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U1知識點梳理
復合不定代詞（詞尾帶有-one,-body, -thing,-where)的用法
指人（-one/-body) 指物(-thing) 指地點(-where)
someone (somebody) something somewhere ---- 用于肯定句，表請求或建議的問句
anyone(anybody) anything anywhere --- 于否定句或普通問句
no one (nobody) nothing nowhere ---用于肯定句
everyone(everybody) everything everywhere ---多用于肯定句，也可能用于否定句
不定代詞的五個考點：
（1）不定代詞+形容詞（即形容詞放后）（翻譯時跟漢語的語言順序是反的）
I want to eat something delicious.我想吃美味的東西。
He wants to go somewhere warm.他想去暖和的地方。（注意：有where，go后不要to)
She met someone interesting.她遇見了有趣的人。（注意：interesting令人感興趣的，可指人)
(2)不定代詞+ 不定式(to do) （即后+ to do）
Would you like something to drink 你想要些喝的東西嗎？ something to eat喝的東西
(3)不定代詞作主語，當三單。我的手表有問題了（壞了）
Something is wrong（錯誤的) with my watch.
=There is something wrong (錯誤的東西）with my watch.(=My watch doesn’t work.)
No one(= Nobody) knows his real name.沒有人知道他真實的姓名。
(4)nothing=not ...anything
I bought nothing for myself.=I didn’t buy anything for myself..我什么也沒買我自己。
(5)Money isn’t everything.錢不是一切。（此句雖然是否定句，但不用anything.)
2.few少 (1) few +可數(shù)名詞（復數(shù)）
(2)few +可數(shù)名詞（復數(shù)） 表否定 “很少，幾乎沒有 ”
但：a few +可（復）表肯定“一些”“幾個”
He is new here and he has few good friends.他是新來這里的，他朋友很少很少。
He is new here but he has a few good friends.他是新來這里的，但是朋友有一些。
區(qū)別A.quite a few+可（復） “相當多的... ”He has quite a few friends , so he is very happy.
B. quite a lot 相當多 I learned quite a lot from the farmer.
C.quite a lot of ...+可（復）/+不可數(shù) 相當多的...There were quite a lot of animals on the farm.
D.quite hot相當熱 (quite+ 形/副 相當...)
most
最多 many / much 多------more更多的----most最多
大多數(shù) most of the students /most students大多數(shù)學生 most of us我們中的大多數(shù)
most of the time大多數(shù)時間 He plays computer games most of the time on weekends.
(3)at most+ 數(shù)字 最多不過... He has breakfast at most three times a week.（at least...至少...）
3.hen母雞 duck鴨 pig豬 bird鳥 復數(shù)：+s
4.seem動詞“似乎，好像”---seems三單 -----seemed過去式
(1)人+seem +形容詞: He seemed happy yesterday.昨天他好像很開心。
(2) 人+seem to be+ 形容詞: =He seemed to be happy yesterday.
(3)It seems that +句子（主+動詞）It seemed that +句子（主+動詞過去式）似乎,好像，看上去...
=It seemed that he was happy yesterday.（過去式前后一致）
(4)同義句He seemed to know me.=It seemed that he knew me.
5. enjoy動詞“喜愛，享受...樂趣” 喜愛做某事enjoy doing sth
enjoy+able=enjoyable 形容詞（后+名詞或放be后） “令人愉快的，有樂趣的”
We can’t forget the enjoyable train ride.我們忘不了這令人愉快的火車旅程。
6.boring乏味的，枯燥的，令人厭煩的(ing指物)—bored厭倦的，煩悶的（ed人）
The boring bus ride made us feel bored.這乏味的客車旅程讓我們感到煩悶。
7.activity活動----復數(shù)：activities
There are many after-school activities on Thursday.在周四有很多課后的活動。
8. diary日記---復數(shù)diaries keep a diary=keep diaries記日記
He likes keeping diaries every day.Look,he is writing a diary.他喜歡每天記日記。看，他正在寫呢。
9.Sure.=Of course.當然
10．反身代詞（...自己）反身代詞用oneself代
我自己myself 你自己yourself 她自己herself 他自己himself它自己 itself
我們自己ourselves 你們自己yourselves 他們自己themselves
用法：(1). enjoy oneself 玩得高興=have a good time=have fun=play happily
They enjoyed themselves.=They had a good time.=They had fun.=They played happily.
