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上海2024年七年級英語上冊新教材知識點整理
7AU1 Trying new things
Be curious Viewing and listening
Wang Yiming is looking at the pictures in a magazine and find some new things.
王一鳴正在看雜志上的圖片，找到了一些新鮮事物。
【詞轉】magazine n. 雜志
【短語】in a magazine 在雜志上(注意：內容在雜志上不能用on a magazine。)
e.g. He read an interesting story in a magazine.
test a talk light 測試”會說話的燈”
【詞轉】test v. 測試；檢測(此處用法)
n. 測試；測驗；檢測
【短語】test sth. 測試某物 e.g. The company wanted to test the new car.
have a test 做一次測試/檢測 e.g. The doctor told me to have a blood test.
in a test 在一次測驗中 e.g. Did you get a good mark in the test
try windsurfing 嘗試帆板運動
【詞轉】windsurf v. 做帆板運動
windsurfer n. 帆板；帆板運動員
try v./n. 嘗試
【短語】try doing sth. 嘗試做某事(多指新鮮的事物和方法)
try to do sth. 努力/盡力做某事(可能會遇到困難或失敗)
e.g. The Browns decided to try living in New York for half a year.
I’m trying to learn French, but it’s very difficult.
take up roof gardening 從事屋頂園藝
【短語】 take up 開始喜歡，開始從事
take (doing) sth. up 或take up (doing) sth.
e.g. I took dancing up for a while, but soon I lost interests.
【聯想】take in 吸收(初中階段多考察此含義)
take out 拿出
take off 脫下；起飛
【詞轉】roof n. 屋頂(復數：roofs)
gardening n. 園藝 e.g. My grandma always enjoys gardening.
roof gardening (=rooftop gardening) 屋頂園藝；屋頂綠化
go rock climbing 去攀巖
【短語】rock climbing 攀巖(復合詞，類似詞：snowboarding 滑雪 waterskiing 滑水)
go + doing 進行……活動
【聯想】go shopping go swimming go skating go camping go jogging go hiking
It’s so much fun. 這多么有趣。
【詞轉】fun [U] n. 有趣的事情(常與good和great連用，表示”極大的樂趣”)
adj. 有趣的；使人快樂的
e.g. The show is great fun for all the students.
【聯想】區分fun和funny：fun主要指名詞，指開心、愉悅的情緒；funny主要作形容詞，指某事物引人發笑，令人感到滑稽。
Do they have thoughts 它們有思想嗎
【詞轉】thought [C] n. 想法；思考；思想 (=idea)
think v. 思考；認為(think—thought—thought)
【聯想】think of 想起；認為 (What do you think of… )
think about 考慮
think over 反復思考
I carved a giraffe from bananas. 我用香蕉雕出一只長頸鹿。
【詞匯】carve v. 雕刻；刻
carve sth. out of/from sth. 從某物中雕刻出某物
e.g. The cook carved a swan out of a watermelon.
They’re amazing! 它們真是太棒了！
【詞轉】amazing adj. 令人驚喜、驚嘆的；神奇的(形容事物特征，多用來修飾事物)
amazed adj. 感到驚喜、驚嘆的(形容人的感情，多用來修飾人)
e.g. Our trip to Australia was amazing.
e.g. Visitors are amazed at the beautiful scenery.
Feelings 感受
【詞轉】feeling n. 感受
feel v. 覺得；感到；體會到 (多作系動詞，后＋形容詞)
【短語】a feeling of/feelings of
e.g. I have a feeling of guilt.
She didn’t feel safe walking alone in the dark street.
He thinks people are brave to do so. 他認為人們這么做很勇敢。
【詞轉】brave adj. 勇敢的
bravery n. 勇敢
e.g. It was brave of you to speak in front of so many people.
The firefighter’s bravery saved many lives.
