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上海2024年六年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)新教材知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理
6AU3 Food
Food groups Viewing and listening
Lin Dong wants to cook something healthy for his mother on her birthday. 林東想在媽媽生日那天為她做一些健康的食物。
（1）something [ s mθ ] pron. 某事；某物
something是不定代詞，它所指代的對(duì)象不特定。其它不定代詞如：anything 任何事物 nothing 沒有什么 everything 每件事 等。
①修飾不定代詞的詞或短語，要置于其后。
e.g. He’s telling us something funny. 他正在給我們講一件好玩的事情。
Do you have anything to say 你還有什么可說的？
②不定代詞做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。
e.g. Something strange is following me. 有樣奇怪的東西在跟著我。
③表示委婉的疑問句中(通常會(huì)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，如Would, May, Could等)，希望得到對(duì)方的肯定回答時(shí)，要用something，而不用anything。
e.g. Would you like something to drink 你想要一點(diǎn)喝的么？
（2）cook [k k] v. 烹飪；煮；燒 n. 廚師；炊事員
【固定搭配】cook sth. for sb. 為某人烹飪.....；為某人做......(食物)=cook sb. sth.
e.g. Dad cooked me lunch.= Dad cooked lunch for me. 爸爸給我做了午餐。
【固定搭配】cook food for love 為愛烹飪食物 (U3 P41)
【固定搭配】cook food with sth. 用某物來烹飪食物
e.g. People cooked food with wood long ago. 很久以前人們用木頭(燒火)來烹飪食物。
【詞轉(zhuǎn)】cooker n. 炊具 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)：cooker不是廚師
electric cooker 電爐灶
【詞轉(zhuǎn)】cookery n. 烹飪術(shù)；烹飪；烹調(diào)
a cookery course烹飪課程
（3）on one’s/the birthday 在某人生日那天
表示“在某人......歲生日”時(shí)，可在birthday前加序數(shù)詞
e.g. on Ben’s twelfth birthday 在本12歲生日時(shí)
on my tenth birthday 我在10歲生日時(shí)
序數(shù)詞前也可加定冠詞the, 如on the twelfth birthday 在12歲生日時(shí)，但是冠詞和物主代詞或所有格不可以同時(shí)使用。
【錯(cuò)誤】on his the thirtieth birthday
【正確】on his thirtieth birthday
【正確】on the thirtieth birthday
He asks Wang Yiming for help. 他請(qǐng)求王一鳴的幫助。
ask sb. for help 請(qǐng)求某人的幫助
【同義】turn to sb. (for help) 向某人求助
e.g. Why don’t you ask him for help =Why don’t you turn to him (for help) 你為什么不向他尋求幫助？
【固定搭配】ask sb. for sth. 問某人要......；向某人征求......
He asked his mother for some pocket money. 他問他媽媽要了一些零花錢。
【固定搭配】ask sb. about sth. 就某事詢問某人
e.g. Miss Wang asked us about the sports meeting. 王老師詢問我們關(guān)于運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的事。
【固定搭配】ask sb. to do sth. 請(qǐng)求/要求某人做某事
e.g. Teachers ask us to do our homework on time. 老師要求我們按時(shí)完成作業(yè)。
Yiming shows Lin Dong the Food Guide Pagoda. 一鳴向林東展示了平衡膳食寶塔。
（1）復(fù)習(xí)U2 C板塊 show的用法
show [ ] v. 展示；顯示；表明；表現(xiàn)；出示 (showed-showed/shown)
n. 演出，歌舞表演；（電視或廣播）節(jié)目；展覽，展覽會(huì)
e.g. Will we need to show our passports 我們要出示護(hù)照嗎？
She’s the star of the show !她是這臺(tái)演出的明星！
【固定搭配】show sb. sth= show sth. to sb. 向某人出示/展示某物
e.g. Can you show me your basketball =Can you show your basketball to me 你能展示給我你的籃球么？
【固定搭配】on show 在展覽中
