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江蘇省南京學大教育專修學校2012-2013學年八年級4月月考試題(4科4份)

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江蘇省南京學大教育專修學校2012-2013學年八年級4月月考試題(4科4份)

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本資料來自于資源最齊全的21世紀教育網www.21cnjy.com
總分:100分 考試時間:60分鐘
學生姓名: _______ 校區:_________ 授課教師: 學管老師:
注意事項:
請考生使用藍色或黑色圓珠筆、簽字筆或鋼筆作答。
考核內容:
考試范圍介紹 八年級下冊第七章:一元一次不等式、第八章:分式、第九章:反比例函數 第十章:圖形的相似
涉及知識及考點 不等式以及不等式的解法、不等式綜合應用、分式,分式方程,分式方程應用、反比例函數的圖像與性質、反比例函數的應用、三角形的相似
成績統計:
卷Ⅰ 題號 一 二21世紀教育網21世紀教育網 三21世紀教育網[21世紀教育網] 四 總分 總成績
分數
卷Ⅱ 題號 一 二 三 四 總分
分數
附加卷 一 二 總分
卷Ⅰ(30分鐘,50分)
一、選擇題(每小題3分,共18分)
1.如果分式的值為零,則a的值為
A.±1 B.2 C.-2 D.以上全不對
2.已知,則的值是
A.-5 B.5 C.-4 D.4
3.下列說法正確的是
A.所有的等腰三角形都相似 B.所有的直角三角形都相似
C.有一個角相等的兩個等腰三角形都相似 D.所有的等腰直角三角形都相似
4.如果反比例函數的圖象在第二、第四象限,那么m的取值范圍是
A. m>2 B.m<2 C.m> D.m<
5.如圖,在△ABC中,DE∥BC,,DE=4,則BC的長為
A.8 B.12 C.11 D.10
6.如圖,直線L與雙曲線交于A、C兩點,將直線L繞點O順時針旋轉a度角(0°A.平行四邊形 B.菱形 C.矩形 D.任意四邊形
二.填空題:( 每小題2,共14分)
7.在函數中,自變量x的取值范圍是 ▲ .21世紀教育網
8.已知,如圖,△ABC∽△AED,AD=5cm,
EC=3cm,AC=13cm,則AB= ▲ .
9.如圖,在平行四邊形ABCD中,∠A=130°,在AD
 上取DE=DC,則∠ECB的度數是 ▲ .
10.定義運算“*”為:a*b,若3 *m=-,則m= ▲ .
11.如圖,在梯形ABCD中,DC∥AB,∠A+∠B=90°,若
AB=10,AD=4,DC=5,則梯形ABCD的面積為 ▲ .
12關于x的分式方程產生增根,則m的值為: .
13.函數y1=x(x≥0),y2=(x>0)的圖象如圖所示,則結論:
①兩函數圖象的交點A的坐標為(2,2); ②當x>2時,y2>y1;
③當x=1時,BC=3;21世紀教育網
④當x逐漸增大時,y1隨著x的增大而增大,y2隨著x的增大而減小,
 其中正確結論的序號是 ▲ .
三.化簡與求值(2題,共18分)
14.解不等式(組)(每題4分,共8分)
(1)、 (2)
15.方程與化簡(每小題5分,共10分)
(1) (2)
卷Ⅱ(30分鐘,50分)
四.解答題(共50分)
16.(本題滿分10分)已知:如圖,在Rt△ABC中,∠C=90°,過點B作BD//AC,且BD=2AC,連結AD.試判斷△ABD的形狀,并說明理由.
17.(本題滿分10分)如圖,已知A(n,-2),B(1,4)是一次函數y1=kx+b的圖象和反比例函數y2=的圖象的兩個交點,直線AB與y軸交于點C.[21世紀教育網]
(1)求反比例函數和一次函數的關系式;[來源:21世紀教育網]
(2)求△ABO的面積.(直接寫出答案)
18.(本題滿分10分)某工程,在工程招標時,接到甲、乙兩個工程隊的投標書.投標內容是:施工一天,需付甲工程隊工程款1.2萬元,乙工程隊工程款0.5萬元.工程領導小組根據甲、乙兩隊的投標書測算,有如下方案:(1)甲隊單獨完成這項工程剛好如期完成;(2)乙隊單獨完成這項工程要比規定日期多用6天;(3)若甲、乙兩隊合做3天,余下的工程由乙隊單獨做也正好如期完成,試問:
(1)規定日期是多少天?
(2)在不耽誤工期的前提下,你覺得上述三種施工方案中哪一種最節省工程款?說明理由.
19,(本題滿分10分)閱讀材料:
如圖(1),在四邊形ABCD中,對角線AC⊥BD,垂足為P,求證:S四邊形ABCD=AC·BD.
證明:∵AC⊥BD  ∴
∴S四邊形ABCD=S△ACD+S△ABC=AC·PD+AC·PB=AC(PD+PB)=AC ·BD
解答問題:
(1)上述證明得到的性質可敘述為: ▲
(2)已知:如圖(2),等腰梯形ABCD中,AD∥BC,對角線AC⊥BD且相交于點P,AD=3cm,BC=7cm,利用上述的性質求梯形的面積.
20.(本題滿分10分)如圖,已知△ABC中,AB=AC=2,∠A=90°,O為BC的中點,動點E在AB邊上移動,動點F在AC邊上移動.
(1)點E,F的移動過程中,△OEF是否能成為∠EOF=45°的等腰三角形?若能,求BE的長;若不能,請說明理由;21世紀教育網
(2)當∠EOF=45°時,設BE=x,CF=y,求y與x之間的函數解析式,并寫出x的取值范圍.
附加卷(20分)
21、(本題滿分10分)如圖,在矩形ABCD中,已知AB=2,BC=3,點E為AD邊上一動點(不與A、D重合),連結CE,作EF⊥CE交AB邊于F
(1)求證:△AEF∽△DCE;
(2)當△ECF∽△AEF時,求AF的長;
(3)在點E的運動過程中,AD邊上是否存在異于點E的點G,使△AGF∽△DCG成立?若存在,請猜想點G的位置,并給出證明;若不存在,請說明理由.
