資源簡(jiǎn)介 Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth!期末復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)講義一、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)整合語(yǔ)言能力 能夠運(yùn)用目標(biāo)句型進(jìn)行交際,掌握現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)等,并用正確的時(shí)態(tài)的句子描述環(huán)境污染和環(huán)境保護(hù)。學(xué)習(xí)能力 能整理、歸納所學(xué)內(nèi)容,把握重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn);能主動(dòng)反思自己英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中的進(jìn)步與不足。文化意識(shí) 通過談?wù)撐廴尽h(huán)境保護(hù)和循環(huán)再利用,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生愛護(hù)環(huán)境和保護(hù)動(dòng)物的意識(shí),理解不同國(guó)家對(duì)環(huán)保工作做出的不同努力和貢獻(xiàn)。思維品質(zhì) 能從不同角度解讀語(yǔ)篇,推斷語(yǔ)篇的深層含義,作出正確的價(jià)值判斷。二、思維導(dǎo)圖回顧知識(shí)三、重難知識(shí)易混易錯(cuò)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)含義:現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示即刻或現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行著的某一動(dòng)作,多與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) now;at the moment,at present 等連用。What are you doing now 你現(xiàn)在在做什么 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)跨在兩個(gè)時(shí)間之上,一是過去,是現(xiàn)在。它的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去,但對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響。與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)往往有already,yet,ever,never,for,since…,these days,so far,just,recently,in the past(last) few years 等。句式結(jié)構(gòu):現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):肯定句式:主語(yǔ)十助動(dòng)詞 be (am, is, are)+現(xiàn)在分詞否定句式:主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞 be(am, is, are)+not+現(xiàn)在分詞疑問句式:助動(dòng)詞 Be(Am, Is, Are)+主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞The students are listening to their teacher now.學(xué)生們正在聽老師講課。The students aren't listening to their teacher now.Are the students listening to their teacher now 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):肯定句式:主語(yǔ)十助動(dòng)詞 have (has) +過去分詞否定句式:主語(yǔ)十助動(dòng)詞 have (has) +not+過去分詞疑問句式:助動(dòng)詞 Have (Has) +主語(yǔ)+過去分詞I have already finished my homework.我已經(jīng)完成作業(yè)了。I haven't finished my homework yet.Have you finished your homework yet 用法:現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):①表示說話時(shí)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,往往與 now 連用,有時(shí)用在祈使句之后。What are you doing now 你現(xiàn)在在做什么?②表示現(xiàn)階段動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,但不一定是說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行,往往和 at present,this week,these days等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。What lessons are you learning this week 你們這個(gè)星期學(xué)哪些課了?③當(dāng)句中含有Look!或Listen! Can you see...,Can't you see...等暗示詞時(shí),后邊句子也用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。Listen! Who is crying in the next room 聽!誰在隔壁房間哭呢?Can't you see it is raining outside 你沒看見外面正下雨嗎 ④動(dòng)詞 go,come,leave,start,arrive 等可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。How many of you are coming to the party next week 你們有多少人下周來參加聚會(huì) She is leaving for Qinghai this weekend.這個(gè)周末她將動(dòng)身去青海。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):①表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響。Zhang Fang has just turned off the light.張芳剛剛把燈關(guān)上。(說明燈現(xiàn)在關(guān)上了)②表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,而且還將繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),往往與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。My father has worked in this factory for many years.我父親在這家工廠工作很多年了。(工作到現(xiàn)在)③表示從過去到現(xiàn)在所經(jīng)歷的事情。I've been to the Great Wall many times.我去過長(zhǎng)城好多次被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(一般時(shí)態(tài))構(gòu)成:被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是由“助動(dòng)詞 be 的適當(dāng)時(shí)態(tài)形式+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成,這里的 be 有時(shí)態(tài)的變化。