e.g. The latest computers will be on show at the exhibition. 最新型的計(jì)算機(jī)將會(huì)在展覽會(huì)上展出。
【固定搭配】show sb. around 帶領(lǐng)某人參觀
e.g. He will show us around his school.他將帶領(lǐng)我們參觀他的學(xué)校。
（2）the Food Guide Pagoda 指的是由中國疾病預(yù)防控制中心營養(yǎng)與健康所于2022年頒布的“中國居民平衡膳食寶塔”。它形象地展現(xiàn)了中國居民在營養(yǎng)上比較理想的基本食物構(gòu)成。寶塔區(qū)分5層，通過各層面積大小的不同體現(xiàn)5大類食物攝入量的差異。
A板塊多模態(tài)圖片
（1）beef [bi:f] n. 牛肉 [U]
e.g. Can I have a roast beef sandwich with vegetables, please 我能點(diǎn)一份帶蔬菜的烤牛肉三明治嗎？
【拓展】roast beef 烤牛肉 dried beef 牛肉干 beef steak 牛排
大多數(shù)情況下，肉類都是不可數(shù)的。meat 肉，肉類統(tǒng)稱 pork 豬肉 lamb 羊羔肉 mutton 羊肉 chicken 雞肉
（2）tofu [ t fu ] n. 豆腐 [U]=bean curd [ bi n k d]
e.g. Don’t forget to add some dried tofu to the soup. 別忘了在湯里加點(diǎn)豆腐干。
【拓展】mapo tofu 麻婆豆腐 dried tofu 豆腐干 stinky tofu 臭豆腐
（3）pepper [ pep (r)] n. 甜椒
英式英語：sweet pepper 甜椒
美式英語：bell pepper 甜椒 (因?yàn)殚L得像鈴鐺bell)
a. 一般來說，蔬菜完整的情況下，為可數(shù)名詞；但它們被切碎或掰開后則為不可數(shù)名詞。
e.g. I need to buy three peppers at the market. 我要去菜場買三只甜椒。
Today, I’ll cook fried beef with green pepper. 今天我要做青椒炒牛肉絲。
b. pepper解釋為“胡椒粉”的時(shí)候，為不可數(shù)名詞，是一種調(diào)料。
e.g. I will add a little pepper in my dish. 我要在我的菜里加一點(diǎn)胡椒粉。
【拓展】green pepper 青椒 red pepper 紅辣椒
（4）cabbage [ k b d ] n. 卷心菜
e.g. Do you like cabbage 你喜歡（吃）卷心菜么？[U]
Buy a cabbage and some tomatoes on your way home. 回家路上買顆卷心菜和幾個(gè)西紅柿。[C]
【拓展】Chinese cabbage 大白菜
（5）onion [ nj n] n. 洋蔥
e.g. When I cut onions, I always cry. 我切洋蔥的時(shí)候都會(huì)流淚。[C]
Fry the onion and garlic for about two minutes. 把洋蔥和大蒜一起煸炒兩分鐘左右。[U]
（6）carrot [ k r t] n. 胡蘿卜
e.g. Don’t forget to peel the carrots before you eat. 吃胡蘿卜之前別忘了削皮。[C]
How about fried port with carrot today 今天吃胡蘿卜炒肉好嗎？[U]
【拓展】carrot stick 胡蘿卜條
（7）watermelon [ w t mel n] n. 西瓜
e.g. These watermelons are so big. 這些西瓜也太大了吧。[C]
A small piece of watermelon for me is OK. 給我一小片西瓜就好。[U]
【拓展】watermelon juice 西瓜汁
（8）cucumber [ kju k mb (r)] n. 黃瓜
e.g. May I have three cucumbers, please 可以給我三個(gè)黃瓜么？[C]
There is cucumber in the sandwich. 這個(gè)三明治里有黃瓜。[U]
【拓展】sea cucumber 海參
（9）strawberry [ str b ri] n. 草莓 復(fù)數(shù) strawberries
e.g. Berries, such as blueberries, blackberries and cranberries are good for our health. 漿果，如藍(lán)莓、黑莓和蔓越莓對(duì)我們的健康有益。
其它水果：pear 梨 peach桃 apple 蘋果 apricot杏 plum 李子 mango 芒果
pineapple 菠蘿 dragon fruit 火龍果
（10）yogurt [ j ɡ t] n. 酸奶；一份酸奶
也可拼作yoghurt, 通常作不可數(shù)名詞使用。但也可以用a yogurt表示“一份酸奶”。
e.g. I usually have some yogurt for breakfast. 我早餐會(huì)喝一點(diǎn)酸奶。
There is a strawberry yogurt for you. 那兒有一份給你的藍(lán)莓酸奶。
【拓展】strawberry yogurt 草莓酸奶 plain yogurt 原味酸奶
（11）cheese [t i z] n. 干酪；奶酪 [U]
如要表示量，需要借助量詞。如：a piece of cheese 一塊奶酪
【拓展】cream cheese 奶油干酪 a cheese salad 奶酪沙拉 cheesecake 奶酪蛋糕
cheeseburger 奶酪漢堡
【拓展】(俚語) Look at the camera. Say, “Cheese!” 看鏡頭，說“茄子!”
