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江蘇省南通市海安縣2013屆九年級學業水平測試(一模)試題(7科5份)

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江蘇省南通市海安縣2013屆九年級學業水平測試(一模)試題(7科5份)

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九年級英語
(考試時間:120分鐘 滿分120分)
第Ⅰ卷 (選擇題 共60分)
注 意 事 項
考生在答題前請認真閱讀本注意事項:
1. 本試卷共8頁,滿分為120分,考試時間為120分鐘。考試結束后,請將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
2. 答題前,請務必將自己的姓名、考試證號用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆填寫在試卷及答題卡上指定的位置。
3. 答案必須按要求填涂、書寫在答題卡上,在試卷、草稿紙上答題一律無效。
第Ⅰ卷共45小題,請將答案按要求寫在答題卡上。
一、單項選擇 (本題共15小題;每小題l分,滿分l5分)
從A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
1. Our teacher suggests us that watching TV at _______ most _______ hour a day during the winter holiday.
A. the; a B. a; an C.不填; a D.不填; an
2. — I hear that John has gone to Japan for a visit. Do you know it
— He made no ________ of his journey before.
A. memory B. mention C. member D. message
3. We hope our country can _______ a way to solve the problem of Diaoyu Island.
A. catch up with B. put off C. come up with D. come out of
4. The temperature now is much higher than______of 100 years ago because of more and more greenhouse gas.
A. this B. that C. it D. one
5. Wu Bing is remembered _______ the most beautiful driver because he devoted his life _______ his work.
A. for; into B. as; to C. for; to D. as; into
6. — How much are the two pairs of trousers
— They are not expensive. I think one hundred dollars ______ enough.
A. is B. are C. were D. was
7. — Be quiet, the head teacher Mr. Gu is coming.
— Don’t worry. It _____ be him. Mr. Gu is much fatter.
A. mustn’t B. may not C. needn’t D. can’t
8. — When did Prince William and Kate get married
— They ______ for about two years.
A. have married B. have been married C. got married D. have got married
9. — My cousin often has nothing for breakfast, ______ she
— ______. Because she often gets up late and is afraid of being late for school.
A. has; Yes B. doesn’t; No C. does; No D. hasn’t; Yes
10.— I don’t know which skirt was ______, so I took them both.
— Yes, it’s really difficult to choose.
A. better B. well C. best D. good
11. The young girl couldn't afford a new car. ______, she bought a used one.
A. Besides B. Otherwise C. Since D. Instead
12. — What is Mom cooking in the kitchen
— Fish, I guess. How nice it _______!
A. looks B. smells C. sounds D. tastes
13. — We’ll have _______ holiday in June. Will you go home
— No. If I go home, I’ll have to take_______ ride.
A. a one-week; seven days B. an one-week; a seven day’s
C. a one-week; a seven days’ D. an one-week’s; a seven days’
14. — Could you show me _______
— Sure.
A. what can I do with the bike B. how I could do with the bike
C. which was the way to the zoo D. where he lives
15. — I believe we’ve met here before.
— No, ________. It’s the first time I’ve been here.
A. it isn’t the same B. it’s true C. I don’t think so D. I believe so
二、完形填空 (本題共15小題;每小題l分,滿分l5分)
請認真閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
Mary’s dime(一毛錢)
It was Sunday afternoon. I decided to clean up the room nicely so that my parents would feel 16 when they returned from a long ride! Then, I sat in the room, having nothing to do.
   What else could I do Then, with no reason, I suddenly 17 the pale face of that little beggar(乞丐) girl. I could see the glad light 18 her eyes when I put the dime in her little dirty hand.
   How much I 19 that dime, too! Grandpa gave it to me a whole month ago, and I had kept it ever since in my red box upstairs, but those sugar apples looked so attractive, and were so 20 — only a dime a piece — that I wanted to have one.
   I could imagine the little girl stood there in front of the 21 in her old dirty dress, looking at the 22 that were put all in a row in the window. I wonder what I should say, “Little girl, what do you want ” I gently asked. She felt 23 and looked straight at me, just as if(似乎)nobody had spoken so 24 to her before. She realized what I had meant, so she said seriously and sadly. “I was thinking how good one of those delicious hamburgers would 25 . I haven’t had anything to eat today.”
   Now I thought to myself, “Mary Williams, you have had a good breakfast and a good lunch today, 26 this poor girl has not had a mouthful yet. You can give her your 27 . She needs it a great deal more than you do.”
   I could not run away from that little girl’s sad, 28 look — so I dropped the dime right into her hand. How 29 the girl was! I am so glad I gave her the dime, 30 I had to go without the apple lying there in the window.
16. A. disturbed B. unhappy C. satisfied D. interested
17. A. saw B. remembered C. forgot D. described
18. A. filling B. protecting C. attracting D. touching
19. A. hated B. loved C. missed D. noticed
20. A. valuable B. meaningful C. expensive D. cheap
21. A. market B. library C. store D. bookshop
22. A. dresses B. magazines C. books D. candies
23. A. surprised B. excited C. pleased D. worried
24. A. happily B. kindly C. angrily D. sadly
25. A. taste B. sound C. feel D. smell
26. A. since B. so C. and D. but
27. A. apple B. hamburger C. dime D. candy
28. A. proud B. angry C. calm D. hungry
29. A. grateful B. unlucky C. lonely D. friendly
30. A. unless B. if C. though D. because
三、閱讀理解 (本題共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)
請認真閱讀下列短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
Are you an only-child in your family Are you feeling alone at home How are you dealing with it
Zhang Luwen, 12, feels lucky to have a 4-year-old “brother”. “With him, I never feel lonely at home. He goes with me wherever I go,” said the girl of Sichuan Province. But it is not easy to be a sister. Zhang has to help her parents bath her “brother” every week. This is because he is hairy — he is a dog.
As the number of pet owners in China grows more and more, Chinese students have animal friends at home. Experts say that these small animals give these only-children lessons in love, care, teamwork and generosity.
This month, the first study on the influence of pets on the children came out. It is a survey of 402 Beijing primary school students. It shows that animal friends are good for children.
China had more than 90 million only-children by 2006, according to the government. “In families of three, most children feel lonely. They don’t have many chances to learn how to love and be responsible for others,” said Zhou Xia in the study group. “So having a pet can help with the problem.”
However, some students complain that their parents don’t allow them to have pets. “They are afraid a pet would stop me studying,” said Chen Qi, of Chongqing.
Perhaps he could learn from Qin Yixing, 13, of Beijing. “I don’t play with my dog until I have finished my homework. I made the promise to my mom and I must keep it,” said the girl.
31. According to the passage, experts think _______.
A. it is good for students to have animal friends at home
B. only-children families in China will be fewer and fewer
C. small animals at home are bad for students
D. parents should buy more pet animals for their children
32. What can we learn from the passage
A. Zhang Luwen’s parents bath every week.
B. Zhou Xia thinks a pet animal can solve the problem that children feel lonely.
C. Chen Qi of Chongqing has got a pet animal.
D. Qin Yixing’s parents don’t want her to have a pet.
B
Alderbury International Festival Society
FESTIVAL 22ND MAY-9TH JUNE 2012
Art
Displays of paintings, drawings and photographs from Europe and Asia are all part of the Festival programme, with a total of more than 400 pieces of work to be seen.
Early century advertisements will be on display at this year’s festival. Copies of these advertisements are to be sold at the box office.
Music
There will be a huge rang of music in this year’s festival from 14th dance music to modern jazz. Many famous musicians will be visiting the Festival as well as at least two internationally famous bands.
Lunchtime concerts-Every day of the Festival!
All lunchtime concerts begin at 1:00p.m. and last about 55 minutes, except on Monday, 26 of May, which is to be held in the Guildhall. All tickets are priced at 2.00.
How to get the tickets
Telephone reservations: 63362/6641 from 1st April
Payment for tickets reserved by telephone must be received at the Festival Box Office within 3 days. The tickets will then be sent by post.
One can buy tickets in person from 1st May. The Festival Box Office will be open as follows:
Monday to Saturday 9:30 a.m.-5:30 p.m.
Sunday(during the Festival only )9:30 a.m.-1:00 p.m.
33. In the Festival, you can _______.
A. buy copies of ancient advertisements B. see more than 400 drawings
C. get some paintings at the box offices D. display your works for free
34. What do we know about the music show
The lunchtime concerts last for more than an hour.
The Festival includes many kinds of music.
C. Tickets for the concerts cost more than 3.00.
D. All concerts are to be held in the Guildhall.
35. It is not possible for you to buy a ticket in person at _______.
A. 5:30 p.m. on Sunday B. 10:30 a.m. on Monday
C. 3:00 p.m. on Saturday D. 1:p.m. on Friday
36. On 1st April, you can _______.
A. enjoy modern jazz B. receive tickets by post
C. listen to lunchtime concerts D. phone for ticket reservations
C
James Cleveland Owens was the son of a farmer and the grandson of black slaves(奴隸). His family moved to Cleveland when he was 9. There, a school teacher asked the youth his name.
“J.C.,” he replied.
She thought he had said “Jesse”, and he had a new name.
Owens ran his first race at the age of 13. After high school, he went to Ohio State University. He had to work part time in order to pay for his education. As a second year student, in the Big Ten games in 1935, he set even more records than he would in the Olympic Games a year later.
A week before the Big Ten games, Owens fell down when he went downstairs. His back hurt so much that he could not exercise all week, and he was helped in and out of the car that drove him to the games. He refused to listen to the suggestions that he should give up and said he would try, event by event. He did try, and the results are in the record book.
The stage was set for Owens’ success at the Olympic Games in Berlin(柏林) the next year, and his success would come to be considered as not only athletic but also political(政治的). Hitler(希特勒) did not give congratulations to any of the black American winners.
“It was all right with me,” he said years later. “I didn’t go to Berlin to shake hands with him, anyway.”
After returning from Berlin, he received no telephone calls from the president of his own country, either. In fact, he was not honored by the United States until 1976, four years before his death.
Owens’ Olympic success made little difference to him. He earned his living by looking after a school playground, and racing against cars and dogs.
“Sure, it worried me,” he said later. “But at least it was an honest living. I had to eat.”
In the end, however, his gold medals changed his life. “They have kept me alive over the years,” he once said. “Time has stood still for me. That golden moment dies hard.”