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞 be(am,is,are)+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞一般過去時(shí):主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞 be(was,were)+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞一般將來時(shí):主語(yǔ)十助動(dòng)詞 will(am/is/are going to) be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞這里應(yīng)該注意的是:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的助動(dòng)詞 be 既表示時(shí)態(tài),又表示語(yǔ)態(tài);而其他時(shí)態(tài)中既有時(shí)態(tài)助動(dòng)詞,也有語(yǔ)態(tài)助動(dòng)詞。我們?cè)谶M(jìn)行句式轉(zhuǎn)化時(shí)應(yīng)該變化時(shí)態(tài)助動(dòng)詞。類型:①由及物動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)的句子的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),這時(shí)可以直接將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)即可。我媽媽昨天晚上做了一個(gè)蛋糕。My mother made a cake last night.A cake was made by my mother last night.某些動(dòng)詞后面可以加雙賓語(yǔ),一個(gè)是表示人的間接賓語(yǔ),另一個(gè)是表示物的直接賓語(yǔ)。這時(shí)在改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),可以將間接賓語(yǔ)改為主語(yǔ);也可將直接賓語(yǔ)改為主語(yǔ),不過這時(shí)應(yīng)該在間接賓語(yǔ)前加上介詞 to或 for。艾瑪給了我一塊橡皮。Emma gave me an eraser.I was given an eraser by Emma.An eraser was given tome by Emma②由不及物動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由于不及物動(dòng)詞不能直接帶賓語(yǔ),所以只有在不及物動(dòng)詞后面加上介詞或副詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)之后,才能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中。在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),不可丟掉動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的介詞或副詞。她從地上撿起一個(gè)錢包。She picked up a wallet from the floor.A wallet was picked up from the floor by her.主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義①形容詞 worth 后面加上動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。②在need,want,require等動(dòng)詞后往往用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。③在 to...to...結(jié)構(gòu)中,不定式的主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。④形容詞easy, difficult, hard, cheap , expensive, fit, nice, dangerous , exciting, funny,heavy,important,good,interesting 等后面接不定式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)往往用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。⑤動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí),如果它的邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),則可以用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。⑥不及物動(dòng)詞wash,sell,write,read,close,open,wear,catch 等往往用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義,說明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)或特征。辨析:instead of與 insteadinstead of介詞短語(yǔ),后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing 形式等作賓語(yǔ),否定of后的內(nèi)容They will go on a vacation by plane instead of by train.他們將乘飛機(jī)去度假,而不是坐火車。instead副詞,意為“代替;相反”,常位于句首或句末作狀語(yǔ),肯定instead所在句的內(nèi)容He didn't play basketball yesterday. He went swimming instead他昨天沒打籃球,而是去游泳了。辨析:endangered,danger,dangerous 與 in dangerendangered:形容詞;“瀕危的;瀕臨滅絕的”Scientists think that the animal is endangered by pollution.科學(xué)家認(rèn)為污染導(dǎo)致這種動(dòng)物瀕臨滅絕danger:不可數(shù)名詞;“危險(xiǎn),威脅”;后接of (doing) sth.Is there any danger of fire 有發(fā)生火災(zāi)的危險(xiǎn)嗎 dangerous:形容詞;“危險(xiǎn)的”It's dangerous for children to swim in the river對(duì)孩子們來說在河里游泳是危險(xiǎn)的。in danger:介詞短語(yǔ);“在危險(xiǎn)中”Her life is in danger.她有生命危險(xiǎn)【例題】1.Xiaogan is well known _____ the culture of "Xiao".A.in B.for C.as D.on2.Yueda Group has found a way to _____ the waste and doesn't put it into the river any more.A.produce B.recycle C.require D.protect3.More and more people have realized that we shouldn't _____ the ancient buildings in cities.A.get off B.put off C.cut down D.pull down4.—Many people play with mobile phones all day instead of reading books.