（12）corn [k n] n. (小麥等)谷物；玉米
e.g. The corns are on sale in the supermarket. 今日超市玉米特價(jià)。[C]
We feed the chickens with corn. 我們用谷物喂養(yǎng)這些小雞。[U]
（13）salt [s lt] n. 鹽；食鹽 [U]
e.g. Salt and pepper are the perfect partners for making a simple salad. 鹽和胡椒粉是制作簡單沙拉的完美搭檔。
【詞轉(zhuǎn)】salty adj. 含鹽的；咸的
e.g. It tastes like salty fish. 這個(gè)吃起來就像咸魚。
（14）oil [ l] n. 食用油 [U]
e.g. We usually cook with vegetable oil in our family. 我們家通常用植物油做菜。
【拓展】olive oil 橄欖油 peanut oil 花生油 soybean oil 大豆油
Non-GMO(non-Genetically Modified Organism) soybean oil 非轉(zhuǎn)基因大豆油
（15）bean [bi n] n. 豆；豆科植物
e.g. Cook the beans with a piece of salt pork. 把豆子和一片咸豬肉一起煮。
【拓展】red bean 紅豆 green bean 青豆 soya bean=soybean 大豆
（16）product [ pr d kt] n. 產(chǎn)品；制品 bean product 豆制品
e.g. His ambition is to become a product designer. 他的志向是成為一名產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)師。
We have a new range of skin-care products. 我們有一系列新的護(hù)膚產(chǎn)品。
【詞轉(zhuǎn)】produce v. 生產(chǎn)；產(chǎn)生
e.g. A cow can produce 20-40 liters of milk every day. 一頭奶牛每天可以生產(chǎn)20-40升牛奶。
【詞轉(zhuǎn)】production n. 生產(chǎn)；產(chǎn)量
e.g. We have a complete set of production system.我們有一套完整的生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)
【詞轉(zhuǎn)】producer n. 生產(chǎn)商；制造商；制片人
e.g. Brazil is the world's largest producer of coffee. 巴西是世界上最大的咖啡生產(chǎn)國。
James was called to see the producer and got the job on the spot. 詹姆斯被叫去見那個(gè)制片人，當(dāng)即得到了那份工作。
always usually often sometimes seldom never
總是 通常 經(jīng)常，常常 有時(shí) 很少 從來不
Her favourite food is beef. She often has some beef for lunch. 她最喜歡的食物是牛肉。她常常會(huì)在午餐的時(shí)候吃牛肉。
（1）one’s favourite +n. 某人最喜歡的是......
e.g. Jessica’s favourite colour is yellow. 杰西卡最喜歡的顏色是黃色。
（2）often是表頻率的副詞之一，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的次數(shù)具有經(jīng)常性，頻率較高。頻度副詞按照頻率從高到低排列如下：
對(duì)于這些頻度副詞提問要用How often
（3）have...for breakfast/lunch/dinner 早餐/午餐/晚餐吃......
e.g. ---What shall we have for lunch 我們午餐吃點(diǎn)什么？
---Let’s have some pizza for lunch. OK 我們就吃點(diǎn)披薩當(dāng)午餐吧，好嗎？
What does “eat the rainbow” mean “吃彩虹”是什么意思？
rainbow [ re nb ] n. 虹；彩虹
e.g. A rainbow has seven colours of red, orange, yellow, green, indigo, blue
How to eat a healthy and balanced diet 如何吃健康均衡的飲食？
【詞匯】balanced adj.保持（或顯示）平衡的
A balanced diet gives you all the vitamins you need.
【提示】balance n.均衡；平衡 diet n.日常飲食；日常食物 on a diet節(jié)食；減肥
e.g. She decided to go on a diet before her holiday.
