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Unit 5 I think that mooncakes are delicious!
Purpose To introduce Ss to the unit goal: give a personal reaction. To set the scene, increase Ss’ vocabulary and introduce the target language.
Picture The four pictures show four different Asian festivals that have great meaning in the places that they are celebrated. (More about the festivals in Culture Focus.) The talking heads are making a comment about an event they had attended that day. The female is asking the male what he enjoyed the most. He replied that he loved the races, except that it was too crowded. Making a connection with the pictures, it would probably be the Dragon Boat Festival that they were referring to since it is the only one that has races.
Culture Focus Snapshot of the festivals Some information about the four festivals mentioned: ● The Water Festival in Thailand Also known as Songkran, this festival marks the Thai traditional new year, recently fixed to be celebrated from April 13 to 15. Traditionally, Songkran occurs at the hottest time of the year, at the end of the dry season. For this reason, one of the traditions of this festival is to throw water on others. This was symbolic of washing all the “bad” away so that people could start the new year with a cleanslate. ● The Dragon Boat Festival in HongKong This festival has its roots in the Chinese Duanwu Festival held on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. Qu Yuan was an honest and loyal official in China who was framed by a corrupt prince. Disappointed that his beloved country was in the hands of evil men, he threw himself into a river. He was so well-loved that fishermen tried to save him but were not able to. To prevent the fish from feeding on his body, they threw zongzi into the river.
Culture Focus This later came to become offerings to Qu Yuan. The dragon boats represent the boats that went out onto the river in attempts to rescue his body. There are many races that take place at various locations in HongKong. ● Chinese Spring Festival in Beijing This festival is the Chinese new year, according to the lunar calendar. The most important days are the last day of the previous year and the first day of the new year. However, preparations start even before then. Every home needs to be thoroughly cleaned, new clothes need to be bought, and auspicious scrolls and paper cut-outs are displayed. On the eve, family members will gather for a feast. At midnight, fireworks are set off in a symbolic gesture: to get rid of the ill fortune of the previous year and welcome good fortune in the coming year. On a smaller scale, firecrackers are also lit. On the first day, children receive red packets with “lucky money” . The Lunar New Year lasts for 15 days and comes to an end with the Lantern Festival. ● The Lantern Festival in Jiangxi Marking the end of the Spring Festival is the Lantern Festival. This is commemorated by a number of traditional activities. One of these activities is the dragon lantern dance, where a long dragon lantern is first paraded through the village before it is lighted up at night and the dance performed.
Optional Approach Making connections Ask Ss to attempt activity 1a before discussing answers as a class. Ask them for the clues that helped them decide which picture depicts which festival (for example, a: boat; b: auspicious decorations; c: lanterns; d: throwing of water). Next draw their attention to the talking heads and ask Ss what they think the two are talking about. Ss should be able to make a connection between this and the pictures.
Answers 1. d 2. a 3. b 4. c
Purpose To help Ss recognize the target language in natural speech.
Teaching Tip Putting it in context Tell Ss that the conversation they are about to listen to is the conversation between the two talking heads in the picture. This will give them the context of the conversation to come. Give them a bit of time to read through the four statements before playing the conversation. This will give them an idea of what to listen out for.
Answers 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T
Purpose To give Ss the opportunity to use the target language in natural speech.
Optional Approach Sharing knowledge As these are Asian festivals, it is possible that Ss are more familiar with them, particularly the ones that originated in China. Get Ss to share what they know with a partner. Ask them to first share common knowledge, e.g. origins, common celebrations, then ask them to share something that they usually do during one of these festivals that is specific to his/her family.
Purpose To give Ss listening practice using the target language.
Teaching Tip Knowing what to listen for Tell Ss that they will be doing the next two activities together. In order for them to know what to listen for, ask them to read through the instructions before listening.
Answers 1. friends 2. Hong Kong 3. relatives 4. the Dragon Boat Festival
Purpose To give Ss practice in listening for specific items in conversations.
Optional Approach Exchanging answers After Ss have filled in their answers, get them to share their answers with a partner. The first partner is to share answers for 2a and the second partner for 2b. Tell Ss that the partner receiving the answers will have to ask their classmate one question to verify that the answer given is correct. Some examples are: for 2a (1): How do you know that Wu Ming and Harry are friends for 2b (Eating out): How do you know that the downside of eating out is putting on weight
Answers Fun activitiesDownsidesEating output on weightShoppingspent moneyDragon Boat Festival in Juneweather is hot
Purpose To give Ss the opportunity to use the target language in conversations.
