資源簡介 2013年安慶市高三模擬考試(三模)數(shù)學(xué)試題(文科)命題:安慶市高考命題研究課題組第Ⅰ卷(選擇題 共50分)一、選擇題(本大題共10小題,每小題5分,共50分.在每小題給出的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,只有一項(xiàng)是符合題目要求的).1. 設(shè)是虛數(shù)單位,若復(fù)數(shù)為實(shí)數(shù),則實(shí)數(shù)的值為 A.B.C.D. 2.若集合, 則等于 A.B. C.D. 3. 在正項(xiàng)等比數(shù)列中,,則的值是 A.10000 B. 1000C. 100 D. 104. 下列命題中,為真命題的是A.B.C.D.5. 如圖是不銹鋼保溫飯盒的三視圖,根據(jù)圖中數(shù)據(jù)(單位:cm), 則該飯盒的表面積為A. B. C. D. 6. 某籃球隊(duì)甲、乙兩名運(yùn)動(dòng)員練習(xí)罰球,每人練習(xí)10輪每輪罰球30個(gè).命中個(gè)數(shù)的莖葉圖如下.若10輪中甲、乙的平均水平相同,則乙的莖葉圖中的值是甲 乙 432101013489432102011xA.C. B.D. 07. 如果運(yùn)行右面的程序框圖,那么輸出的結(jié)果是A. C. B. D. 8. 函數(shù)的圖像的大致形狀是9. 三次函數(shù)在區(qū)間上是減函數(shù),那么的取值范圍是 A.B. C.D.10. 設(shè)雙曲線的離心率為是右焦點(diǎn).若為雙曲線上關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對稱的兩點(diǎn),且,則直線的斜率是A.B.C.D.二、填空題(本題共5小題, 每小題5分,共25分。)11. 若是函數(shù)的兩個(gè)零點(diǎn),且,則的最小值是 .12. 若直線和直線平行,則實(shí)數(shù)的值為 .13. 已知函數(shù)的圖像在點(diǎn)處的切線斜率為,則的值是 .14. 在所在的平面上有一點(diǎn),滿足若的面積為 則的面積為 15. 如圖,在正四棱柱ABCD—A1B1C1D1中,E、F、G、H分別是CC1、C1D1、D1D、DC的中點(diǎn),N是BC的中點(diǎn),點(diǎn)M在四邊形EFGH上或其內(nèi)部運(yùn)動(dòng),且使對于下列命題:①點(diǎn)M可以與點(diǎn)H重合;②點(diǎn)M可以與點(diǎn)F重合;③點(diǎn)M可以在線段FH上;④點(diǎn)M可以與點(diǎn)E重合.其中正確命題的序號是 (把你認(rèn)為正確命題的序號都填上).三、解答題(本大題共6小題,共75分,解答時(shí)應(yīng)寫出必要的文字說明、證明過程或演算步驟。)16.(本題滿分12分)已知函數(shù)(Ⅰ)求的最小正周期和對稱中心;(Ⅱ)若將的圖像向左平移個(gè)單位后所得到的圖像關(guān)于軸對稱,求實(shí)數(shù)的最小值.17.(本題滿分12分)有甲乙兩個(gè)班級進(jìn)行數(shù)學(xué)考試,按照大于等于85分為優(yōu)秀,85分以下為非優(yōu)秀統(tǒng)計(jì)成績后,得到如下的列聯(lián)表:優(yōu)秀非優(yōu)秀總計(jì)甲班10乙班30合計(jì)105已知在全部的105人中隨機(jī)抽取1人為優(yōu)秀的概率為。(Ⅰ)請完成上面的列聯(lián)表;(Ⅱ)從105名學(xué)生中選出10名學(xué)生組成參觀團(tuán),若采用下面的方法選取:用簡單隨機(jī)抽樣從105人中剔除5人,剩下的100人再按系統(tǒng)抽樣的方法抽取10人,請寫出在105人中,每人入選的概率(不必寫過程);(Ⅲ)把甲班優(yōu)秀的10名學(xué)生從2到11進(jìn)行編號,先后兩次拋擲一枚均勻的骰子,出現(xiàn)的點(diǎn)數(shù)之和為被抽取人的序號,試求抽到6號或10號的概率.18.(本題滿分12分)設(shè)函數(shù),其中為實(shí)常數(shù).(Ⅰ)當(dāng)時(shí),求函數(shù)的單調(diào)區(qū)間;(Ⅱ)討論在定義域上的極值.19.(本題滿分13分)如圖,多面體ABCDEF中,四邊形ABCD是邊長為的正方形,平面ADEF垂直于平面ABCD,且FAAD,EF∥AD,EF=AF=.