The Food Guide Pagoda shows us how much to eat from each food group every day.
平衡膳食寶塔向我們展示了每天不同類別食物的攝入量。
【詞匯】each det.&pron.(兩個(gè)或以上的人或物中)各自，各個(gè)，每個(gè)
e.g. Each answer is worth20 points.
【提示】each與every的區(qū)別 every強(qiáng)調(diào)全體的概念，與all相當(dāng)；each強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體概念。與almost、nearly 等連用時(shí)，常用every，不用each；和數(shù)詞連用時(shí)，也只用every。
every指三個(gè)以上的人或物（含三個(gè)）的“每個(gè)”，each指兩個(gè)以上的人或物(含兩個(gè))的“每個(gè)”。
e.g. There are trees on each side of the road.路的兩邊都有樹。
every只作形容詞，不可單獨(dú)使用；each可作代詞或形容詞，可單獨(dú)使用，也可接名詞，還可接of短語， e.g. I have read each of his books..（不能用every)
【詞匯】show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb.向某人展示某物；教某人某物
e.g. She showed her students the technique. (=She showed the technique to her students.)
【提示】how后面還常跟“疑問詞+帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。
plenty pron.大量
【詞組】plenty of大量；很多的
【提示】plenty of與a lot of、lots of的意思和用法相近，用于表示事物數(shù)量多，可修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。
e.g. We have plenty of eggs in the cupboard.（修飾可數(shù)名詞eggs）
There's plenty of room for all of you！（修飾不可數(shù)名詞room（地方；空間））
Healthy food choices Speaking 知識(shí)梳理
Healthy food choices健康的食物選擇
【詞匯】choice n. 選擇；挑選；抉擇
e.g. We are facing a difficult choice.
【提示】 make a choice between A and B在A和B之間做出選擇
e.g. In the past, women had to make a choice between a job and a husband.
choose v. (chose, chosen) 選擇；挑選；選取
list n.一覽表；清單
e.g. Is your name on the list
【提示】make a list of sth把…列個(gè)清單
shopping list n.購物清單
【詞匯】few det. & ad.不多；很少 (修飾可數(shù)名詞，表否定)
a few有些；幾個(gè)（用于可數(shù)名詞之前，表肯定）
【補(bǔ)充】little det.& ad.不多；很少(修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表否定)
a little有些；幾個(gè)（用于不可數(shù)名詞之前，表肯定）
-Thanks for coming, Yiming.-My pleasure.
【詞匯】pleasure n. 高興；快樂；愉快
e.g. He takes no pleasure in his work.
【詞組】My pleasure.不客氣，很樂意效勞。
My pleasure. 是對(duì)別人表示感謝的一種禮貌回答，也可以說成 “It's a pleasure.”, 但不能說成“It's my pleasure.”
e.g. -It's very kind of you to take some many gifts to us.-My pleasure/It's a pleasure.
I want to buy some ingredients for a dish.
【詞匯】ingredient n. (尤指烹飪)材料；成分
e.g. I don't have the ingredients for (making) a cake.
We make it with beef and a lot of vegetables. It's very tasty and healthy too.
【詞組】make sth with..用…來做…
e.g. Can you make a model house with the cardboard
【詞匯】tasty adj. 美昧的；可口的
e.g. Could you tell me how to make such tasty food
【近義】delicious adj.美味的；可口的 yummy adj. (多用于口語中)很好吃的
【提示】taste n.味道；滋味v.有…味道；嘗，品（味道）
have a taste of sth. 品嘗某事
- Do you need any beef - No, we have some in our fridge. But I'll also buy a bag of egg noodles.
【詞匯】need v.需要
【提示】need作為行為動(dòng)詞主要有以下兩種用法：
1)直接加名詞或代詞。如：
e.g. Do you need any help
Don't go. I may need you.
2)后接帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式。如：
e.g. I need to get some sleep.
She doesn't need to leave right now.
Good! Now, let's get what we need.
【句型】let's...讓我們…
【提示】let's后接動(dòng)詞原形，常用于提出建議，表示“讓我們（一起）…”的 意思。其否定形式是let's not do sth...