Optional Approach Constructing conversations Ask Ss to work with the same partner he/she had in the previous two activities . Ask Ss to write two conversations in their pairs, the first using the information in the conversation they have just heard (2a and 2b) and the second using their own information but using the target language. Give Ss about 10 minutes to write their conversations, after which they should role-play them. They can then switch roles.
Purpose To give Ss the opportunity to use the target language in a controlled manner.
Teaching Tip Different partners Tell Ss that they will have to role-play the given conversation twice, with two different partners. In addition, they will have to choose partners that they did not work with for the previous activities in this unit. This is to ensure that Ss get to communicate and interact with different classmates.
Purpose To provide Ss with reading practice using the target language.
Culture Focus Origins The story of Hou Yi and Chang’e is one version of how admiring the moon became associated with Mid-Autumn. As for the origin of mooncakes, the story is that when the Han Chinese wanted to rebel against the Mongols, they baked small round cakes that were easily transportable and hid secret messages in them. Through this method, they managed to tell people that a rebellion would take place on Mid-Autumn’s day. Traditionally, mooncakes had a thin brown baked skin with one or more whole salted egg yolks which symbolized the full moon. These are still well-loved but one recent invention that has become just as popular is the snowskin mooncake, said to originate from HongKong. This was invented to provide a healthier option to the traditional baked
Culture Focus mooncake as the snowskin mooncake used less oil and fat. However, it appears that many bakeries and chefs are now trying hard to outdo each other by coming up with different recipes using the most unusual ingredients. Today, it is not unusual to findsnowskin mooncakes that are flavored (mango, durian, apple, green tea, etc.) or contain exotic fillings such as nuts, champagne, and liqueurs.
Answers Suggested answers: 1. They celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival by admiring the moon and sharing mooncakes with their families. 2. The reading is about a traditional folk story of Hou Yi and Chang’e for the Mid-Autumn Festival.
Purpose To give Ss an opportunity to test their reading comprehension.
Teaching Tip Remembering the sequence The story in the passage has a natural sequence in which one thing leads to another and progresses in a linear way. To get Ss to understand this, get them to close their textbooks and in pairs, write notes about the sequence of events. They can then use their notes to complete the activity, without referring to the passage.
Answers 4, 2, 5, 1, 7, 6, 3
Purpose To give Ss an opportunity to test their memory of key words in the reading passage.
Optional Approach Remembering details Continuing from the previous activity, Ss should fill in their answers without referring to the passage. Remind them that the letter before the blank is the first letter of the answer and should help to guide them. Get Ss to share their answers with their partner before they check their answers against the passage.
Answers 1. admire 2. traditional 3. magic 4. steal 5. laid
Answers 1. I think that the Lantern Festival is beautiful. 2. I don’t know whether he will come home for the festival. 3. I believe that the Water Festival is the most fun.
Answers 4. I wonder if the mooncakes are delicious. 5. How exciting the races were! 6. What an interesting city (Hong Kong is)!
Answers Dear Xia Yu, Do you know that there are two special days for parents in America One is Mother’s Day on the second Sunday of May, and the other is Father’s Day on the third Sunday ofJune. On these two days, American children often give gifts to their parents or take them out for lunch or mon gifts are flowers and cards for mothers and shirts or ties for fathers. I hear that it is becoming more and more popular to celebrate Mother’s Day and Father’s Day in China. I wonder if children over there also give similar gifts to their parents. I believe that there are many ways to show our love. Actually, we don’t have to spend a lot of money. It is also a good idea to help parents to do something instead. June For Ss’ own sentences, answers will vary.
Purpose To give Ss the opportunity to use the target language.
Teaching Tip Giving guidelines In groups of four or five, get Ss to interview each other and elicit answers. The T may wish to give them some guidelines. Write the following questions on the board: What is your favorite festival What does it celebrate When is it celebrated Why do you like this festival Tell Ss that they will need to answer these questions themselves first. Once they have their own answers, they should take turns interviewing others in the group. They will then share their findings with the class.
. Optional Activity: What would you like to celebrate
Purpose To help Ss master the target language and expand their vocabulary.