(Ⅰ)求證:BDCF;(Ⅱ)若P、Q分別為棱BF和DE的中點(diǎn),求證:PQ∥平面ABCD;(Ⅲ)求多面體ABCDEF的體積.20.(本題滿分13分)已知數(shù)列中,若數(shù)列滿足bn=.(Ⅰ)證明:數(shù)列是等差數(shù)列,并寫出的通項(xiàng)公式;(Ⅱ)求數(shù)列的通項(xiàng)公式及數(shù)列中的最大項(xiàng)與最小項(xiàng).21.(本題滿分13分)已知定圓:的圓心為,動(dòng)圓過點(diǎn),且和圓相切,動(dòng)圓的圓心的軌跡記為.(Ⅰ)求曲線的方程;(Ⅱ)若點(diǎn)為曲線上一點(diǎn),試探究直線:與曲線是否存在交點(diǎn)? 若存在,求出交點(diǎn)坐標(biāo);若不存在,請說明理由.2013年安慶市高三模擬考試(三模)數(shù)學(xué)試題(理科)一、選擇題(每小題5分,共50分)1. 已知是虛數(shù)單位,則 ( )A. 8 B. C. D. -82. 將函數(shù)的圖像向左平移個(gè)單位,得到的圖像,則的解析式為 ( )A. B. C. D. 3. 在正項(xiàng)等比數(shù)列中, ,則的值是 ( )A. 10000 B. 1000 C. 100 D. 104.設(shè)x、y、z是空間的不同直線或不同平面,下列條件中能保證“若x⊥z,且y⊥z,則x∥y”為真命題的是 ( )A. x為直線,y、z為平面 B. x、y、z為平面 C. x、y為直線,z為平面 D. x、y、z為直線5.設(shè),,則“”是“”的 ( )A. 必要不充分條件 B. 充分不必要條件 C. 必要條件 D. 既不充分也不必要條件6.已知直線l的參數(shù)方程為:(t為參數(shù)),圓C的極坐標(biāo)方程為,那么,直線l與圓C的位置關(guān)系是 ( )A. 直線l平分圓C B. 相離 C. 相切 D. 相交7.已知點(diǎn)F1、F2是雙曲線的左右焦點(diǎn),點(diǎn)P是雙曲線上的一點(diǎn),且,則面積為 ( )A. ab B. ab C. b2 D. a28.對于三次函數(shù),給出定義:設(shè)是函數(shù)的導(dǎo)數(shù),是函數(shù)的導(dǎo)數(shù),若方程=0有實(shí)數(shù)解x0,則稱點(diǎn)(x0,f(x0))為函數(shù)的“拐點(diǎn)”。某同學(xué)經(jīng)過探究發(fā)現(xiàn):任何一個(gè)一元三次函數(shù)都有“拐點(diǎn)”;且該“拐點(diǎn)”也為該函數(shù)的對稱中心。若,則=( )A. 1 B. 2 C. 2013 D. 20149. 閱讀下列程序框圖,運(yùn)行相應(yīng)程序,則輸出的S值為 ( )A. B. C. D. 10.已知函數(shù),若的值域?yàn)镽,則(a+2)2+(b-1)2的取值范圍是( )A. (2,+∞) B. [2,+∞) C. [4,+∞) D.(4,+∞)二、填空題:(本題共5小題, 每小題5分,共25分。)11. 拋物線的焦點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)是____________12. 某班主任對全班30名男生進(jìn)行了作業(yè)量多少的調(diào)查,數(shù)據(jù)如下表:認(rèn)為作業(yè)多認(rèn)為作業(yè)不多總數(shù)喜歡玩電腦游戲12820不喜歡玩電腦游戲2810總數(shù)141630該班主任據(jù)此推斷男生喜歡玩電腦游戲與認(rèn)為作業(yè)量的多少有關(guān),這種推斷犯錯(cuò)誤的概率不超過____________13. “公差為d的等差數(shù)列{an}的前n項(xiàng)和為Sn,則數(shù)列是公差為的等差數(shù)列”。類比上述性質(zhì)有:“公比為q的正項(xiàng)等比數(shù)列{bn}的前n項(xiàng)積為Tn,則數(shù)列____________”。14. 從0,1,2,3,4,5這6個(gè)數(shù)字中任意取4個(gè)數(shù)字組成一個(gè)沒有重復(fù)數(shù)字的四位數(shù),這個(gè)數(shù)能被3整除的概率為____________15. 