資源簡介

(共32張PPT)
2025 河南中招核心語法系統復習
專項 介詞和介詞短語
考點精講
高分分層提優練
一、介詞的用法
1.表時間
（1）辨析in，on與at
用法 示例
in 用于世紀、年代、年、 月、季節或泛指一天的上 午、下午、傍晚、白天等 in the 21st century在21世紀；
in 2021在2021年；in spring在春天；
in the morning在早上
用法 示例
on 用于具體某一天 （如：幾月幾日、星期 幾、節日等）或某一天的 上午、下午、晚上前 on September 1st在9月1日；
on Monday在周一；
on National Day在國慶節；
on Saturday morning在周六上午
at 用于具體時間點前或黎 明、正午、黃昏、午夜前 at one o’clock在一點；at 8：00在八點；
at noon在中午
續表
（2）辨析in，after與before
含義及用法 示例
in “in+時間段”表示“過…… （時間）以后”，常與將來時 連用 in five years五年后
after 后接時間點，常與一般將來 時連用，表示“……之后” I will go to school after seven o’clock.
我將在七點之后去上學。
后接時間段，常與一般過去 時連用，表示“……之后” Tom finished school after three years.湯姆
三年后畢業了。
before 在……之前 Lily must go to bed before 9:00。莉莉必
須九點前上床睡覺。
（3）辨析during，by與until
含義及用法 示例
during 在……期間 during the summer holiday在暑假期間
by by+時間點，表示 “到……為止；不遲 于；在……前” I will finish the work by Friday.星期五之前
我會完成這項工作。
until “直到……”，表示動作 持續到某一時間 We must work here until 10 o’clock.我們必
須在這兒工作到10點鐘。
（4）辨析for與since
since+時間點=for+一段時間，常用于現在完成時（常與延續性動詞連用）。如：
since 3 years ago=for 3 years
2.表方位
（1）辨析at，on，in與to
含義及用法 示例
at at+小地點（建筑物、 公共場所等） at home 在家；at the bus station在公交車站
on 在……（的平面）上 on the desk在書桌上；on the floor在地板上
表示兩地接壤 Hunan is on the west of Jiangxi.湖南在江西的
西邊。
含義及用法 示例
in in+大地點 （國家、省、城市等） in China在中國；in Hebei在河北；in the city在
城市
在……里（周圍環境 是立體的地方） in the forest在森林里；in the classroom在教室里
to 在……范圍之外，不 接壤 Japan is to the east of China.日本在中國的東部。
續表
（2）辨析on，over，above，under與below
含義及用法 例句 助記
on 在……上面 （接觸） There is a pen on the book and another book is beneath it.在書上有一支鋼筆并 且在書下有另一本書。 ______________________________________
over 在……正上 方（垂直不接觸） Over the table is a chandelier.桌子上面 是個吊燈。 above 在……上方 （泛指） The plane is flying above the clouds.飛 機在云層上面飛行。 含義及用法 例句 助記
under 在……正下 方（垂直不接觸） The cat is under the table.小貓在桌子 下面。 ______________________________________
below 在……下方 （泛指） The temperature dropped below zero.溫 度降到零下。 續表
（3）辨析between與among
between表示在兩者之間 The dog is between the two trees.這只狗在兩棵樹
之間。
among表示在三者或三者 以上的人或事物之間 The dog sits among a group of cats.這只狗坐在一群
貓中間。
（4）其他方位介詞
含義 例句
behind 在……后面 The small dog is behind the door.那只小狗在門后。
inside 在……里面 Don’t stay inside the buildings when an earthquake
happens.當地震發生的時候，不要待在建筑物里面。
beside 在……旁邊 David,do you mind my sitting beside you 戴維，你介意我
坐在你旁邊嗎？
3.表動向
辨析across，through，over與past
含義及用法 例句
across “橫過；穿過”，指從物體表面的一 邊到另一邊 Go across the street，and you will
see the school.過了馬路你就會看到
學校。
through “穿過；透過”，指從某一物體的空 間內部穿過 Go through the forest，and you
will see a river.穿過森林，你將會
看到一條河流。
含義及用法 例句
over “越過；翻過”，指從某一物體的上 方越過或空間范圍之上通過，表面 不接觸 The plane flew over the mountains.
飛機從那些山峰的上方飛過。
past “經過”，指從旁邊經過 The teacher saw the boy sleeping
when he walked past the classroom.