He likes challenges. 他喜歡挑戰。
【詞轉】challenge n. 挑戰
challenging adj. 有難度的；具有挑戰性的
e.g. I love the physical challenge of climbing,
The job is very challenging, but it’s really rewarding.
【短語】face/meet a challenge 面臨一個挑戰
a big/huge challenge 一個巨大的挑戰
It’s a new machine. 這是一種新機器。
【詞轉】machine n. 機器
mechanic n. 機修工
【短語】washing machine 洗衣機
turn a machine on/off 開啟/關閉機器
She is very curious about it. 她對它很好奇。
【詞轉】curious adj. 感到好奇的
curiosity n. 好奇心
e.g. Bright children often have a lot of curiosity.
【短語】be curious about 對……好奇
e.g. John was curious about the new neighbour.
They are creative crafts. 它們是創意手工。
①【詞轉】creative adj. 有創意的；有創造力的
create v. 創造
e.g. She is very creative and loves to paint colourful pictures.
Philips Glass created a new kind of music.
②【詞轉】craft n. 手工；手工藝品 e.g. There are many old crafts in the museum.
craftsman n. 手藝人；工匠
【短語】craft shop 工藝品店
16. traffic light 交通燈
【詞轉】traffic [U] n. 交通
【短語】much traffic/heavy traffic 交通很擁堵
traffic jam 交通堵塞
e.g. There isn’t much traffic on the road. 路上交通不擁堵。
Just do it Speaking
1. member card 會員卡
【聯想】club member club 社團/俱樂部會員卡
2. The 3D printing club 3D打印社
【詞轉】printing n. 印刷；打印 e.g. Who was the inventor of the printing technology
print v. 打印 e.g. Let me print this letter out.
printer n. 打印機 e.g. My printer ran out of ink, so I couldn’t print my report.
3. I like building models. 我喜歡做模型。
【詞轉】build v. 制作；搭建 e.g. My father is going to build me a doll’s house.
building n. 建筑物；房屋
【短語】build a 3D house 造一幢3D模型
4. improve mu gardening skills 提高我的園藝技能
【詞轉】improve v. 改善；改進 e.g. You can improve your English next week.
improvement n. 改善；改進 e.g. I see a big improvement in my grades.
5. I like skating and camping. 我喜歡滑冰和露營。
【詞轉】camp v. 露營 e.g. We’ll camp by the river for the night.
n. 營地；度假營 e.g. The camp has activities like hiking, fishing and boating.
【短語】go camping 去露營
summer camp 夏令營
winter camp 冬令營
6. What made you join the roof gardening club 你為什么加入了屋頂園藝社
【短語】make sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事
e.g. I like Michael because he always makes me laugh.
【聯想】make, let, have都可以表示”讓；使得”之意，后跟省略to的不定式
即：make ab. do sth. =have sb. do sth. =let sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事
7. I really love watching plants grow. 我真的很喜歡看著植物生長。
①【短語】watch … do 看著……做了某事 (強調整個動作的完成)
watch … doing 看著……正在做某事 (強調動作正在進行，不一定看到了整個動作)
e.g. I watched him go, and then I went home. (看到他回家的整個動作)
I watched him painting the house. (看到他正在粉刷房子，并沒看到開始和結束的時候)
②【詞匯】grow vi. 生長(此處含義)； vt. 種植
【短語】grow up 長大
grow strawberries/potatoes/cabbages 種草莓/土豆/卷心菜
【聯想】grown adj. 成熟的；長大了的 e.g. grown children 長大的孩子們
8. We learn about all sorts of plants and how to care for them. 我們學習各種植物知識以及如何照料它們。
①【短語】learn about 學習(關于……的知識等)；了解；知道
e.g. He learned about his new job by telephone yesterday.
②【短語】all sorts of 各種各樣的
e.g. I like all sorts of food——I’m not fussy(挑食的).
【聯想】同義：all kinds of 各種各樣的
③【短語】care for 照料；照看 =take care of =look after
e.g. The nurses in the hospital care for him well.
