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Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth! 期末復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)講義(含解析)2024-2025學(xué)年人教版英語(yǔ)九年級(jí)全冊(cè)

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Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth! 期末復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)講義(含解析)2024-2025學(xué)年人教版英語(yǔ)九年級(jí)全冊(cè)

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Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth!期末復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)講義
一、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)整合
語(yǔ)言能力 能夠運(yùn)用目標(biāo)句型進(jìn)行交際,掌握現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)等,并用正確的時(shí)態(tài)的句子描述環(huán)境污染和環(huán)境保護(hù)。
學(xué)習(xí)能力 能整理、歸納所學(xué)內(nèi)容,把握重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn);能主動(dòng)反思自己英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中的進(jìn)步與不足。
文化意識(shí) 通過談?wù)撐廴尽h(huán)境保護(hù)和循環(huán)再利用,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生愛護(hù)環(huán)境和保護(hù)動(dòng)物的意識(shí),理解不同國(guó)家對(duì)環(huán)保工作做出的不同努力和貢獻(xiàn)。
思維品質(zhì) 能從不同角度解讀語(yǔ)篇,推斷語(yǔ)篇的深層含義,作出正確的價(jià)值判斷。
二、思維導(dǎo)圖回顧知識(shí)
三、重難知識(shí)易混易錯(cuò)
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
含義:
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示即刻或現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行著的某一動(dòng)作,多與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) now;at the moment,at present 等連用。
What are you doing now
你現(xiàn)在在做什么
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)跨在兩個(gè)時(shí)間之上,一是過去,是現(xiàn)在。它的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去,但對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響。與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)往往有already,yet,ever,never,for,since…,these days,so far,just,recently,in the past(last) few years 等。
句式結(jié)構(gòu):
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):
肯定句式:主語(yǔ)十助動(dòng)詞 be (am, is, are)+現(xiàn)在分詞
否定句式:主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞 be(am, is, are)+not+現(xiàn)在分詞
疑問句式:助動(dòng)詞 Be(Am, Is, Are)+主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞
The students are listening to their teacher now.學(xué)生們正在聽老師講課。
The students aren't listening to their teacher now.
Are the students listening to their teacher now
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):
肯定句式:主語(yǔ)十助動(dòng)詞 have (has) +過去分詞
否定句式:主語(yǔ)十助動(dòng)詞 have (has) +not+過去分詞
疑問句式:助動(dòng)詞 Have (Has) +主語(yǔ)+過去分詞
I have already finished my homework.我已經(jīng)完成作業(yè)了。
I haven't finished my homework yet.
Have you finished your homework yet
用法:
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):
①表示說話時(shí)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,往往與 now 連用,有時(shí)用在祈使句之后。
What are you doing now
你現(xiàn)在在做什么?
②表示現(xiàn)階段動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,但不一定是說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行,往往和 at present,this week,these days等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。
What lessons are you learning this week
你們這個(gè)星期學(xué)哪些課了?
③當(dāng)句中含有Look!或Listen! Can you see...,Can't you see...等暗示詞時(shí),后邊句子也用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。
Listen! Who is crying in the next room
聽!誰在隔壁房間哭呢?
Can't you see it is raining outside
你沒看見外面正下雨嗎
④動(dòng)詞 go,come,leave,start,arrive 等可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
How many of you are coming to the party next week
你們有多少人下周來參加聚會(huì)
She is leaving for Qinghai this weekend.
這個(gè)周末她將動(dòng)身去青海。
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):
①表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響。
Zhang Fang has just turned off the light.
張芳剛剛把燈關(guān)上。(說明燈現(xiàn)在關(guān)上了)
②表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,而且還將繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),往往與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。
My father has worked in this factory for many years.
我父親在這家工廠工作很多年了。(工作到現(xiàn)在)
③表示從過去到現(xiàn)在所經(jīng)歷的事情。
I've been to the Great Wall many times.