在三角形ABC中,若角A、B、C所對的三邊a、b、c成等差數(shù)列,則下列結(jié)論中正確的是____________。①b2≥ac; ②; ③; ④;三、解答題:本大題共6小題,共75分,解答時(shí)應(yīng)寫出必要的文字說明、證明過程或演算步驟。16.(本小題滿分12分)如圖,傾斜角為的直線OP與單位圓在第一象限的部分交于點(diǎn)P,單位圓與坐標(biāo)軸交于點(diǎn)A(-1,0),點(diǎn)B(0,-1),PA與y軸交于點(diǎn)N,PB與x軸交于點(diǎn)M,設(shè)(1)用角表示點(diǎn)M、點(diǎn)N的坐標(biāo);(2)求x+y的最小值。 17.(本小題滿分12分) 選聘高校畢業(yè)生到村任職,是黨中央作出的一項(xiàng)重大決策,這對培養(yǎng)社會(huì)主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)帶頭人、引導(dǎo)高校畢業(yè)生面向基層就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè),具有重大意義。為了響應(yīng)國家號召,某大學(xué)決定從符合條件的6名(其中男生4人,女生2人)報(bào)名大學(xué)生中選擇3人,到某村參加村委會(huì)主任應(yīng)聘考核。(Ⅰ)設(shè)所選3人中女生人數(shù)為,求的分布列及數(shù)學(xué)期望;(Ⅱ)在男生甲被選中的情況下,求女生乙也被選中的概率。18.(本小題滿分12分)如圖,三棱柱ABC—A1B1C1的側(cè)棱與底面ABC垂直,底面ABC是等腰直角三角形,∠ACB=90°,側(cè)棱AA1=2,D、E分別是CC1與A1B的中點(diǎn),點(diǎn)E在平面ABD上的射影是△ABD的垂心G(1)求證:AD⊥A1B;(2)求A1B與平面ABD所成角的大小。19.(本小題滿分13分)已知函數(shù)的圖像都過點(diǎn)P(2,0),且它們在點(diǎn)P處有公共切線.(1)求函數(shù)和的表達(dá)式及在點(diǎn)P處的公切線方程;(2)設(shè)的單調(diào)區(qū)間。20.(本小題滿分13分)已知焦點(diǎn)在x軸上的橢圓C1:的離心率互為倒數(shù),它們在第一象限交點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)為,設(shè)直線(其中k,m為整數(shù)).(1)試求橢圓C1和雙曲線C2 的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程;(2)若直線l與橢圓C1交于不同兩點(diǎn)A、B,與雙曲線C2交于不同兩點(diǎn)C、D,問是否存在直線l,使得向量,若存在,指出這樣的直線有多少條?若不存在,請說明理由。21.(本小題滿分13分)已知數(shù)列滿足,且a1=a,(1)當(dāng)時(shí),求出數(shù)列的所有項(xiàng);(2)當(dāng)a=1時(shí),設(shè)(3)設(shè)(2)中的數(shù)列的前n項(xiàng)和為Sn,證明: 2013年安慶市高三模擬考試(三模)數(shù)學(xué)試題(理科)參考答案及評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一、選擇題題號12345678910選項(xiàng)BACCDDCCAC1.解析:∵,故選B。2.解析: ,故選A。3.解析:,∴,故選C。4.解析:當(dāng)為直線,、為平面時(shí), 可能在平面;故A錯(cuò); 當(dāng) 、、為平面時(shí),,可能相交;當(dāng) 、為直線,為平面時(shí),∥ 當(dāng)、、為直線時(shí),,可能相交也可能異面;故選C。5.解析:由,,故選D。6.解析:為參數(shù)),,,∴圓心到直線的距離為故選D。7.解析:∵,∴,不妨設(shè)點(diǎn)P在右支上,∴,∴,故選C。8.解析:由,∴,∴的對稱中心為,∴,∴,故選C 9.解析:,故選A。10.解析:∵ 的值域?yàn)镽,∴或或畫出可行域如右圖所示,由的幾何意義知:,故選C。二、填空題:(本題共5小題, 每小題5分,共25分。)11. ; 12.0.050;13. 是公比為的等比數(shù)列;14. ;15. ①③④11.