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定語從句之關(guān)系代詞用法詳解
定語從句的概念：
在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。
2.先行詞： 被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。
3.關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的連詞叫關(guān)系詞。
關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞
關(guān)系代詞that，which，who(賓格為whom，所有格為whose)
關(guān)系副詞where，when，why等
（關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做主語，賓語，定語。關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中做狀語。）
提示： 關(guān)系詞在定語從句中有三大作用
1. 連接作用——連接先行詞和定語從句。
I gave her all the money that I had. 我把我所有的錢都給了她。
（that 連接先特詞 money和定語從句I had）
2. 替代作用——在定語從句中替代從句所修飾的先行詞。
The man who lives nest door is a famous teacher.住在隔壁的那個(gè)人是個(gè)名師。
（who 替代the man）
3. 成分作用——在定語從句中作主語、賓語、定語或狀語。
I like picrures which are painted in the traditional Chinese style.
我喜歡傳統(tǒng)的中國畫。（which在定語從句中作主語）
關(guān)系代詞：
that既可指人可指物，在句中作主語，不能省，作賓語，可以省略
eg：He is a man that/who often helps others. (作主語)
The letter that//which I received was from my father.（作賓語）
which指物，在句中作主語，不能省略；作賓語，可以省略。
e.g This is the book which/that you want.（作賓語）
The building which//that stands near the river is our school.（作主語）
who指人，在句中作主語，不能省略；作賓語，可以省略。
e.g This is the man who helped me.（作主語）
The boy who//whom we saw yesterday is John’s brother.（作賓語）
whom指人，在句中只能作賓語，可以省略。
e.g The person (whom) you just talked to is Mr. Li.（作賓語）
whose既可指人也可指物，在句中作定語。表示所屬關(guān)系。
e.g Do you know the woman whose name is Mary. （作定語）
Pass me the dictionary whose cover is black.（作定語）
注意：
that 和which 都可以修飾表示物的先行詞, 但是下列情況只能用that.
1. 先行詞是不定代詞all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等，如：
All that we have to do is to practice English. 我們要做的事情就是去練習(xí)英語。
2. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾，如：
The first letter that I got from him will be kept. 我收到他的第一封信將會(huì)被保存起來。
3. 先行詞被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修飾，如：
I've eaten up all the food that you gave me. 我把你給我的所有事物都吃光了。
4. 先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時(shí)，如：
He is the only person that I want to talk with. 他是我唯一想與之交談的人。
5. 先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)，如:
They talked about persons and things that they met. 他們談?wù)摿怂麄円姷降娜撕褪隆?br/>限時(shí)練習(xí)：
1.The book________ I read last night was fantastic.
that B.what C.whose D.who
2.Mr.Brown is a teacher _______ is strict with all his students.
which B.who C.where D.whom
3.--Hey,Anna.Would you like to see The White Storm with me
--You mean, the new policy story_____was filmed by Chen Musheng
who B.what C.whose D.which
4.I don’t like people_______ talk much but do little.
who B.which C.when D.where
5.True friends are those_____ always take care of you and encourage you to succeed.
which B.what B.whom D.who
先行詞是物時(shí)，一般情況既可用that也可用which.但下列情況下，只能用which不用that。
1.關(guān)系代詞放在介詞之后。
eg: This is the factory in which we once worked.
2.that, those作主語時(shí)。
eg: Those which are on the desk are English books.
綜合練習(xí)
1--What do you think of this movie
-- This is the best movie________I’ve ever seen.
that B.who C.what D.which
2--Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth,《流浪地球》？
--Yes.It’s the best one _______ I have ever seen
that B.which C. what D.it
3--Have you got ready for the soccer game
--Yes,I’ve done everything______ I can to win the game.
who B.that c. which
4.Most students like the teachers _______ understand them well.
which B.who C.where D.when
5.It’s bad for health to hurry to move into a house ________has new furniture.
who B.where C.that D.what
6.I like smart clothes________are made of silk.
who B.which C.what
7.We all miss Wu Mengchao_________saved thousands of lives in his medical work.
which B.what C.who
8.--Do you know the woman_______wears a blue skirt
--Oh,she’s my aunt.
which B.who D.what
9.--Do you like the weekly talk show, The Reader, on CCTV
--Sure. It’s a great TV programme______brings the habit of reading back into the public.
who B.that C.what
10. That is the day ______ I’ll never forget.
which B.on which C. in which D.when
11. The factory ______ we’ll visit next week isn’t far from here.
A.where B.to which C.which D.in which
12.Is there anyone in your class _____ family is in the country
A.who B.who’s C.which D.whose
13. I will never forget the day _____ I spent with your family.
that B.who C.whose D.whom
14.—Why don't you like fishing？
—Fishing is a hobby ____ needs much patience，but I'm not patient at all.
A．who　　 　 B．that　　 　 C．it　　　 　 D．what
15．The woman ____ is the most important in my life is my mother.
A．why B．who C．whom D．what

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