試卷配套屬性表
考查點 涉及該考查點的題號 總分 優秀 良好 有較大提高空間
不等式以及不等式的解法 1、11、14 13 11-13 8--11 0--8
不等式綜合應用 18 10 10 6--10 0--6
分式,分式方程,分式方程應用 4、5、7、12、15、16、20 41 36--41 30--36 0--30
反比例函數的圖像與性質 2、3、6、8、9、10、13、17、19 36 30--36 25--30 0--25
反比例函數的應用 21 20 15--20 10--15 0--10
八年級數學試卷配套答案
卷Ⅰ
16、
18
19 、
20
[來源:21世紀教育網]
21世紀教育網 -- 中國最大型、最專業的中小學教育資源門戶網站。 版權所有@21世紀教育網本資料來自于資源最齊全的21世紀教育網www.21cnjy.com
總分:100分 考試時間:60分鐘 學生姓名: _______
校區:_________ 授課教師: 學管老師:
注意事項:
請考生使用藍色或黑色圓珠筆、簽字筆或鋼筆作答。
考核內容:
考試范圍介紹 第一、二、三單元,第五單元
涉及知識及考點 基礎知識、古詩文閱讀、現代文閱讀講解、作文
成績統計:
卷Ⅰ 題號21世紀教育網21世紀教育網 一21世紀教育網21世紀教育網 二 三 四 五21世紀教育網 六 總分 總成績
分數
一、語音與語言(12分)
1.下列詞語中加點字注音全都正確的一項是 ( )(4分)
A.驛站(yì) 霉菌(jǔn) 酷肖(xiào) 逍遙法外(xiāo)
B.眼翳(yì) 脊背(jí) 污穢(huì) 水皆縹碧(piǎo)
C.胡髭(zī) 駢死(pián) 胭脂(zhī) 短褐穿結(xiē)
D.滯留(zhì) 锃亮(chéng) 甲胄(zhòu) 廣袤無垠(mào)
2.聯系上下文,依次填入下列橫線最恰當的一項是 ( )(4分)
黃河,中華民族的母親河。五千多年的華夏文明史,與黃河有著血肉相連的關系。黃河流千古,流出了________,流出了_________,流出了___________。
①黃皮膚人的群落 ②燦若明珠的黃河文化 ③漫無邊際的黃土地
A.③①② B.①②③
C.③②① D.①③②
3.某同學考試沒考好,心理難過。班主任找他談話。下面四種說法,效果最理想的是( )(4分)
A.你怎么搞的,考成這個樣子!往后怎么辦?請想想辦法。
B.考壞了,難過有什么用!該找找原因才是,爭取下次考好。
C.你這次考得不理想,你難過我理解,但不能灰心,我相信下次你會考好的。
D.你考不好,早在我意料之中,不好好反省反省,下次更糟。
二、知識積累及運用(18分)
4.默寫填空(12分)
①游魚細石,______________。______________,猛浪若奔。
②古詩詞中描寫秋季景色的名句有很多,請寫出兩句: 、 。
③ , , 此事古難全。(蘇軾《水調歌頭》)
④在《酬樂天揚州初逢席上見贈》中表現劉禹錫不為個人沉淪而悲傷,仍然保持樂觀精神的兩句詩是_______________, _____________。
⑤用王維的“勸君更盡一杯酒,西出陽關無故人”這兩句送別,則略顯傷感,不妨用王勃的詩句“ , ”來表達一種豪邁的情懷。
⑥《過零丁洋》中表現文天祥視死如歸的無畏氣概的兩句詩是 , 。
5.下面是一段關于戲劇知識的介紹性文字。(6分)
①它“集我國戲曲之大成,源遠流長”
②在我國,京劇被譽為“國劇”。
③不但是中華民族文化的[甲],而且是人類文化寶庫中的[乙]
④以其獨特的藝術魅力和深厚的民族情愫,成為聯系大陸同胞和臺、港、澳同胞,聯系海內外炎黃子孫的重要藝術[丙]。
(1)上面四句話打亂了順序,請將他們重新排序,使之通順
(2)甲、乙、丙三處應填人的詞語依次是 ( )
A.國寶 精品 紐帶
B.瑰寶 精品 紐帶
C.瑰寶 精英 橋梁
D.國寶 精英 橋梁
三.文言文閱讀(26分)
[甲]余幼時即嗜學。家貧,無從致書以觀,每假借于藏書之家,手自筆錄,計日以還。天大寒,硯冰堅,手指不可屈伸,弗之怠。錄畢,走送之,不敢稍逾約。以是人多以書假余,余因得遍觀群書。
(選自宋濂《送東陽馬生序》)
[乙]歐陽公①四歲而孤②,家貧無資。太夫人③以荻④畫地,教以書字。多誦古人篇章。及其稍長,家無書讀。就閭里⑤士人家⑥借而讀之,或因而抄錄。以至晝夜忘寢食,惟讀書是務⑦。自幼所作詩賦文字⑧,下筆已如成人。
(選自《歐陽公事跡》)