【表達(dá)】get what we need買我們需要的東西
【提示】get在這里表示“買；購買”或“去取”的意思，后面通常跟名詞作賓語。在這個(gè)句子中，what we need代替了原有名詞的位置，是一個(gè)賓語從句。這里我們只需要理解其含義，關(guān)于賓語從句的內(nèi)容會(huì)在八年級(jí)的學(xué)習(xí) 中具體了解。
如何表達(dá)感謝？
常用的表達(dá)感謝的句型有：
l. Thank you./Thanks！對(duì)于別人的付出或幫助，可以通過增加“for+名詞（短語）/動(dòng)詞-ing形式” 的方式來具體指明。
e.g. Thanks//Thank you for your help./Thanks for coming./Thank you for your wonderful gift.
2. Thanks so much./Thanks a lot./Thanks a bunch./Thanks a ton./Many thanks！非常感謝！
3. I don't know what to say！我不知道該說什么了！（通常在其后仍會(huì)加上 “Thank you.”)
4. That's very kind./It's very kind of you. 你太好了！你真的太客氣了！
5. You're the best.你是最好的！
6. To say thank you is not enough./ I can't thank you enough. 我對(duì)你感激不盡。
Food for Love--Reading
知識(shí)梳理
Lin Dong gives his mother a birthday surprise and shares the story on his blog.
林東給了他媽媽一個(gè)生日驚喜，并在他的博客上分享了這個(gè)故事。
【詞匯】surprise n.意想不到（或突然）的事；v.使驚奇；使詫異；使感 到意外
【詞組】in surprise吃驚地 be surprised at....對(duì)……感到吃驚 to one’s surprise令某人吃驚的是……
be surprised to do sth. 很吃驚的去做某事
e.g. I didn't know that my parents were coming-it was a lovely surprise.（作名詞）
We are going to give Ben a surprise birthday party.（作名詞，修飾后面的birthday party)
I didn't tell her I was coming home early-I thought I'd surprise her.（作動(dòng)詞）
【派生】surprised ad.驚奇的；驚訝的；感覺意外的 surprising adj.令人感到吃驚的
【詞匯】share“把自己的想法（或經(jīng)歷、感情）告訴（某人）”之意。
e.g. The two friends shared everything-they had no secrets.
【詞組】share ....with....和……分享
I wanted to cook a tasty and healthy dish for her as a birthday surprise.
【詞匯】 as prep.當(dāng)作；作為
e.g. They use their spare bedroom as an office.
Time to cook! 到時(shí)間做飯了！
【詞組】time to do sth. 是…的時(shí)候了；該做某事了
【提示】It's time to do sth/Time for +名詞/動(dòng)詞-ing形式/It's time for+名詞/動(dòng)詞-ing 是……（做）事情的時(shí)候
First, I added a little soy sauce to the beef. 首先，我在牛肉里加了一點(diǎn)醬油。
【詞組】add..to..在…中加入…；把…加到…中
e.g. Shall I add your name to the list
【詞組】a little(與不可數(shù)名詞連用)少量的，一些
【補(bǔ)充】few、little、a few與a little作形容詞的區(qū)別
a few 修飾可數(shù)名詞，一點(diǎn)，表肯定 a little 修飾不可數(shù)名詞，一點(diǎn)，表否定
few 修飾可數(shù)名詞，幾乎沒有，表否定 little 修飾不可數(shù)名詞，幾乎沒有，表否定
Then, I cut the vegetables into small pieces.然后，我把蔬菜都切成了小塊。
【詞匯】into表示狀態(tài)的變化
e.g. We can make the fruit into jam.
【提示】into常用的含義還有“到…里面；進(jìn)入”。
e.g. Come into the house.
【詞組】cut...into..把…切成…（形狀）
【提示】piece常用的含義還有“片：塊；段”。
e.g. There is a piece of wood.
Finally, I boiled the noodles as a side dish. 最后，我煮了面條當(dāng)作配菜。
【詞匯】finally adv. 最后
【近義詞組】at last最后；終于
【詞匯】boil v.煮沸；燒開
e.g. I'll boil the water and make some tea.
