靜下來
find one’s way out 找到出路
at last=finally=in the end 最后
break down 拋錨，奔潰
as...as possible=as...as sb can/could 盡可能...
have a headache/toothache頭疼、牙疼
in the countryside 在鄉(xiāng)村
because of the cold weather 由于天氣不好
hear the noise of traffic 聽到交通的噪音
cross the road=v+across the road 過馬路
stay/keep away from 遠離
share sth with sb 和某人共用/分享某物
fall over跌倒
clear the snow from the streets 清除街道上的積雪
語法復習
考點1. 形容詞、副詞的原級、比較級和最高級
【考點詳解】
形容詞和副詞的比較級
（1）比較級的基本結構：比較級+ than
（2）標志詞語 much, even, a little
（3）變化規(guī)律:
①直接+ er / est 例：fast, cheap, fresh, high, long, small等
②結尾以e結尾的短音節(jié)詞+r/st 例：fine, nice, safe, late等
③以y結尾的短音節(jié)詞去y+ier/iest 例：easy, busy, lazy, happy, pretty, healthy, early, heavy等
④輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫+er/est 例：slim, thin, big, hot, fat, sad（苗條瘦大熱胖憂）
⑤長音節(jié)詞前+more/most 例：famous, dangerous, friendly, frightened, tired, careful等
⑥不規(guī)則 例：good/well better best bad/ill/badly worse worst
（好壞多少遠） much/many more most little less least far farther farthest（強調(diào)距離，具體的）far further furthest（強調(diào)程度，抽象的）
（4）特殊形容詞：既可直接+er/est，也可在前+more/most的詞：clever, handsome, polite, simple, stupid
（5）常用用法： ① the +比較級, the + 比較級( 越…就越…) e. g The more, the better.
② 比較級+ and +比較級（越來越…）e. g The life today is better and better.
形容詞和副詞的最高級
（1）最高級的基本結構： the + 最高級
（2）最高級的標志詞語：in（+地點/范圍），of/among（+人）
（3）常用用法：
① 形物代+最高級 e.g my best friend
② the+序數(shù)詞+最高級 e.g the second longest river
③ one of + 最高級 +n.(pl.)名詞復數(shù) e.g one of my best friends
同級比較：
基本結構：as adj./adv.(原形) as
否定形式：not as/so + adj./adv.原形 + as = 比較級 + than
【例題講解】
（蘇州市2023-2024學年八年級上學期期末）9. —Do you know Liu Fei in the Birdwatching Society
—Sure. He is one of the __________ voices for saving rare birds.
A. luckiest B. shiniest C. widest D. loudest
（蘇州市2022-2023學年八年級上學期期末）6. I have less free time than John, hut Nancy has more free time than John. Among the three of us, I have the ________ free time.
A. less B. least C. more D. most
考點2. 反身代詞和祈使句
【考點詳解】
反身代詞：
enjoy oneself, take care of oneself, wash oneself, hurt oneself, dress oneself, teach oneself ,help oneself (to +食物)（自便/自取食物）, for oneself（親自），by oneself=on one’s own=alone
祈使句：
1) 肯定結構
① Do型（以行為動詞原形開頭），如：Sit down! 坐下！ Stand up! 起立！
② Be型（以be開頭）， 如：Be quiet! 安靜！ Be careful！小心！
③ Let型（以let開頭）
【注意】
①let’s是let us的簡略式。
②表示請求、勸告的祈使句還常常在句前或句末加上please, 構成句式：Please …或 …, please. 以使語氣更加緩和或客氣。
2）否定結構，一律在肯定結構前加 Do not (Don’t)。
3）反義疑問句
例：
Have a rest, won’t you
Don’t run, will you
Let us go, will you
Let’s go, shall we
【注意】
1. 肯定祈使句的反義疑問句用 will you, 否定祈使句的反義疑問句用 won’t you;
2. Let’s 開頭的祈使句的反義疑問句只能是 shall we。
【例題講解】
1.（23-24八年級上·江蘇淮安·期末）—Mum, what should I do now
— ________ the fruit into small pieces, please.
A．Cut B．To cut C．Cutting D．Cuts
2. （23-24八年級上·江蘇泰州·期末）Surprisingly, Mary’s beautiful hair ________ below her knees and made ________ almost a coat for her.
A．reported; herself B．rose; her C．reached; itself D．received; it
考點3. 用should和had better提建議、情態(tài)動詞may的用法
【考點詳解】
情態(tài)動詞had better、should、may的用法
給他人提建議時，可以用had better和should，表示“最好”或“應該”做某事， had better的語氣比should強一些。
【注意】
1）had better (常簡略為’d better)，是固定詞組，后必須跟動詞原形，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。 肯定句型：had better do sth. 否定句型：had better not do sth.
2）should 后面也要跟動詞原形，且沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。should 的否定式是should not/shouldn’t。
3）may/might用法
may/might表示把握性不大的推測，意為“或許，可能”，可以對現(xiàn)在、過去或將來的情況進行推測，常用于肯定句中。might表示的可能性低于may.
例 I might be a few minutes late.我可能會晚到幾分鐘。
may/might表示請求許可或征求對方的意見。給予許可時可用may,但不能用might.
例－May/Might I come in 我可以進來嗎？
－Yes,you may.是的，你可以。不能用might
【例題講解】
（蘇州市2023-2024學年八年級上學期期末）4. It is snowing heavily. For your safety, you __________ take the underground instead of riding bicycles to school.
A. had better not B. needn’t C. had better D. need
（蘇州市2022-2023學年八年級上學期期末）2. —How about going to Suzhou Museum tomorrow
—I’d like to, but I ________ not be free.
