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新概念第三冊(cè)Lesson 36 A chance in a million講義

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新概念第三冊(cè)Lesson 36 A chance in a million講義

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新概念第三冊(cè)
Lesson 36 A chance in a million
單詞精講
justice n.正義,公正;司法
【釋義】正義、公正:是一種道德和倫理上的概念,代表公平、合理、正當(dāng)?shù)脑瓌t和行為,涉及到對(duì)權(quán)利和義務(wù)的正確分配,確保人們得到應(yīng)有的對(duì)待。
司法:指一個(gè)國(guó)家或社會(huì)執(zhí)行法律、維護(hù)公正的體系,包括法院、法官、法律程序等,旨在通過(guò)法定程序判定是非對(duì)錯(cuò),對(duì)違法行為進(jìn)行懲處,保護(hù)公民權(quán)利。
【詞源】源自于古法語(yǔ)“justice”,而古法語(yǔ)的這個(gè)詞又來(lái)源于拉丁語(yǔ)“iustitia”,由“iustus”(公正的、正當(dāng)?shù)模┭葑兌鴣?lái)。
【短語(yǔ)】“justice for all”(人人享有正義),例如:The goal of a democratic society is justice for all.(民主社會(huì)的目標(biāo)是人人享有正義。)
“do justice to sb./sth.”(公平對(duì)待某人/某事;充分展現(xiàn)某人/某事的優(yōu)點(diǎn)),如:This article doesn't do justice to his great achievements.(這篇文章沒(méi)有充分展現(xiàn)他的偉大成就。)
“bring to justice”(將……繩之以法),例如:The police are determined to bring the criminals to justice.(警方?jīng)Q心將罪犯繩之以法。)
【例句】Justice is the foundation of a harmonious society.(正義是和諧社會(huì)的基礎(chǔ)。)
The justice system should be independent and impartial.(司法系統(tǒng)應(yīng)該獨(dú)立且公正。)
court n.法院
【釋義】作為一個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu),是處理法律事務(wù)、進(jìn)行審判、解決糾紛的場(chǎng)所,由法官、律師、陪審團(tuán)等人員組成;也可指法院所在的建筑物。
【詞源】源于古法語(yǔ)“cort”,其根源為拉丁語(yǔ)“cohors”,最初表示庭院、圍場(chǎng),后來(lái)演變?yōu)閷m廷中的司法場(chǎng)所,進(jìn)而指現(xiàn)代意義上的法院。
【短語(yǔ)】“high court”(高等法院),例如:The case will be heard in the high court.(這個(gè)案件將在高等法院審理。)
“court of law”(法院;法庭),如:Everyone has the right to a fair trial in a court of law.(每個(gè)人都有權(quán)在法庭上得到公正審判。)
“appear in court”(出庭),例如:The defendant is required to appear in court next week.(被告被要求下周出庭。)
【例句】The court made a final judgment on this case.(法院對(duì)這個(gè)案件做出了終審判決。)
law n. 法律
【釋義】由政府或其他權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)制定的規(guī)則和條例的總和,這些規(guī)則規(guī)范人們的行為,規(guī)定了什么是可以做的,什么是被禁止的,目的在于維護(hù)社會(huì)秩序、保障公民權(quán)利、解決糾紛等。
【詞源】源自古英語(yǔ)“l(fā)agu”,表示規(guī)定、法則,是社會(huì)中約束人們行為的強(qiáng)制性規(guī)范。
【短語(yǔ)】“l(fā)aw enforcement”(執(zhí)法),例如:Law enforcement agencies play an important role in maintaining social order.(執(zhí)法機(jī)構(gòu)在維護(hù)社會(huì)秩序方面起著重要作用。)
“break the law”(違法),如:Those who break the law will be punished.(違法者將受到懲罰。)
“common law”(普通法),例如:Common law has a long history in English - speaking countries.(普通法在英語(yǔ)國(guó)家有著悠久的歷史。)
【例句】Everyone should respect the law.(每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該尊重法律。)
innocence n. 無(wú)辜
【釋義】指沒(méi)有犯罪、沒(méi)有過(guò)錯(cuò)、沒(méi)有惡意的狀態(tài),也可表示一種純真、純潔的品質(zhì)。
【詞源】由否定前綴“in - ”和表示“傷害、罪惡”的“nocence”組成,即沒(méi)有罪惡的狀態(tài)。
【短語(yǔ)】“proof of innocence”(無(wú)罪的證據(jù)),例如:He presented proof of his innocence in court.(他在法庭上出示了自己無(wú)罪的證據(jù)。)
“presumption of innocence”(無(wú)罪推定),如:In a democratic legal system, there is a presumption of innocence until proven guilty.(在民主的法律制度中,在被證明有罪之前應(yīng)被推定為無(wú)罪。)