當老師經過教室時，他看到那個男
孩正在睡覺。
續表
4.表方式
辨析with，in，by與on
用法 例句
with “用，以，借助 于”，后常接工具 或身體部位 ①I often do my homework with a pen.我經常用鋼
筆寫作業。
②Elephants drink water with their trunks.大象用鼻子
喝水。
in “用……”，后接語 言、聲音、顏色等 ①Can you say it in English？你能用英語說它嗎？
②The girl in red is my friend.穿紅色衣服的女孩是
我的朋友。
用法 例句
by by+交通工具，意 為“乘；坐” I go to school by bike.我騎自行車上學。
by+doing，意為“通 過……方式” I improve my English by speaking more.我通過多說
來提高英語。
on “通過……”，后接 電子產品/通訊工具 I could do all my work on the computer.我能通過電
腦完成所有工作。
續表
5.其他介詞
含義及用法 例句
for 為，給；對……來說 Mother bought a pen for me.媽媽給我買了一支
鋼筆。
from 從…… We’re open from 8：00 a.m.to 7：00 p.m.every
day.我們每天從早上8點到晚上7點營業。
of ……的 a map of China一幅中國地圖
about 關于；大約 （+數字） It’s a book about animals.這是一本關于動物的書。
含義及用法 例句
with with+人“和某人 一起” I play games with my classmates.我和我的同學們
玩游戲。
帶有/有 a girl with long hair一個長頭發的女孩；
a book with a green cover一本綠皮書
without 沒有；不 He often goes to work without breakfast.他經常不
吃早餐就去上班。
over 遍及；超過 There are over two hundred people in the park.公
園里有兩百多人。
續表
含義及用法 例句
against 反對；對抗；緊靠 We will play against them this afternoon.今天下午
我們將跟他們比賽。
into 在……里 Mr. White came into the classroom with a smile.懷
特先生面帶笑容走進了教室。
except “除……之外” Everyone is very happy except him.除了他，每個
人都很開心。
besides “除了”，包括后面 提到的人或物 I learn English and maths besides Chinese.除了語
文，我還學習英語和數學。
續表
二、介詞短語及固定搭配
at短語 at birth出生時 at home在家里 at last最后
at noon/night在中午/晚上
at work在工作 at the same time同時 at times有時
at midnight在午夜
at the moment在此刻 at once立刻，馬上 at least至少
in短語 in common共同的 in danger處于危險中 in hospital住院
in time及時
in English用英語 in fact事實上 in public當眾；公開地
in person親自
in silence沉默地 in surprise吃驚地 in the future將來
in the end最后
in the daytime在白天 in trouble處于困境中 in a hurry匆忙
in the way擋道 in order to為了
續表
of短語 as a result of由于 ahead of在……前面 because of因為
first of all首先
instead of而不是 of course當然 all of a sudden突然地
續表
on短語 on business出差 on display陳列 on duty值班
on foot步行 on holiday在休假
on one’s own獨自 on purpose故意
on sale降價銷售；出售 on show展出
on time準時
on the earth在地球上 on the way在路上
on the telephone在接/打電話
on the other hand另一方面 on the right/left在右/左邊
續表
to短語 according to根據 close to接近
to one’s surprise/joy令某人吃驚/高興的是
thanks to幸虧；由于
by短語 by air坐飛機 by bus坐公交車 by accident偶然地
by mistake錯誤地 by the way順便說一下
其他短 語 for example例如 such as例如 together with和……一起
續表
Ⅰ.根據句子要求填空，使短文通順，意思完整。
1.If you never give up when in trouble，you should be proud ___ yourself.
2.（2024河北改編）Hurry up，Nancy! The meeting will start___ten minutes.
3.（2024河北）Lin Ming stood at the school gate and waited____ his sister.
4.（2024福建）A special festival was held____September 23rd last year to honor
the hard work of Chinese farmers.
of
in
for
on
5.（2024新疆）A 68-year-old woman from Shandong Province now teaches
crocheting（針鉤編織） online and offline. She has made crochet
artworks____about 50 years.
for
6.（2024成都）China Daily named “Growth”____its “Word of the Year 2023”.
as
7.（2024長沙改編）According to tradition，people like to give flowers and
fruits___ each other during Chinese New Year，because they carry many special
meanings.
to
8.（2024蘇州改編）Tea drinking soon became fashionable there but because___ its
high price，it remained a drink for the wealthy.
9.（2024煙臺）To prevent breaking up，I first cook mooncakes___ a high
temperature to set the pattern and shape.
10.（2024南充）The hardships mentioned in the book are now in the past.
_________ them，I could never have finished this book.
of
at
Without
Ⅱ.完形填空。
I came to China with my parents a year ago. Mr. Xi lives next . .11. . me in
my neighborhood. He likes to say，“Méi guānxi” in life.
One weekend，Mom asked Mr. Xi to look . .12. . me. “I’m so sorry，” she
said. “But we don’t know other neighbors yet.”
“Méi guānxi！” Mr. Xi said and laughed. I asked him.“What does‘Méi
guānxi’mean？”“It means ‘no problem’，” he explained.
“It seems that you are cool with everything，but I am always nervous about
things in my life，even the weather，”I said.
“Oh，I used to worry，too!” said Mr. Xi. “I used to work . .13. . a tall
building. I worried all the time，and was angry all the time . .14. . first. Finally，
my doctor told me that the stress was making me sick.” He stopped talking and
looked . .15. . of the window at his garden.
“So what did you do？” I asked.
He said，“I bought this house，together . .16. . those fruit trees in the garden.
I just focused . .17. . what I was doing instead of thinking about the results. I
found peace in that process.”
. .18. . then on，when I met some difficulties，I would tell myself “Méi
guānxi”.
11.( ) A.on B.in C.from D.to
D
12.( ) A.after B.at C.for D.like
A
13.( ) A.on B.over C.in D.behind
C
14.( ) A.in B.for C.by D.at
D
15.( ) A.out B.through C.up D.down
A
16.( ) A.before B.with C.for D.about
B
17.( ) A.of B.in C.on D.for
C
18.( ) A.For B.From C.Against D.With
B
Ⅲ.語篇填空。（第二節）
There was a girl who loved to gossip（傳播流言蜚語），and most of her
classmates were angry 19.________her.
One day，her teacher gave her a bag full 20.___ feathers（羽毛）. “Cut it
open and throw all the feathers into the wind，” the teacher said. “Why？” she
asked. “Just do as I say，” said the teacher. The girl cut the bag. All the
feathers were quickly blown 21.______ until they disappeared. “Now，” said the
teacher，“I’d like you to go and bring all the feathers back.” “I can’t，” said the
girl. “I’ll never be able to do that.”
The teacher said，“It is the same 22.____ words. Words once spoken can
never be taken back. I want you to think 23._______ it carefully before you
speak.” The girl stood there and thought for a while.
with/at
of
away
as
about

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