解析:,∴焦點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)為12.解析: ,∴錯(cuò)誤的概率不超過.0.050。13.解析:∵,∴是公比為的等比數(shù)列。14.解析:從0,1,2,3,4,5這6個(gè)數(shù)字中任意取4個(gè)數(shù)字組成沒有重復(fù)數(shù)字的四位數(shù),共有(個(gè)),∵0+1+2+3+4+5=15,∴這個(gè)四位數(shù)能被3整除只能由數(shù)字:1,2,4,5; 0,3,4,5;0,2,3,4;0,1,3,5;0,1,2,3組成,所以能被3整除的有:∴這個(gè)數(shù)能被3整除的概率為.15.解析:由a、b、c成等差數(shù)列,則,故①正確;∴,∴②不正確;∴,∴③正確;由正弦定理得:又由余弦定理得:,∴,∴,∴成立,故①③④正確。 三、解答題:本大題共6小題,共75分,解答時(shí)應(yīng)寫出必要的文字說明、證明過程或演算步驟。16.解析:(1)設(shè),、、共線,設(shè), …①又,所以,,代入①,解得,∴,同理. …………(4分)(2)由(1)知, ,, …………(6分)代入,得: , 整理得:…②,…③。②+③,解得:,…………(10分)由點(diǎn)在第一象限得,所以的最小值為. …………(12分)17.解(Ⅰ):的所有可能取值為0,1,2.……(1分)依題意得:,, . ……(4分)∴的分布列為012∴ . ……(6分)(Ⅱ):設(shè)“男生甲被選中”為事件,“女生乙被選中”為事件,則, ……(8分), ……(10分)∴.故在男生甲被選中的情況下,女生乙也被選中的概率為. ……(12分)18.解析:(Ⅰ)∵點(diǎn)E在平面ABD上的射影是△ABD的垂心G。連結(jié)BG,則BGAD,又,∴EGAD∴,∴即。 ……(5分)(Ⅱ)以C點(diǎn)為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn),分別以射線CA為x軸、CB為y軸、CC1為z軸建立空間直角坐標(biāo)系。設(shè)點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)為A(,0,0),則點(diǎn)B(0,,0),A1(,0,2),D(0,0,1)。……(6分)由(Ⅰ)知,又,.由。……(8分)∴,,,.,,設(shè)平面求ABD的一 個(gè)法向量,∴,取……(10分)故,所以A1B與平面ABD所成角的為 。 ……(12分)19.解析:(1)∵過點(diǎn)∴,, ……(2分)∵,∴切線的斜率.∵……(1)又∵的圖像過點(diǎn)……(2)聯(lián)立(1)(2)解得: ……(4分)∴;切線方程為,即∴,;切線為: ……(6分)(2)∵,∴ ……(9分) ①當(dāng)m<0時(shí),, ∵m<0,∴。又x>1,∴當(dāng)時(shí), ;當(dāng)時(shí),。∴F(x)的單調(diào)減區(qū)間是 單調(diào)增區(qū)間是(1,); ……(11分)②當(dāng)m0時(shí),顯然F(x)沒有單調(diào)減區(qū)間,單調(diào)增區(qū)間是(1,)。 ……(13分)20.解析:(1)將點(diǎn)代入解得:∴橢圓為: , ……(2分)橢圓C的離心率為∴雙曲線的離心率為, ……(3分)∴ ,∴雙曲線為: ……(6分)(2)由消去化簡整理得:設(shè),,則 ① ……(8分)由消去化簡整理得:設(shè),,則 ② ……(10分)因?yàn)椋?br/>由得:.所以或.由上式解得或.當(dāng)時(shí),由①和②得.因是整數(shù),所以的值為,,,,,,.當(dāng),由①和②得.因是整數(shù),所以,,.于是滿足條件的直線共有9條. ……(13分)21.(1)證明:∵ ,,∴ ,,由于當(dāng)時(shí),使遞推式右邊的分母為零。∴數(shù)列只有三項(xiàng):,,. ……(3分)(2),易知:,又,∴ ……(5分)由,即 ……(8分)(3)由(2)知: ,∴∵,∴ ……(11分),∴ ……(13分)2013年安慶市高三模擬考試(三模)理科綜合試題本試卷分第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分,一律在答題卡上作答。滿分300分,考試用時(shí)150分鐘。