【詞匯】side n. 一邊；側(cè)面 side dish(隨同主菜一起上的)配菜
【詞組】on one side一方面 on the other side另一方面
I made it! 我成功了。
當(dāng)某人成功地完成了某個(gè)任務(wù)、克服某種困難時(shí)，常用I made it來表達(dá)自己“做到了；完成了”。
When Mum came home, I asked her to try my Rainbow Beef. 媽媽一到家，我就讓她嘗了嘗我的彩虹牛肉。
【詞匯】when此處為連詞，意為“當(dāng)…時(shí)；一…就”，用于連接兩個(gè)分句。由 when引導(dǎo)的這個(gè)分句在整個(gè)句子中作狀語，表示另一個(gè)分句中動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間。
e.g. I loved history when I was at school.
【詞組】ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事；請(qǐng)求某人做某事
e.g. Eric asked me to help him with his homework.
【詞匯】try此處為“試；試用”之意。
【詞組】have another try再試一次 try to do sth. 盡力去做某事 try doing sth.嘗試去做某事
She was a little surprised to see the dish, but she tried some and asked, “Where did you get the beef, Dong ”
她看到這道菜有點(diǎn)驚訝，但她嘗了一些，問道：“東東，你從哪里弄的牛肉？”
【詞匯】a little少許；少量；一點(diǎn)
【提示】此處的a little與第4條中的a little用法不同。本句中的a little 為副詞，用于修飾surprised, 表示“有點(diǎn)
驚訝”。
a little還可以用于修飾形容詞、動(dòng)詞等。修飾形容詞時(shí)置于形容詞前，修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)置于動(dòng)詞后。
e.g. It's a little hard to believe. 有點(diǎn)難以置信。（修飾形容詞hard)
We only had mutton！我們家只有羊肉！
【詞匯】mutton n.羊肉
e.g. This mutton has got a strong smell.
語法梳理
可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞(Countable nouns and uncountable nouns)
可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞
可數(shù)名詞是可以被計(jì)數(shù)的名詞。它們有
單數(shù)形式： book chair door
復(fù)數(shù)形式： books chairs doors
不可數(shù)名詞是無法進(jìn)行計(jì)數(shù)的名詞。它們有些
難以計(jì)數(shù)或根本數(shù)不清，如：sand(沙)，rice(米)，hair(頭發(fā))
難以拆分，如：water(水)，air(空氣)，smoke(煙霧)
表示抽象概念，如：happiness(快樂)，darkness(黑暗)，peace(和平)
關(guān)于可數(shù)名詞
用法 示例
單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞作主語，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞作主語，動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式 The match is very interesting. These apples taste delicious.
單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前需用限定詞 冠詞 a school an animal the ship
指示代詞 this cap that flat
用法 示例
單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前需用限定詞 物主代詞或名詞所有格 my schoolbag your arm Mum's idea
其他 every morning each student
復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞可單獨(dú)使用（表示泛指)） I like oranges. Strawberries are my favourite.
復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞也可加限定詞 冠詞 the fans
數(shù)詞 six chairs three desks
指示代詞 these supermarkets
物主代詞或名詞所有格 my shoes your shirts
表示數(shù)量詞 some pears
可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則 ：
名詞 變化規(guī)則 示例
大多數(shù)名詞 加-s cake→cakes girl→girls bus→buses fox→foxes
以-s、-x、-xs、-ch和-sh結(jié)尾 加-es class→classes watch-watches dish→dishes
以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾 去-y加-ies country→countries lady→ladies
以元音字母加-y結(jié)尾 加-s boy→boys play→plays
以-o結(jié)尾 有些加-s 有些加-es photo→photos video→videos radio→radios zoo→zoos potato→potatoes tomato-→tomatoes
以-f或-fe結(jié)尾 去-f/-fe，加-ves calf→calves leaf-leaves knife→knives life→lives
熟記下列名詞的不規(guī)則變化
man→men woman→women postman→postmen
foot→feet goose→geese tooth→teeth
child→children ox→oxen mouse→mice
fish→fish sheep→sheep
關(guān)于不可數(shù)名詞
用法 示例
不可數(shù)名詞作主語，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式 The sand is hot.
不可數(shù)名詞可單獨(dú)使用（表示泛指) This song is about love.
不可數(shù)名詞前也可用限定詞 定冠詞 the air
指示代詞 this fruit
物主代詞或名詞所有格 my money
表示數(shù)量詞 a little salt
兼作可數(shù)和不可數(shù)的名詞
有些名詞可作可數(shù)名詞，也可作不可數(shù)名詞。它們的含義會(huì)有差別。試比較：
可數(shù)用法 不可數(shù)用法
We ate three chickens. Shall we have some chicken
Two coffees, please. I don't drink coffee.
