資源簡介 新概念第三冊Lesson 45 The power of the press單詞精講democratic adj. 民主的【釋義】與民主相關的,遵循民主原則的,強調人民參與決策、平等、自由等民主價值觀。例如:A democratic country respects the rights and freedoms of its citizens.(一個民主國家尊重其公民的權利和自由。)【詞源】源自希臘語“demokratia”,“demos”表示“人民”,“kratos”表示“統治”,即人民統治的。【短語】democratic system(民主制度);democratic election(民主選舉)。【例句】The democratic process allows everyone to have a say.(民主進程讓每個人都有發言權。)restrict(v. 限制)【釋義】對某人或某事加以約束、控制,使其在一定的范圍、數量或程度之內。例如:The new law restricts the use of plastic bags.(新法律限制塑料袋的使用。)【詞源】源自拉丁語“restringere”,“re - ”表示“回”,“stringere”表示“捆綁”,即拉回來捆綁,引申為限制。【短語】restrict to(限制在…范圍內);be restricted by(受到…的限制)。【例句】They restrict access to the building for security reasons.(出于安全原因,他們限制進入大樓。)abuse(v. 濫用)【釋義】不正當地使用,過度使用,通常是對權力、資源或物品等的不當使用,也可表示虐待。例如:Don't abuse your power in the company.(不要在公司里濫用你的權力。)【詞源】源自拉丁語“ab - ”(偏離)+“uti”(使用),表示偏離正確的使用方式。【短語】abuse of power(濫用權力);drug abuse(藥物濫用)。【例句】He was accused of abusing his position to get benefits.(他被指控濫用職位謀取利益。)contention(n. 論點)【釋義】指在討論、辯論或爭論中提出的觀點、主張。例如:His main contention was that the policy would not work.(他的主要論點是該政策不會起作用。)【詞源】源自拉丁語“contendere”,表示“競爭、爭論”,引申為爭論中的觀點。【短語】bone of contention(爭論的焦點);contention point(論點要點)。【例句】There are several contentions in this academic debate.(在這場學術辯論中有幾個論點。)untold(adj. 數不盡)【釋義】表示數量太多而無法計數,也可表示未被講述的、不為人知的。例如:The earthquake caused untold damage.(地震造成了數不盡的損害。)【詞源】由“un - ”(不)+“told”(講述、計數)構成,表示無法計數或未被講述。【短語】untold stories(未被講述的故事);untold wealth(數不盡的財富)。【例句】There are untold stars in the sky.(天空中有數不盡的星星。)South Dakota(南達科他州(美國))【釋義】美國中西部的一個州,有豐富的自然資源,如農業、礦業等,同時也有獨特的文化和歷史遺產。例如:Mount Rushmore is located in South Dakota.(拉什莫爾山位于南達科他州。)【詞源】“South”表示南部,“Dakota”源自蘇族印第安人的語言,原意為“盟友”或“朋友”。【短語】South Dakota State(南達科他州);South Dakota Badlands(南達科他州惡地)。【例句】Many tourists visit South Dakota to see its natural beauty.(許多游客訪問南達科他州以觀賞其自然美景。)perpetual(adj. 永久的)【釋義】持續不斷的,永遠存在的,沒有盡頭的。例如:The perpetual motion of the planets around the sun is a wonder of the universe.(行星圍繞太陽的永久運動是宇宙的一個奇觀。)【詞源】源自拉丁語“perpetuus”,表示“連續的、不間斷的”。【短語】perpetual calendar(萬年歷);perpetual motion(永動)。【例句】She has a perpetual smile on her face.(她臉上總是帶著微笑。)quintuplet(n. 五胞胎之一)【釋義】指一次生育中的五個嬰兒中的一個。例如:One of the quintuplets was born with a special mark.(五胞胎中的一個出生時帶有特殊的標記。)【詞源】由“quint - ”(五)+“ - uplet”(表示幼小動物或嬰兒的詞尾)構成,表示五胞胎中的一個。【短語】a set of quintuplets(一組五胞胎)。【例句】The quintuplets are all healthy now.(這五胞胎現在都很健康。)obscurity(n. 默默無聞)【釋義】指不為人知、不被注意的狀態,也可表示模糊、隱晦。例如:He lived in obscurity until his great discovery.(在他的重大發現之前,他一直默默無聞。)【詞源】源自拉丁語“obscurus”,表示“黑暗的、模糊的”,引申為默默無聞。【短語】rise from obscurity(從默默無聞中崛起);in obscurity(默默無聞地)。【例句】The small town remained in obscurity for a long time.(這個小鎮長時間默默無聞。)radically(adv. 徹底地,完全地)【釋義】表示從根本上、徹底地改變或影響某事。例如:The new technology will radically change our way of life.(這項新技術將徹底改變我們的生活方式。)【詞源】由“radical”(形容詞,根本的、激進的)+“ - ly”(副詞后綴)構成,表示以根本的方式。【短語】radically different(截然不同);radically reform(徹底改革)。【例句】His views are radically opposed to mine.(他的觀點與我的完全相反。)exclusive(adj. 獨占的,獨家的)【釋義】排除其他事物的,獨有的,僅為特定的人或群體所擁有或使用的。例如:This is an exclusive club, only for members.(這是一個獨占性的俱樂部,僅對會員開放。)【詞源】源自拉丁語“excludere”,“ex - ”表示“出”,“cludere”表示“關閉”,即關閉在外,只有特定的在里面,引申為獨占的。【短語】exclusive right(專有權);exclusive interview(獨家采訪)。【例句】The brand has an exclusive design for this season.(這個品牌本季有獨家設計。)nursery(n. 育嬰室,保育室)【釋義】專門用于照顧嬰兒或幼兒的房間或場所,也可指培育植物幼苗的地方。例如:The new hospital has a well - equipped nursery.(新醫院有一個設備齊全的育嬰室。)【詞源】源自“nurse”(動詞,護理、養育),加上“ - ery”(表示場所的后綴),表示養育的場所,即育嬰室。