37. In the Big Ten games, Owens .
A. hurt himself in the back
B. was successful in setting many records
C. tried every sports event but all failed
D. had to give up all events
38. We can infer from the text that Owens was treated unfairly in the US at that time because .
A. he was the grandsonof black slaves
B. he was the son of a poor farmer
C. he didn’t shake hands with Hitler
D. he didn’t talk to the US president on the phone
39. When Owens says “They have kept me alive over the years”, he means that the medals .
A. have been changed for money to help him live on
B. have made him famous in the US
C. have encouraged him to face difficulties in life
D. have kept him busy with all kinds of jobs
40. What can be the best title for the text
A. Jesse Owens — A Great American Sportsman B. The Big Ten Games
C. Making a Living As a Sportsman D. How to Be a Successful
D
I’m Alfred. I was born with a problem in my backbone and mobility(行走能力)was a big challenge, but thanks to my teachers and friends, my school life was excellent.
My friends and I used to sit together and have lots of fun. Whenever we got a free period, we used to start shouting or play games. I would take part in all competitions, such as poetry writing, story writing and painting and all activities like Teachers’ Day or anybody’s birthday and had much fun.
My English teacher was very tall. The moment she would enter the class, we would all sit quiet and open the books. She would encourage me by giving me important assignments and also morning news to read during the assembly. She would come down and hear my English debate(辯論), which made me participate in all debate competitions.
The same was true of my biology and science teacher. She was very nice and sweet. She would always give me extra information on the biology project. I could not go to the lab for the practicals (lessons or exams in science, cooking etc. in which you have to do or make something yourself rather than write or read about it), so she would bring the lab down and help me with the biology and science practicals and would give me excellent marks.
My friends made me monitor and the naughty boys listen to me. My friends used to help me with my notes if I was absent. My teachers always gave me important project work and I felt proud when they patted me on the back after I finished it quickly and correctly.
I was never shouted at or made fun of or scolded(批評) by any of my friends and teachers. Today I saw the terrible punishments given to students on television news. I felt very sad.
I really want to express my love and thanks to all my wonderful teachers and friends, without whom my school life would not have been so excellent and unforgettable. I really pray to God that each child in the world is blessed with caring teachers and wants to attend school every day.
41. Alfred’s problem in his backbone _________ .
made him have fewer friends than others
B. prevented him enjoying an excellent school life
C. left him feeling down all the time in his life
D. made it impossible for him to move freely
42. How many Alfred’s teachers are mentioned in the passage
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
43. Alfred tried to do the following EXCEPT _________.
A. play games during a free period with his friends
B. take part in all competitions and all activities
C. go to the school lab to do the practicals
D. complete his project work quickly and correctly
44. The underlined part “patted me on the back” is closest in meaning to “_________”.
A. scolded and hit me B. encouraged and praised me
C. touched my backbone D. made me calm down
45. By writing the passage, Alfred aims to __________.
A. tell us how lucky a boy student he was
B. express his thanks to his teachers and friends
C. get understanding and care from more people
D. show us his great school achievements
第Ⅱ卷 (非選擇題 共60分)
第II卷共36小題,請將答案按要求寫在答題卡上。
四、詞匯 (本題共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)
A.請根據括號中的中文提示、英文釋義或句意,寫出句中所缺單詞,使句子通順。
46. The girl is very healthy because she ___________(很少) eats junk food and exercises more.
47. The bus is so ___________(擁擠的) that we have to wait for the next one. How unlucky!
48. Zhou Kehua’s girl friend will be put in __________for five years because she also has done something against the law.
49. As teachers, we should __________(say again) the important points in class again and again so that some slow students can have a good understanding.
50. It is our duty to protect the ____________(環境)because pollution is getting more and more serious.
B. 請根據句意從方框中選擇合適的單詞,并用其適當形式填空,使句子通順。
comfortable wide happy forty visit
51. Look! They are watching the film Lost in Thailand with __________ on the Internet.
52. My father’s __________ birthday happens to be on Father’s Day.
53. The Internet is __________ used in most families in our country today.
54. Those beautiful paintings don’t belong to us. They are those ___________.
55. It will make you feel ____________ if you sit too long in front of the computer.
C. 請根據句意從方框中選擇合適的動詞,并用其適當時態填空,使句子通順。
destroy control help steal drop
56. Don’t worry about the girl too much. Her temperature __________back to normal if she takes this medicine.
57. Who __________ my new bike I can’t find it anywhere. I put it here last night.
58. People often __________ forests to build roads in the past. Now they have stopped doing so.
59. When I passed him just now, he ___________ the icon on the computer with the mouse.
60. — Why can’t she go to play basketball with us at present
— She __________ her mother with the housework.
五、句型轉換 (本題共5題,每小題1分,滿分5分)
請根據要求改寫下列句子,每空一詞。
61. Her father has been on the phone since half an hour ago. (對劃線部分提問)
_________ _________ has her father been on the phone
62. I think diving is the most difficult activity of all. (保持句意基本不變)
I think diving is more difficult than __________ __________ activity.
63. We can put those machines on the ground floor of the building. (改為被動語態)
Those machines can __________ __________on the ground floor of the building.
64. The beach is a nice place for tourists. (改為感嘆句)
___________ __________ nice place for tourists the beach is!
65. Pingping is so energetic that he can be a good monitor. (改為簡單句)
Pingping is ___________ ___________ to be a good monitor.
六、短文填空 (本題共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)
請認真閱讀下面短文,并根據各題所給首字母的提示,寫出一個合適的英語單詞完整、正確的形式,使短文通順。
Nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it. But what will you do if you fail Many people may c_▲
(66) to give up. However, the necessary way to success is to keep your g ▲ (67).
On your way to success, you must keep your direction. It is just l________(68) a lamp, guiding you in darkness and h____▲____(69) you overcome difficulties on your way. Otherwise, you will easily get lost or be a____▲____(70)to go ahead.
Direction means objectives(目標). You can arrive n____▲____(71)without an objective in life.
You can try to write your objective on p___▲___(72) and make some p_____▲__(73) to make it come true. In this way, you will know how to arrange your time and to s___▲___(74) your time properly. And you should also b ___▲__(75)you are sure to succeed as long as you keep your direction all the time.
六、短文填空(本題共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)
請認真閱讀下面短文,并根據各題所給首字母的提示,寫出一個合適的英語單詞完整、正確的形式,使短文通順。
Project Hope helps people in the poor area build schools. It also helps poor (66) c______ go to school. China’s Project Hope has raised lots of (67) m every year. It has helped more than 2.5 million poor students (68) s_____it was set up over 20 years ago. So far, the project has collected more than 2.2 billion yuan from China and (69) o_____ countries in the world. The money has been used in the building of many Project Hope primary schools.
About 80 percent of the Project Hope schools are in China’s middle and (70) w____ areas, because they are still developing.
Project Hope has helped to (71) b faraway learning centers, libraries and video centers. It also helped train school teachers from poor areas.
Of all the non-government welfare(福利)projects, Project Hope has become the (72) l______ one so far in China. People say that still about 40 million primary school students (73) n____ help around the country, including 34 million primary, junior, and high school students. Mr Gao, one of the (74) w_____ in Project Hope said the organization would (75) t______ to raise more money and help more students in the future.
答案: 66. children 67. money 68. since 69. other 70. western
71. build 72. largest 73. need 74. workers 75. try
七、閱讀與回答問題 (本題共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)
請認真閱讀下面短文,并根據短文內容回答問題。
Yang Mi is a Chinese actress and singer. She was born on September 12, 1986.
She is best known for her role as Guo Xiang in the 2006 television series The Return of the Condor Heroes( 神雕俠侶 and as Tang Xuejian in Chinese Paladin 3( 仙劍奇俠傳3 ). However, she has been getting even greater popularity through her role as Luo Qingchuan in Palace ( 宮 ).
In 2011, Mei Ah Entertainment announced that it would be producing four films for Yang, which surprised Yang.
As a singer, Yang Mi’s first personal album Close to me was on TV on January 4th, 2012.
The handsome young man named Kwone Sang Woo(權相宇)is from South Korea. He was born on August 5, 1976. In 2001, he became an actor. He likes basketball and swimming. He also likes painting and teaching. He likes painting better, because a teacher is paid little. He is famous for his good figure(身材)and his movies, such as Stairway to Heaven( 天堂的階梯 ). It is a TV series that tells a love story. Kwone Sang Woo has reportedly been cast(選派)in a Hollywood film that starts filming in Malaysia in 2012.
76. What is Yang Mi
▲ (請將答案寫在答題紙上)
77. What is Close to me
▲ (請將答案寫在答題紙上)
78. What is Kwone Sang Woo famous for
▲ (請將答案寫在答題紙上)
79. Why doesn’t Kwone Sang Woo want to become a teacher though he likes teaching
▲ (請將答案寫在答題紙上)
80. Why will Mei Ah Entertainment make films for Yang Mi (考生自擬一句話回答)
▲ (請將答案寫在答題紙上)
八、書面表達(本題滿分20分)
中國著名作家莫言,真名管謨業,2012年10月獲得諾貝爾文學獎(The Noble Prize in Literature),請根據以下提示寫一篇有關他的介紹。
1955年7月 出生于山東濰坊, 農民的兒子
1981年 開始寫作,小說家和短篇故事家
1988年 張藝謀導演的電影《紅高粱》,由他的小說改篇
2011年 作品《蛙》獲得茅盾文學獎
2012年10月 成為第一個獲諾貝爾文學獎的中國人,居住地成了旅游景點。
你的感想(請考生自擬1-2點)
注意:1.詞數90左右。短文的開頭和結尾已寫好,不計人總詞數;
2.短文應把表格中所示內容表達完整,句式規范,字跡工整;
3.可以適當發揮,使條理清晰,內容完整,意思連貫,請考生在文中不要出現真實的姓名與校名;
4.參考詞匯:novelist小說家;Red Sorghum 紅高粱 ;The Frog 蛙 ;The Mao Dun Prize in Literature茅盾文學獎
The Chinese writer Mo Yan was famous for getting the 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature. His true name is Guan Moye.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
201304初三英語學業水平測試參考答案
一、 1.D 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. C
10. A 11. D 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. C
二、16. C 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. D 21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B
25. A 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. C
三、31. A 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. A 36. D 37. B 38. A 39. C
40. A 41. D 42. B 43. C 44. B 45. B
四、A. 46. seldom 47. crowded 48. prison 49. repeat 50. environment
B. 51. happiness 52. fortieth 53. widely 54. visitors’ 55. uncomfortable
C. 56. will drop 57. has stolen 58. destroyed
59. was controlling 60. is helping
五、61. How long 62. any other 63. be put 64. What a 65. energetic enough
六、66. children 67. money 68. since 69. other 70. western
71. build 72. largest 73. need 74. workers 75. try
七、76. She is a Chinese actress and singer.