【聯想】care for 還表示”喜歡”。
e.g. I don’t much care for potatoes.
9. I’m getting hungry! 我餓了！
①【詞匯】get v. 變得(系動詞，后+形容詞)
e.g. Eat your dinner before it gets old.
【聯想】3gbt: get, go, grow, become, turn都可以作系動詞，表示”變得”，后加形容詞
②【詞匯】hungry adj. 饑餓的 e.g. By ten o’clock I felt really hungry.
hunger n. 饑餓 e.g. Animals in the wild sometimes die of hunger.
10. You will never go hungry if you join the roof gardening club! 如果你加入屋頂園藝社，你永遠不會餓肚子！
①【短語】go hungry 挨餓 (此時go為系動詞，后常加形容詞，表”變化、趨勢”)
e.g. Her hair is going grey.
②【句型】…will…if…和If…, …will…句型中的if表示”如果”，引導條件狀語從句，表示假設，主將從現。主句一般將來時，從句用一般現在時。
e.g. We will know what to do if Dad is here.
If it rains, we will stay at home.
Never give up Reading
1. Solar stickers to power the world. 太陽能貼紙為世界供能。
①【詞匯】solar adj. 太陽能的；太陽的
【短語】solar panel 太陽能電池板
solar energy 太陽能
solar system 太陽系 (此處solar意為：太陽的)
②【詞匯】sticker n. 貼紙 e.g. Children get stickers for good work.
stick v. 粘貼 (stick—stuck--stuck) e.g. Someone stuck posters all over the walls.
n. 木棍；棍棒；拐杖 e.g. They collected sticks to start the fire.
③【詞匯】power v. 驅動；提供能源；提供動力 e.g. The machine is powered by four engines.
n. 能源；影響力；權力
powerful adj. 強有力的；力量大的 e.g. He gave a powerful speech.
2. It makes us warm and brings us renewable energy. 它讓我們感到溫暖，并為我們帶來可再生能源。
①【詞匯】renewable adj. 可再生的 e.g. Wind power is a renewable source of energy.
【聯想】renewable詞根new; 前綴re-表示”又、再”，如reuse再利用，review復習、再看一遍；
后綴-able表示”可……的”，如：countable可數的，washable可清洗的
②【詞匯】energy n. 能量
energetic adj. 精力充沛的
3. We often discuss how wonderful it will be to collect and use solar energy everywhere. 我們經常討論，如果到處都能采集并使用太陽能，那將是多么美好的事情。
①【詞匯】discuss v. 討論 e.g. She discussed the idea with her parents.
discussion n. 討論 e.g. Let’s have a discussion about our favourite books.
②【詞匯】everywhere adv. 到處 e.g. I’ve looked everywhere but I can’t find the dictionary.
4. However, many people thought it was impossible. 然而，許多人認為這是不可能的。
【詞匯】impossible adj. 不可能的 e.g. The noise made sleep impossible.
possible adj. 可能的 e.g. Computers make it possible for people to work from home..
5. The solar panel is made of solar cells on a very heavy glass holder. 太陽能電池板由太陽能電池組成，而這些太陽能電池要放在非常重的玻璃支架上。
①【短語】be made of 用……制作的 e.g. The shirt is made of cotton(棉花).
②【詞匯】holder n. 支托(或握持)……之物；持有人
【聯想】hold v. 支持；容納；堅持
hold on 別掛電話；等一下
candle holder 燭臺
6. We failed many times to make it light, until pizza gave us an idea. 我們多次嘗試使其變輕都失敗了，直到比薩餅給了我們一個靈感。
①【詞匯】fail v. 失敗；未通過 e.g. Doctors failed to save the girl’s life.
failure n. 失敗；挫折；不及格 e.g. Failure is the mother of success.