Procedure
1. Divide the class into six groups.
2. In their groups, get Ss to create a festival of their own. They do not need to work out every single detail but they should discuss the following:
● What is the name of the festival
● What is it about
● When is it celebrated and for how long
● What are the main attractions of the festival
3. The T may wish to write these questions on the board for the Ss’s convenience.
4. Once the Ss have come up with these details, get them to create a conversation similar to that in Section A 2d. They should incorporate all the festival details they have just discussed. The T may wish to give Ss 15–20 minutes for this.
5. Once they have created their conversation, Ss will have to nominate two people in their group who will role-play the conversation to the rest of the class.
6. Each group will take turns to act out their conversation. Ask the other Ss to take notes about what they hear.
7. When all groups have role-played their conversations, pick a group at random and ask them to share details about another group’s festival.
Purpose To prepare Ss to use the target language in a different context.
Picture The four pictures show different scenes depicting Halloween. The boxed pictures from left to right show: children in their costumes receiving treats from the lady of the house,also dressed up in a costume; children dressed and showing off their costumes; a graphic depicting the traditional elements of Halloween: bats, a spider, a black cat, a carved pumpkin face, a spooky house in the distance, a full moon, and candy hanging from the tree. The superimposed picture is that of a bag, made to look like a carved pumpkin, filled with treats.
Culture Focus Along history Halloween is said to originate from the Celtic festival called Samhain (pronounced as “sah-win”). It was celebrated at the end of the harvest season and people would light bonfires and don costumes to scare off ghosts that were said to roam the lands. Some of these traditions were later incorporated into All Saints’ Day, celebrated on November 1. The evening before, October 31, was known as All Hallows’ Evening (also known as All Hallows’ Eve), which was then shortened to Halloween. As time progressed, this festival became more secular (with no connection to religion) and tended to revolve around children’s activities like trick-or-treating. In the past, children used to dress up as characters that were associated with the supernatural, like skeletons, ghouls, goblins, witches, and warlocks. Nowadays, children (and adults) dress up in anything they like, e.g. comic book heroes, cartoon characters, television personalities.
Optional Approach What’s in the picture It is possible that Ss have not heard of Halloween so the T may have to walk Ss through this activity. To begin, divide the class into four groups and assign one picture to each group. Ask Ss to describe what they see there and then deduce what Halloween might be about. Get each group to share with the rest of the class what they discussed.
Answers Answers will vary.
Purpose To give Ss practice in listening and understanding a conversation on a specific topic.
Teaching Tip Are you ready Without giving Ss any clues, play the recording and ask them to answer the questions in this activity. Have them share their answers with a partner before giving them the correct answers. How many got the answers right Use this as an opportunity to show Ss that they will always need to pay attention as often, they may not be given the context of a conversation and will need to listen, remember, or take notes as they see fit.
Answers 1. Halloween is popular in North America. 2. They celebrate Halloween on October 31. 3. Wu Yu thinks it is a fun festival.
Purpose To give Ss practice in listening for specific vocabulary.
Optional Approach Making educated guesses Following from the previous activity, ask Ss to answer the questions in this portion without listening to the conversation again or consulting their notes or friends. Tell Ss it is all right if they are unable to fill in all the blanks. Encourage Ss to answer as many as they can. Also, tell Ss that they can make educated guesses based on the “clues” given in the sentence. Give Ss a bit of time to fill in the blanks before playing the recording again and getting them to check their own answers. Ask Ss how well they did and how many of the correct answers were educated guesses.
Answers 1. houses, turn off, windows 2. dress up, cartoon 3. candies 4. play, give
Purpose To give Ss practice using the target language in a different context.
Teaching Tip Voicing their opinions There are many Halloween activities that the Ss could choose to speak about. It is also possible that some Ss are not interested in any of the Halloween activities, for a variety of reasons. Assure Ss that it is fine for them to have their own opinions and they do not need to like the activities just because other people do. It is, however, important for them to understand why they do or do not like something, or why they hold a certain opinion. Tell Ss that they should keep this in mind as they share their ideas about the Halloween activities with their partner.
Purpose To prepare Ss for the subsequent reading activity.