77. (It’s) Yang Mi’s first personal album.
78. He is famous for his good figure and his movies.
79. Because a teacher is paid little.
80. Because she is famous and she acts very well.
八. Possible version:
The Chinese writer Mo Yan was famous for getting the 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature. His true name is Guan Moye.
He was born in Wei Fang of Shandong in July, 1955. He is the son of a farmer. In 1981, he began to write. He is not only a novelist but also a writer of short stories. One of his novels was made into the film Red Sorghum directed by Zhang Yimou in 1988.
His work The Frog won the Mao Dun Literature Prize in 2011. What’s more, in October, 2012, he became the first Chinese to win the Nobel Prize. Also because of this his hometown has become/becomes the tourist attraction.
I’m proud of him. And I’ll try my best to work hard to learn from him. (自擬部分學生言之成理即可) (107詞)









上2012~2013學年度第二學期期中考試
九年級語文
一 (25分)
閱讀下面一段文字,完成1~4題。(6分)
有如農夫走向田野,蜜蜂飛向花海,去xún mì寧靜,自然而從容地走進書房,沉浸于別人的世界比照自己,biān cè自己。走進書房,與書對望,大千世界躍然紙上,蕓蕓眾生 A (紛至沓來/車水馬龍)。置身書博大的胸懷,你的思緒便如野草般瘋長和蔓延,撩起噴泉般的力量和創造,倍感生命誠可貴,知識價更高。
走進書房,你是自己當然的國王,“結廬在人境,而無車馬喧”,一管在握,信筆涂鴉,神游稿紙間,心可在天外,何其快哉!走進書房,荷筆當鋤,精神家園種滿稚嫩的莊稼,也許遠離豐收的季節,但心里總裝著一個秋天。慢慢地愁腸舒解,殘雪消融,
fú zào漸趨平靜,頃刻間陰霾一掃,心空一片晴朗亮麗。
1.根據拼音,在橫線上寫出相應的漢字。(3分)

2.“結廬在人境,而無車馬喧”是什么朝代哪位詩人的詩句?(1分)
3. 在A處選填合適的詞語。(1分)
4. “置身書博大的胸懷,你的思緒便如野草般瘋長和蔓延,撩起噴泉般的力量和創造”這句話,運用 修辭,形象寫出了 。(1分)
5.每年4月23日是“世界讀書日”。這樣一個日子的到來,總讓人把目光投向閱讀。今年的讀書日期間,弘謇中學九年級決定開展以“讀書與交流”為主題的語文綜合實踐活動,請你參加。
①【浸潤書香】為營造活動氛圍,積極倡導好讀書,讀好書,請你為學校的電子顯示屏原創一條含有“經典”一詞的宣傳語。(1分)

②【語言品味】學好語文讀為先,讀萬卷書,才能行萬里路。魯迅先生曾說:“讀書要像蜜蜂一樣,采過許多花,才能釀出蜜來。”美國詩人柯勒律治說:“讀書應當像石床的礦工一樣,把‘渣’甩一旁,只揀些純凈的寶石。”這兩位大師關于讀書過程的見解中表述的主要意思分別是什么?(2分)
魯迅的意思:  
柯勒律治的意思:
③【評說經典】選擇《繁星·春水》《水滸》《湯姆索亞歷險記》《鋼鐵是怎樣煉成的》《駱駝祥子》名著中的一部,就作品的內容和閱讀感受,寫一段推薦語。至少用到一種修辭手法,30字左右。(3分)
④【百家爭鳴】對于是否在教室里增設“圖書角”,同學們反應不一,展開了辯論。請你以辯論中一方的身份,闡述自己鮮明的觀點和理由。 (3分)
6.用課文原句填空。(10分)
① 出淤泥而不染, 。(周敦頤《愛蓮說》)
② ,奉命于危難之間。(諸葛亮《出師表》)
③ 人生自古誰無死?             。(文天祥《過零丁洋》)
④ 俱懷逸興壯思飛,             。(李白《宣州謝眺樓餞別校書叔云》)
⑤ 劉禹錫的《酬樂天揚州初逢席上見贈》中包含事物新陳代謝的哲理的詩句是“             ,             ”。
⑥ 王之渙《涼州詞》中有“一片孤城萬仞山”之句,范仲淹《漁家傲》中與此意境相似的句子是:____ ________,____________________。
⑦ 尋夢?撐一支長篙,向青草更青處漫溯; , 。
二(60分)
閱讀下面這首詩,完成7~8題。(5分)
重送裴郎中貶吉州
劉長卿
猿啼客散暮江頭,人自傷心水自流。
同作逐臣君更遠,青山萬里一孤舟。
【注】詩題“重送”,是因為之前詩人已經寫過一首同題的五言律詩。劉、裴曾一起被召回長安,又同遭貶謫,同病相憐,發為歌吟,感情真摯動人。
7. 展開合理想象,用形象流暢的語言描繪“青山萬里一孤舟”一句的畫面。(2分)
8.結合詩句,說說詩人是怎樣表達送別時不舍之情的?(3分)
閱讀下面的文言文,完成9~13題。(14分)
粵中①莊有恭②,幼有神童之譽。家鄰鎮粵將軍署,時為放風箏之戲,適落于將軍署之內宅,莊直入索取。諸役以其幼而忽之,未及阻其前進。將軍方與客對弈,見其神格③非凡,遽詰之曰:“童子何來?”莊以實對。將軍曰:“汝曾讀書否?曾屬對否④?”莊曰:“對,小事耳,何難之有!”將軍曰:“能對幾字?”莊曰:“一字能之,一百字亦能之。”將軍以其言之大而夸也,因指廳事所張畫幅而命之對,曰“舊畫一堂,龍不吟,虎不嘯,花不聞香鳥不叫,見此小子可笑可笑。”莊曰:“即此間一局棋,便可對矣。”應聲云:“殘棋半局,車無輪,馬無鞍,炮無煙火卒無糧,喝聲將軍提防提防。”
【注釋】①粵中:今廣東番禺市。②莊有恭:清朝人,官至刑部尚書。③神格:神態與氣質。④曾屬對否:曾經學過對對子嗎?
9. 用斜線(∕)標出下面句子的朗讀停頓(共兩處)。(2分)
諸 役 以 其 幼 而 忽 之
10.寫出下列句子中加點詞的意思。(4分)
①幼有神童之譽( ) ②適落于將軍署之內宅 ( )
③莊以實對 ( ) ④何難之有 ( )
11.用現代漢語寫出下面句子的意思。(3分)
將軍方與客對弈,見其神格非凡,遽詰之曰:“童子何來?”
12.結合全文內容,請說說莊有恭是怎樣的人。(2分)
13.中國自古以來多神童,文中的莊有恭,天資聰穎,加上后天努力,乾隆年間成了地方大員,深得老百姓的愛戴。
閱讀下面鏈接材料,結合莊有恭的故事,寫出你探究的結果。(3分)
【鏈接】
材料一:王安石《傷仲永》一文中的方仲永,5歲時就認識書寫工具,7歲就能指物作詩。鄰居家有事常喊他去作詩并給他報酬。其父覺得有利可圖,便拉著他到處賺錢,不讓其學習,結果到20歲時“泯然眾人”。
材料二:據《青年博覽》刊載,少年大學生錢某,12歲時就會微積分,被認為是神童,進入合肥科技大學學時,學生們上課,他卻在校園里閑逛,成績一落千丈。老師多次勸說仍無進步,后來不得不退學,從此告別神童生涯。
閱讀下面一篇文章,完成14~17題。(19分)
沉默不是金
人們常說“沉默是金”。這話還被寫成大字,鑲在框里,貼在很多墻壁上。人們用它來告誡自己:言多必失,少說多做,禍從口出,實干興邦,空談誤國。總之,能閉嘴的時候就閉嘴。
但是馬丁·路德金說過:“歷史將記取的社會轉變的最大悲劇不是壞人的喧囂,而是好人的沉默。”
歷史上無數悲劇源于集體的沉默。“二戰”期間,普通德國人大多已經隱隱知道那些被推上火車的猶太人的下場,但是他們對此不聞不問,照常買牛奶面包,上班下班,并對迎面走來的鄰居溫和地問候“早上好”。
今天的中國,朋友們聚餐,點龍蝦魚翅燕窩,結賬的時候,在座的人中有公職的那位“要一張發票”,這上萬塊錢的餐費最后攤到了誰頭上,不會有人追問。
“房間里的大象”在英文里,意指所有那些觸目驚心的存在卻被明目張膽地忽略甚至否定的事實或者感受,用作者澤魯巴維爾的話來說,就是“那些我們知道,但是我們清楚地知道自己不該知道”的事。
有些時候,沉默也許是源于善意和禮貌:比如在罹患重疾的親友面前,我們不愿意談起他們的病情;比如和一個口吃的人聊天,我們假裝注意不到他的口吃。但是另一些時候,沉默源于怯懦。人們害怕權力,害怕高壓,害怕失去升官發財的機會,害怕失去房子和車子,于是沉默成了自我保護的機制。高貴是高貴者的墓志銘,沉默是沉默者的通行證。另一些時候,人們所恐懼的甚至不是利益上的損失或者肉體上的暴力傷害,而是精神上被自己的同類群體孤立。出于對歸屬感的依戀,他們通過沉默來實現溫暖的“合群”。