注釋:①[歐陽公]指歐陽修。②[孤]幼年喪父。③[太夫人]指歐陽修的母親。④[荻dí]多年生草本植物,與蘆葦相似。⑤[閭里]鄉里。⑥[士人家]讀書人家。⑦[惟讀書是務]即“惟務讀書”。務,致力,從事。⑧[文字]文章。
6.解釋下列句中加點的詞:(4分)
①以是人多以書假余②無從致書以觀
③弗之怠④家貧無資
7.閱讀文言文,要勤查工具書。下面是《古漢語常用字字典》對“假”字的幾種解釋,判斷哪一種解釋最適合“每假借于藏書之家”中的“假”字。(只需填序號)(4分)
假①借。②寬容。③如果,假如。④非正式的。
答:( )
8.根據語句意思,下列句子朗讀停頓正確的一項是:(4分)
A.余幼/時即嗜學B.手指/不可屈伸
C.歐陽/公四歲而孤D.多誦古人/篇章
9.將下列句子翻譯成現代漢語:(8分)
①錄畢,走送之,不敢稍逾約。
________________________________________________________________
②及其稍長,家無書讀。
________________________________________________________________
10.簡要回答下面問題:(6分)
(1)平時我們說話、寫文章常引用名人事例來印證自己的觀點。你認為[甲]段宋濂的事例可以用來印證下面哪一個觀點呢?(只需填序號)______________(3分)
A.崇尚科學、消除愚昧,社會才能進步。
B.虛心請教、經常復習,有助于鞏固知識。
C.誠實守信、刻苦學習是成才的重要條件。
(2)你怎樣看待“歐陽修母親畫荻教子”這種做法?請結合[乙]段內容談談。(3分)
四.現代文閱讀
閱讀下面選文,回答下列問題。(24分)
心中的蘆葦
①記憶中,有一片茂密的蘆葦。她像自由的精靈,在遠離世俗的淡泊中,獨守江畔一方瘠土,篩風弄月,瀟灑倜儻。瘦瘦的筋骨把生命的詩意一縷縷地挑亮,密密的蘆花像一片片燦爛的微笑,將野地的清苦和寧靜濃縮成亙古的沉默,醉倒了金風,醉倒了詩人。仿佛是王維的山水詩,尋不出現實意味和歷史痕跡,只有一抹淡遠空靈飄浮于煙的高度,還有一分清高,一分落寞,一分不為人知也無意讓人知曉的隨意與散逸,原始般的單純和清淡。
②芊芊蘆葦,在灘涂上扎根,無拘無束;在纖橋旁搖曳,蓬蓬勃勃。從蒼翠的湖綠,漸漸化做凝重的墨色,卻依舊亭亭玉立,倩影婆娑。即使翻越季節的山巒,靜候白霜降臨,那滿目的蘆花與天上的白云融為一體,綿延至月光不能觸及的地方,也依舊潔白光澤,充滿蓬勃的張力,然后在冰冷的純潔里面畫上生命的句號。
③這白發蒼蒼的蘆葦,是樵子柴擔上悠然飄起的一縷秋光,是村姑眉宇間揮之不去的一抹蒼涼的嫵媚。像衣香鬃影的女子涉水而來,從古代,從《詩經》,“蒹葭蒼蒼,白露為霜”遂成千古絕唱。泅流中,弄籬蕩舟的少年水手,采蘭擷芷、在水一方的窈窕淑女,映襯著茂密的蘆葦,成了三千年文明古國最優美的詩行。
④倘若寄身木筏,去溯蘆葦之源,那么,你能聽到許多灘邊涯際拉纖的號子和寨頭鎮尾浪漫的故事。你也會發現,蒼涼凄美的蘆花那么輕易就能撥動深藏的滄桑和歷史的痛苦。
⑤易水之濱,高漸離擊筑,悲涼的旋律中,荊軻告別燕太子丹,踏上刺秦的不歸路,他身后的蘆花,一定在蕭蕭寒風中輕揚。烏江之畔,四面楚歌,西楚霸王柔腸寸斷,在“虞兮虞兮奈若何”的哀嘆聲中,虞姬揮動長劍、裙袂飄飄,作最后的生命之舞。在她倒下的地方,霧茫茫,一片絹素,那是一岸的蘆花在為這悲愴的訣別飄雪飛霜。汨羅江邊,披發行吟的逐臣屈原,掩涕嘆息,仰天長問。佞臣專權,楚王昏庸。居廟堂,不能為民解難;謫鄉野,不能替君分憂。生命的寂寞郁結于心,奔突于胸,使詩人縱身大江,蕩起的漣漪是蘆葦悲鳴的淚滴,在濕濕的夜色中流淌。青青的生命的枝葉包裹起千千萬萬人民的祟敬和思念,投入歷史的長河,成為端午節最深沉的紀念。
⑥真正擁有蘆葦,是在大學時代。我喜歡在學校后面的江邊漫步——那里,茂密的蘆葦像無邊的綢帶,向著遠處緩緩鋪開。流蘇似的蘆花,像云,陣陣清香在如紗似霧的月光中彌散。牛乳般的暮靄流動如煙,小鳥在葦叢中呢喃,還有幾聲蟬鳴,幾聲蟲唱。寧靜,溫和,洋溢的詩情觸手可及。倘是周日,陽光暖暖地流瀉,我用葦葉編一只小船,輕輕放人江中,看它悠悠地隨風而去。更多的時候,我一卷在握,于蘆花下,和屈子同憤,跟太白同醉,與東坡同發少年狂。在綿綿秋雨和茸茸的蘆花織成的透明心境中,我讀懂了字里行間的辛酸、痛苦、孤獨、濃醇、率真和苦澀。人世滄桑和歷史悲劇熔鑄的慘痛,猶如滴血的利刃,我們的前人把它揉碎了,咽下,寧可肝腸寸斷,也要噙著淚帶著微笑,輕輕地說,往事如煙啊!