A. would B. may C. must D. need
考點4. 動詞不定式
【考點詳解】
1.動詞不定式作賓語。常接動詞不定式作賓語的動詞有：
would like/want to 想要 agree to同意 afford to 負擔得起
hope/wish to 希望 decide to決定 promise to 承諾
continue to 繼續(xù) expect to 期望 refuse to 拒絕
2.動詞不定式作賓語補足語。常接動詞不定式作賓語補足語的動詞：
tell sb.to do sth.告訴某人做某事 warn sb.to do sth.警告某人做某事
invite sb. to do sth.邀請某人做某事 allow sb.to do sth.允許某人做某事
expect sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事 advise sb.to do sth.建議某人做某事
動詞不定式作賓語補足語
可以用動詞不定式來說明賓語的情況，此時動詞不定式在句中作賓語補足語。
如: I want you to sing a song for us.我想讓你給我們唱首歌。
My father asked me to post a letter.我爸爸讓我寄封信。
動詞不定式作賓語補足語，有帶to和不帶to兩種形式。如:
The teacher asked us to read English every day.老師叫我們每天讀英語。
My mother made me clean my bedroom.我母親讓我打掃臥室。
常跟帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有:ask、tell、order、invite、get、allow、 wish、want、encourage、advise、warn、like、love、hate等。
如: The policeman told the boys not to swim in the river.
警察告訴男孩們別在這條河里游泳。
What do you want me to buy for you 你想讓我為你買什么
常跟不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有:
感官動詞hear、feel、see、watch、 notice等;
使役動詞let、make和have。
如: I saw her open the door.我看見她開門的。
You can let the boy go first.你可以讓那個男孩先走。
動詞help后面的動詞不定式可帶to，也可不帶to。
如:She often helps me (to) do the housework.她常常幫我做家務。
We helped him (to) fix his bike.我們幫他修自行車。
動詞不定式作目的狀語
用動詞不定式表示某一動作或狀態(tài)的目的。
如: He stopped to ask the way.他停下來問路。
He stayed at the school to clean the classroom.他留在學校打掃教室。
為了使表達更加清楚或對目的加以強調(diào)，還可以在動詞前面用in order to。
如: She is running quickly in order to catch the first bus.為了趕上首班公交車，她正飛快地跑著。
I will sit in the front in order to hear more clearly.為了聽得更清楚，我要坐在前面。
注意:由in order to引導的目的狀語，既可以置于句尾，也可以置于句首。
如:They started early in order to get there in time.為了及時趕到那里，他們很早就出發(fā)了。
In order to get there in time, they started early.
【例題講解】
（蘇州市2023-2024學年八年級上學期期末）5. Hiding under the desk __________ yourself is important when there’s an earthquake.
A. to protect B. protect C. protected D. protecting
13．（23-24八年級上·江蘇淮安·期末）Our teacher tells us (go) to bed early every day.
考點5. 動詞及五種基本句型
【考點詳解】
句子成分
1.主語：句子的主角，動作、行為發(fā)出者
2.謂語：主語發(fā)出的動作，一個簡單句有且僅有一個謂語
3.賓語：動作的承受者
4.表語：主語身份（是什么）或者特征（怎么樣）（跟在系動詞后面。
系動詞：be 感官系動詞：look sound smell taste feel 保持系動詞：keep stay remain 狀態(tài)變化類：become get turn go
5.定語：修飾名詞或代詞
6.狀語：說明動作何時何地如何發(fā)生，或說明形容詞或副詞程度
7.補語：主補+賓補---補充說明
句子五大基本句型
1.主謂賓：I picked up 1,000 yuan on the playground
2.主謂：I smiled.
3.主系表: I was surprised.
4.主謂賓賓補: Her words made me happy.
5.主謂雙賓：I gave my headteacher the money.
【例題講解】
（蘇州市2022-2023學年八年級上學期期末）10. The sentence structure of “Eddie is watching Hobo work.” is ________.
S+V+O
S+V+P
S+V+IO+DO
D. S+V+DO+OC
考點6. 過去進行時
【考點詳解】
1.定義
過去進行時表示過去某個時間點或某個時間段正在發(fā)生的事情或進行的動作。
2.結構
was/were +現(xiàn)在分詞
3.基本句式
①肯/否定句:主語+was/were(not) +動詞-ing形式( +其他).
The girl was shopping when 1 saw her.我看見那個女孩的時候，她正在購物。
②-般疑問句: Was/Were +主語+動詞-ing形式( +其他)
-Were you playing basketball then 那個時候你們在打籃球嗎
Yes, we were. , we weren't.是的，我們在打。 /不，我們不在打。
4.用法
①過去進行時表示過去某段時間內(nèi)持續(xù)進行的動作。常用的時間狀語為: this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening等。
We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七點到九點的時候我們在看電視。
②過去進行時可以表示在過去某個時間點發(fā)生的事情。時間點可以用介詞短語或從句等來表示。
When I saw him, he was decorating his room.當我看見他的時候，他正在裝飾他的房間。
③在復合句中，如果主從句的動作都是延續(xù)的或同時發(fā)生的，那么主從句都可用過去進行時。
While he was watching TV, she was reading a newspaper.他在看電視時，她在讀報紙。
【例題講解】
（蘇州市2022-2023學年八年級上學期期末）5. —It was Grandma’s call. Why didn’t you answer it
— Sorry, Dad. I ________ my bicycle in the garden.
A. am repairing B. was repairing C. repair D. repaired
15．（23-24八年級上·江蘇淮安·期末）When he (call) me yesterday, I was walking in the street.
短文選詞/短文填空
【考點詳解】
1. 常考點
一般考查5-10個單詞的詞匯運用能力，分別為動詞（謂語時態(tài)和非謂語）、名詞（單復數(shù)和名詞所有格）、形容詞、副詞（形容詞變副詞；形容詞副詞的原級、比較級和最高級）、數(shù)詞（基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞、次數(shù)倍數(shù)表達）、介詞、連詞、代詞等，有些題目根據(jù)文章給出符合文章的詞性，不需要變形，但是有些題目只給出單詞，需要依據(jù)文意變形，難度加大。
2. 解題步驟
第一步：解讀方框或括號中所給單詞的詞義和詞性；如只有首字母，搜索腦海中近期前四個單元所學的單詞。
第二步：分析句子結構中所缺的成份，縮小填寫的范圍，進一步確定正確的詞性變形；（第二、三步不要調(diào)換）
第三步：通過代入法、翻譯法檢查所填單詞是否符合句意。
【例題講解】
（昆太常張2023-2024學年八年級上學期期末）六、選詞填空（共5小題;每小題1分,滿分5分）
請認真閱讀下面短文,從方框中選擇適當?shù)膯卧~或短語,在答題卷標有題號的橫線上,填入其正確形式。每個單詞或短語僅用一次。
because among join in prevent be
There are many wetlands in China and some et them have become important nature reserves. The Chinese
Yellow Sea Wetlands are 68 them. They are in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province. They are home to many different kinds of birds and animals.