我去過長(zhǎng)城好多次
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(一般時(shí)態(tài))
構(gòu)成:被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是由“助動(dòng)詞 be 的適當(dāng)時(shí)態(tài)形式+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成,這里的 be 有時(shí)態(tài)的變化。
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞 be(am,is,are)+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞
一般過去時(shí):主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞 be(was,were)+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞
一般將來時(shí):主語(yǔ)十助動(dòng)詞 will(am/is/are going to) be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞
這里應(yīng)該注意的是:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的助動(dòng)詞 be 既表示時(shí)態(tài),又表示語(yǔ)態(tài);而其他時(shí)態(tài)中既有時(shí)態(tài)助動(dòng)詞,也有語(yǔ)態(tài)助動(dòng)詞。我們?cè)谶M(jìn)行句式轉(zhuǎn)化時(shí)應(yīng)該變化時(shí)態(tài)助動(dòng)詞。
類型:
①由及物動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)的句子的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),這時(shí)可以直接將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)即可。
我媽媽昨天晚上做了一個(gè)蛋糕。
My mother made a cake last night.
A cake was made by my mother last night.
某些動(dòng)詞后面可以加雙賓語(yǔ),一個(gè)是表示人的間接賓語(yǔ),另一個(gè)是表示物的直接賓語(yǔ)。這時(shí)在改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),可以將間接賓語(yǔ)改為主語(yǔ);也可將直接賓語(yǔ)改為主語(yǔ),不過這時(shí)應(yīng)該在間接賓語(yǔ)前加上介詞 to或 for。
艾瑪給了我一塊橡皮。
Emma gave me an eraser.
I was given an eraser by Emma.
An eraser was given tome by Emma
②由不及物動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
由于不及物動(dòng)詞不能直接帶賓語(yǔ),所以只有在不及物動(dòng)詞后面加上介詞或副詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)之后,才能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中。在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),不可丟掉動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的介詞或副詞。
她從地上撿起一個(gè)錢包。
She picked up a wallet from the floor.
A wallet was picked up from the floor by her.
主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義
①形容詞 worth 后面加上動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。
②在need,want,require等動(dòng)詞后往往用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。
③在 to...to...結(jié)構(gòu)中,不定式的主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。
④形容詞easy, difficult, hard, cheap , expensive, fit, nice, dangerous , exciting, funny,heavy,important,good,interesting 等后面接不定式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)往往用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。
⑤動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí),如果它的邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),則可以用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。
⑥不及物動(dòng)詞wash,sell,write,read,close,open,wear,catch 等往往用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義,說明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)或特征。
辨析:instead of與 instead
instead of介詞短語(yǔ),后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing 形式等作賓語(yǔ),否定of后的內(nèi)容
They will go on a vacation by plane instead of by train.
他們將乘飛機(jī)去度假,而不是坐火車。
instead副詞,意為“代替;相反”,常位于句首或句末作狀語(yǔ),肯定instead所在句的內(nèi)容
He didn't play basketball yesterday. He went swimming instead
他昨天沒打籃球,而是去游泳了。
辨析:endangered,danger,dangerous 與 in danger
endangered:形容詞;“瀕危的;瀕臨滅絕的”
Scientists think that the animal is endangered by pollution.
科學(xué)家認(rèn)為污染導(dǎo)致這種動(dòng)物瀕臨滅絕
danger:不可數(shù)名詞;“危險(xiǎn),威脅”;后接of (doing) sth.
Is there any danger of fire
有發(fā)生火災(zāi)的危險(xiǎn)嗎
dangerous:形容詞;“危險(xiǎn)的”
It's dangerous for children to swim in the river
對(duì)孩子們來說在河里游泳是危險(xiǎn)的。
in danger:介詞短語(yǔ);“在危險(xiǎn)中”
Her life is in danger.
她有生命危險(xiǎn)
【例題】
1.Xiaogan is well known _____ the culture of "Xiao".
A.in B.for C.as D.on
2.Yueda Group has found a way to _____ the waste and doesn't put it into the river any more.
A.produce B.recycle C.require D.protect
3.More and more people have realized that we shouldn't _____ the ancient buildings in cities.
A.get off B.put off C.cut down D.pull down
4.—Many people play with mobile phones all day instead of reading books.
—That's too bad. Everyone ______ be a book lover. Reading is more enjoyable.
A.may B.must C.would D.should
5.—Look, what an amazing Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge!
—Yeah. It ______ in 2018.
A.completed B.was completed C.is completed D.has completed
6.Shopping used to ______ going to shops, but nowadays, you can do it online at home.
A.means B.meant C.mean D.meaning
7.Please be quiet. The students ________ a listening test.
A. having B. are having C. had D. have
8.—Look at the backpack! It looks like Amy’s backpack! She must be in the library, too!
—It _________ be Amy’s. Amy is at home today because she is ill.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. wouldn’t
9.—Can you help me make a shopping list
—________. I’ll do it right now.
