資源簡介

必修二 Unit 4 History and Traditions 第一課時教學設計
I.教材內容
本節課主要內容為開篇頁（Opening Page）和Video Time的內容。
II.教材分析
本單元開篇頁的名人名言是"A people without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots.",通過類比，形象地闡明了歷史起源及其所蘊含文化的重要性。
主題圖是流經倫敦的泰晤士河及其岸邊的重要建筑群：威斯敏斯特宮(又稱英國議會大廈)、大本鐘，以及橫跨泰晤士河、連接西岸威斯敏斯特和東岸蘭伯斯的威斯敏斯特橋，比較集中地體現了英國的歷史文化風貌，也可以說是英國歷史、地理、人文、建筑藝術等方面的一個縮影。
Video Time板塊的主題是“倫敦歷史景點介紹”(An introduction to historic London)。該視頻全面細致地介紹了倫敦的概況和歷史文化景點，從泰晤士河上的威斯敏斯特橋，到議會大廈、大本鐘，再到倫敦橋、倫敦塔、威斯敏斯特大教堂，以及圣詹姆士公園、白金漢宮、國家美術館、特拉法加廣場等。
倫敦是英國的首都，也是其政治、經濟和文化中心，有著悠久的歷史，同時又是國際化大都市。鑒于開篇頁和Video Time都是有關倫敦的景點，把這兩部分整合在一起，使學生深入了解倫敦，更好地了解英國社會文化及英語語言的文化背景，從而促進后期的英語學習。
III.課時目標
1. 熟悉單元的主題語境，明確單元的主要學習任務；
2. 了解倫敦的景點和歷史文化，增強英語背景知識和學習興趣；
3. 學習掌握有關景點描述的詞匯和表達；
4. 學習利用詞典來了解詞匯和文化背景知識。
IV.教學思路
在學生瀏覽開篇頁之后，教師以"History and Tradition"主題為主線，通過問題鏈引導學生討論本單元的主要學習內容，幫助學生熟悉單元學習的主題語境。
在此基礎上過渡到倫敦的景點介紹。Video Time涉及不少倫敦景點的名稱，視頻語速較快，文本很長，生詞較多，對學生的理解造成一定困難。因此教師將文本設計為聽力填空練習，同時插入一些猜詞練習。在觀看視頻前，帶領學生準快速瀏覽文本，了解涉及的景點，幫助學生準確讀出這些名稱，然后再進行聽力練習和視頻觀看，幫助學生深入地理解視頻內容并學習相關詞匯和表達。
V.教學過程
Activity 1:Discuss the Opening Page
What do you know about the building in the picture
What's the title of the unit What do you think will be learned in this unit
Read the quote on the Opening Page. What does it mean
Is it important for a people to know their history and traditions Why "
Can you list some other historic sites in London
設計說明：從主題圖入手，自然導入單元話題。最后引出關于Video Time中其他景點的介紹。
Activity 2: Match the place names with the photos
設計說明：激活背景知識，吸引學生興趣，同時保證學生能準確讀出這些景點名稱，為后面的聽和看做好準備。
Activity 3: Read the script for the gist
What’s the function of the first paragraph
What does Samuel Johnson’s words imply
What sites are mentioned
設計說明：使學生初步了解聽力和視頻內容，培養閱讀理解能力。
Activity 4: Listen without watching
Listen and fill in the blanks.（文本填空設計附后）
Listen again and check the answers.
Pay attention to the underlined words.
Answer: What makes London a great city to walk in
設計說明：幫助學生獲取重要的細節信息，降低視頻觀看難度。
Activity 5: Watch the video
Check the answers to the previous activities.
Finish this exercise.
設計說明：觀看視頻，使學生對相關景點的文化歷史面貌有進一步直觀認識，增進理解，激發興趣。
Activity 6: Focus on the language
Guess the meaning of the underlined words and then look up the exact meaning of the following words in the dictionary.
Find out the expressions to describe a place.
設計說明：培養學生利用上下文猜測詞義并快速查閱詞典。充分利用資源，挖掘文本素材，在鮮活真實的材料中學習地道的語言表達，也為后面的活動做好鋪墊。
Activity 7: Discuss in groups
What historic places in London would you like to visit Why
(Students can refer to the dictionary for more information. Eg
.)
