資源簡介 新概念第三冊Lesson 50 New Year resolutions單詞精講resolution n. 決心【釋義】指一個人堅定的決定或意圖,即想要做某事或達成某個目標的強烈意志。例如:His resolution to lose weight is very strong.(他減肥的決心很強烈。)【詞源】源自拉丁語“resolutio”,由“re - ”(回、重新)+“solvere”(解開、松開)組成,原意為解決、解答,后引申為決心,即下定決心解決問題。【短語】make a resolution(下決心);New Year's resolution(新年決心);keep one's resolution(堅守決心)。【例句】She made a resolution to study harder this semester.(她下定決心這個學期要更努力學習。)mentally(adv. 內心里)【釋義】在頭腦中、思想上、心理上發生或存在的,與精神或心理活動有關。例如:He is mentally prepared for the challenge.(他在心理上已經為挑戰做好了準備。)【詞源】由“mental”(adj.精神的、心理的,源自拉丁語“mentalis”)+“ - ly”副詞后綴組成,表示在精神方面地。【短語】mentally ill(精神病患者);mentally tough(意志堅強的,心理強大的)。【例句】She is mentally exhausted after a long day of work.(工作了一整天后,她內心疲憊不堪。)compile(v.編輯,編制)【釋義】收集并整理資料、信息等,將它們組合成一個整體(如一本書、一份報告等)。例如:They compile a dictionary every year.(他們每年編輯一本詞典。)【詞源】源自拉丁語“compilare”,由“com - ”(一起)+“pilare”(擠壓、堆積)組成,表示將東西堆積在一起,即編輯、編制。【短語】compile data(編制數據);compile a list(編制清單)。【例句】The editor is compiling a collection of short stories.(編輯正在編輯一本短篇小說集。)formidable(adj. 令人畏懼的)【釋義】形容事物或人讓人感到害怕、敬畏,因為其具有強大的力量、規模、難度等。例如:The mountain is a formidable obstacle for climbers.(這座山對登山者來說是一個令人生畏的障礙。)【詞源】源自拉丁語“formidabilis”,由“formido”(害怕)+“ - abilis”(可…的)組成,表示可害怕的,即令人畏懼的。【短語】formidable opponent(強大的對手);formidable task(艱巨的任務)。【例句】He faced a formidable challenge in the competition.(他在比賽中面臨著一個令人生畏的挑戰。)recur(v.再發生,又出現)【釋義】指事情、現象等再次發生或出現,通常是有規律地或反復地。例如:This problem has recurred several times.(這個問題已經多次再次出現。)【詞源】源自拉丁語“recurrere”,由“re - ”(再次)+“currere”(跑)組成,表示再次跑過來,即再發生。【短語】recur to(重新提起;借助于);recur frequently(頻繁發生)。【例句】Memories of her childhood often recur to her.(她童年的記憶經常在她腦海中重現。)regularity(n.規律性)【釋義】指事物具有規則、有序、有節奏的特性,表現為在時間、空間、行為等方面的一致性。例如:The regularity of his daily routine is impressive.(他日常生活的規律性令人印象深刻。)【詞源】由“regular”(adj.規則的,源自拉丁語“regula”,表示規則、直尺)+“ - ity”名詞后綴組成,表示規則性。【短語】with regularity(有規律地);lack of regularity(缺乏規律性)。【例句】The regularity of the heartbeat is important for health.(心跳的規律性對健康很重要。)accomplishment(n. 成就)【釋義】指通過努力、技能或才華所取得的成功、成果或業績。例如:Getting a promotion is a great accomplishment.(得到晉升是一項很大的成就。)【詞源】由“accomplish”(v.完成、實現,由“ac - ”(使…)+“complish”(完整的,源自拉丁語“complere”)組成,表示使完整,即完成、實現)+“ - ment”名詞后綴,表示完成后的成果,即成就。【短語】sense of accomplishment(成就感);major accomplishment(主要成就)。【例句】His scientific accomplishments are widely recognized.(他的科學成就得到廣泛認可。)attainment(n.達到)【釋義】指達到某個目標、水平或狀態的行為或結果。例如:The attainment of his dreams took years of hard work.(他夢想的達成花費了多年的辛勤努力。)【詞源】源自拉丁語“attinere”,由“at - ”(向、到)+“tinere”(持有、握住)組成,表示到達、達到。【短語】educational attainment(教育程度);attainment of power(權力的獲得)。【例句】Her attainment in music is quite remarkable.(她在音樂方面的造詣相當非凡。)inveterate(adj.