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2024人教版九年級英語上冊期中by的用法專題復習練習題
語法精講
1）在此結構中，by是介詞，意為“通過，使用”
2）常用來回答how引導的問句。
---How will you catch up with others in your class ---By studying harder.
（一）易混辨析：
1. by的用法：以..方式、方法，表示傳達、傳遞的方式或媒介+doing
I improve my English by reading a lot.
2. through +抽象n. ,表示方式，方法，“從，憑借，通過”，強調經歷了某個過程，具有較強的中介性。（through表示通...方式時,可與by 互換，但 through 后面常+n.)
e.g. He got the job through a friend.
He made progress through efforts.他通過努力取得進步。(經歷過程)
hear sth. through sb.通過某人聽說某事（中介性）
look through a telescope用望遠鏡看（目光從一端進，從另一端穿出）
3.in +語言/材料/顏色/衣著/聲調
in+語言 in English 用英語 speak in a soft voice /in a loud voice 輕聲地/大聲地講
in red 穿紅色的衣服
4.with 的用法：表示借助某種具體的手段,工具或身體部位等。
1 ) with +冠詞/限定詞+工具(cn.) We like to write with a pen/my pen.
2 )with+cn復 We can listen to music with ears.
5.on 的用法：
on +the+電器/媒介/網絡 on the radio/on the Internet
（二）by的其他用法
1. by+地點，表示位置，在...旁邊
e.g. I’m sitting by the pool and drinking orange juice.
2. by+交通工具，表示交通出行方式，乘,坐...(交通工具) by bus/bike/train
3. by+時間，表示在...之前，不遲于...,截止到...
e.g. Mom told him to come back home by 10:00.
4. by+ doing, 通過某種方式 by writing a letter
5. by+付款方式，用...付款， We can pay it by Wechat.我們可用用微信付款
6. by+百分比，以...的幅度 increase by 10% 增長了10%
7.動詞+by, 表示經過，路過 walk/pass by走過、經過
8.被動語態+by+動作的執行者 被...怎么樣
9.by表示由...所做 The music by Mozart is famous all over the world.
10．by表示方法，手段，翻譯為”根據,憑借，以...” Don’t judge a book by its cover.
（三）by的固定搭配
by the way順便說一下 by accident/chance 偶然地 by mistake錯誤地
by the end of截止到...時間 by oneself獨自地，親自地 by hand =hand-made手工地
word by word逐字地 one by one一個接著一個 step by step逐步地
bit by bit=little by little 一點點地 by the time到...為止 drop by順便拜訪
by all means千方百計 by no means絕不是 by turns輪流，依次
by nature 天生地 by sea乘船 / by the sea在海邊 by heart牢記，熟記
基礎訓練
一、單項選擇
1．Mary prefers to ________ a bike to school rather than go to school ________ bus.
A．by; take B．take; by C．ride; by D．by; ride
2．________ the end of this week, more than 200 students have taken part in this event.
A．By B．At C．In D．To
3．It’s really hot on summer days, so people like to set up camp ________ the lake.
A．over B．under C．by D．behind
4．Things made ________ hand are usually more expensive than those made in factories.
A．on B．by C．in D．at
5．—________ can we stop the air pollution
—By planting more trees and living a green life.
A．When B．Where C．Why D．How
6．Maria is from France. She studies English by ________ English movies.
A．watch B．watching C．to watch D．watched
二、單詞拼寫
7．I learn English (通過聽磁帶).
8．Henry was sitting over there (在窗戶旁).
9．Kate likes to travel (乘火車) and enjoy the sights.
10．The trees (沿河) are all very tall.
11．John is afraid to stay at home (他自己).
12．Will the rain stop (在……之前)12:00
三、完成句子
13．里克喜歡在晴朗的下午坐在窗邊讀書。
Rick likes to sit and read books in the sunny afternoon.
14．安娜向我道歉，因為她錯把我的數學書帶回家了。
Anna said sorry to me because she took my math book home .
15．羅馬不是一天建成的，所以我們應該努力學習，一步一步取得進步。
Rome was not built in a day, so we should study hard and make progress .
16．They take the train to work every day. （改為同義句）
They go to work every day.