“claim one's innocence”(聲稱自己無(wú)辜),例如:The suspect firmly claimed his innocence.(嫌疑犯堅(jiān)稱自己無(wú)辜。)
【例句】Her innocence was evident to everyone who knew her.(認(rèn)識(shí)她的人都能看出她的無(wú)辜。)
undertake v.承擔(dān);著手做
【釋義】承擔(dān):接受責(zé)任、工作、任務(wù)或風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等,對(duì)某事負(fù)責(zé)。
著手做:開(kāi)始進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)工作、計(jì)劃或活動(dòng),表明有做某事的意圖并開(kāi)始付諸行動(dòng)。
【詞源】由表示“在……之下”的“under - ”和“take”(拿取)組成,字面意思為在下面拿取,引申為承擔(dān)起來(lái)、著手去做。
【短語(yǔ)】“undertake a task”(承擔(dān)一項(xiàng)任務(wù)),例如:He is willing to undertake this difficult task.(他愿意承擔(dān)這項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)。)
“undertake a project”(承擔(dān)一個(gè)項(xiàng)目),如:The company decided to undertake a large - scale infrastructure project.(公司決定承擔(dān)一個(gè)大型基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施項(xiàng)目。)
“undertake to do sth.”(承諾做某事),例如:He undertook to finish the work within a week.(他承諾在一周內(nèi)完成這項(xiàng)工作。)
【例句】She undertook the role of leader in this project.(她在這個(gè)項(xiàng)目中承擔(dān)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的角色。)
arduous adj. 艱苦的,艱難的
【釋義】形容需要付出大量的努力、精力,面臨諸多困難和挑戰(zhàn)的事物,如任務(wù)、工作、旅程等,通常表示這些事情不容易完成。
【詞源】源于古法語(yǔ)“ardu”,表示陡峭的、險(xiǎn)峻的,由此引申為需要艱難攀登或克服的,即艱苦、艱難的意思。
【短語(yǔ)】“arduous journey”(艱苦的旅程),例如:They had an arduous journey through the desert.(他們經(jīng)歷了一次穿越沙漠的艱苦旅程。)
“arduous task”(艱巨的任務(wù)),如:Climbing the high mountain is an arduous task for beginners.(對(duì)于初學(xué)者來(lái)說(shuō),攀登高山是一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)。)
“arduous struggle”(艱苦的斗爭(zhēng)),例如:The people carried out an arduous struggle for their freedom.(人民為自由進(jìn)行了艱苦的斗爭(zhēng)。)
【例句】The arduous training made him stronger.(艱苦的訓(xùn)練使他變得更強(qiáng)壯。)
abstract adj. 抽象的
【釋義】與具體的事物相對(duì),是從具體事物中概括、提煉出來(lái)的概念、思想或感覺(jué),缺乏明確的、直觀的實(shí)體表象,不容易被直接感知或理解。
【詞源】源自古法語(yǔ)“abstrait”,其來(lái)源于拉丁語(yǔ)“abstractus”,由表示“離開(kāi)”的“ab - ”和表示“拉、拖”的“trahere”組成,意為從具體事物中抽離出來(lái)的,即抽象的。
【短語(yǔ)】“abstract art”(抽象藝術(shù)),例如:Abstract art often challenges people's traditional perception of beauty.(抽象藝術(shù)經(jīng)常挑戰(zhàn)人們對(duì)美的傳統(tǒng)認(rèn)知。)
“abstract concept”(抽象概念),如:Love is an abstract concept that is difficult to define precisely.(愛(ài)是一個(gè)難以精確界定的抽象概念。)
“abstract thinking”(抽象思維),例如:Abstract thinking ability is very important in scientific research.(抽象思維能力在科學(xué)研究中非常重要。)
【例句】His speech was full of abstract ideas that were hard to follow.(他的演講充滿了難以理解的抽象想法。)
concept n. 概念,觀念
【釋義】人們對(duì)事物本質(zhì)特征的概括性認(rèn)識(shí),是一種抽象的思想、想法或理念,用于理解、解釋、分類(lèi)和組織事物,在人們的思維和認(rèn)知中起著重要作用。
【詞源】源于古法語(yǔ)“concept”,其根源為拉丁語(yǔ)“conceptus”,表示接受、構(gòu)思,即在頭腦中構(gòu)思形成的東西,也就是概念、觀念。
【短語(yǔ)】“new concept”(新概念),例如:The scientist proposed a new concept in his latest research.(這位科學(xué)家在他最近的研究中提出了一個(gè)新概念。)
“concept of time”(時(shí)間概念),如:Different cultures may have different concepts of time.(不同的文化可能有不同的時(shí)間概念。)
“concept of value”(價(jià)值概念),例如:The concept of value varies from person to person.(價(jià)值概念因人而異。)