A. No way B. With pleasure
C. Good luck D. It’s no big deal
10.—Excuse me, can I have a word with Doctor Smith
—I’m sorry, Doctor Smith _______ on a patient at the moment.
A. is operating B. operated C. has operated D. will operate
四、單元核心素養(yǎng)對(duì)接中考
1.【2024屆·江蘇宿遷·二模】—When hot weather arrives during summer, the sun shines brightly in Siyang. So you’d better take ________ umbrella when you go out.
—OK. It’s________ useful advice. Thank you.
A.a; an B.a; the C.an; / D.an; a
2.【2024屆·江蘇宿遷·二模】—Jim, Mother’s Day is coming. What present will you give your mother
—I haven’t decided yet. I ________ make her a birthday cake by myself.
A.must B.would C.should D.may
3.【2024屆·江蘇宿遷·二模】Our teachers always warn us ________ ball games on the road to avoid ________ ourselves. A.to not play; hurting
B.not to play; to hurt
C.not to play; hurting
D.not play; to hurt
4.【2024屆·江蘇宿遷·二模】—Congratulations, boys and girls! You all ________ great progress in the past three years.
—Dear teachers! We will never forget you and your help.
A.make B.made C.will make D.have made
5.【2024屆·江蘇宿遷·二模】—Many people are used to parking their e-bikes inside the building.
—That’s very dangerous. The government has ________ some policies(政策) to stop this.
A.worked out B.carried out C.broken out D.taken out
6.【2024屆·江蘇宿遷·二模】It’s reported that the world’s first space hotel, Voyager Space Station, ________ in 2026. The golden age of space travel is just around the corner.
A.builds
B.built
C.was built
D.will be built
7.【2024屆·江西萍鄉(xiāng)·二模】Kate _________ a lot about Chinese paper cutting since she came to China.
A.learns B.learned C.has learned D.will learn
8.【2024屆·江西萍鄉(xiāng)·二模】—Paul plays the violin really wonderfully!
—Of course. He is ________ than any other student in his class.
A.talented B.more talented
C.the more talented D.the most talented
9.【2024屆·江西萍鄉(xiāng)·二模】—What a comfortable plane it is!
—It’s C919. It ________ in China.
A.will make B.makes C.is making D.is made
10.【2024屆·江西萍鄉(xiāng)·二模】Justin can’t help me to move the piano because he ________ English online.
A.is studying B.studied C.will study D.studies
答案以及解析
【例題】
1.答案:B
解析:句意:孝感以“孝”文化而著稱。be well known for...表示“以……而著稱”。
2.答案:B
解析:produce"生產(chǎn)";recycle"回收利用";require"要求";protect"保護(hù)"。此處是說,悅達(dá)集團(tuán)找到了回收利用廢料的方法,故選B。
3.答案:D
解析:句意:越來越多的人已經(jīng)意識(shí)到我們不應(yīng)該拆毀城市里的古老建筑。get off"下車";put off"推遲";cut down"砍掉";pull down"拆毀"。
4.答案:D
解析:題干中提到了"許多人整天玩手機(jī)而不看書",結(jié)合答語(yǔ)中的"讀書更有樂趣"可推斷,此處是說每個(gè)人都"應(yīng)該"成為喜歡讀書的人,故所缺的詞是should。
5.答案:B
解析:—看,港珠澳大橋多壯觀呀!—是呀。它完成于2018年。橋是被完成的,且根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in 2018可知,動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去,故用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
6.答案:C
解析:句意:過去購(gòu)物意味著去商店,但是現(xiàn)在你能夠在家上網(wǎng)購(gòu)物。used to do sth.表示"過去常常做某事"。
7.答案:B
解析:考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“Please be quiet.”可知,“聽力測(cè)試”這件事情正在發(fā)生,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞)。故選B.
8.答案:B
解析:考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞否定形式辨析。mustn't禁止;can't不可能;needn't不必;wouldn't將不會(huì)。根據(jù)“Amy is at home today because she is ill.”可知圖書館里的書包不可能是艾米的。表示否定推測(cè)用can't,故選B.
9.答案:B
解析:考查情景交際。No way不行;With pleasure 非常樂意;Good luck好運(yùn);It's no big deal沒什么大不了的。根據(jù)“I'll do it right now.”可知,此處是說“我很愿意幫忙”,故選B.
