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期中復習專題—-語法專項
代詞專項---人稱代詞：
單數 復數 備注
主格 I you he she it we you they 做主語
賓格 me you him her it us you them 做賓語
答題技巧：
1. 先辨別是人還是物，確定是否用it；
2. 如果是第三人稱先辯性別，確定用she 還是he；
3. 看所填代詞在句子中的位置，一般，動詞前是主語要用主格，動詞或介詞后是賓語，要用賓格。
代詞專項--- 物主代詞：
單數 復數 備注
形容詞性 my your his her its our your their 后有名詞
名詞性 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 后無名詞
答題技巧：
1. 先辨別后面有無名詞, 有名詞用
2. 辨一辨第幾人稱, 如果是第三人單數稱要辯性別；
( ) 1. That girl is looking for _____ dictionary.
A. she B. hers C. her D. his
( ) 2. This is ________ bike It’s a birthday gift from my parents.
A. your B. my C. his D. her
( ) 3. Mr. Wang is very friendly, and ______ like him very much. A. we B. us C. our D. ours
( ) 4. Tom and Mike are good friends. _______ often help each others.
A. They B. Them C. Their D. Theirs
( ) 5. I’m talking to you ,Jack. Please listen to_______ carefully.
A. me B. mine C. you D. yours
時間介詞（in、on、at）專項：
1. in+ 季節、年份、月份、in the morning、in the afternoon
2. on+星期幾、具體日期、具體某一天的早晨中午晚上
3. at+時刻（點鐘）、at noon、 at night、 at dinner
地點介詞（in、on、at）
1. in+大地方（國家、城市）in China, in Shanghai
2. at+小地方（家、車站、學校）at home, at school, at the bus stop
3. on+街道、樓層、在上面、左右邊 on the street, on the third floor, on the left, on the table
( ) 6. The party will start ______ six o'clock this evening.
A. in B. on C. to D. at
( ) 7．We sent Tiangong II into the space ______ September 15th, 2016.
A. by B. on C.at D.in
( ) 8.We drove 5 hours and finally got to the city _____ Sunday morning.
A. on B. at C. of D. in
( ) 9. A lot of students in our school were born ____ March, 1981.
A. in B. at C. on D. since
( ) 10. --- Is your father home -- No，he’s working late ____ the office.
( )11. I can’t find your math book _____ the book self.
A. at B. to C. of D. on
( )12. ______ the first floor, we have science and computer labs.
A. In B. At C. To D. In
連詞專項（and、but、so、because）/or否則：
答題技巧：記清詞義是關鍵；做題時要考慮句子的邏輯關系，并列用and、轉折用but、因果關系要分清，前因后果，中間so；前果后因中間because。
練習題：
( ) 13. I had a fever, ____ I went to see a doctor.
A. for B. or C. but D. so
( ) 14.We did not enjoy the day ______ the weather was too bad.
A. or B. because C. but D. so
( ) 15. Nancy is a good student. She studies hard ____ she also likes to help others.
A. and B. so C. but D. or
( ) 16. There are no buses, ____ you’ll have to walk.
A. so B. or C. but D. for
( )17. I like coffee, ______ I don’t like tea.
A. and B. so C. but D. or
時態專項
時態 句子結構 時態標志詞
一般現在時 主語 + 動詞（主語三單+動詞變三單）常態 usually、always、sometimes、often、every day
現在進行時 主語 + 動詞be（am、is、are隨主語的人稱和數發生變化）+doing 正在發生的動作 now，at the moment 或句子前有Look！ Listen！
一般將來時 主語 + will do將要發生的動作 tomorrow next week/Monday in two years
主語 + be（am、is、are隨主語的人稱和數發生變化）going to do計劃的動作
一般過去時 主語 + 動詞過去式 （注意動詞過去式變化及不規則動詞變化）過去發生的動作已經結束的動作 yesterday、….ago the day before yesterday、long ago、once upon a time、last ……. that day、in the past days、just then、just now, once
寫出規則動詞過去式：+ed
look_______ appear_______ join_______ show_______ rush_______ enjoy_______ serve_______ share_______ face_______ describe_______ smile_______ decide_______
study_______ try_______ carry_______ worry_______ dry_______ plan_______ stop_______
寫出不規則動詞的過去式：
go_______ do_______ have_______ buy_______ fly_______ wear_______ is_______ are_______ hold_______ make_______ meet_______ get_______ feel_______ fall_______ find_______ begin_______ swim_______ think_______ put_______ write_______ know_______ give_______ ring_______ sing_______ hit _______take_______ read_______ see_______ run_______ hide_______ come_______ build_______ keep_______ win_______ teach_______
答題技巧：圈劃時態標志詞,看前后句時態.