The temperature in the wetlands 69 not too high or too low. There is a lot of rain and sunshine too. The wetlands are really good places for wildlife. We protect wetlands 70 they can provide food and home for some special kinds of animals and birds.
Wetlands are important because they also 71 floods from happening. Luckily more and more people begin to know the importance of wetlands and wildlife. Every year, on February 2nd, we can invite many people 72 many activities to tell people more about wetlands around the world.
（昆太常張2023-2024學年八年級上學期期末）七、短文填空（共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分）
請認真閱讀下面短文,在答題卷標有題號的橫線上,填入適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式,每空只寫一詞。
Teeth are important. Strong, healthy teeth help you grow and speak 73 （clear）. They also help you look best. Here are some 74 （tip） for you to take care of your teeth.
1. Brush your teeth in the right way
Brush your teeth at least 75 （two） a day- after breakfast and before bedtime. If you can, brush after lunch or after sweet snacks, loo. Brush all of 76 （you） teeth, not just the front ones. Spend time 77 （ brush） teeth along the sides and back of your mouth.
Spend at least three minutes each time you brush. Play a song you like to help pass 78 time. Get a new toothbrush every three months. When you buy a toothbrush, be sure it 79 （have） soft bristles （毛）.
2. Learn how to Doss （用牙線潔牙） your teeth Flossing is a very important way to keep your teeth 80 （health）. Food may hide 81 two teeth. Flossing can help lake it out. You’ll need to floss your teeth at least once a day.
3. Have good eating habits
You need to be careful about 82 you eat and drink. Have less sugar or soda（蘇打）, but more fruits and vegetables.
完形填空
【考點詳解】
一、完型填空最常用的四種解題法　
1. 總體把握:要通讀完形填空的短文，跳過空格快速閱讀，了解全篇的主要內(nèi)容。切不可把寶貴的時間浪費在個別字句推敲上。
2. 弄清體裁:文章體裁通常分為四種：論述文、記敘文、說明文和應用文。中考選文以敘事性文章為主，如：幽默故事、科普知識、童話、簡短新聞、名人軼事、社會熱點問題等。讀這類文章，要大體上了解故事所涉及的時間、地點、人物、事件及前因后果。
3. 重視主題句:完形填空所用的短文一般不給標題，但短文的主題句，往往在每段文章的首句，有時也出現(xiàn)在文章的中間或結束處。主題句提供全篇的性質(zhì)、大意等，這是深入了解全文的“窗口”，甚至能以語句為立足點，從該句的時態(tài)、語氣推測全文的主要內(nèi)容。
4. 語境聯(lián)想:利用上下文的提示，用學過的知識和已有的生活經(jīng)驗，掃清部分詞匯理解上的障礙。
二、解題思路
1. 通讀全文，掌握大意。結合選項初步弄清短文寫了些什么內(nèi)容。
2. 瞻前顧后，分析先行。在理解全文意思的基礎上，結合文章內(nèi)容對空缺句子作合乎邏輯的推理。必須弄清空缺詞句的確切含義，空缺詞句與其前后句的意義銜接必須自然、合理，不可出現(xiàn)意義斷層或說東道西的情況，必須從空缺句的內(nèi)部結構入手，從語法、詞語固定搭配、詞形變化等角度考慮，務必使所填的單詞準確無誤。
3. 反復推敲，攻克難關。如果做不出來的話，可能要改變一下思路。如實詞多與文章的內(nèi)容直接相關，虛詞多與文章的連貫性或句子結構直接相關，如果從內(nèi)容上實在看不出要填哪個單詞的話，應考慮是否需要填介詞、連詞等。
4. 驗證答案，修正錯誤，著重注意這幾點：(1)文章是否順暢；(2)所填單詞是否是最佳單詞；(3)所填單詞是否有拼寫錯誤。
三、解題步驟
1.做題前先花30-45秒預覽文章，大致了解文章的體裁(記敘、議論或者……)、文章內(nèi)容、幾個段落、是否有小標題和項目符號(這個往往是該段的主題句)。
2.做題時，首句和小標題重點讀，充分體會文章論證結構，靈活使用技巧(例子與例子的關系，例子與中心句的關系，平行關系等)，注意邏輯對應，指代清晰。
3.完成題后，重讀文章1-2遍，確保單詞在該句語法、語義、語境都合適。
【例題講解】
（蘇州市2023-2024學年八年級上學期期末）完形填空（共10小題; 每小題1分, 滿分10分）
先通讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小題所給的 A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并將選項填涂在答題卡相應的位置上。
Once upon a time, in a small town, there was a little girl named Matilda. She was a brave and ___13___ child who loved to read books and learned new things quickly. It makes her different from other kids of her age.
Matilda’s parents didn’t really ___14___ her or her interests. They were too busy watching TV and eating junk food. They ___15___ read to her or took her to the park to play. Matilda felt ___16___.
One day, Matilda found ___17___ amazing. When she closed her eyes and whispered the words, she could ___18___ things with her mind! She started practising with small things like toys and ___19___. And then, she tried moving bigger ones like chairs and tables. Matilda was excited about her new power (能力).
Matilda learned to practise her newfound power and used it to play tricks on her family. ___20___ time went on, she learned how to use her power for good. She used it to help her classmates with ___21___ homework and treat sick animals. She spoke up for what was right and even stood ___22___ to fight against people who treated the class poorly like Miss Trunchbull. Her classmates were happy about it. They thanked Matilda for being their hero.
