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2024-2025學年九年級英語被動語態詳解
概述
語態是動詞的一種形式，用來說明句子中主語和謂語動詞的具體關系。英語動詞有兩種語態：主動語態和被動語態。主動語態表示句子的主語是動作的執行者，即“主語做某事”；被動語態表示句子的主語是動作的承受者，即“主語被……”。因此，當我們表示“主語被……”時，要用被動語態。
二、結構
被動語態由“助動詞be + 及物動詞的過去分詞” 構成。
(助動詞be 有人稱、數和時態的變化，其變化規則與be 作為連系動詞時一樣。)
例： I am invited to go to the party by my friend.
The bulb was invented in 1879.
The movie will be shown next year.
三、句型變化
肯定句 English is widely used around the world.
否定句 English isn’t widely used around the world.
一般疑問句 Is English widely used around the world
肯定回答Yes, it is. 否定回答No, it isn’t.
特殊疑問句 Why is English widely used around the world
四、各種時態的被動語態
時態 被動語態結構 例句
一般現在時 am／is／are + done This language is spoken by few people in the world now.
一般過去時 was／were +done My 6-year-old brother was encouraged to go to school on his own.
一般將來時 will be+done／ be going to be +done A new park will be built next year.
現在完成時 have/has +been+done Journey to the West has been translated into several languages so far.
現在進行時 am/is/are+being+done I have to go to work by taxi because my car is being repaired at the garage.
過去進行時 was/were+being+done The farmer said the PLA men came to rescue timely when they were being trapped in the snowstorm.
含情態動詞被動語態 情態動詞 (must／can／could／may…) + be + done We should be allowed to make our own decisions.
五、主動語態改被動語態的方法：
①把原句中的賓語改成主語
②動詞改為變動形式be done(注意be的數和時態)
③把原句的主語變為賓語，并由by引出，指明做事的人或物（注意：by 后人稱代詞用賓格）
Jack cleans the room every day.（主動語態）
主語 謂語 賓語
The room is cleaned by Jack every day.（被動語態）
主語 謂語 by的賓語
限時練習：
( )1. The museum _____ next month to celebrate the Science and Technology Festival.
is decorated B. will decorate C. is decorating D. will be decorated
( )2. –Have you read the book Jane Eyre
-Yes. It’s a famous book and really worth ______.
A. to read B. reading C. to be read D. read
( )3. –Quite a few new laws and rules on food safety ______ into use last month.
-Can you tell me what they are
A. were putting B. have been put C. were put D. put
( )4. –Lily, will you go to Jenny’s birthday party this Saturday
-I’m not sure. Because I ____ so far.
A. haven’t invited B. wasn’t invited C.haven’t been invited D. will be in invited
( )5. –Your classroom is so clean.
-Of course. It _____ every day.
is cleaned B. was cleaned C. cleans D. cleaned
注意：
一．在使役動詞have, make, get以及感官動詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel, 等變為被動結構時，要加to
e.g The boss made him work 10 hours a day. (改為被動語態)
→ He was made to work 10 hours a day by the boss.
二．帶雙賓語的動詞變被動語態
帶雙賓語的動詞，如give, send, buy, leave, lend, offer, pay, teach, tell, make, pass, sell, show, borrow等，變被動語態時，一般將間接賓語(指人) 變為被動語態的主語，把直接賓語(指物)保留下來，也可把直接賓語(指物)變為被動語態的主語，把間接賓語留在后面，但要在間接賓語前加介詞to 或for，到底用to還是for，與前面所搭配的動詞有關。
e.g Jack gave her some money.（主動語態）
She was given some money by Jack.（被動語態）
Some money was given to her by Jack.（被動語態）
三．主動形式表被動意義的結構
(在need，want，require, 和 be worth等詞的后面跟動名詞形式，用主動形式表示被動。)
1.need doing sth. = need to be done. 某事需要被做。
My bike needs mending. =My bike needs to be mended. 我的自行車需要被修。
2....be worth doing . ...值得被做。
There are so many places of interest in our country that are worth visiting.
我們國家有許多名勝古跡值得一游。
四．無被動語態結構
1.系動詞沒有被動語態。如get, turn, seem, feel, sound, taste, look, feel等
不及物動詞無被動語態（write, read, sell等詞作不及物動詞時，他們的主語為物，可用主動語態表被動意義。)
表示“發生、進行”的不及物動詞和短語，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主動形式表示被動意義
【綜合題練】
1.— Have you heard of the UN Chinese Language Day
— Of course. Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world nowadays.
A．spoke B．is spoken C．speaks D．was spoken
2.Modern technologies ________ in the 19 Asian Games in September, 2023.
A．were used B．are using C．will be used
3.Many trees and flowers ________ every year to make our environment more beautiful.
A．plant B．are planted C．were planted
4.While everyone ________ the comics page, I picked up a copy to see what was so funny.
A．is laughing at B．laughed at C．laughs at D．was laughing at
5. –Quite a few new laws and rules on food safety ______ into use last month.
-Can you tell me what they are
A. were putting B. have been put C. were put D. put
6.. –Lily, will you go to Jenny’s birthday party this Saturday
-I’m not sure. Because I ____ so far.
A. haven’t invited B. wasn’t invited C.haven’t been invited D. will be in invited
7. –Your classroom is so clean.
-Of course. It _____ every day.
A. is cleaned B. was cleaned C. cleans D. cleaned
8..To make the environment much better, more trees ________ next year.
A．plant B．will plant C．are planted D．will be planted
9.A great number of beautiful flowers ________ on the second ring road in Chengdu these days.
A．plant B．are planted C．are planting
10.The 18th China International Alcoholic Drinks Expo (CIADE) ________ in Luzhou from April 13th to April 16th, 2023.
A．was held B．is held C．will be held D．has been held
11. How ______ the great hall ______ without any modern machines last year
A. is; built B. would; be built C. have; been built D. was; built
12. The girl was unhappy because she ______ by some boys in the class.
A. is laughed B. was laughed C. laughed at D. was laughed at
13. We ______ that the English test ______ next Monday.
A. are told; gives B. tell; will give C. are told; will be given D. told; is going to be given
14. Look! A big modern building ______ in our city.
A. is built B. was being build C. is being built D. has built
15. At last the boy was made_____ and began to laugh.
A．stop crying B．to stop to cry C．to stop crying D．stop to cry.
16. You have to stay at home if your homework________ before five o'clock.
A. isn't finished B. will finish C. finished D. wasn't finished
17. Its reported that Notre Dame de Paris（巴黎圣母院）_____in April 2019．
A. was burnt B. is burnt C. be burnt D. burnt

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