考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第Ⅰ卷 (選擇題 共120分)本卷共20小題,每小題6分,共120分。在每小題給出的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,只有一項(xiàng)符合題目要求的。1.下列關(guān)于液泡的敘述,錯(cuò)誤的是A.多個(gè)小液泡融合成大液泡,說明生物膜具有一定的流動(dòng)性B.液泡中儲(chǔ)存的有機(jī)物,來源于同一細(xì)胞內(nèi)葉綠體的光合作用C.植物細(xì)胞失水狀態(tài)下,液泡滲透壓小于細(xì)胞質(zhì)基質(zhì)滲透壓D.牽牛花一天中顏色變化,與液泡內(nèi)pH值規(guī)律性變化有關(guān)2.下圖圖甲為細(xì)胞周期示意圖,其中①、②、③代表間期連續(xù)的三個(gè)時(shí)期,④代表分裂期;G0期細(xì)胞表示分裂結(jié)束后細(xì)胞的去路之一,即細(xì)胞暫時(shí)不分裂,但在一定條件下可恢復(fù)分裂能力。下圖圖乙為細(xì)胞分裂過程中每條染色體上DNA變化規(guī)律曲線。下列敘述正確的是A.完整減數(shù)分裂周期可用 ①→②→③→④ 表示B.圖甲中的③和④時(shí)期,相當(dāng)于圖乙中bcd時(shí)段C.許多細(xì)胞在細(xì)胞分化的過程中會(huì)發(fā)生基因突變D.體液免疫中的記憶細(xì)胞屬于圖甲中G0期細(xì)胞3.下列是人類探索遺傳奧秘的幾個(gè)經(jīng)典實(shí)驗(yàn),其中表述合理的是A.孟德爾通過豌豆雜交實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)了基因,摩爾根用實(shí)驗(yàn)證明了基因在染色體上B.格里菲思用肺炎雙球菌感染小鼠的實(shí)驗(yàn),證明了DNA是轉(zhuǎn)化因子C.沃森和克里克發(fā)現(xiàn)了DNA雙螺旋結(jié)構(gòu),提出了DNA半保留復(fù)制方式的假說D.許多科學(xué)家相繼研究,將逆轉(zhuǎn)錄和RNA復(fù)制納入細(xì)胞生物的中心法則范疇4.下列關(guān)于育種、進(jìn)化與生物多樣性形成的敘述,錯(cuò)誤的是 A.袁隆平雜交水稻的推廣和普及,提高了水稻物種的遺傳多樣性B.四倍體西瓜與二倍體西瓜屬于兩個(gè)不同的物種C.植物體細(xì)胞雜交克服了遠(yuǎn)緣雜交不親和性的障礙,體現(xiàn)了細(xì)胞的全能性D.與自然選擇相比,人工選擇可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致作物品種原來進(jìn)化方向發(fā)生改變 5.下圖是血糖調(diào)節(jié)圖解式模型,下列敘述正確的是 A.曲線ab段與曲線ef段血糖濃度上升的原因相同B.曲線bc段與曲線de段血液中胰島素變化趨勢相同C.fg段血糖維持相對穩(wěn)定是神經(jīng)調(diào)節(jié)、激素調(diào)節(jié)共同作用的結(jié)果D.當(dāng)血糖偏低時(shí),胰高血糖素可促進(jìn)肝糖原和肌糖原的水解6.下列有關(guān)碳循環(huán)的敘述中,錯(cuò)誤的是A.冬季北方人呼吸產(chǎn)生的CO2,能供給南方植物光合作用B.大力開發(fā)和使用清潔能源,能減少CO2的釋放量C.碳元素和能量都能從植物傳遞給各種動(dòng)物D.倡導(dǎo)低碳生活方式的主要方法是提高人均綠地面積7.硼烷是一種潛在的高能燃料,工業(yè)制取可用反應(yīng):B2O3+2Al+3H2 Al2O3+B2H6,下列有關(guān)說法正確的是A.該反應(yīng)中氫氣做還原劑,鋁做氧化劑C.B2H6中存在極性鍵、非極性鍵、離子鍵B.在空氣中Al2O3比B2H6更穩(wěn)定D.每生成1mol B2H6要消耗2mol AlCl38.向某溶液中緩緩?fù)ㄈ隒l2至過量,此過程中一直未觀察到有沉淀生成,該溶液中可能大量共存的粒子組是A.Ag+、NO3-、Cu2+、Na+C.CO32-、SO42-、K+ 、Na+ B. SO2、Ba2+ 、Cl-、K+D.AlO2-、Br-、Na+、NO3-9.Ni(CO)4可用于有機(jī)合成,也常用作催化劑。