⑦人是孱弱的,就像一根蘆葦,但人又是堅強的,從柔弱中煥發出無窮韌性,那種連自己都有可能意識不到的堅韌,陪伴著我們一路向前。法國哲學家帕斯卡爾說:“思想形成人的偉大。人只不過是一根蘆葦,是自然界最脆弱的東西,但它是一根能思想的蘆葦。”
⑧這根能思想的蘆葦,就是你,就是我……
11、作者記憶中的蘆葦有怎樣的特點?(6分)
12、聯系上下文回答,第③自然段中“……成了三千年文明古國最優美的詩行”是什么意思?(6分)
13、第④自然段在文中起了怎樣的作用 (4分)
14、像蘆葦一樣因自身悲涼而引起千萬人思念的歷史人物很多,你了解的還有哪些 請列出二例并用簡要的話概述其事跡或對人物作簡要評價。(4分)
15、本文運用了象征的寫法,它賦予“蘆葦”怎樣的意義 (4分)
五.語言表達(20分)
(一)仿寫:仿照例句,寫兩段話,要與例句形式相似。(6分)
16、例句:笑,你是嘴邊一朵花,在頸上花園里開放。你是臉上一朵云,在眉宇雙目間飛翔。
仿寫:哭,___________________________________________________________
17、例句:書是鑰匙,能開啟智慧之門。
仿寫:書是_______,____________________。書是________,__________________。
(二)語言運用
18、聽下面一則天氣預報,填寫相應的內容。(4分)
錄音材料:現在播報漳州氣象臺6月25日早上8點發布的今年第5號強熱帶風暴消息:今天上午8點,第5號強熱帶風暴中心位于我市東山島以南600公里的海面上,目前,臺風中心正以每小時100公里左右的速度向東北方向移動,預計將于今天下午兩點在我市漳浦、云霄一帶沿海登陸。受其影響,我市龍海、漳浦、云霄、詔安、東山各縣部將有大風和暴雨。
第5號強熱帶風暴將于(何時)__________________在(何地)_______________登陸。
19、閱讀下面的材料,回答問題。(4分)
李大華正在陽臺上澆花,樓下的劉阿姨說:“小李,你真愛美啊,我剛晾的被單也錦上添花了。”
(1)你聽出劉阿姨的言外之意是____________________________(10字內)
(2)如你是李大華,應該這樣回答劉阿姨:_________________________________(15字內)

20、閱讀以下文字,給“知識經濟”下個定義。(3分)
以前的經濟以傳統工業為支柱,以稀缺自然資源為主要依托。而知識經濟則以高技術產業為第一產業支柱.以智力資源為首要依托。因此,“知識經濟”是一種可持續發展的經濟,它是一種新型的經濟。
知識經濟是_______________________________________。

21、按要求擴展語句。(3分)
同學們談論世界杯足球賽。(說清楚“談論”的狀態)
___________________________________________________________________
附加題(15分)
22.走在南京市的大街小巷,隨時可以看到各種施工現場,有居民樓建設,有地鐵建設,有街道建設……
請選擇一處,根據你的所見所聞所想,寫一篇不少于300字的短文。
11.茂密 瀟灑倜儻 隨意散逸 單純清淡 無拘無束 蓬蓬勃勃
12.是說蘆葦蒼蒼的景色激發了歷代文人墨客們的美好聯想,使之成為文學作品描繪的對象,蘆葦出現的境界成了文學作品的美好意境,蘆葦們引發的無窮想象被寫進了文學作品
試卷配套屬性表
考查點 涉及該考查點的題號 總分 優秀 良好 有較大提高空間
基礎知識 1-5 30 27-30 22-26 1-21
文言文 6-10 26 21-26 16-25 1-15
現代文 11-15 24 19-24 14-18 1-13
表達 16-21 20 16-20 12-15 1-14
附加題 22 15 12-15 9-11 1-8
[來源:21世紀教育網]
21世紀教育網 -- 中國最大型、最專業的中小學教育資源門戶網站。 版權所有@21世紀教育網本資料來自于資源最齊全的21世紀教育網www.21cnjy.com
總分:100分 考試時間:90分鐘 學生姓名: _______
校區:_________ 授課教師: 學管老師:
注意事項:
請考生使用藍色或黑色圓珠筆、簽字筆或鋼筆作答。
考核內容:
考試范圍介紹 8BUnit1-3知識點
涉及知識及考點 8BUnit1-Unit3重點詞匯,句型與語法的考查,以及閱讀,寫作等綜合語言應用技能的考查。
成績統計:
題號 一 二 三 四 總成績
分數
題號[來源:21世紀教育網] 五 六
分數
1、 單項選擇(15小題,每題1分,共計15分)
( )1.I ________the day before yesterday, I’ve _________for 2days.
A. arrived, come back. B. reached, returned
C. got, returned back D. arrived, been back
( )2.What are you busy the Internet
A. search for B. to search for C. searching for D. searching for on
( )3.The washing machine______ in Shanghai _______ well.
A. producing ,is worked B. produced, works
C. was produced, works. D. producing, words
( )4.--How many times he abroad before --Never.
A. has ; been to B. has ; been C. has ; gone to D.has ; gone
( )5.The package_______ a book and five CDs and the course________ many topics.
A. includes, covers B. including, is covered in
B. including, covers D. is included, is covered
( )6.This morning I went to school in a hurry I left my notebook at home.
A. enough; to B. too; to C. so; that D. such; that
( )7.The windows after school is over.
A.usually close B.usually closed C.are usually closed D.are usually closing
( )8.Have you returned the book to him _______ Yes, I have______ returned it.
A. yet, yet B. already, already C. yet, already D. already, yet
( )9.Lily’s never been to Hainan, ________ she
A. is B. isn’t C. has D. hasn’t
( )10.一Excuse me, but where’s Mrs. Liu I want to ask her for some advice.
一She the library. You can find her there.
A. has been to B. has gone to C. was in D. went to
( )11. great fun it is! And good time they are having!
A. What, what a B. What a, how C. How a, how D. How, how a
( )12. The old man lives in a village_______, but he never feels________.
A. alone; alone B. lonely; alone C. lonely; lonely D. alone; lonely
( )13.Tom with his parents______ to America. They_____ back in two weeks.
A. have gone; will come B. has gone; will come
C. have been; have come D. have been; come
( )14.My uncle ___________ a farmer. Now he is a driver.
A is used to B is used to be C used to being D used to be
( )15. -- Do you think the children taste_______ --She cooked it ______, I think.
A. good, well B. well ,good C. good, good D. well, well
2、 完形填空(10小題,每題1分,共計10分)
One day something went wrong with a man’s bicycle chain(鏈條). The man could not repair it, so he looked 16 for help. The only house nearby belonged to a woman who had 17 there a few months earlier. The man knocked at the door, but the woman did not answer. The door had clear glass in it, and the man 18 see that the woman was at home. He decided to knock again. Finally the woman came to the door. The man immediately explained his 19 . “I can fix the chain,” the woman said. Later when the bike was 20 to go, the man said, ‘Thanks. I hope I can help you some day.” “I never need help,” the woman said.
The following week the man was riding his bike 21 he noticed the woman walking down the street. A strong wind suddenly lifted(拾起) her hat and sent it into the branches(枝) of an old tree. The woman tried to get her hat with a stick, but she failed. She seemed 22 because she clearly was not dressed for tree-climbing. The man hurried over, quickly climbed up to the hat and 23 it into the woman’s waiting hands. When she put on her hat, she 24 the man as he climbed back on his bike. ‘I think I told you I never need help,” the woman said, “I’m glad you didn’t 25 me. Thanks.” Then they both smiled.