根深蒂固的)【釋義】形容習慣、情感、偏見等已經存在很長時間,難以改變或去除。例如:He is an inveterate smoker.(他是一個煙癮根深蒂固的人。)【詞源】源自拉丁語“inveteratus”,由“in - ”(在…里)+“veterare”(變老、使變舊)組成,表示變得很舊、存在很久的,即根深蒂固的。【短語】inveterate habit(根深蒂固的習慣);inveterate liar(慣于說謊的人)。【例句】Her inveterate love for reading started in her childhood.(她對閱讀根深蒂固的熱愛始于童年。)self - improvement(n.自我完善)【釋義】指個人為提高自己的知識、技能、品德等方面而進行的努力和活動。例如:He is always engaged in self - improvement.(他總是忙于自我完善。)【詞源】由“self”(自己)+“improvement”(改進、提高,由“improve”(v.改進,源自中古英語“enprouen”)+“ - ment”名詞后綴組成,表示自己提高自己,即自我完善。【短語】journey of self - improvement(自我完善之旅);self - improvement plan(自我完善計劃)。【例句】Reading books is an important part of his self - improvement.(讀書是他自我完善的一個重要部分。)scheme(n.簡單的計劃,方案)【釋義】指為實現某個目標而制定的一套有條理的計劃、安排或策略,通常是比較簡單或初步的。例如:They came up with a scheme to save money.(他們想出了一個省錢的方案。)【詞源】源自希臘語“schēma”,表示形狀、形式、計劃。【短語】marketing scheme(營銷方案);color scheme(色彩方案)。【例句】The new scheme for the project seems very practical.(這個項目的新方案看起來很實用。)ambitious(adj.雄心勃勃的)【釋義】形容人有遠大的抱負、志向,渴望取得巨大的成就或成功,通常表現為對目標有很高的追求。例如:He is an ambitious young man who wants to start his own business.(他是一個雄心勃勃的年輕人,想要自己創業。)【詞源】源自拉丁語“ambitiosus”,由“ambitio”(野心、抱負,源自“ambire”,表示四處走動拉選票,引申為野心)+“ - osus”(充滿…的)組成,表示充滿野心的,即雄心勃勃的。【短語】ambitious project(雄心勃勃的項目);ambitious goal(雄心勃勃的目標)。【例句】Their ambitious plan to build a skyscraper was finally realized.(他們建造摩天大樓的雄心勃勃的計劃最終實現了。)pitfall(n.意外的困難,易犯的錯誤)【釋義】指在做某事過程中可能遇到的意想不到的危險、困難或容易犯的錯誤。例如:Lack of experience is a common pitfall for new employees.(缺乏經驗是新員工常見的易犯錯誤。)【詞源】由“pit”(坑)+“fall”(落下)組成,字面意思是掉進坑里,引申為意外的困難或錯誤。【短語】avoid the pitfall(避免陷阱;避免錯誤);common pitfall(常見的陷阱)。【例句】One of the pitfalls in learning a new language is grammar mistakes.(學習一門新語言的一個易犯錯誤是語法錯誤。)modest(adj.要求不過分的)【釋義】形容人或事物在需求、期望、表現等方面不過分、適度、謙虛。例如:He has a modest request.(他有一個不過分的要求。)【詞源】源自拉丁語“modestus”,表示適度的、有節制的,與“modus”(尺度、方式)有關。【短語】modest price(合理的價格);modest lifestyle(簡樸的生活方式)。【例句】She is a modest girl and doesn't ask for too much.(她是一個要求不過分的女孩,不會要求太多。)assiduously(adv. 刻苦地)【釋義】形容人做某事時非常勤奮、努力、堅持不懈。例如:He studies assiduously for his exams.(他為考試刻苦學習。)【詞源】由“assiduous”(adj.刻苦的,源自拉丁語“assiduus”,表示持續的、不間斷的)+“ - ly”副詞后綴組成,表示刻苦地。【短語】work assiduously(刻苦工作);assiduously pursue(刻苦追求)。【例句】The athlete trained assiduously to win the gold medal.(運動員刻苦訓練以贏得金牌。)self - discipline(n. 自我約束)【釋義】指個人對自己的行為、思想等進行控制和約束的能力。例如:Self - discipline is important for achieving goals.(自我約束對于實現目標很重要。)【詞源】由“self”(自己)+“discipline”(紀律、約束,源自拉丁語“disciplina”)組成,表示自己約束自己,即自我約束。【短語】lack of self - discipline(缺乏自我約束);develop self - discipline(培養自我約束能力)。【例句】His self - discipline allows him to finish his work on time.(他的自我約束能力使他能夠按時完成工作。)frame(n. 軀體)【釋義】指人的身體結構或框架,通常強調身體的外形或基本結構。