一定條件下,一定容積的密閉容器中,發(fā)生反應(yīng):Ni(s)+4CO(g) Ni(CO)4(g),已知該反應(yīng)平衡常數(shù)與溫度的關(guān)系如下表:溫度℃2580230平衡常數(shù)5×10421.9×10-5下列說法正確的是 A.溫度越低,越有利于Ni(CO)4的生產(chǎn)B.平衡時(shí)向密閉容器中加入少量鎳粉,平衡向正反應(yīng)方向移動(dòng),新平衡時(shí)CO濃度比原平衡小 C.在80℃時(shí),測得某時(shí)刻,Ni(CO)4、CO濃度均為0.5mol/L,則此時(shí)v(正)<v(逆)D.25℃達(dá)到平衡時(shí),向容器中繼續(xù)通入CO,Ni粉轉(zhuǎn)化率增大,CO轉(zhuǎn)化率減小。10.下列裝置不能達(dá)到實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康牡氖?br/> A.向容量瓶中轉(zhuǎn)移液體 B.吸收NH3 C.制取金屬釩 D.除去氯氣中的氯化氫11.葡萄糖氧化是人體獲得能量的途徑之一。某同學(xué)利用葡萄糖的氧 化反應(yīng)原理,設(shè)計(jì)了如圖所示的裝置。下列說法正確的是A.若形成原電池時(shí),B極是負(fù)極B.加入H2SO4,溶液中H+向A極移動(dòng)C.加入NaOH,A的電極反應(yīng)式為C6H12O6-24e-+36OH-=6CO32-+24H2OD.不再添加任何試劑,該裝置即能獲得電流12.常溫下,向100 mL0. 1 mol·L-1H2A(二元酸)溶液中逐滴加入0.2mol·L-1NaOH溶液,圖中所示曲線表示混合溶液的pH變化情況(體積變化忽略不計(jì))。下列有關(guān)說法正確的是A.H2A為二元強(qiáng)酸B.N點(diǎn)對應(yīng)溶液有:c(Na+)=c(A2-)+c(HA-)C.K點(diǎn)對應(yīng)溶液中離子濃度由大到小的順序?yàn)? c(A2-)>c(Na+)>c(OH-)>c(H+)D. K點(diǎn)時(shí)加水稀釋溶液, c(H+)增大13.金屬鈦素有“未來金屬”美譽(yù),在地殼主要以TiO2的形式存在。鈦制取較難,工業(yè)上采用金屬鈉熱還原四氯化鈦方法煉制。有關(guān)物質(zhì)的熔沸點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)見下表:NaTiTiO2TiCl4NaCl熔點(diǎn)/℃97.816681850-25801沸點(diǎn)/℃882.932603000136.41442 下列說法不正確的是A.根據(jù)信息推測鈦是一種活潑金屬,TiCl4屬于分子晶體B.金屬鈦耐腐蝕性強(qiáng),其原因可能是表面形成了致密的氧化膜C.冶煉Ti的化學(xué)方程式為: 4Na+TiCl4Ti+4NaClD.TiCl4因?yàn)橐讚]發(fā)所以在潮濕的空氣中產(chǎn)生白霧14.下列有關(guān)光現(xiàn)象的說法正確的是A. 在平靜的湖面上能看到岸邊樹的清晰倒影,是發(fā)生了光的全反射現(xiàn)象的緣故B. 玻璃中的氣泡看起來特別明亮,是發(fā)生了光的干涉現(xiàn)象的緣故C. 水中的魚看起來比實(shí)際位置要淺,是發(fā)生了光的折射現(xiàn)象的緣故D. 障礙物的尺寸比光的波長大得多時(shí),不會(huì)發(fā)生衍射現(xiàn)象15.把一小球從地面以初速度v0豎直向上拋出,已知運(yùn)動(dòng)過程中小球所受的空氣阻力與速率的平方成正比,則從拋出到落地過程中,小球運(yùn)動(dòng)的v-t圖最接近下圖中的16. 一平行板電容器的電容為C,充電結(jié)束兩極板間的電壓為U,運(yùn)用你所學(xué)的知識,判斷下列哪一個(gè)可能是電容器充電完畢后所儲(chǔ)存的電能的表達(dá)式A. B. C. D. 17. 如圖所示為一列簡諧橫波在某一時(shí)刻的波形圖,波形圖上P點(diǎn)從此時(shí)刻開始計(jì)時(shí)的振動(dòng)方程為,下列說法正確的是A. 該波的波速為5m/sB.該波沿X軸正方向傳播C.質(zhì)點(diǎn)P在此時(shí)刻以后的0.6s內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)的路程為6mD. 