練習題：
( ) 18. Lucy and Linda always ________ to the park on Sundays.
A. go B. goes C. went D. is going
( ) 19. My grandma ______ exercise every day and she is very healthy.
A. did B. does C. will do D. is doing
( ) 20. Look, the panda _____________ now.
A. sleep B. is sleeping C. sleeps D. slept
( ) 21.Guangzhou is a modern city and it ______ more beautiful in the future.
A. becomes B. became C. will become D. was becoming
( ) 22.Charlie ________ here next month.
A. is working B. works C. work D. will work
( ) 23. Last Sunday I didn’t play football, but I ________ basketball.
A. play B. playing C. played D. will play
( ) 24. My parents and I went to the zoo yesterday and we ____ a good time there.
A. have B. are having C. had D. will have
( ) 25. They _____ her to the party, so she was very happy.
A. invite B. invited C. will invite D. are inviting
( )26. ―Where is Mom ―She ______ in the kitchen.
cooked B. is cooking C. has cooked D. cooks
( )27．I ______new school bag yesterday.
A．am buying B．am going to buy C．buy D． bought
( )28. They ________ the sports meeting next week.
A．had B. is going to have C. have D． are going to have
冠詞
冠詞是置于名詞之前，對名詞起限制作用的一種虛詞。冠詞可以說是名詞的一種標志，它不能離開名詞而獨立存在。 冠詞分為不定冠詞“a，an”、定冠詞“the”和零冠詞三種。零冠詞指的是不用冠詞的情況。不定冠詞表示泛指，定冠詞表示特指。
一、不定冠詞 a/an
冠詞 包括 區別 舉例
不定冠詞 a 用于輔音音素開頭的單詞前 a book, a ruler, a university
an 用于元音音素開頭的單詞前 an egg, an umbrella, an honest boy
用法:
1.表示一類人或物。 Bill is a doctor.比爾是一位醫生。 A tiger can be dangerous.老虎可能是危險的。
2.表示數量，泛指同類事物中的 “一個”，含有“一”的意思。 There is a tiger in the zoo.動物園里有一只老虎。
3.表示泛指某人或某物，但不具體說明何人、何物。 We work five days a week.我們一星期工作5天。
4.用于一些固定短語中 in a hurry, have a look, a lot of, a moment ago, a few, a little, a couple of一對 a kind of， have a cold，have a good time， a great deal of 大量
5.表示單位量詞,“每一” I play the piano twice a week.
二、定冠詞 the 的用法
1.特指某(些)人或物。 The book on the chair is Jack's.椅子上的書是杰克的。
2.指談話雙方都知道的人或物。 What's the new student's name 那個新生叫什么名字
3.指上文提到過的人或物。 He lives in a house. The house is not big. 他住在一所房子里。那個房子不大。
4.與形容詞連用，表示一類人 The young should respect the old.
5.用于表示樂器的名詞之前。 The little girl can play the piano well. 這個小女孩鋼琴彈得很好。
6.用于序數詞、形容詞最高級或表示方位的名詞前。 The first island is the largest of the three.第一座島是三座島中最大的。the east 東方，the let左邊。
7.用于表示姓氏的詞前表示一家人或夫婦二人。 The Smiths are from England.史密斯一家來自英國。
8.用于世界上獨一無二的事物及某些專有名詞前。 The earth is bigger than the moon。地球比月球大。
9.用于一些固定短語中 in the morning, at the age of, in the end, on the left, by the way, at the moment, all the same, the day before yesterday 等。
三、零冠詞的用法
1.三餐前通常不加冠詞。 He had lunch with us yesterday.昨天他和我們一起吃午飯
2.球類，下棋等運動名詞前不加冠詞。 He likes play basketball. 他喜歡打籃球。
4.在物質名詞和抽象名詞前。 We can't live without air. 沒有空氣我們不能生存。
5.節曰、季節、星期、月份前。 If winter comes, can spring be far behind 冬天來了，春天還會遠嗎
6.國名、地名、人名前。 He went to Hangzhou last week.他上周去杭州了。
7.名詞前已有 this, that, my, your, some, any等限定詞。 I want to ask you some questions.我想問你一些問題。
8.表示泛指(一類人或事物)的復數名詞前。 Horses are useful animals.馬是有用的動物。
9.一些固定短語中一般不加冠詞 at home 在家,on foot 步行,by plane 坐飛機,at noon 在中午face to face 面對面,in trouble 處于困境中,in danger 處于危險中,go to school 去上學, go to bed 上床睡覺，on time, after school等。
10.學科、語言前不用冠詞 English is my favorite subject.
