資源簡介

Unit 5 What are the shirts made of
語法
一般現在時的被動語態
1、英語有兩種語態：主動語態與被動語態:主動語態表示主語就是動作的執行者;
被動語態表示主語就是動作的承受者
Cats eat fish、(主動語態）
Fish is eaten by cats、(被動語態)
2、一般現在時的標志詞
一般現在時常與often(經常),usually（通常）,sometimes（有時）,always（總是）,等頻度副詞連用，它們在句中的位置就是實前系后情助后。另外every day, every morning,等，也就是一般現在時的信息標志詞。它們通常放在句首或句末。
3、一般現在時分為主動語態與被動語態：
4、一般現在時主動語態的構成：
一般現在時主動語態可以分成兩類:一類就是帶be的，另一類就是帶實義動詞的。
帶be的各種句式的構成
(1)肯定句的構成就是：主語+ is/am/ are +其她She is a student、
(2)否定句的構成就是：主語+is/am/are + not +其她She isn’t a student、
(3)一般疑問句的構成就是：Is/Am/Are+主語+其她 Is she a student
肯定回答就是：Yes，主語+is/am/are Yes,she is、
否定回答就是：No，主語+is/am/are +not No,she isn’t
(4)特殊疑問句的構成就是：疑問詞+ is/am/are+主語+其她
帶實義動詞的各種句式的構成
(1)肯定句的構成就是:主語+ 動詞原形/三單+其她
Chinese people speak Chinese、
(2)否定句的構成就是:主語+ don’t/doesn’t +動詞原形+其她
Chinese people don’t speak Chinese、
(3)一般疑問句的構成就是:Do/Does +主語+動詞原形+其她
Do Chinese people speak Chinese Yes,they do、No,they don’t
肯定回答就是:Yes,主語+do/does、
否定回答就是:No,主語+don’t/doesn’t
(4)特殊疑問句的構成就是：疑問詞+ do/does +主語+動詞原形+其她 ？
Chinese people speak Chinese、What language do Chinese people speak
5、一般現在時被動語態的構成：主語+is/am/are+動詞過去分詞+by短語+其她
Chinese is spoken by Chinese people、
(1)否定句的構成就是: 主語+is/am/are+not+動詞過去分詞+by短語+其她
Chinese isn’t spoken by Chinese people、
(2)一般疑問句的構成就是: Is/Am/Are+主語+動詞過去分詞+by短語+其她
Is Chinese spoken by Chinese people、
Yes, it is、No, it isn’t
肯定回答就是：Yes，主語+is/am/are
否定回答就是：No，主語+is/am/are +not
(3)特殊疑問句的構成就是：疑問詞+ is/am/are+主語+動詞過去分詞+by短語+其她
Chinese is spoken by Chinese people、
Who is Chinese spoken by
改為被動語態
(1)People use stamps for sending letters
(2)We use a recorder in our English class
Section A
1、由be made構成的短語：
(1)be made from意為“由……（原料）制成”，表示某物品制成后，已瞧不出原材料就是什么，原材料在制作過程中已起了化學變化；
Paper is made from wood、Wine is made from grapes、
(2)be made of意為“由……（原料）制成”，表示某物品制成后，仍可瞧的出原材料，其原料在制作過程中僅起了物理變化。
The desk is made of wood、The shoes are made of cloth、
(3)be made in+地點意思就是“在……（地點）被制造”，介詞in后接產地。
This kind of computer is made in the USA．
This printing machine was made in Beijing、
(4)be made by+某人意思就是“由……制造”，介詞by后跟動作的執行者。
2、leaf為可數名詞，意為“葉子”，復數形式就是leaves。
shelf-shelves(架子) thief-thieves(小偷) knife-knives（刀）life-lives(生命) wife-wives(妻子)
3、famous就是形容詞，意為“著名的，有名的”同義詞就是known，反義詞就是unknown
(1)be famous for=be known for“因……而出名”
China is famous for the Great Wall、
(2)be famous as=be known as“作為……而出名”
Michael Jackson is famous as a singer、
4、區分like/such as與for example
(1)like做介詞，意為“像……”，用來列舉同類人或物中的幾個例子，后面不能有逗號，相當于such as
There are many kinds of fruit in the supermarket, like /such as apples, bananas and pears、
(2)for example意為“例如”，列舉同類人或物中的一個例子，其后要用逗號隔開。
5、widely就是副詞，意為“廣泛地，普遍地”，修飾動詞。
English is widely used in the world、
6、as far as I know意為“據我所知”。其中作從屬連詞，as far as意為“就……來說”，引導狀語從句，強調程度或范圍。
As far as I know, he has been abroad、
7、grow意為“種植”或“生長”。過去式與過去分詞就是grew, grown、短語
grow up意為“長大”
They’re growing rice、
I want to be a teacher when I grow up、
8、by hand意為“用手”The shoes are made by hand、
This pair of shoes hand, and it very comfortable
9、It seems/seemed that…意為“似乎就是……”(相當于“從句的主語+seem to do”)
It seemed that he would never be able to work out the question、
It seems that he is right=He seems to be right、
10、all over the world=around the world意為“全世界，世界各地”
Our friends are all over the world、
11、與good相關的常見搭配
(1)be good at意為“擅長” =do well in I am good at math、=I do well in math、
(2)be good for 意為“對…有益”反義詞組就是be bad for “對……有害處”
Swimming is good for our health、
(3)be good to意為“對…好” ＝be friendly to sb=be kind to sb
She is good to us、
Miss Read is good ____music
12、both…and…意為“……與……兩者都”，其否定短語就是意為neither…nor…
“既不……也不……”，同義詞組就是not only…but also…“不但……而且……”
Both he and I are from Beijing、=Not only he but also I am from Beijing、
Neither he nor I am from Beijing、
13、no matter what=whatever意為“無論什么”
No matter what you say, I won’t believe you、
14、find it+形容詞+(for sb) to do sth意為“發現做某事對某人來說怎么樣”it就是形式賓語，to do sth就是真正的賓語
I found it very difficult to learn how to drive、
We find necessary to protect the earth