( )16. A. out B. up C. down D. around
( )17. A. left B. moved C. waited D. stopped
( )18. A. could B. might C. couldn’t D. didn’t
( )19. A. idea B. plan C. problem D. message
( )20. A. hard B. ready C. slow D. unable21世紀教育網
( )21. A. when B. before C. after D. though
( )22. A. bored B. relaxed C. frightened D. worried
( )23. A. dropped B. put C. collected D. brought
( )24. A. saved B. passed C. studied D. chose21世紀教育網
( )25. A. excuse B. notice C. find D. believe21世紀教育網
3、 閱讀理解(20小題,每題1分,共計20分)
A21世紀教育網
The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and TV, telephone and so on. Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has also brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it.
The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people. Man is now slowly polluting the whole world..
Air pollution is still the most serious. It’s bad to all living things in the world. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us become angry more easily.
Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city.
The pollution of SO2 is now the most dangerous problem of air pollution. It is caused by heavy traffic. It is sure that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution.
( )30. Which of the following is NOT TRUE
A. Many countries are making rules to fight pollution.
B. The pollution of the earth grows as fast as the world’s population does.
C. From now on, maybe people should try to go to work by bus or bike instead of car or motorbike. It is helpful to fight against the problem of SO2.
D. The problem of pollution is not so serious because there are so many people
B
People like to say:“The hand that rocks(搖動)the cradle(搖籃)rules the world.”Or they
say:“Behind every successful man,there is a woman.”
Now some women still like making their husbands and sons successful.But some women
want more for themselves.They want to be successful as men.
Today the best jobs are still given to men.Even when women do the same work,they are
often paid less than men.Some women want these things changed.They want to stand beside the men,with the same chances for success.
Now many American women are earning money outside their homes.More than half of the
women at the age of eighteen to sixty-five have good jobs.In general,working women have more education than those who stay at home.
Among women with jobs,eight out of ten drive a car to work,and most of them often spend their holidays away from home.They like traveling by air.Women’s work has made several changes in women’s lives and in men’s lives,too.
But things are quite different from those in the Middle East countries.
In the Middle East countries,women have to stay at home.They look after their families and do all the housework.They can’t find work outside.When they go out in public.they cover their faces with something and walk behind their husbands.
For the past few years the women’s life has been changing in those countries.Many women want to play an active role in the society.Though working gives them few chances of getting married,many men still want to marry them in the old ways.
( )31.More and more women want to get jobs because .
A.they don’t want to stand behind their husbands in the street
B.they think they are more important than men
C.they think they are as important as men
D.housework troubles them too much
( )32.Some women are still badly paid .
A.because women want more money B.because of the old ways of thinking
C.because women can’t do as well as men do D.but we don’t know why21世紀教育網
C
Everyone needs friends. Friends bring us happiness and hope in our lives. But the ability to make friends changes from person to person. To some people, making friends is easy, and to others it’s very difficult.[來源:21世紀教育網]
Making friends is a skill, and the first thing is to know how to get on with others.
If you have trouble in making friends, maybe I can tell you how to do it.
Realize your own good points. You have skills and talents(才能) that others will like.
Believe that you are a good person and have something nice to share with others.
Be humourous. Learn to laugh at yourself and your weakness. Remember to smile at others.
Respect the others. Everyone has his own idea. Learn how to listen to others’ ideas without trying to make them accept yours.
Be kind. If you are kind to others, they will usually be kind to you. There are hundreds of little things you can do to show your kindness. Open the door for someone. Wave to a friend and so on.
Don’t complain(抱怨). Learn to accept what you can’t change, and work hard to change what you can. No one is willing to hear your complaints all the time.
Never give up. Even if you are faced with some closed-minded people, never give up. And try to find someone who will understand you.
( )36. Why do we need friends according to the passage
A Friends can do everything for us. B Friends can bring us happiness.
C Friends accept our ideas all the time. D Without friends, we could not live.
A Respect others. B Complain. C Give up. D Laugh at them
D
Thirty years ago, Lake Ponkapog in Hartwell, New Jersey, was full of life. Many birds and animals lived beside the water, which was full of fish. Now there are few birds, animals, and fish. The lake water is polluted. It is in a colour of dirty brown, and it is filled with strange plants.
How did this happen First, we must think about how water gets into Lake Ponkapog. When it rains, water comes into the lake from all around. In the past, there were forests all round Lake Ponkapog, so the rainwater was clean.
Now there are many homes around the lake. People often use the chemicals (化學制品)in their gardens. They use other chemicals inside their houses for cleaning and killing insects. There are also many businesses. Businesses use chemicals in their machines of shops. Other chemicals fall onto the ground from cars or trucks. When it rains, the rainwater picks up all the chemicals from home and businesses and then carries them into the lake . They pollute the water and kill the animals.
Boats on the lake are also a problem. Lake Ponkapog is a popular place for motorboats(汽船). But oil and gas from boats often get into the lake. So more bad chemicals go into the water this way.
People in Hartwell are worried . They love their lake and want to save it. Will it be possible A clean lake must have clean rainwater going into it. Clean rainwater is possible only if people are more careful about chemicals at home and at other chemicals on the ground. And they mustn’t use motorboats any more on the lake. All these may change people’s lives. Only then can Lake Ponkapog be a beautiful, clean lake again.
( )41. In the past, the water in Lake Ponkapog was made clean by ________.
A. forests B. rain C. birds D. fish
( )42. Chemicals from homes and businesses _________.
A. are always clean B. can help the animals
C. are good for the lake D. get into the rainwater
( )43. Cleaner rainwater will mean _________ .
A. more boats on the lake B. more dirty things in the lake
C. a cleaner lake D. a dirty lake
( )44. To save Lake Ponkapog, people need to ________.
A. be more careful about chemicals B. use the water
C. grow fewer plants in the gardens D. use more motorboats on the lake
( )45. The passage is about ________.