11.by 后的表示交通方式的名詞前不用冠詞 by train, by bike
冠詞專項練習
( )29.She can play_______ piano very well.
A. a B.an C./ D. the
( )30.He graduated from _______ university this summer and got _______unusual job luckily.
A. a, an B.an; a C. a; a D. an; an
( )31._______boy in a blue T-shirt is playing football with his classmates over there.
A. A B. The C./ D. An
( )32. Locus usually has _______egg and some milk for breakfast.
A. a B.an C. the D./
( )33. He is going to buy _______useful book. And _______book is on science.
A. a; an B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the
( )34.There is _______interview with Mr. Chen in our school's meeting room.
A. the B. a C.an D./
( )35.—Where do you usually have _______ lunch, Susan —At school.
A. a B./ C.an D. the
( )36.Little Tommy wants to be_______ English teacher when he grows up.
A. a B. an C. the D./
( )37.Poverty (負困） is a big problem, but China has done _______good job of dealing with it.
A .a B.an C. the D. /
( )38. --Let's ________ together! --Good idea.
A. playing basketball B. playing basketball C. play basketball D. play the basketball
名詞
可數名詞
(一)單數變復數--規則變化
類別 構成方法 例詞
一般情況 詞尾加-s cup--cups, friend--friends, banana--bananas
以 s,x,ch,sh 等結尾的詞 詞尾加-es class--classes, box--boxes, watch--watches, wish--wishes
以輔音字母加y結尾的詞 變y為i，再加-es dictionary--dictionaries, family --families
以f或結尾的詞 把 f/fe 變為 v，再加-es knife --knives，shelf--shelves
詞尾加-s roof --roofs
以o結尾的詞 詞尾加-es tomato--tomatoes, potato--potatoes, hero--heroes
詞尾加-s radio--radios, photo--photos
(二)單數變復數--不規則變化 (常見部分)
1.改變單數名詞中的元音字母或其他形式。如:man--men, woman--women, tooth--teeth, foot--feet, goose--geese, child--children等。
2.單復數形式相同。如：sheep, deer ,fish等。
3.以ese 或 ss 結尾的表示民族、國家的人的名詞也一樣單復數同形。如:Chinese, Japanese, Swiss等。
4.以 an 結尾或其他形式結尾的表示民族、國家的人的名詞變復數時在詞尾加-s。如：Germans，Americans, Asians等。
5.man, woman等修飾名詞構成合成詞時,一般兩個詞都變化。如:man servant--men servants, woman doctor--women doctors等。但是其他合成名詞只需把合成名詞中的中心詞變為復數形式即可。如:shoe factory--shoe factories。
(三)可數名詞用法:
1.可數名詞可以被基數詞(如one)、不定冠詞(a,an)或some, many, several, few, a few, a lot of, lots of，enough, plenty of, a number of等修飾。
2.對可數名詞的量提問時，要用how many。
不可數名詞
(1)一般沒有復數形式。如：some bread, a little milk等。
(2)不能用不定冠詞a/an或指示代詞this, that, these, those或數詞one, two, three等修飾，但可用定冠詞the或some, any, lots of, a lot of來修飾。例如：There is a lot of water in the bottle.
不可數名詞的數量要借助”基數詞+表示量的名詞+ of”短語表達，如three pieces of bread，two glasses of milk, two pieces of advice等。
(4)不可數名詞作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數形式。但是不可數名詞前有復數"量詞"時，謂語動詞要用復數形式。如:There are two cups of tea on the table.
用代詞指代不可數名詞時，用單數it，不用復數they 或them。
對不可數名詞前的修飾語提問用how much。如:How much tea is there in the cup
名詞所有格表示名詞間的所屬關系“…的”
(1)’s所有格
①單數名詞以及不以S結尾的復數名詞的所有格形式在詞尾加’s。
例如：Peter's book皮特的書，my father's jacket 我爸爸的夾克衫，children's music 兒童音樂
②名詞已有復數詞尾-s：只加’。
例如：Grandparents' room爺爺奶奶的房間， teachers’ books老師們的書
③兩個名詞并列，表示共同擁有：只在第二個名詞后加's。
例如：Tom and Lily's father 湯姆和莉莉的爸爸 (共同的爸爸)
④兩個名詞并列，表示分別擁有：分別加's。
例如：Tom's and Lily's fathers 湯姆的爸爸和莉莉的爸爸 (各自的爸爸)
(2)of所有格（無生命的名詞的所屬關系一般要用介詞of短語來構成）
例如：a map of China 一張中國地圖，a photo of my family 我的一張全家福
鞏固練習
( )39.-I am very hungry after a day's work. -Would you like three big ______
A. orange B. noodles C. sandwiches D. orange juice
( )40. Would you like______, please
A.two glass of water B. two glasses of water C. two glass of waters D. two glasses of waters
( )41.Tom is a friend of ______.