13. A. honest B. clever C. generous D. polite
14. A. hear about B. care about C. complain of D. dream of
15. A. always B. often C. sometimes D. never
16. A. happy B. nervous C. lonely D. cheerful
17. A. none B. anything C. nothing D. something
18. A. move B. learn C. see D. eat
19. A. beds B. TVs C. pencils D. bookshelves
20. A. As B. When C. After D. Before
21. A. her B. their C. its D. our
22. A. in B. on C. for D. up
閱讀理解
【考點詳解】
一、直接理解題
這種題目比較簡單，只要通讀全文，了解文中所敘述的重要事實或細節(jié)就可以解答出來，有的甚至可以從文章的原句中直接找到答案。此類題目的出題形式很多，例如：
　　（1）Which of the following statements is true ／ false
　　（2）Which of the following is（not）mentioned
　　（3）How many ／ How much ／ Where ／ How ／ What……
　　（4）What does the writer think about
　　（5）Which is the right order of the events given in thepassage
要快速辨認和記憶事實或細節(jié)，就需要恰當?shù)厥褂貌殚喌姆椒ā２殚喪亲x者在對材料有所了解的情況下進行的，它的特點是帶著問題去尋找答案，往往與略讀綜合使用，具體方法與步驟如下：
（1）略讀材料，了解原文大意，掌握其中心意思或主旨。
（2）按文章的體裁、作者寫作的組織模式及有關信息詞，如for example，first，second……預測應該到何處尋找自己所需要的事實。
（3）將自己的精力放在尋找所需要的細節(jié)上，快速通篇閱讀，眼睛自左至右、自下而上呈Z形掃視，待找到含有相關細節(jié)的句子時，就要放慢速度，仔細核對，比較內(nèi)容，直至找到答案。
二、語義理解題
在閱讀中，我們經(jīng)常會遇到一些生詞，需要根據(jù)上下文猜測它們的意思。此類問題考查學生緊扣原文，根據(jù)上下文語境判斷單詞、詞語或短句意義的能力。常見的題型有：直接對生詞進行解釋；對多義詞或短語在文章具體語言環(huán)境中的意義作出準確判斷；對英語中的一些格言或諺語進行解釋；對文中一些代詞的指代對象作出界定等。這種題型常見的設題方式如下：
（1）The underlined word（phrase）in the passage means______.
（2）The word“it/them”in the first paragraph refers to______.
（3）The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means____.
（4）What does the underlined word“…”refer to______.
（5）By … the writer means______.
在做此類題時，考生應緊扣原文，根據(jù)上下文語境進行判斷，切不要望文生義或斷章取義，也不能只選擇自己熟悉的意思。猜測詞義的常見方法有：
1）根據(jù)構詞法猜測詞義；
（2）根據(jù)上下文猜測詞義；
（3）根據(jù)定義或解釋猜測詞義；
（4）根據(jù)同義詞、反義詞以及對比關系猜測詞義；
（5）根據(jù)生活常識猜測詞義。
三、邏輯推理題
推理判斷試題屬于深層閱讀理解題。它要求考生盡量考慮文中全部信息或事實，在通篇理解文章的基礎上，嚴格按照作者提供的信息推斷出作者的言外之意。這種題型常見的設題方式有：
（1）From the text，it can be inferred that______.
（2）The passage suggests that______.
（3）Which of the following best describes______.
（4）The writer’s attitude towards…is______.
（5）From the text，we learn that______.
這種題目有一定難度，解答時必須根據(jù)上下文及相互間的關系或對整篇文章進行深層理解后，才能找到答案。有時甚至還得聯(lián)系作者的意圖、態(tài)度等文外之意加以推理。解此類題目可從以下幾方面入手：
（1）根據(jù)常識判斷。即解題時，除弄清文意外，還需借助生活常識、風土人情、傳說掌故、名人軼事等進行判斷。
（2）根據(jù)知識判斷。即解題時，運用一些一般性知識，如天文、地理、文學、藝術、科技等自然科學和社會科學知識。
（3）根據(jù)計算判斷。即解題時，運用一些數(shù)學知識進行和差、面積、體積、速度等方面的運算。
（4）根據(jù)情節(jié)判斷。即解題時，從情節(jié)所提供的基本事實出發(fā)，尋找一定規(guī)律，如時間關系、條件關系、因果關系、比較關系、轉折關系等作為推理根據(jù)。這種題目最容易出現(xiàn)，考生要從時間、地點、事件的情節(jié)安排與發(fā)展中，深入探討其邏輯關系及隱喻、引申等因素。
四、歸納總結題
這種題型要求學生在理解全文的基礎上，對文章進行歸納、概括或評價。解這種題目時，不能只憑文中的只言片語而斷章取義，如涉及文章的標題（title）、主題（main idea）、結論（conclusion）、結局（end）等有關問題，都需要在細讀全文的基礎上，結合所學語言知識進行邏輯思維、推理、判斷，從而獲取文章中的內(nèi)在信息。常見的設題方式有：
（1）The general idea of the passage is about______.
2）The main idea of the article is______.
（3）The main purpose of this selection is______.
4）The passage suggests that______.