【例句】The concept of environmental protection has been widely accepted.(環(huán)保的概念已經(jīng)被廣泛接受。)
mete out 給予,處置
【釋義】根據(jù)一定的規(guī)則、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或公正的原則,給予(懲罰、獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)、待遇等),也可表示對(duì)某事或某人進(jìn)行處理、安排。
【詞源】源自古英語(yǔ)“metan”(測(cè)量、判定),表示按照一定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行給予或判定,即給予、處置的意思。
【短語(yǔ)】“mete out punishment”(給予懲罰),例如:The judge will mete out severe punishment to the criminal.(法官將對(duì)罪犯給予嚴(yán)厲的懲罰。)
“mete out rewards”(給予獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)),如:The company will mete out rewards to employees who perform well.(公司將對(duì)表現(xiàn)出色的員工給予獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。)
“mete out justice”(給予公正的處置),例如:The court is there to mete out justice fairly.(法院的存在是為了公正地給予處置。)
【例句】It is the responsibility of the teacher to mete out appropriate discipline to students.(教師有責(zé)任給予學(xué)生適當(dāng)?shù)募o(jì)律處分。)
interference n. 干涉
【釋義】指介入他人事務(wù)、干擾某事正常進(jìn)行或影響事物自然發(fā)展的行為,通常帶有不必要、不恰當(dāng)或未經(jīng)授權(quán)的含義。
【詞源】由表示“在……之間”的“inter - ”、表示“帶來(lái)”的“fer - ”和名詞后綴“ - ence”組成,表示在事物之間帶來(lái)影響,即干涉的意思。
【短語(yǔ)】“interference in”(干涉……),例如:We oppose any interference in our internal affairs.(我們反對(duì)任何對(duì)我們內(nèi)政的干涉。)
“interference with”(干擾……;妨礙……),如:The electromagnetic interference with the equipment caused some problems.(對(duì)設(shè)備的電磁干擾導(dǎo)致了一些問(wèn)題。)
“government interference”(政府干涉),例如:Some people think that too much government interference in the economy is not good.(有些人認(rèn)為政府對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)過(guò)多的干涉不好。)
【例句】His interference in the negotiation made the situation more complicated.(他對(duì)談判的干涉使情況變得更復(fù)雜了。)
accord n. 一致
【釋義】表示在意見(jiàn)、態(tài)度、行動(dòng)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等方面的和諧、統(tǒng)一、相符,體現(xiàn)出各方之間沒(méi)有分歧或矛盾。
【詞源】源于古法語(yǔ)“accord”,其根源為拉丁語(yǔ)“accordare”,由表示“向”的“ad - ”和表示“心”的“cord - ”組成,意為心心相印,即一致的意思。
【短語(yǔ)】“in accord with”(與……一致),例如:His actions are in accord with his words.(他的行動(dòng)與他的話語(yǔ)一致。)
“reach an accord”(達(dá)成一致),如:After long - time discussion, they finally reached an accord.(經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的討論,他們最終達(dá)成了一致。)
“accord of opinions”(意見(jiàn)一致),例如:There is an accord of opinions among the team members.(團(tuán)隊(duì)成員之間意見(jiàn)一致。)
【例句】The two sides are in complete accord on this issue.(雙方在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上完全一致。)
premises n.房屋
【釋義】指包括土地、建筑物及其附屬設(shè)施等在內(nèi)的整個(gè)房產(chǎn),可用于居住、商業(yè)、辦公等多種用途。
【詞源】源自古法語(yǔ)“premisse”,其根源為拉丁語(yǔ)“praemissus”,表示在前面放置的,這里表示房產(chǎn)等固定的財(cái)產(chǎn)。
【短語(yǔ)】“business premises”(商業(yè)用房),例如:The company is looking for new business premises.(這家公司正在尋找新的商業(yè)用房。)
“residential premises”(住宅房屋),如:The rent of residential premises in this area is relatively high.(這個(gè)地區(qū)的住宅房屋租金相對(duì)較高。)
“on the premises”(在房屋內(nèi);在場(chǎng)所內(nèi)),例如:There is a small garden on the premises.(房屋內(nèi)有一個(gè)小花園。)