質(zhì)點(diǎn)P在此時(shí)刻以后0.3s達(dá)正向位移最大處18.如圖所示,兩根等長且不可伸長的細(xì)線結(jié)于O點(diǎn),A端固定在水平桿上,B端系在輕質(zhì)圓環(huán)(不計(jì)重力)上,圓環(huán)套在豎直光滑桿上,C端掛一重物,重物質(zhì)量為m。開始時(shí)用手握住輕圓環(huán),使其緊靠D端,且AD=OA,當(dāng)重物靜止時(shí)如圖所示。現(xiàn)釋放圓環(huán),圓環(huán)在豎直光滑桿上自由滑動(dòng),當(dāng)重物再次靜止時(shí)OA繩拉力為FA,OB繩拉力為FB,則A.FAC.FA=mg;FB =mg?B.FA=mg;FB=0D.FA>mg;?FB=mg19.在光滑水平面上有質(zhì)量均為2 kg的a、b兩物塊,物塊a在水平恒力Fa=4 N作用下由靜止出發(fā)運(yùn)動(dòng)4 s時(shí)間,物塊b在水平恒力Fb=4N作用下由靜止出發(fā)運(yùn)動(dòng)4 m位移。比較兩物塊所經(jīng)歷的過程,則A.物塊a的位移比物塊b的位移大C.物塊a的末速度比物塊b的末速度小B.物塊a的運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)間比物塊b的運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)間短D.力Fa做的功比力Fb做的功少20.如圖所示,在傾角為θ的光滑斜面上,存在著兩個(gè)勻強(qiáng)磁場,磁場Ⅰ垂直斜面向上、磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度大小為B,磁場Ⅱ垂直斜面向下、磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度大小為2B,磁場的寬度MJ和JG均為L,一個(gè)質(zhì)量為m、電阻為R、邊長也為L的正方形導(dǎo)線框,由靜止開始沿斜面下滑,當(dāng)ab邊剛越過GH進(jìn)入磁場Ⅰ區(qū)域時(shí),線框恰好以速度v1做勻速直線運(yùn)動(dòng);當(dāng)ab邊下滑到JP與MN的中間位置時(shí),線框又恰好以速度v2做勻速直線運(yùn)動(dòng)。從ab邊進(jìn)入磁場Ⅰ至ab邊運(yùn)動(dòng)到JP與MN中間位置的過程中,線框的機(jī)械能減少量為△E,重力對線框做功的絕對值為W1,安培力對線框做功的絕對值為W2,下列說法中正確的是A.B. C. D.第Ⅱ卷 (非選擇題 共180分)21.(18分)Ⅰ.(8分)利用重物自由下落驗(yàn)證機(jī)械能守恒定律的實(shí)驗(yàn)中 (1)下面敘述正確的是______A. 操作時(shí)應(yīng)先接通電源再松開紙帶B. 在點(diǎn)跡清晰的紙帶上,只能從重物下落的起始點(diǎn)開始依次取若干個(gè)連續(xù)的點(diǎn)C. 在點(diǎn)跡清晰的紙帶上,可不從重物下落的起始點(diǎn)開始依次取若干個(gè)連續(xù)的點(diǎn)D. 紙帶上某點(diǎn)的速度可利用公式進(jìn)行計(jì)算(2)實(shí)驗(yàn)室有下列器材可供選用:鐵架臺、電火花打點(diǎn)計(jì)時(shí)器(附固定用的鐵夾)、秒表、電源、導(dǎo)線、天平、刻度尺。其中不必要的器材有 ,缺少的器材有 。Ⅱ.(10分)某同學(xué)利用圖甲所示的電路測量一定值電阻Rx的阻值。所用的器材有:待測電阻Rx:阻值約為50Ω電流表A1:內(nèi)阻r1約為20Ω,量程50mA電流表A2:內(nèi)阻r2約為4Ω,量程300mA電阻箱R :0~999.9Ω滑動(dòng)變阻器R′:0~20Ω電源E,電動(dòng)勢3V,內(nèi)阻很小單刀單擲開關(guān)S1、單刀雙擲開關(guān)S2、導(dǎo)線若干請回答下列問題:(1)在圖乙所示的實(shí)物圖上畫出連線。(2)閉合S1,將S2擲于1,調(diào)節(jié)R′、R至適當(dāng)位置,記下兩表的讀數(shù)I1、I2和電阻箱的阻值R1。為使兩表的示數(shù)均超過量程的一半,R1可取 .(填序號) A. 0.5Ω B. 5.0Ω C. 50.0Ω(3)閉合S1,將S2擲于2,調(diào)節(jié)R′、R至適當(dāng)位置,記下兩表的讀數(shù)I1′、I2′和電阻箱的阻值R2。