5）Which of the following best states the theme of thepassage
具體解題時，應注意一些技巧：
（1）首先看短文的開頭和結尾，確定短文題材，預測其內(nèi)容。每段的第一句話往往會提供重要信息，可以幫助我們搜索各段落乃至整篇文章的大意。
（2）速讀全文，整體理解短文大意，抓住關鍵詞語，弄清文章的主旨。
（3）根據(jù)已知短文內(nèi)容，著手解題。可先將文后的選擇題看一下，然后帶著問題再去閱讀。這樣做，一方面有助于對文章進一步理解，另一方面可以有針對性地從文章中尋找答案。
（4）迅速復讀全文，檢查自己的理解是否正確，所選答案是否前后矛盾。通過全面考慮，最后確定答案。
【例題講解】
（昆太常張2023-2024學年八年級上學期期末）閱讀理解
請認真閱讀下列短文, 從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中, 選出最佳選項。
A
NOTICE Would you like to be in the school play This year’s school art festival is coming. We will put on two plays on New Year’s Day. Teahouse is one of the most famous plays. Alice’s Adventure in Wonderland is a very popular story. We need some actors and actresses. ◇Who can try out (參加選拔): All students in Grade Eight. ◇When to try out: 15: 30～17: 30, Dec. 9 ◇Where to try out: In the main hall. ◇What to bring: Nothing. We will prepare clothes, props (道具) and lines (臺詞). ◇How many students needed: Teahouse: 8 boys and 2 girls Alice’s Adventure in Wonderland: 5 boys and 3 girls Attention: A student can only play one role (角色). If you’d like to have a try, please call Mr. Chen at 13953447788 before 17: 30 on December 8th.
11. If Daniel is getting ready for trying out for a role, what should he do on December 9
A. Invite an actor. B. Bring his costumes.
C. Call Mr. Chen. D. Go to the main hall.
12. How many students will the two school plays need
A. 18. B. 16. C. 15. D. 10.
13. What’s the purpose (目的) of this notice
A. To celebrate the school art festival.
B. To tell the students about two famous plays.
C. To invite students to try out for the play roles.
D. To ask the students to read some interesting stories.
14. Where can you most probably read the passage
A. In a local newspaper. B. On a local TV station.
C. In an art magazine. D. On a school website.
B
Little Johnny was happy today. He was going to the market to buy things he liked with his father on New Year’s Eve.
In a shop at the market, Johnny, found many birds in a cage. They were hitting their beaks (喙) on the cage, trying to get out. Many of them were even hurt.
Johnny felt pity for those birds, so he asked the shopkeeper, “Why do you keep these birds in a cage It is not fair (公平) to take away their freedom.” The shopkeeper answered, “I don’t enjoy this at all, but I need money to support my family.”
Johnny turned to his father for help. “What about all those things you plan to buy ” asked hi father. Johnny thought for a while and told his father that the freedom of those birds was more important than any celebration.
“I can enjoy New Year’s Eve without gifts. I just hope these birds will have a better time in the sky,” Johnny said. His father smiled and gave the money to the shopkeeper. “You can set these birds free now.”
The shopkeeper handed over the cage to Johnny. The boy opened the cage door and took all the birds out.
“Now they will also enjoy New Year with their families and friends. I am thankful for this. This is the best New Year’s gift of all,” said Johnny.
15. Johnny went to the market to ________.
A. buy some gifts B. work in the shop
C. have a celebration D. visit the shopkeeper
16. Why did the birds hit their beaks on the cage
A. Because they were hungry. B. Because they wanted to be free.
C. Because they were dancing in the cage. D. Because they were having a celebration.
17. What is little Johnny like
A. Calm. B. Quiet. C. Careful. D. Kind.
18. What is the best title for the passage
A. The Best Gift
B. A Good Boy
C. The Caged Birds
D. A Bad shopkeeper
C
Do you find that you learn things faster than your parents You could be right!
Scientists in the USA have found that school-aged children learn new things and skills faster than grown-ups. This has something to do with a chemical (化學物質(zhì)) called GABA in our brains (大腦). It makes brain noise less so that we can learn things more easily. It also makes new information stay longer in our heads.
The scientists studied the brains of children (8—11 years old) and adults (18—35 years old) before, during and after doing a learning task. The finding shows that when children learn new things, the amount (數(shù)量) of GABA increases (增加) quickly. But there’s little change in adults’ brains. This tells us why children are better learners than adults.
The scientists said the finding is useful. It tells teachers and parents to let children learn anything in their childhood, from riding a bike to playing an instrument (樂器). It could also help adults learn faster by increasing the amount of GABA in their brains.
19. Why do children learn faster than adults
A. Because children’s brains have more GABA than adults’.
B. Because teachers and parents help children learn faster.
C. Because GABA in children’s brains increases while learning.
D. Because there’s no change in adults’brains when they learn.
20. Which of the following about GABA is right
A. It helps children learn things in their childhood.
B. It makes information stay shorter in adults’ brains.
C. It makes brain noise to make learning more easily.
D. It is useless to help adults learn new things and skills.
21. What is the article mainly about
A. Why children learn faster than adults. B. What scientists are studying.
C. How scientists help children learn. D. What the chemical GABA is.
22. What can we learn from the passage
A. Practice makes perfect. B. Start learning as early as you can.
C. You are never too old to learn. D. Great hopes make a great man.
D
In a primary (小學) classroom in Kenya’s Rift Valley, a student is taking notes. She wears the same school uniform. However, there is one difference. Priscilla Sitienei is more than 80 years older than the other students.
Sitienei turned 99 years old on February 11, 2022. Back in 2003, the government of the East African (非洲的) country began helping to pay the cost of primary schooling. This has made it possible for some older members to go back to school. They missed out on schooling in their younger days because they were too poor.
Sitienei has become a star on the Internet. She said her dreams were far more practical (實際的) than becoming an Internet star. She wants to take up a new job. “I would like to become a doctor because I used to be a midwife (助產(chǎn)士), “she said.
She had the idea of being a student when her great-granddaughter dropped out of school. She said she went back to class to set a good example for her great-grandchildren. But her great-granddaughter didn’t go back to school, Sitienei decided to go to school herself.
“Everyone in the classroom is young. They gave me strange looks at first, “said Sitienei. But she didn’t care. She said she enjoyed school activities, including P. E. classes. “They help me stay healthy, “she said. “I get to jump around, even though not as much as they do, but I at least move my body. That makes me happy.”