17．記著在星期五之前把你的報告準備好。
Remember your report Friday.
提升訓練
一、單項選擇
1．—________ do you learn English words
—________ making word cards.
A．How, To B．How, By C．What, For D．What, By
2．—Helen, is your new skirt made _______ cotton
—Yes, it is. And it was made _______ hand. My mother made it for me.
A．from; in B．of; by C．from; at D．of; at
3．—What else should I pay attention to ________ energetic
—I think you can get energy ________ enough sleep.
A．to become; by B．to become; through
C．becoming; by D．becoming; through
4．The radio was invented ________ Guglielmo Marconi ________ 1895.
A．with;in B．by;at C．from;on D．by;in
5．________ the money, he helped a lot of homeless people build houses.
A．Spend B．In C．With D．Use
6．The stone is used _________ a table _________ us.
A．as; by B．by; as C．as; as
7．Next week I will go to Mount Emei ________ plane. But my parents would like to go there ________ a train.
A．on; by B．by; on C．by; in D．in; by
8．Roy usually goes to school ________ bus, but today he goes to school ________ his father’s car.
A．by; by B．by; on C．on; in D．by; in
9．I want to send Mary a card. She can________ it in a few days________ post.
A．receive; for B．receives; with C．receive; by D．receives; to
10．—You could call him ________ .
—I don’t want to talk about it ________ the phone.
A．up; in B．up; on C．on; on D．up; by
11．He climbed up the ladder ________ the wall and went into the classroom ________ the open window.
A．through; against B．against; through C．along; by D．by; across
12．—Do you know Huawei Mate 60 pro
—Yes, it’s very nice! We are proud ________ it because it’s made ________ Chinese.
A．in; in B．of; of C．of; by
13． —There are so many books on the shelf. Which one do you like best
—The Old Man and the Sea ________ Hemingway.
A．wrote by B．written by C．written
14．The telephone is ________ the window.
A．with B．in C．by D．to
15．—________ does your father go to work
—He goes to work ________ his car.
A．How; by B．What; on C．How; in D．What; drive
二、完成句子
16．你可以通過多聽英文歌曲來提高你的英語成績。（by）
You can improve your English English songs a lot.
17．通過使用互聯網或看游戲類節目來放松是很不錯的，但是我們認為最好的放松方式是鍛煉。
It is good to relax by or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is .
18．He studies English by working with friends.(對劃線部分提問)
_______ ______ he study English
19．The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bel. (對劃線部分提問)
was the telephone invented
20．只有博覽群書，我們才能增長知識、開闊眼界。
Only by can we gain more knowledge and broaden our horizons.
答案解析
基礎訓練
一、單項選擇
1．Mary prefers to ________ a bike to school rather than go to school ________ bus.
A．by; take B．take; by C．ride; by D．by; ride
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：Mary寧愿騎自行車去上學，也不愿意乘公共汽車。
考查動詞和介詞。by通過，后跟交通方式，表示“乘坐……”；take乘坐，后加冠詞+交通方式，表示“乘坐……”；ride騎車。ride a bike“騎自行車”；by bus“乘公共汽車”。故選C。
2．________ the end of this week, more than 200 students have taken part in this event.
A．By B．At C．In D．To
【答案】A
【詳解】句意：截至本周末，已有200多名學生參加了此次活動。
考查介詞辨析。by表示“到……為止”，用于表示時間的截止點；at表示具體的時間點；in表示在一段時間內；to表示方向或目的地。根據“...more than 200 students have taken part in...”可知，此處指到本周末為止，已經有200多名學生參加了此次活動，by the end of“到……為止”。故選A。
3．It’s really hot on summer days, so people like to set up camp ________ the lake.
A．over B．under C．by D．behind
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：夏天真的很熱，所以人們喜歡在湖邊露營。
考查介詞。over在……上方；under在……下面；by在……旁邊；behind在……后面。根據“set up camp...the lake”可知，是在湖邊露營，用介詞by。故選C。
4．Things made ________ hand are usually more expensive than those made in factories.