所以,沉默的人越多,打破沉默就越難——因為當越來越多的人卷入沉默的旋渦,從這個旋渦中掙脫出來需要的力氣就越大。歷史上的先知,往往命運悲慘。( )面對第一個站出來大喊“屋子里有大象”的人,人們往往不會順著他的手指去看有沒有一只大象,而是怒斥他為什么吵醒了自己的好覺。甚至,他們會因為那個人的勇氣映照出自己的怯懦而惱羞成怒,你那么大喊大叫干什么?嘩眾取寵、愛出風頭、不識時務、神經病。“沉默如癌細胞般分裂生長”,房間里的大象就這樣在“合群”的人們的相互擁抱中越長越大。
好在隨著大象越長越大,它被戳破的可能性也隨之加大——因為隨著大象越來越大,掩蓋這只大象所花費的成本也會越來越高,并且,目擊者的增多也意味著出現“叛徒”的可能性在增大。最終,孩子小聲的一句嘟囔“皇帝沒穿衣服”,就可能使這只充氣大象迅速地癟下去。“二戰”之后,德國人紛紛睜開閉上的眼睛,可惜,在眾人眼睛的這一閉一睜之間,已經有無數人成了沉默的祭品。
拒絕發聲并不奇怪,因為發聲不但需要勇氣,也意味著承擔。談論全球變暖意味著我們要去尋找解決問題的方案,意味著我們可能要選擇不買車、少開暖氣和空調、刻意節約用水。所以,沉默是金。但是大象并不會因為你不談論它而消失,你可以不談論它,甚至不談論這種不談論,但是全球還會繼續變暖……
直視我們生活中的沉默,人們習慣于用政治或社會的壓制來為自己的沉默辯護,卻往往忘記了正是自己的沉默,在為這種壓制添磚加瓦。我們盡可以堵上自己的耳朵或者捂上自己的嘴巴,但是當房間里有一只大象時,它隨時可能會抬起腳來,踩碎我們天下太平的幻覺。
14. 標題是“沉默不是金”,文章從“沉默是金”開始寫起有什么作用?(4分)
15.文中多處提到的“房間里的大象”指什么?(4分)
________________________________
16.在括號處給劃橫線的句子“歷史上的先知,往往命運悲慘”補寫一個論據。(4分)
17.文中作者提出了怎樣的看法?聯系現實生活,談談你對作者觀點的認識。(7分)
作者的看法: (3分)
你的認識: (4分)
閱讀下面一篇文章,完成18~21題。(22分)
花開的方向
①母親喜歡養花,陽臺上擺滿了大大小小的花盆,四季的輪換里,總有花兒是綻放著的,如此,陽臺里一直充盈著春意。另外,有幾盆花是放在母親的臥室里的,那幾盆花是同一品種,母親也叫不出名字,多次的搬家,無論是同城里的遷移或城市間的輾轉,那幾盆花母親都沒有拋棄。
②那幾盆花只在每年的夏季里開放,花期半個多月。花朵并不出奇,比指甲略大些,一圈的花瓣,中間是橙黃的蕊,形狀上像極了縮小的葵花。它們通常是三五朵聚攏成簇,有一種極淺極淡的香,只在寂寂的夜里,萬慮皆寧的時刻才能感受得到。這種花唯一特別的地方,就是固定地朝著西方開放,無論怎樣地挪動位置或轉動花盆,都不能影響。母親就這樣寶貝似的把它們放在臥室里,不離不棄。
③母親對于養花有一套獨到的經驗,不管什么花,在她的調理之下,都顯出一股子活潑勁兒來,常讓她那些老姐妹們欣羨不已,總有許多人慕名上門來取經,或討花椏和花籽兒。母親的養花愛好是受姥姥影響,或者是遺傳使然,少年時曾和母親回她的老家探親,姥姥家在一個很遠很遠的鄉村,幾乎養了一屋子的花,院子里也栽得滿滿的。那時我就發現了那種母親至今珍愛著的花,想來是姥姥送她的了,問母親花名的時候,她含笑說:“你姥姥也不知道叫什么名字呢!反正我老家那邊,這種花是很常見的!”
④母親臥室里的花,起初在老家沒有搬到這個城市的時候,我記得是五盆,后來我大學畢業后,就成了六盆,而搬來這里后,又多出來一盆,成了七盆。仔細回想一下,幾乎是以每十年一盆的速度遞增著。直到去年,發現那花變成了八盆,幾乎擺滿了臥室里的窗臺。算起來,去年正是搬來這個城市的第十年了。而母親的那些老友中,卻極少有人知道這幾盆花,母親也從不給她們看,似乎那只是她自己的秘密。
⑤母親臥室里的窗戶恰好是向西開的,那些花兒擺在那兒,每年夏季開花的時候,那些花兒便叢叢簇簇地向著窗外,很像隔窗遠眺的樣子。在它們的花期里,母親留在臥室里的時間就多了,常常是坐在床上,向著那些花兒,也不知是在欣賞花兒的開放,還是看向窗外。那眼神飄忽著,仿佛很近,又似乎很遠。
⑥去年年末的時候,母親回了一次她的老家,給姥姥過八十大壽。也有好幾年沒回去了,臨行前顯得很是興奮,似乎不管多大年齡的人,一想到要見著自己的母親,都表現得像個孩子,是啊,不管多大,在母親面前都是孩子吧!母親一個勁兒地叮囑父親,臥室里的那些花幾天澆一次水,每次水量是多少,直到父親都能背得出來,這才放心而去。而陽臺里那些花兒的照看問題,母親卻是一句沒提,任由父親去折騰。
⑦ 母親回來后,很高興,有一種滿足的神情,不停地說著姥姥的身體很棒,依然伺候著一大院子的花。也難怪,八十歲的人了,能有這樣的身體和精神,作為子女自然開心幸福。心里忽然一動,姥姥八十大壽,而母親的花兒正好是八盆,回想起來,似乎真的是隨著姥姥每十歲的增長而增多一盆。于是笑問母親,母親看向那些花,說:“對呀,就是這樣,你姥姥每長十歲,我就多種一盆!”一瞬間忽然明白了母親為什么鐘愛那幾盆花了,那些花是母親從故鄉帶出來的,是姥姥曾栽種下的,母親珍愛著它們,其實是對姥姥的一種思念,一種祝福。
⑧ 有一天在網上,無意間闖入一個花卉論壇,各種花草的圖片琳瑯滿目。素來對花花草草興趣缺少的我,正要關掉網頁,忽然,仿佛閃電般,一個熟悉的畫面就劃過我的眼睛,正是母親臥室里的那種花!于是急忙點開,看它的介紹。上面說,這種花不管在什么地方什么情況下,都是向西開放,并分析了一大堆的原因。心里涌動著一種巨大的感動,因為我終于知道了它的名字,那是一個讓人悠然神飛、魂牽夢繞的名字——望鄉。
⑨那些花又到了花期,母親依然在守望著,目光輕柔地撫摸過那些小小的花朵背影,然后投向西方。而遠遠的西方,隔著山,隔著水,隔著風雨云霧,有母親的故鄉,有母親的母親!
18.揣摩文章題目,說說它的含義。(4分)
19.第②段中,作者為什么細致描寫母親養在臥室里的叫不上名字、花朵開得并不出奇又固定朝向西方開放的花?(4分)
20.品味語言,回答問題。(9分)
①“母親一個勁兒地叮囑父親,臥室里的那些花幾天澆一次水,每次水量是多少,直到父親都能背得出來,這才放心而去。而陽臺里那些花兒的照看問題,母親卻是一句沒提,任由父親去折騰。”
請具體說說“一個勁兒地叮囑”“一句沒提”放在一起表述的作用。(5分)
②“心里涌動著一種巨大的感動,因為我終于知道了它的名字,那是一個讓人悠然神飛、魂牽夢繞的名字——望鄉。”
結合文本,分析“終于”一詞中表達了作者怎樣的情感。(4分)
21. 第⑤段中,“那眼神飄忽著,仿佛很近,又似乎很遠。”請用自己的語言描述當時母親的心理。(不少于30字)(5分)
三(65分,其中含寫字5分)
22.作文。(65分,其中寫字分5分)
閱讀下面的文字,根據要求作文。(60分)
魅力指自然流露出來的令人喜歡的感覺,是極能吸引人的力量。美國女詩人普拉斯說,魅力有一種能使人開顏、消怒,并且悅人和迷人的神秘品質。像根絲巧妙地編織在性格里, 閃閃發光,光明燦爛,經久不滅。”
成長的路上,我們離不開對魅力的向往,追求中我們的視野變寬了,我們的知識變豐富了,我們的情感變細膩了,我們的能力提高了……
請根據自己的生活經歷和切身體驗,以“ 的魅力”為題,寫一篇文章。
要求:①除詩歌外,文體不限;②不少于600個字;③文中不得出現真實的地名、校名和人名;④書寫要正確、規范、美觀。
注意事項:
考生在答題前認真閱讀本注意事項及各題答題要求
1.本試卷共6頁,滿分為150分,考試時間為150分鐘。考試結束后,請將答題紙交回。
2.答題前,請務必將自己的姓名、考試證號等用書寫黑色字跡的0.5毫米簽字筆填寫在答題紙上。
3.作答非選擇題必須用書寫黑色字跡的0.5毫米簽字筆寫在答題紙上的指定位置,在其它位置作答一律無效。如需改動,請用橡皮擦干凈后,再書寫其它答案。江蘇省如皋中學2013屆高三下學期階段練習試題(9科9份)海安縣2013年九年級學業水平測試
數 學
注 意 事 項
考生在答題前請認真閱讀本注意事項:
1.本試卷共6頁,滿分為150分,考試時間為120分鐘.考試結束后,請將本試卷和答題卡一并交回.
2.答題前,請務必將自己的姓名、考試證號用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆填寫在試卷及答題卡上指定的位置.
3.答案必須按要求填涂、書寫在答題卡上,在試卷、草稿紙上答題一律無效.
一、選擇題(本大題共10小題,每小題3分,共30分.在每小題給出的四個選項中,恰有一項是符合題目要求的,請將正確選項的字母代號填涂在答題卡相應位置上)
1. -4的相反數( ▲ ).
A.4 B.-4 C. D.-
2. 2012年海安縣全年生產總值達480.14億元,其中480.14億元用科學記數法可表示為( ▲ ).
A.480.14×108元 B.4.8014×102元 C.4.8014×1010元 D.4.8014××108元
3. 一個幾何體的三視圖如圖所示,那么這個幾何體是( ▲ ).
A. B. C. D.
4. 下列圖形中,既是軸對稱圖形,又是中心對稱圖形的是( ▲ ).