設計說明：深度理解文本，調動學生的主動學習意識，讓他們在互相討論的過程中進行思維的碰撞，訓練他們的邏輯思維能力和口頭表達能力。
Assignment:
Go over the video script.
Write about you favourite historic site in London.
設計說明：進一步熟悉鞏固課堂所學，通過寫作來理清思路，提升關于景點的表達能力。
附：文本填空設計
說明：黃色背景劃線詞是需要填空的內容，無背景劃線詞為猜詞內容，綠色背景詞為需要加注釋的詞，劃線句為景點描寫語匯。
London is one of the world’s ten great cities and it’s a perfect blending of the past and the present. A city with so many places to visit that you can never find the time to view them all. Samuel Johnson was right when he said that when someone is tired of London, he is tired of life.
Here’s the Westminster Bridge on the River Thames. It’s a great city to walk in as there are no hills to negotiate on foot and the best starting point is near the Parliament Buildings in Westminster Bridge with its views of the Parliament Buildings and Big Ben.
With a population of almost 9 million people, London is Europe’s biggest city, spreading over an area of more than 900 square miles from its core on the River Thames.
The Tower Bridge has long symbolised the city of London to people around the world. It’s the gateway to the capital for ships coming upriver to dock in the port and it is the first bridge over the Thames coming upriver from the east. Ships are not required to wait-The road traffic on the bridge must give way to the traffic on the river.
The Tower of London marks the eastern extent of the old city. It's usually thought of as a place of imprisonment and death but has variously been used though as an armoury（軍械庫）, royal residence and a repository（貯藏室） of the crown jewels. And not far from the Tower of London is the spectacular King's Cross Station where thousands of people grab subways and trains every day.
And this is Westminster Abbey, founded in the 8th century. Since William the Conqueror onwards, all royal funerals, most coronations, have happened inside Westminster Abbey. Many of the nation’s most famous citizens are honoured here, too.
St James Park. Contrary to many expectations, London is a very green city with sizeable parks right in the centre. St James Park here is the oldest of the royal parks and it's also the smallest and most ornamental（裝飾性的）.
Here are the gates of Buckingham Palace, and nearby on Whitehall, the site of a concentration of government buildings. The two guardsmen posted front, on Horse Guards Parade are famously quite unruffled（平靜，鎮定） by the crowds of tourists.
The hubs of political and royal London - Parliament and Buckingham Palace - are surprisingly not that close together.
And here again is Buckingham Palace. It served as the monarch’s permanent residence since the ascension（就職，登基） of Queen Victoria. The building’s exterior(外部), remodelled in 1913, is, as some critics say, as bland（枯燥，無趣的） as it's possible to be. Buckingham Palace, however, has been open to the public since 1993 for two months of the year. Crowds assemble here around 11: 00 a.m. each day to watch the always-popular Changing of the Guard.
The most important role of the monarchy is to represent the four component parts of the United Kingdom. Those four parts are of course England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.
This is the National Gallery, on the north side of Trafalgar Square. It contains one of the world’s great art collections. Here you’ll find a vast range of paintings from Raphael to Botticelli, from Titian to Velazquez, from Goya to Rembrandt, and David to Cezanne and Monet, all here at the National Gallery.
Trafalgar Square. The huge traffic island of Trafalgar Square is dominated by Nelson's Column, a vast pillar （支柱）topped with a statue of Admiral Horatio Nelson. This grand square has been a traditional place for public meetings ever since 1848. Many political marches end here with rallies（集會） and with speakers usually address the crowds from the base of the column. Four huge lions, designed by Victorian painter Landseer, guard the column's base. Two adjacent（相鄰的）fountains provide a magnet for overheated sightseers during the summer.
And here is Big Ben and the Houses of Parliament. Also called the Palace of Westminster. These grand buildings stand on the side of the palace that was the seat of the English kings for five centuries. Though they look older, these current buildings were constructed in the mid-1800s after a fire devastated the original palace. It's a mix of Gothic and Elizabethan styles, a mass of pinnacles（尖塔） and tracery（花飾）. The clock tower known around the world, Big Ben, is 320-feet high. Big Ben is of course the name applied to this tower but it is in fact the name of its main bell.