A．on B．by C．in D．at
【答案】B
【詳解】句意：手工制作的東西通常比工廠生產的要貴。
考查介詞辨析和介詞短語。on表示在某物表面上；by表示通過某種方式或手段；in表示在某個空間內；at表示在某個具體地點。根據“Things made... hand”可知，此處指“手工制作的東西”，應使用by hand表示“手工制作”。故選B。
5．—________ can we stop the air pollution
—By planting more trees and living a green life.
A．When B．Where C．Why D．How
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：——我們怎樣才能阻止空氣污染？——通過種植更多的樹木和過綠色生活。
考查疑問詞。When什么時候；Where在哪里；Why為什么；How如何。根據答語“By planting more trees and living a green life.”可知，此處詢問的是阻止空氣污染的方式，詢問方式用how。故選D。
6．Maria is from France. She studies English by ________ English movies.
A．watch B．watching C．to watch D．watched
【答案】B
【詳解】句意：瑪麗亞來自法國。她通過看英語電影學習英語。
考查非謂語動詞。by是介詞，后面跟動名詞形式。故選B。
二、單詞拼寫
7．I learn English (通過聽磁帶).
【答案】by listening to tapes
【詳解】句意：我通過聽磁帶學習英語。通過“by”，為介詞；聽“listen to”，為動詞短語，位于介詞by后用動名詞形式；磁帶“tape”，為名詞，用復數形式表示泛指。故填by；listening；to；tapes。
8．Henry was sitting over there (在窗戶旁).
【答案】by the window
【詳解】句意：亨利坐在那邊靠窗的地方。根據中文提示，by the window“在窗戶旁”符合語境，為介詞短語。故填by；the；window。
9．Kate likes to travel (乘火車) and enjoy the sights.
【答案】by train
【詳解】句意：凱特喜歡乘火旅行，欣賞風景。by train“乘火”。故填by；train。
10．The trees (沿河) are all very tall.
【答案】by the river
【詳解】句意：沿河邊的樹都很高。根據句意及所給漢語提示可知，考查介詞by的用法，by作介詞時，意思是“靠近；在……旁邊”，by the river“沿河邊”，在句中作后置定語，表位置，故填by；the；river。
11．John is afraid to stay at home (他自己).
【答案】by himself
【詳解】句意：John不敢自己呆在家里。by himself“他自己”。故填by；himself。
12．Will the rain stop (在……之前)12:00
【答案】by/before
【詳解】句意：雨會在12點之前停嗎？by/before“在……之前”，介詞，故填by/before。
三、完成句子
13．里克喜歡在晴朗的下午坐在窗邊讀書。
Rick likes to sit and read books in the sunny afternoon.
【答案】by the window
【詳解】空處表達的是“在窗邊”，用介詞短語by the window表示。故填by the window。
14．安娜向我道歉，因為她錯把我的數學書帶回家了。
Anna said sorry to me because she took my math book home .
【答案】by mistake
【詳解】根據中英文對照可知，空處缺少了“錯誤地”，英文表達為by mistake，介詞短語。故填by；mistake。
15．羅馬不是一天建成的，所以我們應該努力學習，一步一步取得進步。
Rome was not built in a day, so we should study hard and make progress .
【答案】step by step
【詳解】“一步一步”用英語表達為“step by step”，副詞短語。故填step；by；step。
16．They take the train to work every day. （改為同義句）
They go to work every day.
【答案】by train
【詳解】句意：他們每天乘火車上班。根據take the train表示“乘火車”，“乘火車”的另一種表達方式是by train，因此在句中可以用“動詞+by train ”替換。故填by; train。
17．記著在星期五之前把你的報告準備好。
Remember your report Friday.
【答案】to get ready by
【詳解】remember to do sth“記得要做某事”；get sth ready“準備好某物”；by“在……之前”。故填to；get；ready；by。
提升訓練
一、單項選擇
1．—________ do you learn English words
—________ making word cards.
A．How, To B．How, By C．What, For D．What, By
【答案】B
【詳解】句意：——你是如何學習英語單詞的？——通過制作單詞卡片。
考查特殊疑問句及介詞辨析。How怎樣；What什么；To到；By通過；For為了。根據答句“By making word cards”可知，問句是詢問方式，應用how引導特殊疑問句，by表示方法手段。故選B。
2．—Helen, is your new skirt made _______ cotton
—Yes, it is. And it was made _______ hand. My mother made it for me.