10.答案:A
解析:考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。根據(jù)“at the moment.”推斷,此處表達(dá)“史密斯醫(yī)生正在給病人做手術(shù)”,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選A。
四、單元核心素養(yǎng)對(duì)接中考
1.答案: C
解析: 句意:—夏天,當(dāng)炎熱的天氣來臨時(shí),泗陽(yáng)陽(yáng)光燦爛。所以你出去的時(shí)候最好帶把傘。—好的,這是有用的建議。非常感謝。考查冠詞。不定冠詞a和an用于可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式前,泛指"一個(gè)"。a用于輔音音素開頭的單詞前;an用于元音音素開頭的單詞前。umbrella是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式,且發(fā)音以元音音素開頭,故用an;advice是不可數(shù)名詞,故不能用不定冠詞。故選C。
2.答案: D
解析: 句意:—吉姆,母親節(jié)快到了。你會(huì)給你媽媽什么禮物 —我還沒有決定。我可能自己給她做一個(gè)生日蛋糕。考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。must必須;would將;should應(yīng)該;may可能。根據(jù)"I haven’t decided yet."可知,還沒決定給媽媽什么禮物,可能做一個(gè)生日蛋糕。此處表示猜測(cè)用may。故選D。
3.答案: C
解析: 句意:我們的老師總是警告我們不要在馬路上玩球,以免傷害自己。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處是兩個(gè)常用英文表達(dá),warn sb (not) to do sth"警告某人(不) 要做某事";avoid doing sth"避免做某事"。故選C。
4.答案: D
解析: 句意:—祝賀孩子們!你們?cè)谶^去的三年里取得了巨大的進(jìn)步。—尊敬的老師們!我們永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記你和你的幫助。考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)"in the past three years"可知,本句時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(have/has done)。故選D。
5.答案: B
解析: 句意:—很多人習(xí)慣把他們的電動(dòng)車停在大樓里。—那非常危險(xiǎn),政府已經(jīng)實(shí)施一些政策來阻止了。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。worked out解決;carried out執(zhí)行、實(shí)施;broken out爆發(fā);taken out拿出來。根據(jù)"some policies (政策) to stop this."可知,應(yīng)是執(zhí)行政策來阻止這種危險(xiǎn)行為。故選B。
6.答案: D
解析: 句意:據(jù)報(bào)道,世界上第一家太空酒店,旅行者空間站,將于2026年建成。太空旅行的黃金時(shí)代即將到來。考查時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。builds動(dòng)詞"三單"形式;built動(dòng)詞過去式/過去分詞;was built一般過去時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);will be built一般將來時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)"in 2026"可知,時(shí)態(tài)為一般將來時(shí),又因主語(yǔ)"Voyager Space Station"和"build"之間關(guān)系為被動(dòng),謂語(yǔ)用一般將來時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)"will be+過去分詞",built為動(dòng)詞build的過去分詞。故選D。
7.答案: C
解析: 句意:自從凱特來到中國(guó)后,她學(xué)到了很多關(guān)于中國(guó)剪紙的知識(shí)。考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。learns是learn的第三人稱單數(shù)形式,用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)中;learned是learn的過去式,用于一般過去時(shí)態(tài)中;has learned是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài);will learn一般將來時(shí)。根據(jù)"since she came to China."可知,主句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài),謂語(yǔ)部分應(yīng)是have/has done結(jié)構(gòu),因主語(yǔ)Bill是第三人稱單數(shù),故助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用has,learn應(yīng)用過去分詞learned。故選C。
8.答案: B
解析: 句意:—保羅的小提琴演奏得非常棒!—當(dāng)然。他比班上任何其他學(xué)生都更有天賦。考查比較級(jí)。根據(jù)"than"可知此處用比較級(jí)more talented,此處不表示特指,不用冠詞。故選B。
9.答案: D
解析: 句意:—這是一架多么舒適的飛機(jī)!—這是C919。它是中國(guó)制造的。考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。此處it指代C919,和謂語(yǔ)make之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故此處用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)be done。故選D。
10.答案: A
解析: 句意:賈斯汀幫不了我搬鋼琴,因?yàn)樗诰W(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)"Justin can’t help me to move the piano"可知,此處是正在網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí),不能幫忙,可知用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),其結(jié)構(gòu)是be doing的形式,主語(yǔ)是he,是第三人稱單數(shù),be動(dòng)詞用is,study"學(xué)習(xí)",是動(dòng)詞,現(xiàn)在分詞是studying。故選A。

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