Culture Focus Christmas Probably the most widely-celebrated festival around the world, is a Christian celebration that commemorates the birth of Jesus Christ. Those who follow in the Christian faith, in its various denominations, will typically go to church on Christmas Day. In certain countries, this is a time for families to get together as many companies close over the Christmas and New Year period. Over the years, people have added many secular elements to the celebrations and now, even non-Christians join in the fun by buying presents for their friends and family, and offices have parties to coincide with this holiday and the New Year’s. Other traditions at this time include
Culture Focus buying and decorating a Christmas tree, having a feast that includes turkey and ham, children waiting for Santa Claus (or Father Christmas) to deliver presents.
Answers Answers will vary.
Purpose To provide Ss with reading practice using the target language.
Optional Approach Share information with the class Ask Ss to read the passage and answer the questions before asking how many of them have read the book A Christmas Carol. Ask those who have read the book to share with the class their thoughts about the book (not the passage), e.g. did they like or dislike it and why. Also, ask Ss to share something in the book that is not found in the passage. If no one has read the book before, the T may wish to ask the class if they know what it means to be called “a scrooge” . (This refers to a miserly person.) Get Ss to make a connection between the term and what they read in the passage. Make sure Ss understand the meaning of the word and how it is used.
Answers 1. People usually think about gifts, Christmas trees and Santa Claus. 2. Charles Dickens wrote A Christmas Carol. 3. The true spirit of Christmas is the importance of sharing and giving love and joy to the people around us.
Purpose To provide Ss with scanning and writing practice.
Teaching Tip Zooming in Before Ss start on this activity, tell them to cover the passage and just read the question. Tell them that since this activity is asking for specific answers, they need not read the entire passage again. They should look for clues and just zoom into the correct paragraph. In this case, they only need to look at paragraph three. Get them to try this.
Answers What does Scrooge see when he’s with …the Ghost of Christmas Past his happier days as a childthe Ghost of Christmas Present how others were spending Christmas that yearthe Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come nobody cares when he dies
Purpose To give Ss an opportunity to practice their skills of inferrence.
Teaching Tip Reading between the lines Before Ss attempt this activity, direct them to the box at the start of the passage. Explain to them what “inferring” means and give them an example they can relate to. One such example might be about a S who comes to class and keeps coughing and sneezing. The next day, he/she does not turn up for class. Everyone will automatically think that this is because he/she is sick. How do they know this It is because they inferred the reason from what they knew before.
Answers Suggested answers: 1. Because Scrooge is mean and only thinks about himself. He doesn’t treat others nicely, and he only cares about whether he can make more money. (Since Christmas is a holiday and his staff have the day off, he will not be able to make money on Christmas Day.) 2. No, he has no friends. / No, he doesn’t have a lot of friends. Because he wasn’t nice to people, and never laughs or smiles. He is mean and only thinks about himself. (When he is dead, no one cares). 3. He was punished because like Scrooge, he wasn’t nice to others and he only cared about money. 4. Yes,Jacob Marley wants to help Scrooge. Because Marley’s ghost tried to warn Scrooge to change his ways so as not to end up like him. 5. He feels relieved because he was scared in his sleep and he is surprised and happy to have a chance to change his life, because it is only the next morning. 6. Scrooge changes his ways and becomes a better person.
Purpose To provide Ss with speaking practice using the target language.
Teaching Tip Acting their parts In their groups of four, get Ss to discuss what the ghosts and Scrooge would say and then write out their conversation. Remind them that when they act out the conversation, they each have to play their parts as each ghost is different and so is Scrooge. Ss should discuss how each of their characters should be portrayed before performing for the class.
Purpose To prepare Ss to write using the target language.
Teaching Tip Real or make-believe Some Ss may not be familiar with the term “pen pal” so the T may wish to explain what this is . For those who don’t actually have one, tell them to make someone up. Since the question states that it is an “English-speaking” pen pal, tell Ss to think of someone in a foreign land who speaks English. This need not necessarily be someone from the Western countries. Ask Ss to keep this person in mind as they work on the next two activities, as it may impact on what they include in their answers.
Answers Suggested answers: What is the name of the festival Spring FestivalWhen is it First day of the Chinese lunar calendarWhat do people eat niangao jiaozi fishWhat do people do Clean the house several days before the festival Prepare sticky rice for the Kitchen God Buy new clothes Have a reunion dinner with the family on the eve Visit relatives after the festival Give and receive “lucky” money to childrenWhy do you like it so much Enjoy meeting relatives Enjoy receiving “lucky” money Enjoy setting off firecrackers
Purpose To provide Ss with writing practice using the target language.