(2).I bought a small gift for myself.我給我自己買了一個小禮物。
(3).by oneself靠某人自己,單獨，獨自The boy made the model plane by himself.
(4)help oneself+直接加食物名稱“隨便吃（喝）...”
Help yourself to apples, Tom. Help yourselves to apples, Tom and David.
(5)teach oneself sth=learn sth by oneself自學
（6）say to oneself自言自語
11.decide 動詞“決定”----過去式decided----decision名詞“決定”（make a decision作決定）
決定做某事decide to do sth 決定不做某事decide not to do sth
I decided to go shopping after school. He decided not to go swimming in the afternoon.
12．try 嘗試，設法，盡力-----過去式tried
(1)try to do sthh 盡力做某事 try one’s best to do sth 盡某人最大努力去做某事
I will try my best to learn English well. 我將盡最大努力學好英語。
try doing嘗試做某事 I tried swimming but I couldn’t swim well.我試著游泳但游不好。
Let me try. 讓我試試。Have a try！試試吧！ Try again.再試一試。
13.feel感覺，覺得----過去式felt----feeling名詞“感覺”“感受”
（1）feel sb doing sth感覺某人正在做某事 They felt something moving.他們感覺到某物在動。
(2)feel sb do sth感覺某人（經(jīng)常）做某事 I often feel him play with something in class.
(3)feel like A.感覺像... I felt like I was a bird.
B.feel like doing 想要做某事=want to do sth =would like to do sth
I don’t feel well. So I don’t feel like eating anything.我感覺不舒服（好）我不想吃任何東西。
(4)feel + 形 感到...The good news made me feel very excited.這好消息讓我非常激動。
14.build動詞“建筑，建造”//名詞“體格，身材”---built過去式
building名詞“建筑物，大樓”（復+s）
I am of medium build. (be of medium build中等身材/be of medium height中等身高)
Last year they built a new bridge over the big river.去年他們在這條大河上修造了一座新橋。
There are many tall buildings in our school.
(建筑物.人與樹的高用tall，風箏飛得高/人跳得高用high)
15.boss老板 trader商人
16.(1)wonder動詞“想知道(=want to know)，納悶” ----wondered過去式
I wonder when we will leave for Beijing我想知道我們什么時候動身去北京。.
(2)wonder名詞“奇觀，奇跡”(+s)
There are many wonders in the world.有很多世界奇觀。
(3)wonder+ful=wonderful形容詞“精彩的”The basketball game is wonderful!
17.(1)different形容詞“不同的differently副詞“不同地difference名詞“不同點，不同之處”
(2) A be different from B A與B不同
describe the same person differently(動+副,be+形)描述同一個人都描述得不一樣
（3）different----difference (t 變?yōu)閏e 再+s)
There are three differences between the two pictures.在這兩幅圖之間有三處不同。
18.top頂部，表面 at/on the top of ...在...的頂部 at the foot of ...在...的腳下
19.（1）wait動詞“等待，等候”---waited過去式
（2）waiter男服務員 waitress女服務員
(3)wait for sb 等... They are waiting for the bus now.他們正在等客車。
(4) wait at sp在某地等They are waiting _____the bus stop.他們正在車站等。(at)
20.umbrella 傘, 雨傘an umbrella一把雨傘
You can take an umbrella with you.你可以隨身帶一把雨傘。
21.wet潮濕的-----干旱的 dry
22.because 因為 (+句子（主+動）) because of （因為，由于）（+名詞短語）
We had to stay at home because it rained heavily(rain heavily=rain hard雨下得大）.
=We had to stay at home because of the heavy rain.（這場大雨）
23.below在下面（放名詞后） Look at the pictures below.看下面的圖片。
24.enough足夠的，充足的，充分的 (1)enough +名詞 足夠的... enough time/money
(2)形容詞/副詞+enough 足夠... 足夠大:old enough （與漢語相反）
(3)not...enough to do sth不夠...做某事
He is not old enough to go to school.他不是足夠的大去上學。
=He is too young to go to school.他太小以致于不能上學。
=He is so young that he can’t go to school.他是如此小以致于不能上學。
25.（1）hungry饑餓的----full飽的,滿的
I am hungry.=I feel hungry.我餓了。 I am full.我吃飽了。
Next week is full for me.=I am busy next week.下周我忙。
(忙：be busy 忙于...be busy with 忙于做...be busy doing)
(3) be full of...充滿了...擠滿了...裝滿了...