A.直角三角形 B.等腰梯形
C.平行四邊形 D.線段
5. 如圖,直線a∥b,點B在直線b上,且AB⊥BC,
∠2=65°,則∠1的度數為( ▲ ).
A.65° B.25°
C.35° D.45°
6. 甲、乙兩人在相同的條件下,各射靶 10 次,經過計算:甲、乙射擊成績的平均數都是 8 環,甲射擊成績的方差是 1.2,乙射擊成績的方差是 1.8.下列說法中不一定正確的是( ▲ ).
A.甲、乙射擊成績的眾數相同 B.甲射擊成績比乙穩定
C.乙射擊成績的波動比甲較大 D.甲、乙射中的總環數相同
7. 已知方程x2-5x+2=0的兩個解分別為x1、x2,則x1+x2-x1·x2的值為( ▲ ).
A.-7 B.-3 C.7 D.3
8. 分式方程的解為( ▲ ).
A. B. C.無解 D.
9. 如圖,直線與軸、軸分別交于A、B兩點,把△AOB繞點A順時針旋轉60°后得到△AO′B′,則點B'的坐標是( ▲ ).
A.(4,) B.(,4) C.(,3) D.(,)
第9題 第10題 第14題
10.如圖,Rt△ABC中,BC=,∠ACB=90°,∠A=30°,D1是斜邊AB的中點,過D1作D1E1⊥AC于E1,連結BE1交CD1于D2;過D2作D2E2⊥AC于E2,連結BE2交CD1于D3;過D3作D3E3⊥AC于E3,…,如此繼續,可以依次得到點E4、E5、…、E2013,分別記△BCE1、△BCE2、△BCE3、···、△BCE2013的面積為S1、S2、S3、…、S2013.則S2013的大小為( ▲ ).
A. B. C. D.
二、填空題(本大題共8小題,每小題3分,共24分.不需寫出解答過程,請把答案直接填寫在答題卡相應位置上)
11.分解因式 x2+3x= ▲ .
12.一個正多邊形的每個外角為15°,則這個正多邊形的邊數為 ▲ .
13.不等式組的解是 ▲ .
14.如圖,在矩形ABCD中,DE平分∠ADC交BC于點E,EF⊥AD交AD于點F,若EF=3,AE=5,則AD= ▲ .
15.如圖,在⊙O中,弦AB的長為8,圓心O到AB的距離為cm,則劣弧等于 ▲ .
16.如圖,在函數(x<0)和(x>0)的圖象上,分別有A、B兩點,若AB∥x軸且OA⊥OB,則A點坐標為 ▲ .
第15題 第16題 第18題
17.華潤蘇果的賬目記錄顯示,某天賣出39支牙刷和21盒牙膏,收入396元;另一天以同樣的價格賣出同樣的52支牙刷和28盒牙膏,收入應該是 ▲ 元.
18.在梯形ABCD中,AD∥BC,AB=CD,BC=4AD,AD=,∠B=45°.直角三角板含45°角的頂點E在邊BC上移動,一直角邊始終經過點A,斜邊與CD交于點F,若△ABE是以AB為腰的等腰三角形,則CF= ▲ .
三、解答題(本大題共10小題,共96分.請在答題卡指定區域內作答,解答時應寫出文字說明、證明過程或演算步驟)
19.(本小題滿分10分)
(1)計算 ; (2)化簡 .
20.(本小題滿分8分)
先化簡,并選擇一個有意義的數a代入求值.
21.(本小題滿分9分)
“校園手機”現象越來越受到社會的關注.“寒假”期間,某校小記者隨機調查了某地區若干名學生和家長對中學生帶手機現象的看法,統計整理并制作了如下的統計圖:
(1)求這次調查的家長人數,并補全圖①;
(2)求圖②中表示家長“贊成”的圓心角的度數;
(3)已知某地區共6500名家長,估計其中反對中學生帶手機的大約有多少名家長?
學生及家長對中學生帶手機的態度統計圖 家長對中學生帶手機的態度統計圖
圖① 圖②
22.(本小題滿分8分)
如圖,AB是⊙O的直徑,AD、BD是半圓的弦,且∠PDA=∠PBD.
(1)求證:PD是⊙O的切線;
(2)如果∠BDE=60°,PD=,求PA的長.
23.(本小題滿分8分)
如圖,海上有一燈塔P,在它周圍6海里內有暗礁.一艘海輪以18海里/時的速度由西向東方向航行,行至A點處測得燈塔P在它的北偏東60°的方向上,繼續向東行駛20分鐘后,到達B處又測得燈塔P在它的北偏東45°方向上,如果海輪不改變方向繼續前進有沒有觸礁的危險
24.(本小題滿分8分)
如圖,在直角坐標系xOy中,直線與雙曲線相交于A(-1,a)、B兩點,BC⊥x軸,垂足為C,△AOC的面積是1.
(1)求m、n的值;
(2)求直線AC的解析式.
25.(本小題滿分9分)
在一個布口袋里裝著白、紅、黑三種顏色的小球,它們除顏色之外沒有任何其它區別,其中有白球3只、紅球2只、黑球1只.袋中的球已經攪勻.
(1)閉上眼睛隨機地從袋中取出1只球,求取出的球是黑球的概率;
(2)若取出的第1只球是紅球,將它放在桌上,閉上眼睛從袋中余下的球中再隨機地取出1只球,這時取出的球還是紅球的概率是多少?
(3)若取出一只球,將它放回袋中,閉上眼睛從袋中再隨機地取出1只球,兩次取出的球都是白球概率是多少?(用列表法或樹狀圖法計算)
26.(本小題滿分10分)
如圖,菱形ABCD中,AB=AC,點E、F分別為邊AB、BC上的點,且AE=BF,連接CE、AF交于點H,連接DH交AC于點O.
(1)△ABF≌△CAE;
(2)HD平分∠AHC嗎?為什么?
27.(本小題滿分12分)
如圖,平面直角坐標系中,直線y=-x+8分別交x軸、y軸于點B、點A,點D從點A出發沿射線AB方向以每秒1個單位長的速度勻速運動,同時點E從點B出發沿射線BC方向以每秒個單位長的速度勻速運動.設點D、E運動的時間是t秒(t>0).過點D作DF⊥AO于點F,連接DE、EF.
(1)當t為何值時,△BDE與△BAO相似;
(2)寫出以點D、F、E、O為頂點的四邊形面積s與運動時間t之間的函數關系;
(3)是否存在這樣一個時刻,此時以點D、F、E、B為頂點的四邊形是菱形,如果存在,求出相應的t的值;如果不存在,請說明理由.
28.(本小題滿分14分)
如圖,拋物線y=-x2+mx+n與x軸分別交于點A(4,0),B(-2,0),與y軸交于點C.
(1)求該拋物線的解析式;
(2)M為第一象限內拋物線上一動點,點M在何處時,△ACM的面積最大;
(3)在拋物線的對稱軸上是否存在這樣的點P,使得△PAC為直角三角形?若存在,請求出所有可能點P的坐標;若不存在,請說明理由.
備用圖
海安縣2013年九年級學業水平測試
數學參考答案
一、選擇題(本大題共10小題,每小題3分,共30分)
1.A 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.B
6.A 7.D 8.D 9.B 10.C
二、填空題(本大題共8小題,每小題3分,共24分)
11.x(x+3); 12.24; 13.2<x<6; 14.7;
15.π; 16.(-,); 17.528; 18.
三、解答題(本大題共10小題,共96分.請在答題卡指定區域內作答,解答時應寫出文字說明、證明過程或演算步驟)
19.(1)原式=3-1+1-4 4分
=-1; 5分
(2)原式= 4分
=ab. 5分
20.原式= 3分
==. 6分
取0和1以外的任何數. 8分
21.(1)這次調查的家長人數為400人,圖略(注:反對人數280人); 3分
(2)36°; 6分
(3)反對中學生帶手機的大約有4550名家長. 9分
22.(1)連接OD,∵OB=OD,∠ADO=∠PBD.
又∵∠PDA=∠PBD,∴∠PBD=∠BDO,∴∠PBD=∠BDO.
又∵AB是⊙O直徑,∴∠ADB=90°.即∠ADO+∠BDO=90°,
∴∠ADO+∠PDA=90°,即OD⊥PD,∴PD是⊙O的切線. 3分
(2)∵∠BDE=60°,∠ODE=90°,∴∠BDO=30°,
∵∠ADO+∠BDO=90°,∴∠ADO=60°.
∴△AOD是等邊三角形.故∠POD=60°,∵OD⊥PD,∴∠P=30°,則PD=2DO.
在Rt△POD中,設OD=AO=x,則,
∴,解得,(不合題意,舍去),
∴AO=1,PO=2,PA=PO-AO=1. 8分
23.解:過P作PC⊥AB于C點,根據題意,得
AB=18×=6,∠PAB=90°-60°=30°,
∠PBC=90°-45°=45°,∠PCB=90°,
∴PC=BC. 3分
在Rt△PAC中,tan30°=,
即,解得PC=. 7分
∵>6,∴海輪不改變方向繼續前進無觸礁危險. 8分
24.解:(1)∵直線與雙曲線相交于A(-1,a)、B兩點,
∴B點橫坐標為1,即C(1,0)
∵△AOC的面積為1,∴A(-1,1)
將A(-1,1)代入,可得m=-1,n=-1. 5分
(2)設直線AC的解析式為y=kx+b
∵y=kx+b經過點A(-1,1)、C(1,0)
∴ 解得k=-,b=.
∴直線AC的解析式為y=-x+. 8分
25.(1); 3分
(2); 6分
(3). 9分
26.解:(1)∵ABCD為菱形,∴AB=BC.
∵AB=AC,∴△ABC為等邊三角形.
∴∠B=∠CAB=60°.
又∵AE=BF,AB=AC,
∴△ABF≌△CAE. 5分
(2)答:HD平分∠AHC.
理由:過點D作DG⊥CH于點G,作DK⊥FA交FA的延長線于點K,
∵△ABF≌△CAE.∴∠BAF=∠CAE,∵∠BAF+∠CAF=60°,∴∠CAE+∠CAF=60°,
∴∠AHC=120°,∵∠ADC=60°,∴∠HAD+∠HCD=180°,
∵∠HAD+∠KAD=180°,∴∠HCD=∠KAD,
∵AD=CD,∠DGC=∠AKD=90°,∴△ADK≌△CDG,
∴DK=DG,∵DG⊥CH,DK⊥FA,∴HD平分∠AHC. 10分
27.(1)∵直線y=-x+8分別交x軸、y軸于點B、點A,
∴OB=6,OA=8,
則AD=t,BE=t,BD=10-t,
∵△BDE與△BAO具有公共角∠ABO.