A. boats on the Lake Pankapog B. why the water is dirty in Lake Ponkapog
4、 C. clean rainwater D. dirty lakes
5、 語言基礎知識(20小題,每題1分,共計20分)
A) 根據句意或中英文注釋,在相應的橫線上寫出單詞的正確形式。(5小題*1=5分)
46. There are several (字典) on the shelf. You can choose one.
47. Can you answer the question (正確) at once when the teacher asks you
48. The air is (新鮮的) because there are lots of trees around here.
49. English Classroom is an _______(education) program on CCTV.
50. The audience (鼓掌) at the end of the dancing competition because they enjoyed it very much.
B)用所給詞的適當形式填空(10小題*1=10分)
51. Do you think watching too much TV is useful No, I think it is (use).
52. It is one of ______(famous)parks in the world.
53.You can learn English by (test) your knowledge of grammar and vocabulary.
54. A lot of trees ________ (plant) on March 12th every year.
—不介意。
—Do you _____ _____ me how to use this______.
—No,______ _____ _____.
五、閱讀填空(20小題,每題1分,共計20分)
A) 任務型閱讀(10小題*1=10分)
You must hear about earthquakes,but do you know what to do during and after an earthquake Here is some advice for you:
Before an earthquake.It is necessary to prepare yourself and your family.All family members should know how to turn off gas,waterand electricity and know useful telephone numbers(doctor,hospital,police,119,etc).Never put heavy things over beds.
During the earthquake.It’s important to for each of you to stay calm.If you are indoors ,quickly move to a safe place in the room such as under a strong desk or a strong table.It can protect yourself from falling things.Stay away from windows ,large mirrors,heavy things and so on.If you are cooking,turn off the gas.
If you are outdoors,move to an open area like a playground.Move away from buildings,bridges and trees.If you are driving,stop the car as soon as possible .Stay in your car.
After an earthquake.Once the shaking stops,do not run out of the building at once.It’s better to wait and leave when it is safe.
Check around you and help the people in trouble.If your building is badly broken,you should leave it.If you smell or hear gas,get someone outside and open windows and doors.If you can do it safely,turn off the gas.Repeat it to the gas company.
Some useful 66 about earthquakes
Before an earthquade 67 yourself and your family.Don’t 68 to turn off gas,water and electricity.Remember some useful telephone numbers and not to 69 heavy things over beds.
70 an earthquake 71 calm is important for each of you.Moving to a safe place in the room can protect yourself from falling things if you are 72 .Remmember to turn off the gas if you are cooking.Moving to an open area and away from builings is 73 if you are outdoors.Remember to stop your car and stay in it if you are driving.
After an earthquake Run out of the building 74 it’s safe.Check around you and help the people in trouble.Leave your badly broken building.Keep everyone outside and ererything 75 if you smell or hear a gas .
B) 首字母填空(10小題*1=10分)
My friend is a taxi driver. He has been a taxi driver for ten years. It’s a nice job m 76 of the time. He can meet a lot of people. He always works at night because there is too much t 77 during the day. He usually goes home between two o’clock in the morning. There are some very s 78 things, which often happen at night.
