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關(guān)系副詞和“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句
關(guān)系代詞as的用法
1.引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句常和the same,such,as等連用
2.the same...as...：指不同的人或物
the same...that...：指相同的人或物
3.常作主動語態(tài)的賓語，被動語態(tài)的主語
As we all know/As is known to all/As we all can see眾所周知
As is often the case 情況常常是這樣
As might be expected 正如所預(yù)料的那樣
As has been pointed out 正如所指出的那樣
As has been said before/above 正如前文所述
As (it) often happens 就像經(jīng)常發(fā)生的一樣
4.可位于句首、句中、句尾，位置靈活
5.可指代整個句子的內(nèi)容
限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別
1.作用不同
限制性定語從句：在意義上與先行詞關(guān)系緊密，是不可缺少的定語，去掉之后意思不完整或失去意義
非限制性定語從句：和主句的關(guān)系不十分密切，只是對先行詞作附加說明，去掉之后意思仍然清楚
2.形式不同
限制性定語從句中主句與從句間無逗號
非限制性定語從句中主句與從句用逗號隔開
3.先行詞
限制性定語從句的先行詞只能是名詞或代詞
非限制性定語從句的先行詞既可以是名詞或代詞，也可以是短語或句子
4.關(guān)系詞不同
that,why不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句
5.關(guān)系詞替代情況不同
(1)限制性定語從句：whom作賓語時可用who替換
非限制性定語從句：whom作賓語時不可用who替換 介詞+whom=who
(2)限制性定語從句：指人—that/who/whom
非限制性定語從句：指人—who/whom
6.關(guān)系代詞省略情況不同
在限制性定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞作賓語時可省略(介詞后不可)
在非限制性定語從句中，所有關(guān)系代詞不可省略
I still remember the day.
I met him on the day.
I still remember the day on which I met him.
when
This is the classroom.
We study knowledge in the classroom.
This is the classroom in which we study knowledge.
where
當(dāng)先行詞是表示抽象意義的地點(diǎn)名詞:
occasion場合 case情況,事例
condition條件,情況 situation情況,形勢
stage階段,狀態(tài) point地步 position位置
且在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語時，常用where/介詞+which引導(dǎo)定語從句
This is the reason.
He falls in love with her for the reason.
This is the reason for which he falls in love with her.
why
介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
1.關(guān)系代詞的使用
先行詞指人時:介詞+whom
先行詞指物時:介詞+which
This is the student for _____ I bought a book.
2.介詞的選用
(1)根據(jù)定語從句中的謂語動詞與介詞的習(xí)慣搭配來確定
This is the history book ____ which I paid 55 yuan.
(2)根據(jù)定語從句中的主要形容詞與介詞的習(xí)慣搭配來確定
He brought the result ____which the boss was satisfied .
(3)根據(jù)先行詞與介詞的習(xí)慣搭配的來確定
Do you still remember the day __ which we met for the first time
(4)根據(jù)定語從句所表達(dá)的意思來確定
Fortunately we had a map,____ which we would have got lost.
有些固定動詞短語一般不能拆開(不及物動詞+介詞)，介詞仍放在動詞的后面
如：look at ,look after,take care of
Is this the book she is looking for
關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選用
方法 依據(jù)
根據(jù)從句的 謂語動詞 如果是及物動詞，后面若無賓語，用關(guān)系代詞
如果是不及物動詞，用關(guān)系副詞
根據(jù)先行詞 在從句中所 做的成分 把先行詞放入定語從句中，
若做主語或賓語、定語用關(guān)系代詞；做狀語則用關(guān)系副詞
This is the factory____ he used to work.
This is the factory_____ I visited last year.
Is this the museum _____ you visited a few days ago
Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held
when引導(dǎo)的狀語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別：
1. when的譯法不同
當(dāng)...時候/那時
2. when的位置不同
時間狀語從句中，when引導(dǎo)的從句可位于句首，也可以在主句之后；定語從句中when從句不能位于句首，且通常when前為表示時間的名詞
3. when在從句的作用不同
時間狀語從句中when是連詞，只起連接主句和從句的作用，不做從句的任何成分。但修飾主句的謂語，做主句的時間狀語
1.The place ____interested me most was the Children's Palace.
A. which B. where C. what D. in which
2.Do you know the man _______
A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke
3.This is the hotel ___last month.
A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed
C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed
4.Do you know the year ___the Communist Party of China was founded
A. which B. that C. when D. on which
5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.
A. which B. on which C. in which D. when
6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.
A. where B. to which C. which D. in which
7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.
A. where B. that C. which D. there
8.This is one of the best films _______.
A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown
C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked
9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day
A. about which you talked B. which you talked
C. about that you talked D. that you talked
10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.
A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which
11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.
A. whom B. who C. which D. that
12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.
A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom
13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country
A. who B. who's C. which D. whose
14.I'm interested in ______you have said.
A. all that B. all what C. that D. which
15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.
A. which B. who C. what D. as
16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be.
A. who B. whom C. that D. as
17.He is good at English, ______we all know.
A. that B. as C. whom D. what
18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.
A. I went with B. with whom I went
C. with who I went D.I went with him
19.I don't like ______ as you read.
A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels
20.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.
A. which B. that C. whom D. what
21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.
A. which B. that C. whom D. who
22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.
A. them B. which C. whom D. who
23.You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.
A. who;/ B./; whom C. whom;/ D./; who
24.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.
A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that
25.Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.
A. for which B. for that C. in which D. what
26.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.
A. that B. which C. as D. it
27.I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.
A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when
28.The way ______he looks at problems is wrong.
A. which B. whose C. what D./
29.This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.
A. in which B. with which C. that D. for which
30.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.
A. after which I have looked B. which I have looked after
C. that I have looked after D. I have looked after
31.The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.
A. why; that B.that;why C. for that;that D.for which;what
32.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.
A.that B.which C.for which D.who
33.That is not the way ______I do it.
A./ B.which C.for which D.with which
34.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.
A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which
35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.
A. as was B. which was C. as were D. which
36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them.
A. who B. which C. that D. it
37.This is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph.
A. that B. which C. from that D. from which
38.He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.
A. that B. which C. who D. as
39. You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.
A. / B. why C. when D. whose
40. Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.
A. that B. which C. it D. though
41. --- Did you ask the guard _______ happened
--- Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.
A. what; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that
42. I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with
the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life.
A. when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; which
43. The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing.
A. owns; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are
44. During the days _____, he worked as a servant at the Browns.
A. followed B. following C. to follow D. that followed
45. Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn
A. that B. / C. which D. it
46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _______ he could see _____ was going on inside house.
A. which; what B. through which; what
C. through that; what D. what; that
47. Is _____ some German friends visited last week
A. this school B. this the school
C. this school one D. this school where
48. John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.
A. as B. that C. what D. who
49. I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well.
A. none of them B. neither of them
C. neither of which D. none of which
50. All that can be eaten _______ eaten up.
A. are being B. has been
C. had been D. have been

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