A.my mother's B. my mother C.my mothers D. mother's of me
( )42.--- Whose cup is this ---It's ______.
A. Liu Hua B. Liu Hua's C. Liu Huas D. Li Huas’
( )43.We're going to have ______next month.
two day’ holiday B. a two-day holiday C. two days holiday D. two days’ holiday
( )44.Katherine was excited to receive roses from her husband on ______ Day.
A. Woman B. Women C. Woman's D. Women's
there be句型
一、定義:表示某處存在某物或某人。
_________ a pen on the desk.
_________ some books in the bookcase.
結構
There 一般現在時 一般過去時
單數 is/is not 單數 was/was not
復數 are/are not 復數 were/were not
1、肯定句
1) There is /was+單數可數名詞/不可數名詞+地點狀語.
There _______a book on the desk.
There ________ some water in the cup last night.
2) There are/were +復數名詞+地點狀語.
There________ many students in our classroom.
There _________ two girls under the tree just now.
注意：就近原則
有兩個或兩個以上的名詞作主語，be 動詞要和最靠近它的主語在數上保持一致。
There _______an orange and some bananas on the table.
There________ some bananas and an orange on the table.
2、否定句（be 后加 not）
注意：當肯定句中有 some 時，要將其改為 any。
1) There is /was+not+單數可數名詞/不可數名詞+地點狀語.
There ________a book on the desk. 書桌上沒有一本書。
There was ___________ water in the cup last night.
2) There are/were +not+復數名詞+地點狀語.
There _________ many students in our classroom.
There _________ two girls under the tree just now.
3、一般疑問句（be 提前）
注意：當肯定句中有 some 時，要將其改為 any。
1) Is /Was there+單數可數名詞/不可數名詞+地點狀語
_________ a book on the desk
_____________ any water in the cup last night
2) Are/Were there +復數名詞+地點狀語
____________ many students in our classroom
____________ two girls under the tree just now
4、特殊疑問句（對數量提問）
1) How much+不可數名詞+is/was there+地點狀語？
How much water _________ in the cup last night
2) How many+復數名詞+are /were there+地點狀語？
How many students _________ in our classroom
三、There be 與 have 的區別：
(1) there be表示某個時間或地方“存在”某人或某物
have 表示某人或某物“擁有”，作賓語的某人或某物屬主語所有。
There are some children in the garden. 花園里有幾個孩子。
She has three cars. 她擁有三輛汽車。(汽車是屬于她的)
若是部分與整體關系時，有時用兩種表達方式都可以。如：
A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一周有七天。
( )45. There isn’t _____water in the glass. Let’s go and get some.
A. many B. lots C. any D. some
( )46. There _____a lot of news about Gu Ailing on TV last night.
A. was B. had C. is D. were
( )47.There _______ so much fun in music.
has B．are C．was D．is
( )48.There ______ an old tree in front of the building last week.
A. has B. is C. were D. was
( )49. There _____some books and a pen on the desk.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
( )50.There_____a pen and some books on the desk.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
( )51. — Are there any maps on the wall —____.
A. There are some B. Yes, there is C. Yes, there is one D. No, there are
( )52. There_____ something wrong with my knees.
is B. have C. has D. are
( )53.There _______ many old buildings in this street ten years ago.
A. has B. is C. were D. was
特殊疑問詞專項
疑問詞分疑問代詞和疑問副詞，本次復習部分重點詞匯：what、why、who、when、where、how old、how long、how many
答題技巧：看答語
練習題：
( ) 54. —______ is the population of China —It’s over 1,300,000,000.
A. How many B. How C. What D. How much is
( ) 55. _______ do you go to school every day —I usually go to school at 8:00.
A. Which B. When C. What D. Who
( ) 56. －_____ do you like pandas －Because they are cute.
A. Where B. Why C. When D. What
( ) 57．—_______ is your favorite writer — Lu Xun. I like his books.
A．Who B．What C．Which D．Whose
( ) 58. —_______ is London — It's in England.
A．Who B．What C．Where D．When

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