【短語】nursery school(幼兒園);plant nursery(植物苗圃)。【例句】She works in a nursery taking care of babies.(她在一個保育室照顧嬰兒。)commercialization(n. 商品化)【釋義】將某物轉變為商品,使其具有商業價值并可進行商業交易的過程。例如:The commercialization of new technologies often brings great economic benefits.(新技術的商品化通常會帶來巨大的經濟效益。)【詞源】由“commercial”(形容詞,商業的)+“ - ization”(名詞后綴,表示…化的過程)構成,表示商業化的過程。【短語】process of commercialization(商品化過程);commercialization trend(商品化趨勢)。【例句】The commercialization of art has both positive and negative aspects.(藝術的商品化有積極和消極的方面。)commodity(n. 商品)【釋義】一種可用于交換、買賣的物品或產品,通常具有一定的價值。例如:Oil is an important global commodity.(石油是一種重要的全球商品。)【詞源】源自拉丁語“commoditas”,表示“方便、有用”,后來指有用的東西,即商品。【短語】commodity market(商品市場);primary commodity(初級商品)。【例句】The price of this commodity has been rising recently.(這種商品的價格最近一直在上漲。)課文精講1.In democratic countries any efforts to restrict the freedom of the press are rightly condemned.在民主國家里,任何限制新聞自由的企圖都理所當然地受到譴責。 由democratic(民主的)一詞拓展學習: Democrat民主人士,Democratic Party民主黨,Conservative Party保守黨,Radical Party激進黨,Communist Party共產黨 2.However, this freedom can easily be abused.然而,這種自由很容易被濫用。 由abuse一詞拓展學習: abuse of rights權力濫用,drug abuse藥物濫用,abuse of substance物質濫用,abuse of women and children虐待婦女兒童 3.Stories about people often attract far more public attention than political events.常人軼事往往比政治事件更能引起公眾注意。 more...than...比...更多... Anecdotes about society on TV often draw much more attention than common life of people.相比自己平淡的生活,人們往往更喜歡在電視上看到一些奇聞軼事。 4.Though we may enjoy reading about the lives of others, it is extremely doubtful whether we would equally enjoy reading about ourselves.我們都喜歡看關于別人生活的報道,但是否同樣喜歡看關于自己生活的報道,就很難說了。 此句中的it作先行主語,指代whether引導的主語從句,本意是“是否同樣喜歡看那關于自己生活的報道就讓人懷疑了。” 5.Acting on the contention that facts are sacred, reporters can cause untold suffering to individuals by publishing details about their private lives.記者按事實至上的論點行事,發表有關別人生活的細節,有時會給當事人造成極大的痛苦。 acting on的意思是“按照…做”,要表達類似的意思還可以說:according to,in the light of,by…,as…,in pursuance of,base on。6.Newspapers exert such tremendous influence that they can not only bring about major changes to the lives of ordinary people but can even overthrow a government.新聞具有巨大的威力。它們不僅可以給尋常人家的生活帶來重大的變化,甚至還能推翻一個政府。 exert influence的意思是“對…產生影響”。 7.As the parents had five children, life was a perpetual struggle against poverty.家里已有5個孩子,全家人常年在貧困中掙扎。 struggle against的意思是“在貧困中掙扎”。 8.They were expecting their sixth child and faced with even more pressing economic problems.第6個孩子即將問世,他們面臨著更為嚴峻的經濟問題。 be faced with sth.的意思是“面臨某事。” 9.But they suddenly became the parents of quintuplets, four girls and a boy, an event which radically changed their lives.但是他們出人意料生了個五胞胎,4女1男。這事使他們的生活發生了根本的變化。 與“多胞胎”相關的表達總結: Twins 雙胞胎,triplets三胞胎,quadruplets 四胞胎 10.The old farmhouse the family lived in was to be replaced by a new 500,000 home.這家人住的舊家舍將由一座價值50萬美元的新住宅所取代。 be replaced by的意思是“由…代替”。 11.While the five babies were still quietly sleeping in oxygen tents in a hospital nursery, their parents were paying the price for fame.眼下,五胞胎還靜靜地躺在醫院嬰兒室的氧氣帳里,他們的父母卻為這名聲付出了代價。 pay for的意思是“為…而付出代價”。 12.It would never again be possible for them to lead normal lives.他們再也無法過正常的生活。 語言點:never be possible for sb.jto do sth.的意思是“某人再也不可能做某事。” 13.Instead of being five new family members, these children had immediately become a commodity.這些孩子立即成了商品,而不是5個新的家庭成員。 become a commodity實際上是把孩子比喻成了商品,是一種暗喻修辭格。 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