23. What makes Priscilla Sitienei special in her class
A. Her grades. B. Her age. C. Her illness. D. Her clothes.
24. Why did Sitienei go back to school
A. To become more famous.
B. To stop getting old and weak.
C. To help teachers take good care of the students.
D. To be an example for one of her family members.
25. How did the students feel when they saw Sitienei in their classroom for the first time
A. Worried. B. Excited. C. Surprised. D. Proud.
26. What does the underlined part “missed out” mean in Paragraph 2
A. 追憶 B. 享受 C. 錯過 D. 加強
27. What can we infer (推斷) from the passage
A. Sitienei is may the only senior student in her class.
B. Returning to school has given Sitienei everything.
C. Anyone can be famous like Sitienei if they work hard.
D. Few older students like Sitienei go to school in Kenya.
信息還原
【考點詳解】
一、考情分析
信息還原又稱七選五題，該題型分值為 5分，每空1分。短文型七選五，設空位置一般為三種：段首、段尾和段中，段中略多。
題型主要考查：
學生能理解故事情節(jié)和事件發(fā)展順序。
學生能理解段落中各句子之間的邏輯關系。主要有：并列、轉折、因果關系及其他關系(包括單詞重復、代詞指代、排比句式等)。
二、答題步驟
1. 通覽全文、領會大意、揣摩話題。
解題時應先跳過空格通覽全文，了解對話大意，根據(jù)對大意的把握，判定語境，揣摩話題。
2. 根據(jù)語境或句子，在把握話題和語境的基礎上，針對對話的每一空白處，細讀所提供的前后文，認真分析它們之間的異同，依據(jù)對話有關情景內(nèi)容，填寫相應的選項。
3. 通盤考慮、前后聯(lián)想、先易后難。
要從整體理解對話出發(fā)，依照上、下文的邏輯順序來考慮所選擇的答案，不可不顧前后順序，孤立地就上句補下句，這樣可能出現(xiàn)所補句子符合上文而不符合下文的情況。要先解決有把握的、容易的，再回頭補選較難的。
4. 通讀對話、義形結合、驗證答案。
將對話補全之后，再將整段對話通讀一遍，逐一驗證答案。所填的答案不僅語義上要符合語境，而且要保證語言正確，做到說話得體。
三、解題策略
1）從意思上判斷
在做題時最重要的是要讀懂空白前后的句子，明白這幾句話的確切意思，然后根據(jù)意思的連貫性或邏輯性從選項中選取正確答案。在讀懂意思的基礎上，再利用線索特征詞等進一步確認答案。
2）從詞匯上鎖定線索
做題時很重要的一點是保持對一些線索詞的敏感，最主要的線索特征詞是空白前后的名詞和動詞，尋找答案時注意在選項中查找同義詞、近義詞、反義詞或表示同一類事物的詞語等。其次是代詞、數(shù)詞、表示時間/年代的詞、地點/名稱等專有名詞等。尤其是在讀不懂句子的情況下，利用這樣的線索詞尋找答案是很有效的方法。
3）從關聯(lián)詞上查找
由于英語的句段之間經(jīng)常會運用關聯(lián)詞表示銜接和過渡，使文章邏輯更清楚和連貫，因此文章中和選項中表示各種邏輯關系的路標性信號詞在選擇答案時都是很重要的線索。 在做題時可將這三個層面的線索很好地結合起來。例如，在看到表示并列或遞進關系的關聯(lián)詞時，一般表示前后句子的名詞或句意具 有同指性；而表示轉折讓步關系的詞則往往表示前后句子的名詞同指，但句意對立，或褒貶對立或肯否對立；而表示例證關系的詞則意味著在舉例之前或之后有表述概念或某一觀點的句子，往往會有復數(shù)名詞出現(xiàn)。
根據(jù)試題所在的不同位置確定不同的解題策略
如果問題在段首
通常是段落主題句。認真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關的詞，推斷出主題句。
與后文是并列、轉折、因果關系等。著重閱讀后文第一兩句，鎖定線索信號詞，然后在選項中查找相關特征詞。通常正確答案的最后一句與空白后的第一句在意思上是緊密銜接的，因此這兩句間會有某種的銜接手段。
(c)段落間的過渡句。這時要前瞻后望找啟示，即閱讀上一段結尾部分，通常正確答案與上一段結尾有機地銜接起來，并結合下一段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來。
2)如果問題在段尾
(a)空白前的一句或兩句是重點語句，重點閱讀以鎖定關鍵詞。
(b)通常是結論、概括性語句。注意在選項中查找表示結果、結論、總結等的信號詞，如therefore, as a result, in a word等詞語，選項中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。
(c)與前文是轉折或對比關系。此時要注意在選項中查找表示轉折、對比的關聯(lián)詞，同時注意選項中所講內(nèi)容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對立、對比關系。
(d)與前文是并列或排比關系。在這種情況下，通常是該段落要求補全說明本段主題的其他細節(jié)，因此根據(jù)段落一致性原則，在原文和選項中找到相關的特征詞，通常在選項中會出現(xiàn)表示并列/遞進關系的關聯(lián)詞或與前文類似的句式結構，或出現(xiàn)同義詞等其他信號線索。前面的一句與正確答案的第一句是緊密相連的。要特別注意閱讀這樣相連的兩句，通常會找到關鍵的線索詞句。
(e)所選答案是引出下一段的內(nèi)容。如果在選項中找不出與前文之間的關聯(lián)，此時可考慮與下一段開頭是否有一定的銜接。認真閱讀下一段開頭幾句，看是否與選項的最后一句緊密連接起來。
(f)如果第一段的段尾是空白，要認真閱讀，看此處是細節(jié)還是主題。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主題，如果在段尾提出主題，會用一些信號詞如轉折詞引出來，正確答案中應有這樣的特征詞。
【例題講解】
（蘇州市2023-2024學年八年級上學期期末）信息還原（共5小題; 每小題1分, 滿分5分）
根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，從對話后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并將選項填涂在答題卡相應的位置上。選項中有一項為多余選項。
Several months ago, I noticed a new guitar in my friend Kevin’s room. He never showed any interest in music before. When I asked him about it, he said that he dreamt to try difficult and different things before turning eighteen. ___33___ To realize this dream, Kevin started practicing hard and spent two hours a day on the guitar. Finally, the show was such a success (成功) and Kevin felt full of joy after it.