A．from; in B．of; by C．from; at D．of; at
【答案】B
【詳解】句意：——海倫，你的新裙子是棉制的嗎？——是的。而且是手工制作的。是我媽媽給我做的。
考查介詞辨析。from來自……；in采用；of由……制成；by通過……方式； at在。第一空根據“…is your new skirt made…cotton ”可知，此處指的是衣服是由棉制成的，用介詞of表示；第二空根據“And it was made…hand”可知，此處是指衣服通過手工的方式做成的，用介詞by。故選B。
3．—What else should I pay attention to ________ energetic
—I think you can get energy ________ enough sleep.
A．to become; by B．to become; through
C．becoming; by D．becoming; through
【答案】B
【詳解】句意：——為了變得精力充沛，我還應該注意什么？ ——我認為你可以通過充足的睡眠來獲得能量。
考查動詞不定式和介詞。become變得；by通過，表示方式和手段等；through通過，表示某種途徑或者渠道。根據“What should I attention to”可知，to為介詞，其賓語是What else，因此第一個空格應該用動詞不定式表示目的。根據“enough sleep”可知，為某種途徑，因此選through。故選B。
4．The radio was invented ________ Guglielmo Marconi ________ 1895.
A．with;in B．by;at C．from;on D．by;in
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：收音機是由古列爾莫·馬可尼于1895年發明的。
考查介詞辨析。with和……一起，攜帶；by被……；from來自……；in用于年、月、季節前；at用于具體時間點前；on用于節日、星期及具體某一天。第一空，空后是發明者，用by表被某人發明；第二空，空后是年份，用in。故選D。
5．________ the money, he helped a lot of homeless people build houses.
A．Spend B．In C．With D．Use
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：他用這些錢幫助很多無家可歸的人蓋房子。
考查詞匯辨析。spend花費；in在……里面；with用；use使用。根據“he helped a lot of homeless people build houses.”可知，應是他用這些錢幫忙蓋房子，he是主語，與動詞use之間是主動關系，前半句在句中作狀語，所以應使用現在分詞，而不是動詞原形，排除D，故選C。
6．The stone is used _________ a table _________ us.
A．as; by B．by; as C．as; as
【答案】A
【詳解】句意：石頭被我們當做桌子使用。
考查介詞用法。as作為，by被。be used as表示“被當作……”，為固定搭配，再根據“is used”可知，本句為一般現在時的被動語態，故第二個空需by“被”。故選A。
7．Next week I will go to Mount Emei ________ plane. But my parents would like to go there ________ a train.
A．on; by B．by; on C．by; in D．in; by
【答案】B
【詳解】句意：下周我將乘飛機去峨眉山。但是我的父母想坐火車去那里。
考查介詞辨析。on在……上；by通過；in在……里面。by plane表示乘飛機，on a train表示乘火車。故選B。
8．Roy usually goes to school ________ bus, but today he goes to school ________ his father’s car.
A．by; by B．by; on C．on; in D．by; in
【答案】D
【詳解】句意：Roy通常坐公交去上學，但是他今天坐他爸爸的車去上學。
考查介詞辨析。by通過；on在……上；in在……里。第一空表示“乘坐公交車”，應用介詞“by”，by+交通工具，表示出行方式，排除選項C；第二空表示“坐某人的車”，應用介詞“in”。故選D。
9．I want to send Mary a card. She can________ it in a few days________ post.
A．receive; for B．receives; with C．receive; by D．receives; to
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：我想寄給瑪麗一張卡片。通過郵寄她可以在幾天后收到。
考查情態動詞的用法和介詞的用法。情態動詞can后面跟動詞原形，因此receive應該使用動詞原形，排除BD；for為了；by通過。通過郵寄的方式，應該使用介詞短語by post。故選C。
10．—You could call him ________ .
—I don’t want to talk about it ________ the phone.
A．up; in B．up; on C．on; on D．up; by
【答案】B
【詳解】句意：——你可以給他打電話。——我不想在電話上談論這件事。
考查介詞的用法。call sb. up“給某人打電話”；on the phone“在電話上，通過電話”。故選B。
11．He climbed up the ladder ________ the wall and went into the classroom ________ the open window.