【短語】fail to do sth. 沒能做某事
fail an exam 考試不及格
fail in Maths 數學不及格
【聯想】反義詞：succeed v. 成功—success n. 成功
manage to do sth. 成功做某事=succeed in doing sth.
②【詞匯】pizza [U] n. 比薩餅；意大利薄餅
【聯想】a piece of pizza 一塊比薩餅
7. One night , we went for pizza after work and one of us got burnt by moving the pan. 一天晚上，我們下班后去吃比薩餅，其中一個人挪動餅盤時被燙傷了。
①【短語】go for pizza 去吃比薩餅
【聯想】go for a drink 去喝一杯
go for a walk 去散個步
②【短語】get burnt 被燙傷
(1)burn (burn--burnt/burned—burnt/burned) v. 燃燒；燙傷；燒
e.g. Parts of the buildings are burning.
(2)get + adj. : get為系動詞，表示”遭受(某種不良情況)”；也可指被動態。如get hurt(被傷害)、get stolen(遭竊)
③【詞匯】pan n. 平底鍋；盤
【聯想】baking pan烤盤 frying pan煎鍋
8. It’s heavy and troublesome！ 它又重又麻煩！
【詞轉】troublesome adj. 令人煩惱的；麻煩的 e.g. Tim is a troublesome kid.
trouble n. 麻煩；問題；困難 e.g. We’re having trouble with money these days.
v. 使憂慮；使煩惱；打擾 e.g. Sorry to trouble you, but could you tell me the time
【短語】have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有麻煩/困難
【聯想】troublesome中后綴-some表示”具有……性質/特征”的形容詞，如：awesome(令人敬畏的)，lonesome(孤獨的)
9. Luckily, we have a paper box to take the pizza home. 幸好，我們有一個紙盒可以把比薩餅帶回家。
【詞轉】luckily adv. 幸好—unluckily adv. 不幸地(副詞，修飾整個句子)
luck n. 運氣
lucky adj. 幸運的—unlucky adj. 不幸的
【聯想】fortunately adv. 幸好
e.g. Fortunately, everything was not damaged by the earthquake.
10. “Paper box.. Wait!” shouted someone else excitedly,… “紙盒……等等！”另一個人興奮地喊道……
【詞轉】excitedly adv. 興奮地 e.g. Mary was talking to her friend excitedly.
excited adj. 感到興奮的(修飾人的感受)
exciting adj. 令人興奮的、激動的(修飾事物特征)
【短語】be excited about sth. 對某事充滿興奮
be excited to do sth. 興奮地做某事
e.g. The students are excited about the field trip to the museum,
When we get home, out pet dog is always excited to see us.
11. Why not put a layer between the holder and solar to separate them 為什么不在支架和太陽能電池之間加一層隔層將其分開呢
①【詞匯】layer n. 層；層次 e.g. There are several layers of meaning in the story.
lay v. 放置；平放；下(蛋)；產(卵)； (lay—laid--laid)
v. lie的過去式 (躺, 位于) (lie—lay--lain)
【聯想】lay the table
lay eggs
②【詞匯】separate v. 隔開；分離 e.g. The teacher separated the students into four groups.
adj. 分開的；不同的 e.g. The wins live in separate rooms.
12. After countless tries, we succeeded. 經過無數次的嘗試，我們成功了！
①【詞匯】countless adj. 無數的；數不盡的
count v. 數
countable adj. 可數的—uncountable adj. 不可數的
【聯想】account n. 賬戶；賬號
accountant n. 會計
②【詞匯】try n. 嘗試(此處意思，復數tries)
【短語】have another try 再試一次
③【詞匯】success n. 成功—反義詞：failure n. 失敗
succeed v. 成功
successful adj. 成功的—unsuccessful adj. 不成功的
successfully adv. 成功地—unsuccessfully adv. 不成功地
【短語】成功做某事：succeed in doing sth.
= be successful in doing sth.
= do sth. successfully
= manage to do sth.