After Kevin’s success, I was inspired (啟發(fā)) to go for my dream of writing. I wasn’t sure how to start, but I remembered what my teacher said about writing skills. ___34___ Once I had a few ideas, I listed some key words on it. This helped me put my thoughts together and made it easier to start writing. I then wrote the first draft (草稿). There might be many mistakes in it. But I told myself not to give up. ___35___ They often provided great new ideas. Finally, I sent my article to the school magazine. I felt nervous and excited at the same time. A few days later, I received an email from school saying they decided to choose my article and it would come out soon. I was over the moon!
___36___ It was a great feeling to know that others would read my article and hopefully be inspired just like Kevin inspired me.
Never give up on your dreams and keep working towards them, just like Kevin did. ___37___ But remember, nothing is impossible in the world if you set your mind to do it.
A. It may take some practice and patience.
B. Finishing the first draft is a really good start.
C. Seeing my name in the magazine made me feel so happy.
D. So I sat down with a notebook and started to write.
E. And one of these things was to play the guitar in front of others.
F. Then I asked my teacher and friends to read it and give some advice.
閱讀表達
【考點詳解】
基本步驟
1. 先看問題，再讀文章：把握主題，確定方向，摘取有用的材料，舍棄無關的信息，高效省時。
2. 細讀全文，認真推敲：細心閱讀與試題有的詞匯、句子或段落，要特別留心一些信息詞。
3. 復讀全文，驗證答案：在找到答案后，應將答案帶入問題中，檢查有無矛盾，若前后不一致或意思矛盾，則要考慮重選答案。
注意事項
1. 答題有據(jù)，避免主觀。
2. 符合原文的答案 ＝ 正確答案 ≠ 最佳答案
3. 解題有法，但無定法，貴在得法。要答好閱讀理解題，必須多讀、巧讀和善于思考。要不斷擴大詞匯量，拓寬閱讀面，提高閱讀速度，同時也要探索和總結適合自己方法或，實踐出真知，多練出效益。
解題方法
1. 順序原則，注意使用。
在確定前一道題的答案以后，在文中標注出來。做下一題的時候，繼續(xù)往下找，能有效控制答題時間，并提高正確率。
2. 答題之前，圈關鍵詞（Key Words）。
A. 大寫、數(shù)字、引號優(yōu)先原則
B. 5Wh 疑問詞必須圈劃（who, what, when, why, where, how）
例如：
1. Jake lost one of his skis after he fell over when skiing, didn’t he
2. When did his parents realized that Jake was missing
3. What did Jake do to protect himself from the cold temperatures
4. How did Jake get down the mountain the next morning
5. How long did it take Jake return to safety after he lost his ski
6. What do you think of Jake Give at least one reason.
3. 注意時態(tài)一致，代詞一致。
例如：（1）Jake lost one of his skis after he fell over when skiing, didn’t he （回答用一般過去時，代詞用he）
When did his parents realized that Jake was missing （回答用一般過去時，代詞用they）
What do you think of Jake Give at least one reason.（回答用一般過去時，省略I think，代詞用he）
（2）Did...mean 回答：It meant ...
4. Why 提問，回答格式2種：
A.. Because + 句子 B. ...... + to do...... (這里to do 表目的)
例如：
Why did Redmayne say that this Oscar belonged to all of those people around the world battling ALS
回答：Because he acted as Stephen Hawking in the film and Hawking was diagnosed with ALS.
Where和When 提問，介詞in / on / at 等不能遺漏。
例1：
1. Where will the orphan bears be sent when they are old enough
回答：They will be taken to a nature reserve in Bryansk.
很多人只交代了“in Bryansk”，沒有提到自然保護區(qū)。所以在回答的時要確保答句盡可能的完整。
例2：
When did his parents realized that Jake was missing
回答：When they got to the foot of the mountain.
注意：詢問時間和地點，答案有時候可能是時間/地點狀語從句。
6. How 提問，用By doing…來回答
例：
How did Jake get down the mountain the next morning
回答：By following some ski tracks.
也可以使用完整句式回答：He followed some ski tracks. / He found some ski tracks and followed those.
7. 反義和選擇疑問句策略：圈劃關鍵定位詞
A.反義疑問句：
★如知道：Yes, they do. ★如不知：No, they don’t. 只有這兩種回答方式！！！
例：
Jake lost one of his skis after he fell over when skiing, didn’t he
回答：Yes, he did.
如果變換一下題目，改為：Jake didn’t lose one of his skis after he fell over when skiing, did he
答案依舊是：Yes, he did.
B.選擇疑問句：
例：
Does a good detective need much knowledge or a good assistant
四種回答方式：I A good detective needs
Both / neither / much knowledge /a good assistant.
8. 開放問題，積極向上
規(guī)律：一般而言直接找一個積極向上的形容詞回答，避免用good。
A.. What do you think of...
回答格式：I think (that) it is / they are+ adj.
可以是helpful, useful, wonderful, amazing, fantastic 等一些正方向評價詞
注意：有時也有負方向評價詞：比如：你對于sandstorm 的看法？
可以是I think it is serious / terrible / awful / dangerous.
B. What can you learn from Paul’s story
回答格式：I can learn from Paul’s story that +句子
C. 兩個問題務必分兩句回答
例：Do you think the problem of climate change is serious What should you do
回答格式：Yes, I do. I should plant more trees.
C. 給文章取名字
例：What might be the title of this passage (In no more than TEN words)
回答：Internet Addiction. / Learn to control Internet use.
【例題講解】
（蘇州市2023-2024學年八年級上學期期末）閱讀表達（共3題;70小題1分、71小題2分、72小題3分,滿分6分）
閱讀下面短文,用英語回答問題,并將答案寫在答題卡標有題號的橫線上。
On October 10, 2022, the Xpeng X2, took its first public flight test in
Dubai. It just took 90 seconds, and 150 people watched it. The X2, a small
car with two seats, looks like a raindrop and runs on electricity （電）. It
can't drive in the street but can fly by itself and go up to 80 miles per hour.