【例句】The police searched the premises thoroughly but found no evidence.(警察徹底搜查了房屋但沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)證據(jù)。)
convert v.轉(zhuǎn)變,改變
【釋義】使(事物、人等)從一種形式、狀態(tài)、用途、信仰等轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榱硪环N,涉及到物理、化學(xué)、社會(huì)、思想等多個(gè)領(lǐng)域的變化。
【詞源】源自古法語(yǔ)“convertir”,其根源為拉丁語(yǔ)“convertere”,由表示“完全”的“con - ”和表示“轉(zhuǎn)”的“vertere”組成,表示完全轉(zhuǎn)變。
【短語(yǔ)】“convert into”(把……轉(zhuǎn)變成),例如:We can convert waste into useful resources.(我們可以把廢物轉(zhuǎn)變成有用的資源。)
“convert to”(轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椋火б溃纾篐e decided to convert to Buddhism.(他決定皈依佛教。)
“convert sth. from A to B”(把某物從A轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)锽),例如:The factory can convert raw materials from one form to another.(這家工廠可以把原材料從一種形式轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榱硪环N形式。)
【例句】The technology can convert solar energy into electricity.(這項(xiàng)技術(shù)可以將太陽(yáng)能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能。)
disused adj.不再用的,廢棄的
【釋義】表示曾經(jīng)被使用過(guò),但現(xiàn)在不再被使用的狀態(tài),常用來(lái)形容建筑物、設(shè)備、道路等實(shí)體事物。
【詞源】由表示否定的“dis - ”和“used”(使用)組成,表示不被使用的,即廢棄的意思。
【短語(yǔ)】“disused factory”(廢棄的工廠),例如:The disused factory has become a shelter for stray animals.(廢棄的工廠成了流浪動(dòng)物的棲息地。)
“disused railway”(廢棄的鐵路),如:The disused railway is now a popular place for walkers.(廢棄的鐵路現(xiàn)在是徒步旅行者喜歡的地方。)
“disused well”(廢棄的井),例如:They found a disused well in the old village.(他們?cè)谂f村莊里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一口廢棄的井。)
【例句】The disused building was in a dilapidated state.(這座廢棄的建筑破敗不堪。)
fireplace n.壁爐
【釋義】建筑物內(nèi)專(zhuān)門(mén)用于生火取暖的地方,通常由爐膛、煙囪等部分組成,也是室內(nèi)的一種取暖和裝飾設(shè)施。
【詞源】由“fire”(火)和“place”(地方)組成,表示生火的地方,即壁爐。
【短語(yǔ)】“wood - burning fireplace”(燃木壁爐),例如:The living room has a beautiful wood - burning fireplace.(客廳有一個(gè)漂亮的燃木壁爐。)
“gas fireplace”(燃?xì)獗跔t),如:A gas fireplace is more convenient than a traditional one.(燃?xì)獗跔t比傳統(tǒng)壁爐更方便。)
“clean the fireplace”(清理壁爐),例如:You should clean the fireplace regularly to prevent fire hazards.(你應(yīng)該定期清理壁爐以防止火災(zāi)隱患。)
【例句】They sat around the fireplace, enjoying the warmth.(他們圍坐在壁爐旁享受溫暖。)
muffle v.捂住,厭抑
【釋義】作動(dòng)詞時(shí),主要表示“使(聲音)降低;使(聲音)聽(tīng)不清;捂住,蒙住(頭部或耳朵)”,例如:She put her hand over her mouth to muffle her cough.(她用手捂住嘴以壓低咳嗽聲。)也可表示“壓抑(感情等);抑制(行動(dòng)等)”,如:He tried to muffle his anger.(他試圖抑制自己的憤怒。)
【詞源】源自古法語(yǔ)“moufler”,最初的意思是“把臉裹起來(lái)”,可能來(lái)自于俗拉丁語(yǔ)“muffulare”,與“muff”(手籠、袖套)有關(guān),因?yàn)榘咽只\之類(lèi)的東西圍在臉上可以捂住聲音或保暖等,逐漸發(fā)展出現(xiàn)在的這些含義。
【短語(yǔ)】muffle up:裹住,包住;把…裹起來(lái),例如:Muffle up well in this cold weather.(在這種寒冷天氣里要把自己裹暖和。)
【例句】The thick walls muffle the noise from the street.(厚墻降低了來(lái)自街道的噪音。)
She muffle d her face with a scarf to protect it from the cold wind.(她用圍巾蒙住臉以抵御寒風(fēng)。)
二、課文精講
1.We are less credulous than we used to be. 我們不再像以往那樣輕易相信別人了。
  less…than引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句。
  used to be的意思是“過(guò)去曾經(jīng)是”。
  