One day my friend was t 79 a woman back home from a party at three o’clock in the morning. She has her little dog with here. When they got to her house, she found she had lost her key. So my friend waited in the car with the dog while she climbed in t 80 the window. My friend waited and waited. After half an hour of honking(鳴汽車喇叭)he d 81 to find out what was going on. He t 82 the dog to a tree and started to climb in.At that moment some policemen came. They thought my friend was a t 83 . L 84 , the woman came downstairs. She must have gone to sleep and f 85 about my friend and the dog.
六、書面表達(15分)
假如你是Daniel,剛剛買了一張名叫“新中國60年”的教育光盤,根據下面所給信息,把它推薦給你的同學。要求包含所有要點,句子通順,適當使用連接詞,不少于80詞。文章開頭已給出,不計入總詞數。
ProfileName of game: New China’s 60 YearsNumber of levels: 6Main character: Mr ChenAge: 70 years oldGoal: Travel around China to know the great changes of China over the past 60 years. Love the country, love the hometown and make new China stronger and richerArea of study: Chinese historySetting: Different places around ChinaDesigner: Cao JunProducer: Sunshine Educational CD-ROMs Co.Sold in: Xinhua Bookstores
Hello, everyone! I would like to recommend you a new educational CD-ROM.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[來源:21世紀教育網]
試卷配套答案
Hello, everyone! I would like to recommend you a new educational CD-ROM. Its
試卷配套屬性表
考查點 涉及該考查點的題號 總分 優秀 良好 有較大提高空間
單項選擇 一 15 14-15 12-13 11分以下
完形填空 二 10 9-10 6-8 5分以下
閱讀理解 三 20 18-20 15-1721世紀教育網 14分以下
語言基礎知識 四 20 18-20[來源:21世紀教育網] 15-17 14分以下
閱讀填空 五 20 17-20 13-16 12分以下
書面表達 六 15 13-15 10-12 9分以下
[來源:21世紀教育網]
21世紀教育網 -- 中國最大型、最專業的中小學教育資源門戶網站。 版權所有@21世紀教育網本資料來自于資源最齊全的21世紀教育網www.21cnjy.com
總分:100分 考試時間:90分鐘
學生姓名: _______ 校區:_________ 就讀學校:
注意事項:
請考生使用藍色或黑色圓珠筆、簽字筆或鋼筆作答。
考核內容:
考試范圍介紹 物質的物理屬性 第七章 從粒子到宇宙 第八章 力21世紀教育網第九章第一節 二力平衡
涉及知識及考點 質量的概念 天平的使用 質量的測量 密度的概念及其運用 物質的物理屬性 分子動理論 摩擦起電 電荷間的作用規律 力的概念 彈力 形變與外力的關系 重力 力的示意圖 摩擦力的種類 探究影響滑動摩擦力的因素 靜摩擦力 滾動摩擦力 相互作用力 二力平衡 二力平衡的條件
成績統計:
卷Ⅰ 題號[來源:21世紀教育網] 一 二[來源:21世紀教育網][來源:21世紀教育網]21世紀教育網 總分 總成績
分數
卷Ⅱ 題號 三 四 總分
分數
一、選擇題(本題共12小題,每小題2分,共24分.每小題給出的四個選項中只有一個選項正確)
1.下面幾個物理量中可以用來鑒別物質的種類的是 ( )
A.質量 B.密度 C.體積 D.溫度
2.下列數值最接近實際情況的是(  )
A.人體正常體溫約為39℃ B.兩個雞蛋的質量約為100g
C.人的拇指寬度約為10cm D.初中生跑100m約需8s
3. 在公眾場所一個人吸煙,其他人都會“被動吸煙”,公眾場所一般靜止吸煙,是因為( )
A. 一個人吸煙,其余人羨慕也跟著吸煙;
B. 這個人抽煙,煙霧擴散在周圍空間,空氣中含有煙的分子,并在不停的運動;
C. 煙霧分子保持靜止,人自己主動吸進煙霧;
D.被動吸煙是因為煙霧分子比較大,人容易吸入肺中。
4. 如圖有三只相同的玻璃杯,盛有等質量的酒精、純水、鹽水。ρ鹽水>ρ純水>ρ酒精,則甲、乙、丙玻璃杯中分別是( )
A.甲是純水、乙是酒精、丙是鹽水;
B.甲是純水、丙是酒精、乙是鹽水;
C.乙是純水、甲是酒精、丙是鹽水;
D.丙是純水、乙是酒精、甲是鹽水。
5.如圖所示,將兩個底面平整、干凈的鉛柱緊壓后,兩個鉛柱就會結合在一起,即使在下面吊一個較重的物體也不會將它們拉開.這個實驗表明(  )
A.分子間存在引力; B.分子間存在斥力;
C.分子間有間隙; D.分子在永不停息地運動。
6.在晴朗干燥的冬日里,如果用塑料梳子梳干燥的頭發,會發現頭發越梳越蓬松,其主要原因是(  )
A.梳頭時,空氣進入頭發; B.頭發和梳子摩擦后,頭發帶同種電荷相互排斥;
C.梳子對頭發有力的作用; D.梳頭時,頭發的毛囊會收縮。
7.下列事例中,屬于避免慣性帶來危害的是(  )
A.拍打剛曬過的被子,灰塵脫落;
B.錘頭松了,將錘柄在地面上撞擊幾下,錘頭就緊套在錘柄上;
C.汽車在行駛時要保持一定的車距;
D.跳遠時,助跑能使運動員跳得更遠。
8.在學校拔河比賽中,初二(7)班和初二(8)班勢均力敵,每邊同學總的力都約為5000牛,如果在繩子的中間裝一個量程足夠大的彈簧測力計,則彈簧測力計的示數為(  )
  A.0N B.10000N C.5000N D.2500N
9.一個運動員正在進行爬桿訓練,若桿是豎直放置的,則使運動員上升的力是(  )
  A.重力    B.人對自己的作用力    C.彈力    D.摩擦力
10.玻璃杯從一定高處掉到水泥地上會破碎,而掉到沙坑里卻不容易破碎.老師要求同學針對這一現象,提出一個問題.下面是四位同學的發言,其中較有價值且可探究的問題是(  )
A.“玻璃杯掉到水泥地上會破碎,是因為地面比較硬.”
B.“玻璃杯從一定高處掉到水泥地上會破碎嗎?”
C.“為什么玻璃杯掉到水泥地上會破碎,而掉到沙坑里卻不容易破碎呢?”
D.“玻璃杯掉到地上是否破碎與下落高度、地面的軟硬程度有什么關系?”
11.人要從行駛的車中跳到地面上,為了避免摔倒,跳車人應該  ( )
A. 向車行的反方向跳; B. 向上跳;
C. 向車行的方向跳,著地后立即向車行的方向跑幾步;
D. 向與車行駛的垂直方向跳。