15、find sb doing sth意為“發現某人正在做某事”
I found her standing at the door、
16、would like“想要”= want后面接三種形式
(1)would like sth“想要某物”I’d like some dumplings、
(2)would like to do sth“想要做某事”They’d like to play football after school、
(3)would like sb to do sth、“想要某人做某事”
She’d like me to go shopping with her、
17、hardly就是否定詞，意為“幾乎不”。
Speak aloud, please! I can hear you
A usually B almost C hardly D nearly
18、by的用法
(1)by表示移動方向，意為“經過”。
My mother goes by the building every day、
(2)by+交通工具，“乘……”I go to school by bike、
(3)by表示位置，意為“在……旁”Jim sat down by the window、
(4)by表示時間，意為“不遲于”I have to go to bed by ten o’clock、
(5)by表示方式及手段，意為“通過，靠”
Jackson studied Chinese by listening to tapes、
19、be allowed to do sth 意為“被允許做某事”。其否定形式為be not allowed to
do sth意為“不被允許做某事”
Passengers are not allowed to smoke、
20、不同的時間前面應用什么介詞：
(1)通常按照“in年in月in季節on 天on 日on星期”的規則
in 1998 在1998年in January 在一月
in spring/summer/autumn/winter在春天/夏天/秋天/冬天
on that day在那天on his birthday在她的生日（那天）
on Teachers’ Day 在教師節on October first 在10月1日
on Friday 在星期五
(2)在幾點鐘用at，在一日中的黎明、正午、半夜也用at。
at six o’clock在六點鐘at noon / night在正午/晚上
(3)在某月某日用on,如on April fifth 在四月五日
在某年某月某日用on,如on April fifth,2008 在2008年四月五日
在某年某月用in,如in May,2007 在2007年五月（注意：瞧最后一個詞）
(4) in the morning/afternoon/evening “在早上/下午/晚上”，但當早上/下午/晚
上有修飾詞修飾時用on 如：on Friday morning =on the morning of Friday
在星期五早上on a hot afternoon在一個炎熱的下午
21、traffic意為“交通，路上行駛的車輛”，就是不可數名詞。表示交通量大
時用heavy，表示交通量小時用light、
Traffic is very heavy during the rush hours、
22、France法國-French法語-Frenchman法國人
Germany德國-German德語-German德國人
23、記住下面單詞的復數形式。
policewoman-policewomen(女警察) Frenchman-Frenchmen(法國人)
German-Germans、(德國人)
24、a cup to tea、一杯茶two cups of tea、兩杯茶
25、avoid doing sth、意為“避免做某事
Section B
1、a kind of一種all kinds of各種各樣的different kinds of不同種類的
There is a kind of sheep in the zoo、
There are many different kinds of books in the library、
2、a little =a bit =a little bit=kind of意為“一點兒；少許”都可以用來修飾形容詞/副詞。a little bit quiet、此外，a little還可以直接修飾不可數名詞，而a bit須與of連用才可以修飾不可數名詞。
The weather here is a little bit hot、a little water=a bit of water一點兒水
3、(1)learn to do sth意為“學習做某事”My younger brother is learning English、
(2)learn from意為“向……學習”We must learn from Lei Feng、
(3)learn by oneself意為“自學”He learns French by himself、
4、fly a kite=fly kites意為“放風箏”
I flew a kite with my friends last weekend、
fly to +某地意為“乘飛機去某地”We flew to Beijing yesterday、
5、hold意為“舉行”=have，其過去式與過去分詞都就是held、
They will hold a meeting to discuss this problem tomorrow、
6、由-or結尾的名詞有：competitor(參賽者，競爭者) visitor(參觀者)
actor(演員) inventor(發明家) translator(翻譯員)
7、be from=come from意為“來自……”They are from England、
8、turn into意為“變成”，turn …into…意為“把……變成……”
Water turns into ice when it freezes、
The witch turned the prince into a frog、
9、according to意為“根據；按照”
According to what he said,it was a good thing、
10、send out意為“放出，發出”
The ship is sinking、Send out a distress signal、
11、in trouble、意為“處于困境中”Don’t laugh at people in trouble、
in danger意為“處于危險中”
12、be covered with意為“被……覆蓋著“
The ground is covered with snow、
13、slow意為“慢的”，就是形容詞，slowly意為“慢地”，就是副詞，修飾動詞。
She is a slow reader、She opened the door slowly、
14、rise into意為“上升到……中”
When the weather is cool,little bits of water rise into the air and form clouds、
15、put …on…意為“把……貼到……上”
She put the picture on the wall、
16、與put相關的短語
put away把……收起來；放好put on穿上put off doing sth 推遲做某事
put down放下
17、lively意為“生氣勃勃的”
He had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting、
lovely意為“可愛的”。She is a lovely girl、
18、區分spend,pay,cost與take
(1)人+ spend(spent)+時間/金錢+(in)doing sth或on sth
I spent five dollars (in)buying the book、I spent five dollars on the book、
(2)人+pay(paid)+金錢+for sth I paid five dollars for the book、
(3)物+cost(cost)+人+金錢The book cost me five dollars、
(4)It takes(took)+人+時間+to do sth、
It took me five hours to finish homework、
19、find+it+形容詞+(for sb) to do sth意為“發現做某事對某人來說怎么樣”it就
是形式賓語，to do sth就是真正的賓語
I found it very difficult to learn how to drive、

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