13. Hopefully, one day we can stick these solar cells to the sides of buildings, cars and bags. 希望有一天，我們能把這些太陽能電池貼在建筑物、汽車和包地表面。
【詞匯】hopefully adv. 有希望地
hopeful adj. 有希望的—hopeless adj. 無希望的
hope v./n. 希望
【聯想】hope to do sth. 希望做某事 e.g. I hope to be a scientist in the future.
hope (that) sb. can/will do sth. e.g. I hope (that) he will/can have a good grade in the coming Maths test.
14. Put on a device. 放在設備上
【詞匯】device n. 設備；儀器；裝置
e.g. The company makes a device for separating metal(金屬) from rubbish.
15. Take the layer away 將隔層拿走
【詞匯】away adv. 離開；(距……遠)e.g. Sarah is away on holiday.
【短語】away from 離開；離……遠 e.g. She is sitting ten feet away from me.
take away 拿走=remove e.g. Take away these chairs./Take these chairs away. –we don’t need them.
注意：take away與代詞連用時，代詞只能放中間。
e.g. You can take it away now.
【語法梳理】 英語句子成分與五大基本句型
一、句子成分：
主語（Subject）：動作的實施者，一般放在句首。
I am a nurse.
Her room is on the second floor.
謂語（Predicate）：描述主語的動作或狀態。
She works in a hospital.
He is a doctor.
賓語（Object）：表示動作的承受者。
Everybody knows her.
She bought me a gift.
(雙賓語：me間接賓語，a gift直接賓語)
表語（Predictive）: 接在系動詞之后的成分。
She is kind. / They are students.
定語（Attribute）：修飾名詞、代詞等的成分。
Her hospital isn’t very big.
But everyone in the hospital works hard.
狀語（Adverbial）：修飾動詞、形容詞或副詞的成分。
She goes to work very early.
She feels really happy.
二、五大詞類及其在句子中的作用：
1. Nouns (n.) 名詞：主語(S)，賓語(O)，表語(Predicative)
2. Verbs (v.) 動詞：謂語(Predicate)
（vt. 及物動詞 / vi. 不及物動詞 / link v.系動詞）;
3. Pronouns (pron.) 代詞：主語，賓語，表語等;
Kate has a piano.
S P O
She is silent.
S P P
4. Adjectives (adj.) 形容詞：定語(At.) 表語 （P）
The flower is beautiful.
This is a beautiful flower.
5. Adverbs (adv.) 副詞：狀語（Ad.)
He runs fast.
We are really hungry.
三、五大基本句型
1. 主 + 謂
該句型的謂語動詞是不及物動詞（intransitive verb），所表示的動作沒有作用對象，其本身的意思完整，其后不需帶賓語。在詞典中表示為vi.。我們以下句為例來進行思維分析：
e.g. He died.
The bus is coming.
He runs quickly.
They work hard.
2. 主 + 謂 + 賓
該句型的謂語動詞是及物動詞（transitive verb），這種動詞告訴我們由主語發出的動作所作用的對象是什么，這里所作用的對象就是我們通常稱之為賓語的，即賓語是主語動作的承受對象，因此這類動詞是帶有賓語的。英文中的絕大多數動詞都是及物動詞，在詞典中標為vt.。我們以下句為例來進行思維分析：
e.g. I love you.
He saw a bird in the tree.
My sister enjoys the song very well.
Tom is playing football now.
I like playing games on the Internet.
3. 主 + 系 + 表
該句型的謂語動詞是系動詞（如be 或其他系動詞）。所謂系動詞，又叫聯系動詞（linking verb），顧名思義，這種動詞并不表示具體的動作，而只是起連接主語和后面成分的作用。這種動詞后面所接的成分是用來說明主語的特點，表明主語的性質特征的，因此我們稱之為主語補足語，或表語（能表示主語特征的成分）。我們以下句為例來進行思維分析：
【謂系動詞】：be (am, is, are) 感官系動詞：look, sound, smell, taste, feel
【變化系動詞】：become, get, turn, grow
e.g. I am a boy.