12.在平直軌道上行駛的火車中懸掛一水壺,水壺突然向火車行駛的方向擺去,這現象說明火車( )
A. 作勻速運動; B. 突然減速;
C. 突然加速; D. 運動狀態無法確定。
二、填空題(本題共13小題,每空1分,共28分)
13.純水的密度是 kg/m3,表示的物理意義是 。
14.用托盤天平測量銅塊質量時,應將天平放在  桌面上,游碼移到標尺的零刻度處,若天平的指針靜止在圖甲所示位置,則可將平衡螺母向  (選填“左”或“右”)調節,使天平平衡.測量中,當右盤所加砝碼和游碼位置如圖乙所示時天平平衡,則該銅塊的質量為 g。
15.體積是2m3的木塊,質量是800kg,它的密度是 kg/m3;若將它截去2/3,剩下的1/3木塊,其密度為 kg/m33333332222345534564364885555544333333222111999---///333223。
16.質量是60kg的跳傘運動員,在勻速下降的過程中,他受到的重力是________N,受到的阻力是______N。
這兩個力是一對_______力。(g=10N/kg)
17.踢毽子是人們喜愛的一項體育活動。用腳將毽子踢起后,空中飛舞的毽子最終要落向地面,這是由于受
作用的緣故。
18.野戰部隊攜帶的壓縮餅干與普通餅干相比,好處在于質量相等的情況下,它的體積 ,密度 。(選填“較大”或“較小”)
19.如圖所示為2008年南方雪凝災害中的一個場景,一輛大客車由于剎不住車滑到公路邊。因為當路面有冰雪時,輪胎與地面間的摩擦會變 ,由于汽車具有    ,在緊急剎車后滑行的距離將比路面沒有冰雪時遠,針對這種情況請給司機師傅駕車時提一個建議: 。
20.如圖所示,小芳在做“探究影響滑動摩擦力大小因素”的實驗時,操作的錯誤
是 。糾正錯誤后,應拉動彈簧測力計使木塊作 運動。此時
彈簧測力計的示數即為物體所收摩擦力的大小,這樣做的依據是:___________________。
21.人們的研究表明:物體在月球上的重力大約是它在地球上重力的1/6。一個物體在地球上的重力是588N,若把它放在月球上,它的重力是 N,質量是 kg。(g=10N/kg)
22.我們在關門時會經常發現,用手拉門的地方不同,關門的難易程度會不同,這說明力的作用效果與力的_______有關。如圖,某人用大小相同的力作用于彈簧,觀察比較甲、乙兩圖,可知力的作用效果與力的__________有關。
23.有A、B、C三個帶電小球,如果小球A帶正電,小球C吸引小球B,小球B排斥小球A,那么小球B帶 電;
小球C帶 電。(填“正”或“負”)。
24.如圖所示,有兩個相同的物塊A和B疊放在一起,受10N的水平推力的作用,在水平地面上一起做勻速直線運動(圖a),那么物塊B受到的摩擦力為_________N,若將物塊B取下與物塊A并列,再讓它們一起在水平地面上勻速前進(圖b),那么需要的水平推力為___________N。
25.如圖所示,重為10N的物體A在水平力F=15N的作用下,靜止在豎直墻壁上.當水平力減小為F/2時,物體A恰好沿豎直墻壁勻速下滑.此時物體A所受摩擦力的大小為_________N。
3、解答題(本題共9小題,共48分)
26.(6分)按照題目要求作圖:
(1)如圖甲所示,懸掛的小球處于靜止狀態,畫出它的受力示意圖。
(2)放在斜面上質量為300g的物體受到的重力。
(3)水平冰面上有一重為300N的雪橇,受到的拉力為35N,方向與水平面成30°角。畫出雪橇所受到拉力的示意圖。
27.(2分)小明同學用托盤天平測量物體的質量,操作情況如圖所示,請指出其中的錯誤:
(1) ;
(2) 。
28.(6分)某學生用一根長6.5cm的橡皮筋自制測力計,并用鉤碼和刻度尺測得以下數據:
鉤碼重量/N 0 1 2 3 4
橡皮筋長度/cm 6.5 7.5 8.5 9.5 11. 0
橡皮筋伸長/cm 0
(1)在表中空格內填入橡皮筋的各次伸長量;
(2)由此得出的結論是:在一定范圍內,橡皮筋的伸長與受到的拉力_________;
(3)該測力計的測量范圍是__________。
29.(8分)小冬、小飛兩位同學在做“用天平、量筒測液體密度”的實驗中,每人都設計了一種實驗方案。
  小冬:A、用天平稱出燒杯的質量m1;B、用燒杯取適量的被測液體稱出總質量m2;C、將燒杯中的液體倒入量杯中,讀出液體的體積V;D、用公式算出液體的密度ρ液。
  小飛:A、用天平稱出燒杯的質量m ;B、在燒杯中盛被測液體,稱出它們的質量m1;C、把燒杯中的液體倒入量筒中一部分,記下量筒中的液體體積V;D、稱出燒杯及杯中剩下液體的質量m2;E、用公式計算液體的密度ρ液。
 (1) 兩種方法中誤差較小的方案的設計者是 。但該方案中有一個多余的步驟_____,試用實驗步驟中給定的數據表示這種液體的密度值:ρ液= 。
 
(2) 說出另外一種方案的缺陷是什么?
缺陷:
實驗室的周老師認為只需將該方案的實驗步驟調整一下就可以了,那改進后的步驟為:
____、____、____、____。(只需填序號)
30.(5分)某興趣小組的同學在探究“滑動摩擦力的大小與什么因素有關系”時,提出了以下幾種猜想:
A、與物體接觸面積的大小有關
B、與物體受到的壓力大小有關
C、與物體運動速度有關
D、與物體間接觸面的粗糙程度有關
為了驗證以上猜想是否正確,小組利用如圖所示裝置進行了實驗。
實驗中所用的木塊完全相同,操作方法正確,實驗過程及實驗數據如下表所示。
(1)由第1和2次實驗,可驗證猜想 是錯誤的。
(2)由第1和3次實驗,可得出的結論是:滑動摩擦力的大小與物體 。
(3)由第1和4次實驗,可得出的結論是 。
(4)除第2和5次實驗可以驗證猜想D外,還有實驗也可驗證猜想D,這這組實驗是 和 (只填實驗次數)。
31. (3分)小科在觀看2009世界冰壺錦標賽時猜想:冰壺在冰面上的滑行距離,除了與離手時的速度大小、接觸面的粗糙程度有關外,還可能與質量有關。 為了驗證這一猜想,小科、小敏和小思做了如下實驗(如圖所示):在木塊上加放數量不等的鉤碼后,讓木塊從O點靜止滑下,記錄木塊和鉤碼的總質量m和它在水平面的滑行距離S,記錄數據如下(各組在A點時初速度均相同):
(1)從上述數據分析,可以得到的結論是:在初速度和接觸面粗糙程度相同的條件下,物體在水平面上滑行的距離與物體的質量大小 ;
(2)小敏認為:木塊及鉤碼的質量越大,對水平面的壓力越大,則滑行中受到的摩擦阻力也越大,滑行距離就會越短。因此,他認為數據有問題,于是對上表數據做了如下改動:
請你評判小敏的做法并闡述你的理由: ;
(3)小思同學反思上述實驗后認為:在初速度和所受到的摩擦阻力大小相同的條件下,物體的質量越大在平面上滑行的距離將越遠,因為: 。
32.(4分)質量為900g的物體靜止在水平地面上,受到的重力為多少N?(g=10N/kg)
33.(5分)試通過計算判斷:一根最多能承受5×104N拉力的鋼繩,能否吊起體積是0.4m3,密度為2.5×103kg/m3的石塊?(g=10N/kg)
34.(9分)有一只玻璃瓶重為1N,當裝滿水時重為4N。若在瓶中輕輕放入重7N的一些金屬顆粒,待水溢出后,稱得其總重為9N。(g=10N/kg)求:
(1)瓶子的容積;
(2)金屬顆粒的體積;
(3)金屬顆粒的密度。
初中物理二年級四月階段測試卷答案
31、(3分)(1)無關 (2)這個做法是錯誤的,應尊重客觀事實
(3)質量越大,物體的慣性越大
32、(4分)9N
33、(5分)能 計算過程略
34、(9分)(1)300cm3 (2)200cm3 (3)3.5×103kg/ m3
[來源:21世紀教育網]
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