—That's too bad. Everyone ______ be a book lover. Reading is more enjoyable.A.may B.must C.would D.should5.—Look, what an amazing Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge!—Yeah. It ______ in 2018.A.completed B.was completed C.is completed D.has completed6.Shopping used to ______ going to shops, but nowadays, you can do it online at home.A.means B.meant C.mean D.meaning7.Please be quiet. The students ________ a listening test.A. having B. are having C. had D. have8.—Look at the backpack! It looks like Amy’s backpack! She must be in the library, too!—It _________ be Amy’s. Amy is at home today because she is ill.A. mustn’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. wouldn’t9.—Can you help me make a shopping list —________. I’ll do it right now.A. No way B. With pleasureC. Good luck D. It’s no big deal10.—Excuse me, can I have a word with Doctor Smith —I’m sorry, Doctor Smith _______ on a patient at the moment.A. is operating B. operated C. has operated D. will operate四、單元核心素養(yǎng)對(duì)接中考1.【2024屆·江蘇宿遷·二模】—When hot weather arrives during summer, the sun shines brightly in Siyang. So you’d better take ________ umbrella when you go out.—OK. It’s________ useful advice. Thank you.A.a; an B.a; the C.an; / D.an; a2.【2024屆·江蘇宿遷·二模】—Jim, Mother’s Day is coming. What present will you give your mother —I haven’t decided yet. I ________ make her a birthday cake by myself.A.must B.would C.should D.may3.【2024屆·江蘇宿遷·二模】Our teachers always warn us ________ ball games on the road to avoid ________ ourselves. A.to not play; hurtingB.not to play; to hurtC.not to play; hurtingD.not play; to hurt4.【2024屆·江蘇宿遷·二模】—Congratulations, boys and girls! You all ________ great progress in the past three years.—Dear teachers! We will never forget you and your help.A.make B.made C.will make D.have made5.【2024屆·江蘇宿遷·二模】—Many people are used to parking their e-bikes inside the building.—That’s very dangerous. The government has ________ some policies(政策) to stop this.A.worked out B.carried out C.broken out D.taken out6.【2024屆·江蘇宿遷·二模】It’s reported that the world’s first space hotel, Voyager Space Station, ________ in 2026. The golden age of space travel is just around the corner.A.builds B.builtC.was built D.will be built7.【2024屆·江西萍鄉(xiāng)·二模】Kate _________ a lot about Chinese paper cutting since she came to China.A.learns B.learned C.has learned D.will learn8.【2024屆·江西萍鄉(xiāng)·二模】—Paul plays the violin really wonderfully!—Of course. He is ________ than any other student in his class.A.talented B.more talentedC.the more talented D.the most talented9.【2024屆·江西萍鄉(xiāng)·二模】—What a comfortable plane it is!—It’s C919. It ________ in China.A.will make B.makes C.is making D.is made10.【2024屆·江西萍鄉(xiāng)·二模】Justin can’t help me to move the piano because he ________ English online.A.is studying B.studied C.will study D.studies答案以及解析【例題】1.答案:B解析:句意:孝感以“孝”文化而著稱。be well known for...表示“以……而著稱”。2.答案:B解析:produce"生產(chǎn)";recycle"回收利用";require"要求";protect"保護(hù)"。此處是說,悅達(dá)集團(tuán)找到了回收利用廢料的方法,故選B。3.答案:D解析:句意:越來越多的人已經(jīng)意識(shí)到我們不應(yīng)該拆毀城市里的古老建筑。get off"下車";put off"推遲";cut down"砍掉";pull down"拆毀"。4.答案:D解析:題干中提到了"許多人整天玩手機(jī)而不看書",結(jié)合答語(yǔ)中的"讀書更有樂趣"可推斷,此處是說每個(gè)人都"應(yīng)該"成為喜歡讀書的人,故所缺的詞是should。5.答案:B解析:—看,港珠澳大橋多壯觀呀!—是呀。它完成于2018年。橋是被完成的,且根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in 2018可知,動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去,故用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。6.答案:C解析:句意:過去購(gòu)物意味著去商店,但是現(xiàn)在你能夠在家上網(wǎng)購(gòu)物。used to do sth.表示"過去常常做某事"。7.答案:B解析:考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“Please be quiet.”可知,“聽力測(cè)試”這件事情正在發(fā)生,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞)。故選B.8.