Tom is happy.
She looks beautiful.
The sky turns red.
4. 主 + 謂 + 賓 + 賓
該句型的謂語動詞是雙賓動詞（dative verb），這種動詞的后面所接成分有“人”又有“物”。一般來講，這里的“人”表示動作的接受者，稱作間接賓語（indirect object）。“物”表示動作作用的對象，是動作的承受者，稱作直接賓語（direct object）。間接賓語和直接賓語合起來叫做雙賓語。
請看例句：
e.g. I gave him a book.
Lucy told me a story.
Chatting online will bring you a lot of fun.
5. 主 + 謂 + 賓 + 補
該句型中的謂語動詞是賓補動詞（factitive verb），這種動詞的后面接賓語，而此賓語的后面又接補充說明賓語的補足語（object complement）。賓語和賓語補足語合起來叫做復合賓語。請看例句：
e.g. You make me happy.
I found this answer wrong.
You can make the door open.
【當堂檢測】
一、分析句子成分
1. Plants need water.
2. The flower is so nice.
3. They work hard.
4. He sends me some books.
5. We shouldn't keep the room in a mess.
6. Her father looks young.
7. She teaches us English.
8. The children are jumping and laughing happily.
9. Our teacher asked us to discuss the questions in pairs.
10. He often tells me some interesting stories.
二、指出下列句子中的間接賓語和直接賓語。
1. Can you bring me your photos here tomorrow
2. I will buy Tom a birthday gift.
3. Will you show me your passport
4. Kate has taught Linda an English lesson.
5. I gave him some help.
三、指出下列句子中的賓語補足語
1. The teacher told the students not to be late for school again.
2. My mother wants me to help her with the housework.
3. I found the film interesting.
4. The police asked the children not to swim in the river.
5. Now, we can hear the birds singing.
6. She found herself in the hospital when she woke up.
Be creative Writing
1. My grandma uses a stick to walk. 我奶奶用拐杖走路
【短語】use sth. to do sth. 用……做某事
= use sth. for doing sth.
e.g. Many people now use their cars to go shopping.
=Many people now use their cars for going shopping.
【聯想】be used to do sth. 被用來做某事 e.g. A watch is used to tell the time.
=be used for doing sth. 被用來做某事 e.g. A watch is used for telling the time.
be used doing sth, 習慣于做某事 e.g. He is used swimming once a week.
used to do sth. 過去常常做某事=often did e.g. Tony used to play with Tom when they were young.
2. One day, I thought, why not put the stick and the umbrella together 有一天，我想，為什么不把拐杖和傘合二為一呢
①【用法】Why not do sth…. 為什么不做…
【聯想】建議表達句型：Why not do sth e.g. Why not use your car
= What/How about doing sth. e.g. What/How about using your car
=Why don’t you/we do sth. e.g. Why don’t we use your car
=Let’s do sth, (shall we ) e.g. Let’s use you car, shall we (此時主語是we)
=Shall we do sth. e.g. Shall we use your car (此時主語是we)
②【短語】put…together 把……放在一起；把……組合起來；將……合二為一
e.g. She put together a puzzle.
3. I put an umbrella on the handle of the stick. 我把傘裝在拐杖的把手上。
【詞匯】handle n. 把手 e.g. She turned the handle and slowly opened the door.
v. 處理，應對 =deal with e.g. Jason handled the situation(情形) very well.
4. She is proud of me and I feel very happy! 她以我為榮，我也感到非常開心！
【詞匯】proud adj. 驕傲的，自豪的
pride n. 驕傲；自豪 e.g. I felt a sense of pride when I accept the award.
【短語】be proud of 為……驕傲 e.g. Miss Li is very proud of her class.

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