My school life is full of joy.(我的學校生活充滿了歡樂）
The school bus is full of students.（校車上擠滿了學生）
26.as像一 樣，如同
(1) (be/ look ) the same as...與...相同/一樣-------反be different from...與...不同
Picture 1 looks the same as Picture 2.
work as ...作為，當... He works as a waiter in the restaurant.
He wants to work as a soldier.=He wants to be a soldier.他想成為一名戰(zhàn)士。
(3) as+原級（形容詞）+as as long as 一樣長 as tall as一樣高 as old as一樣大
A + be+as+原級（形容詞）+as+B A與B一樣... (be+形容詞)
A +動詞 +as+原級（副詞）+as+B A與B一樣...得...(動+副詞)
This umbrella is as big as that one. He jumps as high as his father.
He works as ____(hard)as his sister.He gets to school as___( late) as his sister.
（hard, late本身是副詞，不再+ly) ( 填：hard, late)
As a teacher,... 作為一名教師，...
As for fruit，... 至于...方面As for fruit, I like apples best.至于水果，我最喜歡蘋果。
like動詞“喜歡”/名詞“喜好”(+s)----dislike 動詞“不喜歡”/名詞“厭惡”(+s)
Nobody knows his likes and dislikes.沒有人知道他的好惡。
like doing / like to do sth dislike doing / dislike to do sth
dislike=don’t like // doesn’t like disliked過去式= didn’t like
28.三大同義句：（1）sb be+so+形+that+句子 如此...以致于...
The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.這個男孩是如此小以致于他不能去上學。
sb be +too+形+to do sth 太...以致于不能...
The boy is too young to go to school.
sb be not +形+enough to do 不是足夠的...做某事
The boy is not old enough to go to school.
幾個句子：（1）Bye for now.就此別過。（=Bye.=Goodbye.再見）
The only problem is that+句子 唯一的難題是...
The only problem was that I didn’t have enough money.唯一的難題是我錢不夠。
We waited over an hour for the train.我們等火車等了一個多小時。
(4)We walked for another two hours before getting to the top.在到達山頂之前我們又走了兩小時。
another+數(shù)字+名= 數(shù)字+more+名 another two hours=two more hours另外兩小時
Everyone took a bag with food and water.每個人都背著（帶去了）一個裝有食物和水的包。
My classmate told me to keep going, so I went on.
tell sb to do sth叫某人做某事 keep doing 堅持做某事
go on繼續(xù)： go on doing sth繼續(xù)做原來的事情 go on to do sth繼續(xù)做另一件事
go on with sth繼續(xù)做某事(原來的）
Twenty minutes later,the sun started to come up.二十分鐘后，太陽開始升起來了。
時間段+later=after+時間段 twenty minutes later= twenty minutes later （20分鐘后）
find---過去式found （1）find it +形 to do 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事...
I found it hard to learn to swim last year.去年我發(fā)現(xiàn)學游泳困難。
find out 查明，弄清楚 / find 找到 /look for尋找...
Let’s find out who cleaned the room last night.
He looked for his watch every where but he couldn’t find it.
after three hours三小時后= three hours later
for a long time= for long很久 He cooked the soup for a long time.
He didn’t bring back anything. 他沒帶回來任何東西。=He brought back nothing.
(動+back ...回, 回...) go back to school返校，返回到學校=return to school
keep---- 過去式kept
keep+形: keep healthy保持健康 keep quiet保持安靜 keep clean保持干凈
keep+名+形: 保持某物... We should （應該）keep our classroom clean.
keep doing sth 堅持（保持）做某事 :He keeps running every morning.他堅持每天跑步。
the first time第一次 the last time最后一次 first name名 last name姓
the first few years頭幾年 the last five hours最后五小時（剛過去的五小時）
區(qū)別幾個看：look at the map看地圖 look at the picture看圖片（看...look at...)
read a book, read a newspaper, read a magazine
watch TV, watch a soccer game , watch a movie
see pandas, see Huangguoshu Waterfall, see a movie(see a film),see friends

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