例如:His frame is strong and healthy.(他的軀體強壯健康。)【詞源】源自古英語“framian”,表示幫助、使有用,后來用于指身體框架。【短語】a strong frame(強壯的軀體);frame of the body(身體框架)。【例句】The athlete has a well - built frame.(這位運動員有一副體格健壯的軀體。)betray(v. 暴露,顯露)【釋義】無意中透露或顯示出(感情、意圖等);也可指背叛(某人或信任等)。例如:His nervousness betrayed his guilt.(他的緊張暴露了他的罪行。)【詞源】源自中古英語“betrayen”,由“be - ”(使…)+“trayen”(背叛,源自古法語“trair”)組成,表示使背叛,引申為暴露。【短語】betray oneself(原形畢露);betray a secret(泄露秘密)。【例句】Her trembling voice betrayed her fear.(她顫抖的聲音暴露了她的恐懼。)troop(v.成群結隊地走動)【釋義】以群體的形式移動,通常指人或動物大量地、有秩序地行走。例如:The students trooped into the classroom.(學生們成群結隊地走進教室。)【詞源】源自古法語“trope”,表示一群、一堆,后來指成群結隊地走動。【短語】troop off(成群結隊地離開);troop together(聚集在一起)。【例句】The sheep trooped across the meadow.(羊群成群結隊地穿過草地。)unsettle(v. 使不安)【釋義】使某人感到不安、焦慮或心煩意亂,打亂某人的平靜或穩定狀態。例如:The bad news unsettled her.(這個壞消息使她不安。)【詞源】由“un - ”(否定前綴,使相反)+“settle”(v.使安定、使平靜,源自古英語“setlan”)組成,表示使不安定,即使不安。【短語】unsettle one's mind(使人心煩意亂);be unsettled by(被…使不安)。【例句】The sudden change in plans unsettled everyone.(計劃的突然改變使每個人都感到不安。)taunt(n.嘲笑,奚落人的話)【釋義】指用侮辱性的話語或行為來嘲笑、譏諷他人。例如:His taunts made her very angry.(他的嘲笑使她非常生氣。)【詞源】可能源自古法語“tante”,表示引誘、挑釁,后來指嘲笑。【短語】endure taunts(忍受嘲笑);throw taunts(發出嘲笑)。【例句】She ignored his taunts and walked away.(她不理會他的嘲笑,走開了。)jibe(n.嘲弄,挖苦)【釋義】與“taunt”類似,指用尖刻、諷刺的話語來嘲弄、挖苦他人。例如:His jibes were really hurtful.(他的挖苦非常傷人。)【詞源】可能源自古英語“giban”,表示給予,后來指給予挖苦的話。【短語】make jibes(進行挖苦);respond to jibes(回應挖苦)。【例句】He couldn't stand her jibes any more and left.(他再也忍受不了她的挖苦,離開了。)good - humouredly(adv.和氣地,心情好地)【釋義】形容人以一種友好、愉快、和藹的態度做某事或對待某事。例如:He accepted the criticism good - humouredly.(他和氣地接受了批評。)【詞源】由“good - humoured”(adj.心情好的、和氣的,由“good”(好的)+“humour”(情緒、心情)+“ - ed”形容詞后綴組成)+“ - ly”副詞后綴組成,表示心情好地、和氣地。【短語】laugh good - humouredly(和氣地笑);reply good - humouredly(和氣地回答)。【例句】She greeted us good - humouredly.(她和氣地向我們打招呼。)wane(v.逐漸變小,變弱)【釋義】表示力量、數量、影響力等逐漸減少、減弱,如月光由盈轉虧的過程。例如:His influence is beginning to wane.(他的影響力開始減弱。)【詞源】源自古英語“wanian”,表示減少、衰退。【短語】wane away(逐漸消逝);wane in popularity(人氣漸衰)。【例句】The moon wanes after the full moon.(滿月之后月亮逐漸變小。)hypnotize v. 使欲睡,使蒙朧【釋義】通過特殊手段(如暗示、節奏等)使某人進入類似睡眠的恍惚狀態,或者使某人的意識變得模糊不清。例如:The monotonous voice of the lecturer began to hypnotize the students.(講師單調的聲音開始使學生們變得昏昏欲睡。)【詞源】源自希臘語“hypnos”(睡眠)+“ - ize”(動詞后綴,表示使…化),所以“hypnotize”的字面意思就是使進入睡眠狀態,即催眠、使欲睡。【短語】hypnotize into(使進入…狀態);try to hypnotize(試圖催眠)。【例句】The soft music seemed to hypnotize her, and she felt very relaxed.(輕柔的音樂似乎使她變得蒙朧,她感到非常放松。)undoing(n. 禍根,毀滅的原因)【釋義】指導致某人失敗、垮臺或毀滅的事物、行為或性格特點等。例如:His excessive pride was his undoing.(他過度的驕傲是他毀滅的原因。)【詞源】由“undo”(v.解開、取消、破壞,由“un - ”(否定前綴,相反的動作)+“do”(做)組成,表示做相反的事,即破壞)+“ - ing”名詞后綴,表示破壞的結果,即禍根。