Optional Approach Majority wins As Ss may need some time to prepare their letters, allow them to do this as homework. Tell Ss they should be ready to share their letters by the time they come to class the next day. During the lesson, divide the Ss into six groups. In their groups, Ss will take
Optional Approach turns to read their letters out loud. When everyone is done, the listeners will then have to vote for the letter they liked the best. Tell Ss that they can vote for any letter but their own. The letter that gets the most number of votes will be the one to “represent” the group. The winning letter from each group will then be read out to the class.
Answers Sample writing: Dear Sue, My favorite Chinese festival is the Spring Festival. It is celebrated on the first day of the Chinese lunar calendar. Before the festival, our houses have to be cleaned and we need to buy new clothes for a new year’scoming. On the eve, my family goes to my grandparents’ home for a reunion dinner. Our family usually hasjiaozi, fish, niangao and a great many dishes. On the first day of our New Year, people wear their new clothes and visit family and friends. Children will receive red packets filled with “lucky” money. That’s one of my favorite parts of this festival. It’s my favorite festival because I enjoy spending time with my relatives. It makes me feel very happy and loved to be with my family! Yours truly, Mei Li
Purpose To provide a comprehensive review of key vocabulary and functions presented in the unit.
Teaching Tip Sharing answers Ss can attempt the first two parts of this activity on their own as those test individual knowledge. For the third part, get them to share the answers with three other Ss. This will ensure that they understand and knowhow to use the objective clauses.
Answers 1. between, and; lay; relatives; spread, around; give out; business 2. 1. How delicious the mooncakes are! 2. What fun will the festival be! 3. How boring this concert is! 4. How excited am I! 5. What loud music the band played! 3. Suggested answers: I think that mooncakes with yolks are more delicious than the ones without. I know that the shape of the mooncake symbolizes the full moon at mid-autumn. I believe that a clean house for the Spring Festival will bring good fortune to my family. I wonder whether we will have fireworks at the next Spring Festival.
. Optional Activity: Festivals from other countries
Purpose To help Ss master the target language and expand their vocabulary.
Materials Required Flip charts Markers
Procedure
1. On the board, write these three festivals: April Fool’s Day, St. Valentine’s Day, Thanksgiving.
2. Divide Ss into three groups.
3. Assign each group with one of the festivals written on the board.
4. In their groups, Ss are to brainstorm about everything they know about the festival that their group has been assigned.
5. Tell Ss that they will have to create a presentation about their festival using the details that the group has come up with. Remind them that their presentation should contain information that their classmates would be interested to know.
6. The T should walk around while the groups are discussing and creating their presentations and help them with the information where needed. The T may wish to
give Ss clues about their assigned festivals but should refrain from giving them the information directly. The T may find the following information useful:
● April Fool’s Day
This is a day when people play practical jokes on others. It is difficult to trace its roots but other festivals with a similar theme date back to Roman as well as medieval times. On thisday, some people plan elaborate pranks while others keep things small. At the end of the joke, the person who planned it will exclaim, “April’s Fool!” at the person(s) being tricked.
● St. Valentine’s Day
There are a number of stories surrounding the origins of this festival. The most popular is that Valentine was a Christian martyr (someone who is made to suffer or killed because of his beliefs, and is respected or admired by those who share his beliefs) who was later sainted. He was said to have been a bishop in Roman times who was imprisoned because he performed wedding ceremonies for soldiers who were forbidden to marry, and ministered to Christians who were being persecuted (treated unfairly because of their beliefs). While he was in jail, he healed his jailer’s daughter, and the story is such that before he died, he left her a note signed off with “From your Valentine” . However, it was only in the Middle Ages that Valentine’s Day became associated with romantic love and evolved into the tradition that lovers would express their feelings for each other on thisday.
● Thanksgiving
Celebrated mainly in the United States and Canada, this is a day forgiving thanks for the blessings received in the previous year. Many believe that the first Thanksgiving dinner was held in 1621 when the Pilgrims gave thanks for a bountiful harvest after a time of scarcity (shortage). This later became a tradition as the lands and the Pilgrims’ lives improved. Today, people would travel “home” to spend this holiday with their family members and this would often feature a celebratory feast where the main centerpiece is an oven-roasted turkey.
7. Provide Ss with flip charts and markers if they need these for their presentation.
8. Each group should take turns to present their information to the rest of the class.

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