∴當或時兩三角形相似.
即或,解得t=5或.
∴當t為5或時,△BDE與△BAO相似. 3分
(2)①當點D在線段AB上時,
∵DF⊥OA,BO⊥AO,∴DF∥BE,∴△ADF∽△ABO,
∴DF∶BO=AD∶AB=AF∶OA,∴DF=,AF=,
∴BE=DF,∴四邊形DFEB為平行四邊形,S△DEF=S△BEF=SDFEB,
∴四邊形OFDE的面積等于△BOF的面積,
∴s=BO·OF=×6×(8-)=24-(0<t≤10). 5分
②當點D在AB的延長線上時,四邊形OEFD為梯形,
s=(OE+DF)·OF=×(-6+)×=(t>10) 7分
(3)①當點D在線段AB上時,已知四邊形DFEB為平行四邊形,只需保證BD=BE,即可保證四邊形DFEB是菱形,即10-t=,解得t=. 9分
②當點D在AB的延長線上時,易證四邊形BEFD為平行四邊形,只需保證BD=BE,即可保證四邊形DFEB是菱形,即t-10=,解得t=25. 11分
綜上所述,當t的值為或25時,以點D、F、E、B為頂點的四邊形是菱形. 12分
28.(1)∵y=-x2+mx+n與x軸分別交于點A(4,0),B(-2,0),
∴ 解得
∴拋物線的解析式為y=-x2+2x+8. 4分
(2)設M坐標為(a,-a 2+2a+8),其中a>0.
∵拋物線與y軸交于點C,∴C(0,8).
∵A(4,0),C(0,8).∴直線AC的解析式為y=-2x+8.
過點M作x軸的垂線,交AC于N,則N的坐標為(a,-2a+8).
∴△ACM的面積=△MNC的面積+△AMN的面積
=-a 2+4a.
=-(a-2)2+4
當a=2,即M坐標為(2,8)時,△ACM的面積最大,最大面積為4. 8分
(3)①當∠ACP=90°時,點P的坐標為(1,9.5); 9分
②當∠CAP=90°時,點P的坐標為(1,-1.5); 10分
③當∠APC=90°時,點P的坐標為(1,4+)或(1,4-). 14分
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第5題
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C2013年海安縣模擬試卷考試
物 理
第Ⅰ卷(選擇題 共20分)
第Ⅰ卷共10小題,每小題2分,共20分.每小題給出的四個選項中只有一個選項正確,答案請按要求填涂在答題卡上.
1.下列關于聲現象的幾種說法,正確的是( )
A.超聲波和次聲波都不能在空氣中傳播
B.禁止鳴喇叭屬于阻斷噪聲傳播
C.二胡和笛子演奏聲的音色不同
D.在空氣中,聲速約為3108m/s
2.下列幾種物質中導電能力最強的是( )
A.超導體   B.半導體    C.絕緣體   D.導體
3.下列說法中錯誤的是( )
A.固體很難被壓縮說明分子間有斥力 B.磁鐵能吸引大頭針說明分子間有引力
C.原子核由質子和中子組成 D.香氣襲人說明分子在永不停息地運動
4.運動員關節扭傷后,馬上給他噴涂一種霧狀的極易揮發的液態氯乙烷,用它作麻醉劑可使運動員的皮膚迅速冷卻,在一段時間內失去疼痛感,這是由于氯乙烷
A.汽化吸熱 B.凝固放熱 C.熔化吸熱 D.升華吸熱
5.大翅鯨,體形肥大,成年大翅鯨的平均體長十二三米,質量二三十噸.請你估算成年大翅鯨的體積最接近于( )
A.3m3   B.3×101m3 C.3×102m3   D.3×103m3
6.由下列幾個實例聯想到的物理知識,其中錯誤的是( )
A.“孤掌難鳴”,表明力是物體對物體的作用
B.靜止在水平桌面上的杯子的重力和它對桌面的壓力是一對平衡力
C.點心師傅將包子皮上捏出漂亮的花邊,是力改變了物體的形狀
D.把雞蛋往碗沿上一磕,雞蛋就破了,說明力的作用是相互的
7.用已經調節好的天平稱某物體的質量,天平指針位于分度盤中央位置時,右盤內的砝碼有50g、10g和5g各一個,游碼的位置如圖所示,該物體的質量為( )
A.65.4g B.67.2g
C.67.4g D.67.6g
8.讓平行光經過透鏡,在光屏上得到一個最小的光斑(如圖),小明用此透鏡做“探究透鏡成像規律”的實驗.下列說法中正確的是( )
A.物體距透鏡20cm時,成縮小的實像
B.物體距透鏡15cm時,成放大的虛像
C.物體距透鏡25cm時,成放大的實像
D.物體從距透鏡20cm處遠離透鏡時,所成的像逐漸變小
9.寒冷的冬天,室外的水缸、河面都結冰了,而腌咸鴨蛋的鹽水卻沒有結冰.同學們針對這一現象,提出下列幾個問題,其中較有價值又可進行探究的問題是( )
A.為什么鹽水的凝固點比純水低?
B.為什么鹽水溫度降低后也會結冰?
C.鹽水的凝固點和含鹽量之間有什么關系?
D.鹽水中含鹽量越高其凝固點越低.
10.如圖所示電路中,R為定值電阻.閉合開關后,當滑片P在某兩點之間滑動時,電流表的示數變化范圍是0.5 A ~1.5A,電壓表的示數變化范圍是3 V ~6V.小麗通過推算,得出四個結論,其中不正確的是( )
A.變阻器連入電路的電阻變化范圍為2Ω~12Ω
B.定值電阻R的阻值為3Ω
C.實驗中R兩端的電壓變化范圍為1.5V~4.5V
D.電路消耗的總功率的變化范圍約為2.75W~11.25W
第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題 共70分)
第Ⅱ卷共11小題,計70分,請按要求回答.
26.光纖通信是利用 (電磁波/超聲波)在光導纖維中 (反射/折射/直線傳播),實現信息傳輸的,它具有傳輸信息量大、不受外界電磁場干擾和 等優點.
27.在探究液體內部壓強與深度、密度關系的實驗中.小明選擇了幾種不同的液體,把壓強計的金屬盒放在液體中測量壓強的大小.由圖可知,金屬盒的_______相同,目的是探究液體壓強與_______的關系.
28.如圖所示,用滑輪組拉著重900N的物體A沿水平方向勻速移動,在40s內移動了8m,拉力F所做的功為1280J.則:
(1)拉力的大小為_________N,功率為_________W.
(2)不計繩重及繩子與滑輪間的摩擦,若滑輪組的機械效率為95%.則動滑輪的重力為__________N.
29.某自動恒溫箱的控制電路如圖甲(a、b端所控制的加熱電路未畫出).箱內電阻Rl=5kΩ,R2為熱敏電阻,其阻值隨溫度變化的圖像如圖乙所示,電源電壓為12 V.當a、b間的電壓Uab小于2.4 V時,恒溫箱內的電熱絲通電加熱;當a、b間的電壓Uab大于3 V時,電熱絲停止加熱.
(1)a、b間的電壓Uab等于2.4 V時,控制電路中的電流為________mA,熱敏電阻R2的阻值為__________kΩ.
(2)恒溫箱內的溫度范圍為_____℃到_____℃.
30.小明探究物質熔化和沸騰的實驗如圖甲所示.今把20g某種固體碾碎后放入試管中,插入溫度計,再將試管放在裝有水的燒杯中加熱.根據實驗數據畫出的圖像如圖乙所示.根據圖像回答問題:
(1)這種物質是__________(選填“晶體”或“非晶體”).你判斷的依據:___________
(2)這種物質的沸點是_________℃.
(3)實驗中,熱從火焰傳遞給水,卻不會反過來傳遞,說明能量的轉移具有 性.
(4)這種物質的液態比熱容c=3×103J/(kg·℃),從熔點升高到沸點吸熱________J.實驗結束時,小明發現從開始加熱到實驗結束的10min內消耗酒精約5g.請估算出這種裝置能量的轉化效率約為_________%.(酒精的熱值3.0×107J/kg,估算結果保留整數)
(5)小明還發現,液體沸騰的過程中如果撤去酒精燈,試管中液體會繼續沸騰片刻.其原因是______________.
31.(6分)按要求完成下列各圖.
(1)畫出作用在“開瓶起子”上動力F1的力臂和阻力F2的示意圖.(2)如圖所示,一束光射向一塊玻璃磚.畫出這束光進入玻璃和離開玻璃后的徑跡.(3)當給螺線管通電時,小磁針N極的指向如圖所示.試在圖中標出螺線管的極性及電流方向.
32.(9分)十多天前海安縣的體育中考順利結束.跳繩考試時,小麗同學在規定的時間內,連續跳躍150次,獲得跳繩項目的滿分.已知小麗的質量為45kg,每只鞋底與地面的接觸面積為150cm2,跳繩的平均高度為5cm.(g取10N/kg)回答下列問題:
(1)小麗站在操場上等待跳繩考試時,對地面的壓力和壓強各為多大?
(2)小麗跳繩過程所做的功和跳繩的平均功率各為多少?
33.(10分)在課外科技活動中,小宇設想了兩種飲水機加熱電路的方案.
方案1:如圖甲,R1、R2為電加熱管,都安裝在加熱水槽內;
方案2:如圖乙,R1是電加熱管,安裝在加熱水槽內,R2為定值電阻,安裝在加熱水槽外面.
電路中S是一個溫控開關,當水槽內水溫低于80℃時,它位于加熱端,飲水機處于加熱狀態,水被迅速加熱,溫度達到95℃時,S自動切換到另一端,讓飲水機處于保溫狀態.
小宇為它設計的飲水機制作了銘牌,銘牌上的主要技術參數如表所示.
額定電壓 220V
加熱功率 880W
保溫功率 88 W
最高溫度 95℃
加熱效率 90%
回答問題:
(1)請對兩個電路進行評估.設計合理的電路是_______(甲/乙).簡述其理由.理由:____________________________________________________________________________
(2)如果飲水機的結構如圖乙,從開始通電到水溫升到最高,所用時間10min.則消耗的電能為_________J,水的內能增加了_______J.