The writer W. U. Weatherby wrote “One goes to London at last as Americans go to New York. To experience the shock of vitality, from so many millions living together and to see the country in a melting pot.”
London is one of the world’s ten great cities and it’s a perfect blending of the past and the present. A city with so many places to visit that you can never find the time to view them all. Samuel Johnson was right when he said that when someone is tired of London, he is tired of life.
Here’s the Westminster Bridge on the River Thames. It’s a great city to walk in as there are no hills to negotiate on foot and the best starting point is near the Parliament Buildings in Westminster Bridge with its views of the Parliament Buildings and Big Ben.
With a population of almost 9 million people, London is Europe’s biggest city, spreading over an area of more than 900 square miles from its core on the River Thames.
The Tower Bridge has long symbolised the city of London to people around the world. It’s the gateway to the capital for ships coming upriver to dock in the port and it is the first bridge over the Thames coming upriver from the east. Ships are not required to wait-The road traffic on the bridge must give way to the traffic on the river.
The Tower of London marks the eastern extent of the old city. It's usually thought of as a place of imprisonment and death but has variously been used though as an armoury（軍械庫）, royal residence and a repository（貯藏室） of the crown jewels. And not far from the Tower of London is the spectacular King's Cross Station where thousands of people grab subways and trains every day.
And this is Westminster Abbey, founded in the 8th century. Since William the Conqueror onwards, all royal funerals, most coronations, have happened inside Westminster Abbey. Many of the nation’s most famous citizens are honoured here, too.
St James Park. Contrary to many expectations, London is a very green city with sizeable parks right in the centre. St James Park here is the oldest of the royal parks and it's also the smallest and most ornamental（裝飾性的）.
Here are the gates of Buckingham Palace, and nearby on Whitehall, the site of a concentration of government buildings. The two guardsmen posted front, on Horse Guards Parade are famously quite unruffled（平靜，鎮定） by the crowds of tourists.
The hubs of political and royal London - Parliament and Buckingham Palace - are surprisingly not that close together.
And here again is Buckingham Palace. It served as the monarch’s permanent residence since the ascension（就職，登基） of Queen Victoria. The building’s exterior(外部), remodelled in 1913, is, as some critics say, as bland（枯燥，無趣的） as it's possible to be. Buckingham Palace, however, has been open to the public since 1993 for two months of the year. Crowds assemble here around 11: 00 a.m. each day to watch the always-popular Changing of the Guard.
The most important role of the monarchy is to represent the four component parts of the United Kingdom. Those four parts are of course England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.
This is the National Gallery, on the north side of Trafalgar Square. It contains one of the world’s great art collections. Here you’ll find a vast range of paintings from Raphael to Botticelli, from Titian to Velazquez, from Goya to Rembrandt, and David to Cezanne and Monet, all here at the National Gallery.
Trafalgar Square. The huge traffic island of Trafalgar Square is dominated by Nelson's Column, a vast pillar （支柱）topped with a statue of Admiral Horatio Nelson. This grand square has been a traditional place for public meetings ever since 1848. Many political marches end here with rallies（集會） and with speakers usually address the crowds from the base of the column. Four huge lions, designed by Victorian painter Landseer, guard the column's base. Two adjacent（相鄰的）fountains provide a magnet for overheated sightseers during the summer.
And here is Big Ben and the Houses of Parliament. Also called the Palace of Westminster. These grand buildings stand on the side of the palace that was the seat of the English kings for five centuries. Though they look older, these current buildings were constructed in the mid-1800s after a fire devastated the original palace. It's a mix of Gothic and Elizabethan styles, a mass of pinnacles（尖塔） and tracery（花飾）. The clock tower known around the world, Big Ben, is 320-feet high. Big Ben is of course the name applied to this tower but it is in fact the name of its main bell.
The writer W. U. Weatherby wrote “One goes to London at last as Americans go to New York. To experience the shock of vitality, from so many millions living together and to see the country in a melting pot.”

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