A．through; against B．against; through C．along; by D．by; across
【答案】B
【詳解】句意：他爬上靠墻的梯子，從開著的窗戶走進教室。
考查介詞詞義辨析。through（從內部）穿過；against倚靠；along沿著；by通過；across（強調從某物的表面）穿過。根據第一個空空后的“the wall”可知，此處指他爬上靠墻的梯子，所以應用against；根據第二個空空后的“the open window”可知，此處應用介詞through。故選B。
12．—Do you know Huawei Mate 60 pro
—Yes, it’s very nice! We are proud ________ it because it’s made ________ Chinese.
A．in; in B．of; of C．of; by
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：——你知道華為嗎？——是的，它非常好。我們對它感到驕傲，因為它是中國人制造的。
考查介詞。in在，后面加大地點；of……的；by被。第一個空根據“We are proud…it”可知，指的是對它感到驕傲，“對……感到驕傲”為be proud of，所以排除A；第二個空根據“it’s made…Chinese”可知，指的是中國人制造，“被某人制造”為be made by。故選C。
13． —There are so many books on the shelf. Which one do you like best
—The Old Man and the Sea ________ Hemingway.
A．wrote by B．written by C．written
【答案】B
【詳解】句意：——書架上有這么多書。你最喜歡哪一本？——海明威寫的《老人與海》。
考查非謂語動詞和介詞。動詞write與它所修飾的名詞“The Old Man and the Sea”存在邏輯上的動賓關系，應用過去分詞written作定語，且用介詞by引出動作“write”的執行者Hemingway。故選B。
14．The telephone is ________ the window.
A．with B．in C．by D．to
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：電話在窗邊。
考查詞義辨析。with和；in在里面；by在……旁；to到。根據“The telephone is...the window.”可知，電話應是在窗邊，空處應是by。故選C。
15．—________ does your father go to work
—He goes to work ________ his car.
A．How; by B．What; on C．How; in D．What; drive
【答案】C
【詳解】句意：——你爸爸怎么去上班？——他開車去上班。
考查特殊疑問句和介詞。How怎么；What什么；by通過；on在……上；in在……里面；drive駕駛（動詞）。根據“goes to work...car”可知，對出行方式提問用How；第二個空應是in，by car＝in one’s car“坐車”。故選C。
二、完成句子
16．你可以通過多聽英文歌曲來提高你的英語成績。（by）
You can improve your English English songs a lot.
【答案】by listening to
【詳解】根據中英文對照可知，此處缺少“通過聽”，“通過”譯為by，介詞后接動名詞；“聽”譯為listen to。故填by listening to。
17．通過使用互聯網或看游戲類節目來放松是很不錯的，但是我們認為最好的放松方式是鍛煉。
It is good to relax by or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is .
【答案】using the Internet through exercise
【詳解】根據中英文提示可知，use the Internet“使用互聯網”，by是介詞，其后動詞用動名詞形式；through“憑借”，介詞；exercise“鍛煉”，不可數名詞。故填using；the；Internet；through；exercise。
18．He studies English by working with friends.(對劃線部分提問)
_______ ______ he study English
【答案】How does
【詳解】句意：他通過和朋友一起學習英語。劃線部分為“by working with friends”是方式，提問方式用“how”，原句是含有實意動詞的一般現在時，劃線部分提問要添加助動詞does，把動詞的三單形式改為原形。故填How does。
19．The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bel. (對劃線部分提問)
was the telephone invented
【答案】Who by
【詳解】句意：亞歷山大·格雷厄姆·貝爾發明了電話。劃線部分表示人，提問用疑問詞“who”，表達“被誰發明”用“was invented by”。句首首字母大寫。故填Who；by。
20．只有博覽群書，我們才能增長知識、開闊眼界。
Only by can we gain more knowledge and broaden our horizons.
【答案】reading widely
【詳解】通過中英文句子對照可知，英文句子中需要翻譯的部分是“博覽群書”，即“廣泛地閱讀”，英文表達用read widely，read是動詞，因此用副詞widely修飾；且by為介詞，后接動詞的-ing形式；故填reading；widely。

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