(3)如果飲水機的結構如圖甲.加熱管R1的電阻是多大?加熱管R2的阻值是多大?
(4)為了顯示是加熱還是保溫,小宇在圖中的適當位置串聯了兩個指針燈,用紅色表示正在對水加熱,綠色表示保溫.請你在甲圖安裝綠燈的位置處,畫出燈泡的符號.
34.(8分)小明同學用電壓表、電流表測量小燈泡電功率的實驗,已知電源電壓3V,燈泡上標有“2.5V”的字樣.
(1)小明連接了如圖所示的實驗電路,檢查后發現有一根導線連接有錯誤.請你在這根導線上打“×”,并用筆畫線代替導線,畫出正確的連線.
(2)電路改正后,閉合開關,小明發現燈泡不亮,電流表的示數為零,電壓表有示數,取下燈泡,兩表的示數仍不變.其故障可能是 ____ .
(3)故障排除后,小明閉合開關,將滑片向 移動到某個位置時,電壓表示數為2V,為了使小燈泡正常發光,又需將滑片向 移動.(填 左/右)
(4)小燈泡正常發光時,電流表的示數如圖所示.則小燈泡正常發光的電流為______A,額定功率為_______W,滑動變阻器連入電路的電阻________Ω.
35.(7分)在觀察“磁場對通電直導線的作用”活動中,小明按照圖示組裝實驗器材.
(1)小明把一根輕質的鋁棒作為直導線放在蹄形磁體的磁場里,接通電源,看到直導線向左運動.說明磁場對通電導線有________的作用.
(2)若只將磁體的兩極對調,接通電源,觀察到直導線向________(選填“左”或“右”)運動.
(3)觀察“磁場對通電直導線的作用”活動后.小明提出:磁場對通電導線作用力的大小與什么因素有關?
思考后認為可能影響磁場對電流作用的因素有:直導線的長度、磁場的強弱和導線的電流大小.
請在圖中器材的基礎上,添加適當的器材,設計一個簡單實驗,探究磁場中通電導線作用力大小與導線中電流的大小是否有關.
簡要做法:_____________________________________
如何判斷:_____________________________________
36.(9分)我國自行設計的“蛟龍號”載人潛水器(如圖甲)完成下潛深度7000m的深海潛試,標志著我國成為第五個掌握大深度載人深潛技術的國家.蛟龍號帶有適當數量的壓載鐵,通過改變壓載鐵的數量,來控制其下沉或上浮.蛟龍號工作時,開始因壓載鐵的數量較多,浮力小于重力而下沉.到達工作區后,拋掉部分壓載鐵,使其浮力接近于重力,減小螺旋槳的工作壓力.工作結束后,拋掉所有的壓載鐵,蛟龍號這時浮力大于重力而上升.
“蛟龍號”的電源是由多節充油銀鋅蓄電池串聯而成.這種電源的“比能量”約為14kW.h/kg,“比能量”是指電池單位質量所輸出的電能.這種蓄電池的放電電壓隨時間的變化規律如圖,可以用60A的電流連續放電13h.
(1)加速下沉的“蛟龍號”,若在經過某一密度均勻的海水區域時,迅速拋掉部分壓載鐵,使其所受浮力等于重力,不計水的阻力,則其將( )
A.繼續加速下沉 B.減速下沉 C.勻速下沉 D.立即靜止
(2)在深海工作區內,“蛟龍號”以2km/h的速度水平巡航到1000m外的另一個工作區需要_______h.
(3)“蛟龍號”的體積約為20m3,深海工作區海水的密度為1.06×103kg/m3.則“蛟龍號”在工作區所受的浮力為多少N?“蛟龍號”的質量約為多少kg (g取10N/kg)
(4)“蛟龍號”工作時,需要的總能量約為112kW.h.則其電源的質量約為__________kg,為了對“蛟龍號”正常供電,串聯的蓄電池不得少于_________節.
初三物理調研考試參考答案
第Ⅰ卷共10小題,每小題2分,共20分.
1.C 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.C 8.D 9.C 10.D
第Ⅱ卷共11小題,計70分,請按要求回答.
26.電磁波;反射;通信質量高(或能量損耗少)
27.深度;液體密度
28.(1)80;32 (2)8
29.(1)0.48;20 (2)20;30
30.(1)晶體;熔化過程溫度不變(2分) (2)90 (3)方向
(4)2.4×103 ;8 (5)燒杯中的水繼續給它加熱(2分)
(說明:26~30題,其它每空1分,共21分)
31.(1)動力F1的力臂和阻力F2的示意圖各1分,(F1的力臂必須是O到F1的垂直距離,阻力F2的作用點在“開瓶起子”的下齒上,大小明顯大于F1).
(2)有法線,光的傳播方向基本上符合折射規律就得1分,離開的光束和射向玻璃的光束看起來平行,再得1分.
(3)極性和電流方向各1分.
(說明:每圖2分,共6分)
32.(9分)(1) 壓力 (2分)
壓強 (2分)
(4)跳一次所做的功 (2分)
跳繩過程中所做的功 (1分)
功率(2分)
33.(10分)(1)甲;甲圖所示的電路,保溫狀態時,電阻R1、R2消耗的電能都用于水的保溫.乙圖所示的電路,保溫狀態時,只有電阻R1消耗的電能用于水的保溫,定值電阻R2消耗的電能沒有得到利用.(學生若能說明“乙圖,因R1遠小于R2,R2消耗的電能遠多于R1,保溫時能量的轉化效率很低”、“保溫狀態時,甲圖的能量的轉化率遠高于乙圖”更好).(2分)
(2); (各1分)
(3)加熱管R1的電阻 (2分)
保溫時總電阻 (1分)
加熱管R2的阻值 (1分)
(4)位置正確(1分)
34.(8分)(1)打“×”、畫線各一分
(2)燈泡斷路
(3)左 、左
(4)0.26;0.65;1.9
(以上每空1分)
35.(7分)(1)力;右(各1分)
(2)在圖所示的電路中串聯一個滑動變阻器,移動變阻器的滑片,改變導線中電流的大小,觀察通電導線擺動的幅度(3分)
比較通電導線擺動的幅度,以此判斷磁場對通電導線作用力大小與導線中電流的大小是否有關(2分)
36.(9分)(1)C(2分) (2)0.5 (1分)
(3)浮力(2分)
在工作區時浮力接近于重力,則有質量(2分)
(4)8;90(各1分)
海安縣2013屆九年級學業水平測試(一模)
化學試題
可能用到的相對原子質量:H-1 C-12 O-16 N-14 Na-23 Cl-35.5 Ca-40 Ag-108
第Ⅰ卷(選擇題 共40分)
第Ⅰ卷共20小題,每小題2分,共40分。每小題給出的四個選項中只有一個選項正確。第1至10題為物理試題,第11至20題為化學試題.答案請按要求填涂在答題卡上。
11.糖類俗稱“碳水化合物”,下列食物中富含“碳水化合物”的是
A.雞肉 B.米飯 C.蘋果 D.菜油
12.某大型鋼鐵企業下屬4家工廠,其中利用化學變化制造產品的工廠是
A.煉鋼廠(鐵礦石冶煉成鋼) B.棒材廠(鋼錠抽拉成鋼棒)
C.帶鋼廠(鋼錠壓延成鋼帶) D.模具廠(鋼鐵熔化注模制成機件)
13.下列關于資源、材料、能源的說法中錯誤是
A.海水中蘊藏著大量的化學資源 B.鋼鐵是使用最多的金屬材料
C.玻璃鋼是生活中常見復合材料 D.沼氣和天然氣都是可再生能源
14.鑒別日常生活中的下列各組物質,兩種方法均正確的是
A.硬水和軟水:滴加食鹽水或加熱蒸發
B.甲烷和一氧化碳:滴加澄清石灰水或觀察顏色
C.真黃金和假黃金(銅鋅合金):灼燒或用銅片刻畫
D.氧氣和二氧化碳:滴加酚酞溶液或伸入燃著的木條
15.下列有關水的說法中,正確的是
A.水結成冰后,水分子間的間隔變大 B.電解水時,正極端會產生較多氫氣
C.水中含有2個氫原子和1個氧原子 D.硝酸銨固體溶水時,溶液溫度上升
16.實驗證明C2O3的化學性質與CO相似。下列關于C2O3的說法錯誤的是
A.C2O3屬于非金屬氧化物 B.C2O3中碳元素的質量分數為33.3%
C.C2O3有毒,密度比空氣小 D.C2O3不可以使澄清石灰水變渾濁
17.下列關于右圖裝置的說法中,正確的是
A.該裝置中的儀器a是長頸漏斗
B.該裝置使用前無需檢查氣密性
C.該裝置可用于實驗室制取氧氣
D.該裝置常用于實驗室制取二氧化碳
18.物質與水發生的復分解反應稱為水解反應,如:Al2S3+6H2O=2Al(OH)3↓+3H2S↑。下列反應中,不屬于水解反應的是
A.NaF + H2O = NaOH + HF B.C + H2O(氣態) CO + H2
C.Mg3N2 + 6H2O = 3Mg(OH)2 + 2NH3 D.CaO2 + 2H2O = Ca(OH)2 + H2O2
19.20℃時,將等質量的甲、乙兩種固體物質(不含結晶水),分別加入到盛有100g水的燒杯中,充分攪拌后現象如圖1,加熱到50℃時現象如圖2,甲、乙兩種物質的溶解度曲線如圖3。
則下列說法中正確的是
A.圖1中乙的溶液一定是不飽和溶液 B.圖2中兩溶液中溶質質量分數一定相等
C.圖3中N表示的是甲的溶解度曲線 D.圖2中兩溶液降溫至30℃都會析出晶體
20.一定條件下,在一個密閉容器內發生某反應,測得反應前后各物質的質量如下圖所示。
下列關于以上反應的說法中,正確的是
A.X的值為44 B.W由碳、氫兩種元素組成
C.該反應屬于置換反應 D.W中碳、氫元素質量比為4∶1
第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題 共110分)
第Ⅱ卷共16小題,共110分。第21至25題為化學試題,第26至36題為物理試題。答案請按要求填涂在答題卡上。
21.(7分)依圖填空:
⑴硫離子的符號為 ▲ ,硫酸鈉的化學式為 ▲ ;
⑵從原子結構上分析,圖中鈣、鎂元素具有相似化學性質的主要原因是 ▲ ;
⑶生石灰(由圖中某兩種元素組成)常用作干燥劑,該干燥劑的吸水原理是 ▲ (用化學方程式表示);
⑷碘元素是人體必需的 ▲ (填“常量”或“微量”)元素,它處于元素周期表中的第 ▲
周期;由圖中鈣、碘、氧三種元素組成的碘酸鈣[Ca(IO3)2]中,碘元素顯 ▲ 價。
22.(7分)在FeCl3溶液蝕刻銅箔制造電路板的工藝中,廢液(主要含有FeCl2和CuCl2)處理和資源回收的過程簡述如下:
I:向廢液中投入過量鐵屑,充分反應后分離出固體和濾液;
II:向濾液中加入一定量石灰水,調節溶液pH,同時鼓入足量的空氣。
試回答下列問題:
⑴過程I加入鐵屑的主要作用是 ▲ ;試寫出其對應的化學方程式: ▲ ;
⑵從固體中分離出銅需采用的方法是 ▲ ;
⑶濾液中溶質主要為 ▲ (寫出化學式);已知過程II生成的最終產物為Fe(OH)3,則Fe(OH)2與氧氣和水反應的化學方程式為: ▲ 。