答案:B解析:考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞否定形式辨析。mustn't禁止;can't不可能;needn't不必;wouldn't將不會(huì)。根據(jù)“Amy is at home today because she is ill.”可知圖書館里的書包不可能是艾米的。表示否定推測(cè)用can't,故選B.9.答案:B解析:考查情景交際。No way不行;With pleasure 非常樂意;Good luck好運(yùn);It's no big deal沒什么大不了的。根據(jù)“I'll do it right now.”可知,此處是說“我很愿意幫忙”,故選B.10.答案:A解析:考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。根據(jù)“at the moment.”推斷,此處表達(dá)“史密斯醫(yī)生正在給病人做手術(shù)”,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選A。四、單元核心素養(yǎng)對(duì)接中考1.答案: C解析: 句意:—夏天,當(dāng)炎熱的天氣來臨時(shí),泗陽(yáng)陽(yáng)光燦爛。所以你出去的時(shí)候最好帶把傘。—好的,這是有用的建議。非常感謝。考查冠詞。不定冠詞a和an用于可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式前,泛指"一個(gè)"。a用于輔音音素開頭的單詞前;an用于元音音素開頭的單詞前。umbrella是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式,且發(fā)音以元音音素開頭,故用an;advice是不可數(shù)名詞,故不能用不定冠詞。故選C。2.答案: D解析: 句意:—吉姆,母親節(jié)快到了。你會(huì)給你媽媽什么禮物 —我還沒有決定。我可能自己給她做一個(gè)生日蛋糕。考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。must必須;would將;should應(yīng)該;may可能。根據(jù)"I haven’t decided yet."可知,還沒決定給媽媽什么禮物,可能做一個(gè)生日蛋糕。此處表示猜測(cè)用may。故選D。3.答案: C解析: 句意:我們的老師總是警告我們不要在馬路上玩球,以免傷害自己。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處是兩個(gè)常用英文表達(dá),warn sb (not) to do sth"警告某人(不) 要做某事";avoid doing sth"避免做某事"。故選C。4.答案: D解析: 句意:—祝賀孩子們!你們?cè)谶^去的三年里取得了巨大的進(jìn)步。—尊敬的老師們!我們永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記你和你的幫助。考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)"in the past three years"可知,本句時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(have/has done)。故選D。5.答案: B解析: 句意:—很多人習(xí)慣把他們的電動(dòng)車停在大樓里。—那非常危險(xiǎn),政府已經(jīng)實(shí)施一些政策來阻止了。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。worked out解決;carried out執(zhí)行、實(shí)施;broken out爆發(fā);taken out拿出來。根據(jù)"some policies (政策) to stop this."可知,應(yīng)是執(zhí)行政策來阻止這種危險(xiǎn)行為。故選B。6.答案: D解析: 句意:據(jù)報(bào)道,世界上第一家太空酒店,旅行者空間站,將于2026年建成。太空旅行的黃金時(shí)代即將到來。考查時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。builds動(dòng)詞"三單"形式;built動(dòng)詞過去式/過去分詞;was built一般過去時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);will be built一般將來時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)"in 2026"可知,時(shí)態(tài)為一般將來時(shí),又因主語(yǔ)"Voyager Space Station"和"build"之間關(guān)系為被動(dòng),謂語(yǔ)用一般將來時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)"will be+過去分詞",built為動(dòng)詞build的過去分詞。故選D。7.答案: C解析: 句意:自從凱特來到中國(guó)后,她學(xué)到了很多關(guān)于中國(guó)剪紙的知識(shí)。考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。learns是learn的第三人稱單數(shù)形式,用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)中;learned是learn的過去式,用于一般過去時(shí)態(tài)中;has learned是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài);will learn一般將來時(shí)。根據(jù)"since she came to China."可知,主句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài),謂語(yǔ)部分應(yīng)是have/has done結(jié)構(gòu),因主語(yǔ)Bill是第三人稱單數(shù),故助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用has,learn應(yīng)用過去分詞learned。故選C。8.答案: B解析: 句意:—保羅的小提琴演奏得非常棒!—當(dāng)然。他比班上任何其他學(xué)生都更有天賦。考查比較級(jí)。根據(jù)"than"可知此處用比較級(jí)more talented,此處不表示特指,不用冠詞。故選B。9.答案: D解析: 句意:—這是一架多么舒適的飛機(jī)!—這是C919。它是中國(guó)制造的。考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。此處it指代C919,和謂語(yǔ)make之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故此處用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)be done。故選D。10.答案: A解析: 句意:賈斯汀幫不了我搬鋼琴,因?yàn)樗诰W(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)"Justin can’t help me to move the piano"可知,此處是正在網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí),不能幫忙,可知用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),其結(jié)構(gòu)是be doing的形式,主語(yǔ)是he,是第三人稱單數(shù),be動(dòng)詞用is,study"學(xué)習(xí)",是動(dòng)詞,現(xiàn)在分詞是studying。故選A。 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預(yù)覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫(kù)