2.In the nineteenth century, a novelist would bring his story to a conclusion by presenting his readers with a series of coincidences—most of them wildly improbable. 在19世紀(jì),小說(shuō)家常在小說(shuō)結(jié)尾處給讀者準(zhǔn)備一系列的巧合—大部分是牽強(qiáng)附會(huì),極不可能的。
  by presenting his readers with a series of coincidences作方式狀語(yǔ),交代如何“給小說(shuō)結(jié)尾”,破折號(hào)后面的內(nèi)容起進(jìn)一步解釋說(shuō)明的作用。
  wildly improbable的意思是“極其不可能的”,比impossible的程度更深。
  
3.Readers happily accepted the fact that an obscure maidservant was really the hero's mother.當(dāng)時(shí)的讀者卻愉快地接受這樣一些事實(shí),一個(gè)低賤的女傭?qū)嶋H上是主人公的母親。
  that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句,解釋說(shuō)明fact是什么。
  請(qǐng)?zhí)貏e注意,本句中的hero不做“英雄”來(lái)理解,而是指“主人公”。
  
4.A long-lost brother, who was presumed dead, was really alive all the time and wickedly plotting to bring about the hero's downfall.主人公一位長(zhǎng)期失散的兄弟,大家都以為死了,實(shí)際上一直活著,并且正在策劃暗算主人公。
  語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明是怎樣的一個(gè)兄弟。
5.And so on.如此等等。
  這個(gè)句子起承上啟下的作用,沒(méi)有什么實(shí)際意義。
6.Modern readers would find such naive solutions totally unacceptable.現(xiàn)代讀者會(huì)覺(jué)得這種天真的結(jié)局完全無(wú)法接受。
   unacceptable作賓語(yǔ)such naive solutions的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
  
7.Yet, in real life, circumstances do sometimes conspire to bring about coincidences which anyone but a nineteenth century novelist would find incredible.不過(guò),在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中,有時(shí)確實(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些巧合,這些巧合除了19世紀(jì)小說(shuō)家外誰(shuí)也不會(huì)相信。
  which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞coincidences,說(shuō)明巧合是什么。
  do sometimes conspire中的do為助動(dòng)詞,對(duì)謂語(yǔ)conspire起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。
  but不表示“但是”,而是作“除…之外”來(lái)理解。
  