23.(12分)運用分類法進行學習和研究,能夠收到事半功倍的效果。李聰同學對A~R等18種物進行分類并列出下表。請你依表填空:
列號 ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥
物質的化學式 A.O2B.CC.Fe D.HClE.H2SO4F.CH3COOH G.H2OH.CO2I.CO J.NH3·H2OK.×××L.××× M.C3H7NO2N.(C6H10O5)nO.××× P.NaClQ.(NH4)2SO4R.KNO3
⑴第①列中的C在A中燃燒時的主要現象是: ▲ ,實驗室催化分解液體藥品制取A的化學反應方程式是 ▲ ;
⑵第②列中的 ▲ (填“D”或“E”或“F”)還能列入第⑤列中,它的水溶液能使紫色石蕊溶液變紅,原因是其溶液中含有 ▲ (填寫微粒的符號);
⑶第③列中的G和H都是綠色植物光合作用的原料,綠色植物的光合作用除生成氧氣外,還能生成第⑤列中的 ▲ (填“M”或“N”);此列中I是高爐煉鐵的還原劑,其與氧化鐵發生的化學反應方程式為 ▲ ;
⑷第④列中的K和L的俗名之一分別是消石灰和苛性鈉,它們和J都屬于 ▲ (填“酸”或“堿”或“鹽”)類物質,其中K溶液能與第②列中D溶液發生復分解反應,從微觀角度分析,此反應的本質是 ▲ ;L置于空氣會變質,為證明其已經部分變質,小純設計的實驗案如下:
取L的樣品于試管中,加入適量蒸餾水制成溶液,先向其中加入足量的CaCl2溶液,靜置,再向上層溶液中滴加酚酞溶液,觀察并記錄實驗現象。
此實驗方案中,“足量的CaCl2溶液”所起的作用是 ▲ ;
⑸第⑤列中的O是實驗室常用液體燃料,其完全燃燒的化學方程式為 ▲ ;
⑹第⑥列中的Q和R均可用作化肥。Q溶液能與氯化鋇溶液發生反應,其符合復分解反應發生的條件是 ▲ ;R這樣的化肥叫做 ▲ (填“氮肥”或“磷肥”或“鉀肥”或“復合肥料”)。
24.(10分)珍珠粉以其良好的養顏等功效,獲得消費者喜愛。資料顯示:珍珠中含碳酸鈣80—93%、蛋白質4—14%、水份2—4%、十幾種氨基酸、28種微量元素。然而一些不法分子用回收的貝殼加上工業用氫氧化鈉配制的藥水進行清洗、晾曬以后直接加工銷售,其主要成分是:碳酸鈣,及少量殘留氫氧化鈉。以下是某化學興趣小組設計辨別真假珍珠,并測定珍珠中碳酸鈣含量的實驗探究方案。
【探究一】辨別市售珍珠真與假。
將其分別溶于水,充分攪拌、靜置,測定上層清液的pH;若pH ▲ 7(填“>”或“<”或“=”)為假珍珠,理由是 ▲ 。
【探究二】測定珍珠中碳酸鈣含量。
小王用圖1所示裝置測定該珍珠粉中碳酸鈣的含量。實驗方案如下:
⑴檢查裝置氣密性:按圖1連接裝好置后,將注射器活塞(不考慮
活塞的摩擦和自重,下同)從刻度1mL處向上拉至刻度20mL處,
▲ (填操作和現象),則氣密性良好;
⑵在圖1異型裝置左管內裝入1.1g 上述珍珠粉樣品,右管內倒入一定量的稀鹽酸,注射器(規格為250mL)活塞推到底部,再次連接裝置;
⑶設法使左右兩管內的藥品混合,反應結束后讀取注射器讀數為220mL;
⑷數據處理:計算得該珍珠粉中碳酸鈣的質量分數為 ▲ 。[ρ〔CO2〕=2g/L,結果保留小數點后1位]
【實驗思考】
⑴此實驗中的反應原理是 ▲ (用化學方程式表示);
⑵考慮注射器因素,該實驗方案對珍珠粉的用量多少是否必須作要求? ▲ ;
⑶【探究二】中的第⑶步,混合兩種藥品的方法是 ▲ ;
⑷該實驗裝置設計上的優點在于 ▲ (寫出1點即可)。
25.(4分)普通食鹽的主要成份是NaCl和雜質,假設雜質不溶于水、受熱不分解、與AgNO3不反應。王華同學測定普通食鹽樣品中氯化鈉的質量分數時所進行的實驗操作流程和實驗數據如下圖所示。
(實驗中發生的化學反應方程式為:AgNO3 + NaCl = AgCl↓+ NaNO3)
請你完成空格和計算:
⑴王華進行操作1的目的是 ▲ _;
⑵求算樣品中氯化鈉的質量分數。(結果保留小數點后1位)
21.⑴ _______________ , ______________________;
⑵ _________________________________;
⑶ ________________________________________________;
⑷ ___________ ; _____________ , ___________。
22.⑴ _______________ , _________________________________________________;
⑵ _________________________________;
⑶ _______________ ; _________________________________________________;
23.⑴ ______________________________________ ;______________________________;
⑵ ______________ , _______________;
⑶ __________________;___________________________________________________;
⑷ ________ ,___________________________ ; ______________________________;
⑸ ________________________________________________;
⑹ _______________ , ________________________________________________。
24.【探究一】辨別市售珍珠真與假。
_____________ , _______________________________________________________;
【探究二】測定珍珠中碳酸鈣含量。
⑴__________________________________________________,⑷ ________。
【實驗反思】
⑴ ___________________________________________;
⑵ ____________________________________________________________________;
⑶ ____________________________________________________________________;
⑷ ____________________________________________________________________。
25.⑴ __________________;

參考答案與評分標準
11-20題每題2分,共20分
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
B A D C A C C B B D
21.(7分)⑴ S2- (1分) Na2SO4(1分)⑵ 它們原子核外的最外層電子數相同(1分)
⑶CaO + H2O= Ca(OH)2 (1分) ⑷ 微量(1分) 五(或5)(1分) +5 (1分)
22.(7分)⑴回收銅(1分) Fe+CuCl2=FeCl2+Cu(1分)⑵加鹽酸反應后過濾(2分)
⑶FeCl2(1分)4Fe(OH)2+O2+2H2O=4Fe(OH)3(2分)
23.(12分)⑴劇烈燃燒,火星四射,生成黑色固體(1分)2H2O2 2H2O+O2↑(1分)
⑵F(1分)H+(1分)⑶N(1分) 3CO + Fe2O3 2Fe + 3CO2(1分)
⑷堿(1分)氫氧根離子(OH-)與氫離子(H+)結合生成水分子(H2O)或OH-+H+=H2O(1分)檢驗并完全除盡樣品溶液中的碳酸鈉(1分)
⑸C2H5OH +3O22CO2 +3H2O(1分)
⑹相互交換成分時,生成物中有沉淀(或生成物中有沉淀)(1分)復合肥料(1分)
24.(10分)【探究一】> (1分) 假珍珠中殘留氫氧化鈉使得溶液呈堿性(1分)
【探究二】⑴松開注射器活塞,活塞重新回到1mL刻度處(2分)⑷ 90.9%(2分)
【實驗反思】⑴CaCO3 + 2HCl = CaCl2 + H2O + CO2↑(1分)
⑵需要。若珍珠粉用量太大,生成CO2氣體的體積超過注射器容量限制,則無法測量。(1分)
⑶將異型裝置向左傾斜,使稀鹽酸流入左邊管內。(1分)
⑷方便操作和測量氣體的體積(或防止酸與珍珠粉混合時出現沖塞現象等)(1分)
25.(4分)⑴干燥沉淀2(1分)
⑵解:AgNO3      +   NaCl  = AgCl↓ + NaNO3
 170       58.5
   200g×17.0%=34.0g   m(NaCl) (1分)
171/58.5=34.0g/m(NaCl) ,解之得:m(NaCl)=11.7g(1分)
樣品中:ω(NaCl)=11.7g/12g×100%=97.5%(1分)
   答:樣品中氯化鈉的質量分數為97.5%。
注:本試卷中合理答案均給分
0g
1
2
3
4
第7題
第8題
第10題
第27題
第28題

R/kΩ

R1
R2
a
b
第29題
第30題
第31題
出水口
水槽
220V
S
R1 R2
進水口
出水口
水槽
220V
S
R1
進水口
R2
甲 乙
第33題
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0
1
2
3
A
- 0.6 3
第34題
-
0.6

A
3
3

V
15
電池組
+
第35題
第35題
蛟龍號示意圖
t/h
U/V
0
1.75
1.6
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
a
圖1
250mL
注射器
洗滌
操作1
溶液2
沉淀2
過濾
靜置
濁液
加入足量水
樣品
12g
滴入17.0%的AgNO3溶液至200g時,沉淀恰好不再產生
溶液1+沉淀1
沉淀2
29g

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