【短語】be one's own undoing(自毀,自作孽);lead to one's undoing(導致某人的毀滅)。【例句】Greed was the undoing of many a businessman in that scandal.(在那場丑聞中,貪婪是許多商人毀滅的原因。)screen(n.電視機屏幕)【釋義】電視機用于顯示圖像和視頻內容的平面部分,是觀眾觀看電視節目等視覺信息的區域。例如:The picture on the screen was very clear.(電視屏幕上的畫面非常清晰。)【詞源】源自古英語“scrin”,最初表示一種遮蔽物,后來用于指有遮擋、顯示功能的屏幕。【短語】touch screen(觸摸屏);screen size(屏幕尺寸);on the screen(在屏幕上)。【例句】He stared at the screen, waiting for his favorite show to start.(他盯著屏幕,等待他最喜歡的節目開始。)二、課文精講1.The New Year is a time for resolutions.新年是下決心的時候。 be a time for的意思是“是做…的時候了。”2.The same old favorites recur year in year out with monotonous regularity.相同的決心以單調的規律年復一年地出現。 year in year out的意思是“年復一年”。3.Past experience has taught us that certain accomplishments are beyond attainment.以往的經驗告訴我們有些事是辦不到的。 be beyond attainment的意思是“辦不到的”。4.If we remain inveterate smokers, it is only because we have so often experienced the frustration that results from failure.如果我們煙癮大,戒不掉,那是因為屢戒屢敗,失去信心。 it is only because的意思是“唯一的原因是…”。5.We also make the fundamental error of announcing our resolutions to everybody so that we look even more foolish when we slip back into our bad old ways.我們還犯有一個根本性的錯誤,即把我們的決心向大家宣布。這樣一旦滑回到那些老習慣上去,我們在別人的眼里會顯得更加難堪。 make the fundamental error of的意思是“所犯的根本性錯誤是…”。6.Aware of these pitfalls, this year I attempted to keep my resolutions to myself.我深知這些問題,于是,今年我對自己的計劃要嚴加保密。 attempt to do的意思是“試圖做”。7.An all-night party on New Year's Eve provided me with a good excuse for not carrying out either of these new resolutions on the first day of the year, but on the second, I applied myself assiduously to the task.新年除夕舉辦的一次通宵晚會,使我理直氣壯地在新年頭一天免去了這兩項任務。不過,新年第二天,我全力以赴地照著去做了。 apply oneself assiduously to do sth.的意思是“全力以赴做某事。”8.The self-discipline required to drag myself out of bed eleven minutes earlier than usual was considerable.這就要求我比平時早11分鐘把自己從床上拽起來,這種自我約束是很艱苦的。 earlier than usual是一個比較結構。 9.Nevertheless, I managed to creep down into the living room for two days before anyone found me out.不過開頭兩天我還是成功地躡手躡腳地來到樓下起居室,被誰也沒發現。 creep down的意思是“躡手躡腳地下去。”10.The next morning the whole family trooped in to watch the performance.第二天早晨全家人結隊來到起居室看我表演。 動詞不定式短語to watch the performance充當目的狀語。 11.That was really unsettling, but I fended off the taunts and jibes of the family good-humouredly and soon everybody got used to the idea.這真叫人不好意思,但我心平氣和地頂住全家人的嘲笑和奚落。不久,大家對我習以為常了。 get used to的意思是“對…習以為常”。12.The time I spent at exercises gradually diminished.我花在鍛煉上的時間逐漸減少。 spend at/on sth.的意思是“花費…在某事上”。 13.Little by little the eleven minutes fell to zero.慢慢地從11分鐘減到了零。 Little by little的意思是“慢慢地”。 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