There's a hair in my rice. Mary has black hair.
可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量表達(dá)
非確切數(shù)量的表達(dá)
數(shù)量 可數(shù)名詞 不可數(shù)名詞
沒有 no
There are no chopsticks on the table. We have no money now.
少量 a few a little
I need a few pencils. I want a little sugar in my coffee.
一些 some(肯定)
There are some bananas in the bowl. There is some bread over there.
any(否定或疑問)
Are there any pears in the basket We don't have any time to tidy up.
大量 many much
There aren't many apples left. I can't lend you much money.
a lot of/lots of/plenty of
He's got a lot of/lots of friends. Is there plenty of paper in that box
詢問數(shù)量 how many how much
How many students are there in your class How much sugar do we need every day
確切數(shù)量的表達(dá)
數(shù)量 可數(shù)名詞 不可數(shù)名詞
使用數(shù)詞 an/one apple
使用數(shù)量單位 a bag of apples two kilos of coffee
常用的數(shù)量單位
數(shù)量單位 含義 示例
bar (長方形的)條：塊 a bar of chocolate
bottle 瓶 a bottle of water
bowl 碗 a bowl of rice
bunch 串 a bunch of bananas
can 聽 a can of cola
cup (咖啡、茶)杯 a cup of tea
glass (玻璃)杯 a glass of juice
jar (玻璃)罐 a jar of jam
litre 升 a litre of milk
packet (商品的)小包裝紙袋 a packet of crisps
piece 片；塊；段 a piece of bread
slice 薄片 a slice of paper
My healthy dish--Writing
知識(shí)梳理
Write a recipe for a healthy dish on TEEN-Land. 在“青少天地”上撰寫一份健康菜肴的食譜。
【詞匯】recipe n.食譜；烹飪法
To make this dish, you need two eggs, two tomatoes, some water, a little oil and salt.
做這道菜，你需要兩個(gè)雞蛋、兩個(gè)西紅柿、一些水、一點(diǎn)油和鹽。
【詞組】To make this dish是一個(gè)帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式短語，作表示目的的狀語。
e.g. You need a knife to cut the red paper. (To cut the red paper是need a knife的目的)
First, beat the eggs with chopsticks in a bowl. 首先，在碗里用筷子打雞蛋。
【詞匯】beat v.(用叉等)快速攪拌；打
e.g. Beat the flour and milk together.
【詞匯】chopsticks n.（pl.)筷子
【搭配】a pair of chopsticks一副筷子
【詞匯】bowl n.碗
Then, cut up the tomatoes and fry them in oil. 然后，把西紅柿切成小塊，在油里煸炒。
【詞組】cut up切碎；剁碎
【提示】相當(dāng)于cut...into small pieces。可以說cut up the tomatoes，也可 以說cut the tomatoes up。
After that, add in the eggs. 之后，倒入雞蛋。
【搭配】after that那以后，然后
【提示】after that和next、then等表示“之后；然后”的副詞可以替換使用。它們之間并沒有一定的先后出現(xiàn)的規(guī)則，其本身的含義就是表示“下一步”。
e.g. After that/Next/Then, put some milk in the coffee and stir with a spoon.
【詞組】add in把…加進(jìn)去；包括
e.g. Remember to add in the cost of drinks.
A healthy school lunch menu---project
Planning a healthy school lunch menu制定健康的學(xué)校午餐菜單
menu /'menju:/n.菜單
Let me have a look at the menu.讓我看一下菜單。
What's on the menu(=for dinner)tonight 今晚有什么菜
This is our menu for our school lunch. We design three dishes, a soup anda dessert for each day. For Monday, we have chicken, fish, vegetables, fruits and bean products. We choose them because they are in the Food Guide Pagoda. We know how much to eat in each food group in the pagoda. Students like fried chicken but it is not very healthy. So we choose grilled chicken. Mothers always say steamed fish is healthy so we also put it here. Also, Chinese people like bean products and we want students to eat more bean products too. Some students do not like eating fruits so fruit salad is a good choice.They don't need to eat a whole apple or pear but they can eat many different kinds of fruit at the same time. Do you like what we plan for Monday

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