It can also take off and land straight up and down, which is pretty cool!
After the X2, the car company introduced another flying car called the Xpeng X3. This one looks like a sports car with wings. When the X3 is in the street, it drives like a car we see every day. But when you want it to fly, you can also turn it into a flying car. Then, it takes off straight up.
Once it’s in the air, you can fly it like Xpeng X2.
Xpeng isn't the only company getting into the flying car game. There are over 500 companies working on making the dream of flying cars come true, and about 24 different models are being tried out. This means that flying cars could become a part of our future, changing the way we travel and see the world. Do you imagine flying into the sky in your own personal flying car That might not be too far away!
70. When did Xpeng X2 fly for the first time
_______________________________________________________________________________
71. What makes Xpeng X3 different from Xpeng X2
_______________________________________________________________________________
72. What do you hope your future car can do (no less than 15 words 不少于15詞)
_______________________________________________________________________________
書面表達
【考點詳解】
解題注意點：
1.審題:文體，時態(tài)，人稱。
2.抓住要點:要點是否齊全，適當補充。
3.擴充句子:通過增加狀語，定語，連詞，使句子意思飽滿充實。
4.連句成文，合理使用連詞。
5.改正錯誤:拼寫是否錯誤，語法時態(tài)是否正確，連詞是否恰當?shù)?br/>6.眷寫作文:注意書寫工整美觀整潔
【例題講解】
（蘇州市2023-2024學年八年級上學期期末）書面表達（共1題; 滿分15分）
53. 蘇州太湖國家濕地公園正在舉辦“奇妙動物在哪里”游園活動。假設你是李華，請根據(jù)活動海報內(nèi)容，寫信給你的朋友Peter，向他介紹該項活動，并邀請他來參加。
注意：1. 所寫內(nèi)容必須包括活動海報要點，并作適當發(fā)揮；
2. 詞數(shù)90左右。開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)；
3. 文中不得提及真實的人名、校名等相關信息。
Dear Peter,
I’m excited to tell you that there is an activity called “Wonderful Animals &Where to Find Them” at Suzhou Taihu Lake National Wetland Park.
____________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
參考答案
詞匯復習運用
考點1. 名詞
1．wives’ 2．snstructions 3．seasons 4．government 5．importance
6．(m)emory 7．(b)eginning 8．earthquake 9．laws 10．journey
11．Physics 12．example 13．future
考點2. 動詞
1．blowing 2．washes 3．a(chǎn)ccepted 4．a(chǎn)dvises 5．coughed
6．discuss 7．provide 8．dropping 9．pulled 10．describe
考點3. 形容詞副詞
silently 2．natural 3．a(chǎn)wful 4．taller 5．Useful
6．colourful 7．trapped 8．(f)oggy 9．a(chǎn)wful 10．mainly
11．honest1 2．sudden 13．exactly 14．smiling
考點4. 其他
1．himself 2．thirties 3．myself 4.A 5. A 6.C
語法復習
考點1. DB 考點2. AC 考點3. CB 考點4. A；to go 考點5. D 考點6. B；called
短文選詞/短文填空
68. among 69. is 70. because 71. prevent 72. to join in
73. clearly 74. tips 75. twice 76. your 77. brushing
78. the 79. has 80. healthy 81. between 82. what
完形填空
13. B 14. B 15. D 16. C 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. A 21. B 22. D
閱讀理解
11. D 12. A 13. C 14. D
15. A 16. B 17. D 18. A
19. C 20. A 21. A 22. B
23. B 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. A
信息還原
EDFCA
閱讀表達
70. On October 10, 2022.
71. Xpeng X3 looks like a sports car with wings and can drive in the street.
72. It can turn into a time machine and take me to see the world in the future./It is a moving house car and can take my whole family on a trip any time.
【解析】
【導語】本文主要介紹了兩款可以飛的汽車：Xpeng X2和Xpeng X3。
【70題詳解】
根據(jù)第一段“On October 10, 2022, the Xpeng X2, took its first public flight test in Dubai.”可知，Xpeng X2于2022年10月10日進行了首次飛行，故填On October 10, 2022.
【71題詳解】
根據(jù)第二段“This one looks like a sports car with wings. When the X3 is in the street, it drives like a car we see every day.”可知，Xpeng X3和Xpeng X2的差別在于Xpeng X3看起來像一輛帶翅膀的跑車，并且可以在街上行駛。故填Xpeng X3 looks like a sports car with wings and can drive in the street.
【72題詳解】
開放性作答，言之成理即可，答案不得少于15詞，參考答案為It can turn into a time machine and take me to see the world in the future./It is a moving house car and can take my whole family on a trip any time.
書面表達
Possible version:
Dear Peter,
I’m excited to tell you that there is an activity called “Wonderful Animals & Where to Find Them” at Suzhou Taihu Lake National Wetland Park.
It is for children under 13 to enjoy themselves every weekend. You can take part in some activities like birdwatching, fishing and going on boat rides. If you arrive before 2 p.m., you can have fun playing games to get gifts. The gift time will end at 4 p.m.
The park provides a perfect place for tourists to feel the beautiful sights. You can get to see different kinds of rare flowers, water-plants and fishes in the “water forest” and even meet animals like pandas.
Would you like to come
Yours,
Li Hua
【詳解】［總體分析］
①題材：本文是一篇書信作文；
②時態(tài)：時態(tài)力“一般現(xiàn)在時”和“一般將來時”；
③提示：寫作要點已給出，考生應注意不要遺漏，適當增加細節(jié)完整表述內(nèi)容。
［寫作步驟］
第一步，開頭已給出，介紹活動時間和兒童年齡等規(guī)定；
第二步，介紹公園活動和景色，并邀請對方到來。
［亮點詞匯］
①take part in 參加
②have fun doing sth. 做某事很開心
③different kinds of 不同種類的
［高分句型］
If you arrive before 2 p.m.， you can have fun playing games to get gifts.（if引導條件狀語從句）

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