8.When I was a boy, my grandfather told me how a German taxi driver, Franz Bussman, found a brother who was thought to have been killed twenty years before.當(dāng)我是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候,我祖父給我講了一位德國(guó)出租汽車(chē)司機(jī)弗朗茲。巴斯曼如何找到了據(jù)信已在20年前死去的兄弟的事。
  when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。主句中的Franz Bussman是a German taxi driver的同位語(yǔ)。Who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,修飾brother。
  
9.While on a walking tour with his wife, he stopped to talk to a workman.一次, 他與妻子徒步旅行。途中,停下來(lái)與一個(gè)工人交談。
  While on a walking tour with his wife放在句首,是一個(gè)省略式的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,可還原為:while he was on a walking tour with his wife。
10.A few days later, she sent a boy to the workman to ask him if his name was Hans Bussman.幾天后,她派了一個(gè)男孩去問(wèn)那人是否叫漢斯.巴斯曼。
  動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)to ask…作目的狀語(yǔ),即“派男孩去目的地是為了讓他去問(wèn)…”
  if his name was Hans Bussman為賓語(yǔ)從句,作ask的直接賓語(yǔ),him是間接賓語(yǔ)。
  
11.Needless to say, the man's name was Hans Bussman and he really was Franz's long-lost brother.不出巴斯曼夫人所料,那人的名字真是漢斯.巴斯曼,他確實(shí)是弗朗茲失散多年的兄弟。
  nedless to say是一個(gè)非常重要的表達(dá)。
  
12. When the brothers were reunited, Hans explained how it was that he was still alive.兄弟倆團(tuán)聚之時(shí),漢斯說(shuō)明了他活下來(lái)的經(jīng)過(guò)。
  when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。how it was that he was still alive為賓語(yǔ)從句,說(shuō)明explained的內(nèi)容,其中it是形式主語(yǔ),that引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主語(yǔ),這句話改寫(xiě)成正常語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該是he was still alive was how。
  注意were reunited不可譯為“被團(tuán)圓”,而應(yīng)譯為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
  
13. After having been wounded towards the end of the war, he had been sent to hospital and was separated from his unit.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)即將結(jié)束時(shí),他負(fù)傷被送進(jìn)醫(yī)院,并與部隊(duì)失去聯(lián)系。
  be separated from的意思是“被與…分開(kāi)”。
  
14. The hospital had been bombed and Hans had made his way back into Western Germany on foot.醫(yī)院遭到轟炸,漢斯步行回到了西德。
  make one's way back into的意思是“設(shè)法返回…”(即回到以前生活的地方)。
  
15. Meanwhile, his unit was lost and all records of him had been destroyed.與此同時(shí),他所在部隊(duì)被擊潰,他的所有檔案材料全部毀于戰(zhàn)火。
  was lost本意為“不見(jiàn)了,找不到了”,在此引申為“被擊潰”。
  had been destroyed強(qiáng)調(diào)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的嚴(yán)酷性,造成的毀壞幾乎無(wú)法修復(fù)。
  
16. Hans returned to his family home, but the house had been bombed and no one in the neighbourhood knew what had become of the inhabitants.漢斯重返故里,但他的家已被炸毀,左鄰右舍誰(shuí)也不知原住戶的下落。
  句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:but后面的分句說(shuō)明漢斯返回家鄉(xiāng)后看到的情景。What引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。
  family home的意思是“故里,老家”,相當(dāng)于hometown。
  become of在此理解為“遭受的情況是…”。
  
17. Assuming that his family had been killed during an air raid, Hans settled down in a village fifty miles away where he had remained ever since.漢斯以為全家人都在空襲中遇難,于是便在距此50英里外的一座村子里定居下來(lái),直至當(dāng)日。
  fifty miles away作village的后置定語(yǔ),說(shuō)明村子有多遠(yuǎn)。
  settle down的意思是“定居”(長(zhǎng)期居住在某地而不隨意搬家)。

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