用測得的物理量表示待測電阻的測量值Rx= .22.(14分)2012年5月7日下午,貫穿臺灣新北市及宜蘭縣的雪山隧道,兩輛大客車發(fā)生追撞,近來年隧道交通事故成為道路交通事故的熱點(diǎn)之一。如圖所示,某日,一轎車A因故恰停在某隧道內(nèi)離隧道入口50m的位置。此時(shí)另一轎車B正以=90km/h的速度勻速向隧道口駛來,轎車B剛到達(dá)隧道口時(shí)駕駛員才發(fā)現(xiàn)停在前方的轎車A并立即采取制動(dòng)措施。假設(shè)該駕駛員反應(yīng)時(shí)間t1=0.57s,轎車制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)響應(yīng)時(shí)間(開始踏下制動(dòng)踏板到實(shí)際制動(dòng))t2=0.03s,轎車制動(dòng)時(shí)加速度大小a=7.5m/s2。求:(1)轎車B是否會(huì)與停在前方的轎車A相撞;(2)若會(huì)相撞,撞前轎車B的速度大小為多少?若不會(huì)相撞,停止前與轎車A的距離是多少。23.(16分) 如圖所示,在xOy坐標(biāo)平面中的三角形ACD區(qū)域內(nèi)有相互垂直的勻強(qiáng)電場和勻強(qiáng)磁場,電場未畫出,磁場方向垂直于xOy平面向里,磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度為B。已知AC=CD=L,∠ACD=90°,且A、C、D均位于坐標(biāo)軸上。一不計(jì)重力、帶正電的粒子從O點(diǎn)沿y軸正方向以某一速度射入,恰好做勻速直線運(yùn)動(dòng),經(jīng)t0時(shí)間從C點(diǎn)射出。求: (1)電場強(qiáng)度的大小和方向; (2)若僅撤去磁場,帶電粒子仍從O點(diǎn)以相同的速度射入,經(jīng)時(shí)間恰從ACD區(qū)域的邊界射出,求粒子的比荷; (3)若僅撤去電場.帶電粒子仍從O點(diǎn)射入,要使粒子恰好不能從AC邊射出,求粒子速度大小及粒子在磁場中運(yùn)動(dòng)的時(shí)間。24.(20分)如圖所示,在水平面上方有水平向右的勻強(qiáng)電場,電場強(qiáng)度為E,一質(zhì)量為M、長為L的均勻帶電橡膠板B放在光滑絕緣的水平面上,在B的右端放置一質(zhì)量為m,可視為質(zhì)點(diǎn)的小物塊A(A與B之間絕緣),由于A和B之間摩擦力的作用而使A、B均處于靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)。已知A帶負(fù)電、B帶正電,它們帶電量均為q,且M=2m。現(xiàn)給A和B以大小相等、方向相反的初速度,使A開始向左運(yùn)動(dòng)、B開紿向右運(yùn)動(dòng),但最后A恰好沒有滑離B板,以地面為參考系。求:(1)若已知A和B初速度大小為V0,求它們最后共同速度的大小和方向;(2)若初速度大小和A與B之間摩擦力的大小均未知,求小物塊A向左運(yùn)動(dòng)到達(dá)最遠(yuǎn)處(從地面看)離出發(fā)點(diǎn)的距離;(3)若已知A、B初速度大小均為V0,而A、B之間摩擦力大小未知,求在(2)問的過程中A、B系統(tǒng)動(dòng)能改變量和電勢能改變量之和。25.(16分) X、Y、Z、W是元素周期表前四周期中常見的元素,原子序數(shù)依次增大,其相關(guān)信息如下表:元素 相關(guān)信息 X由X形成的單質(zhì)是最清潔的能源 YY的基態(tài)原子核外p能級總電子數(shù)比s能級總電子數(shù)少一個(gè) Z由Z形成的多種單質(zhì),其中之一是地球生物的“保護(hù)傘” W基態(tài)原子核外最外層只有2個(gè)電子,W元素在地殼金屬元素中含量位居第二位。(1)W位于元素周期表第_____周期第____族,W的基態(tài)原子核外電子排布式為: ;(2)Y的第一電離能比Z的______(填“大”或者“小”),Y2分子中σ鍵和π鍵之比為:_________,YX3易溶于水的原因是 ;(3)寫出W元素的單質(zhì)與X2Z在高溫條件下反應(yīng)的化學(xué)方程式,并標(biāo)出電子轉(zhuǎn)移的方向與數(shù)目 ;(4)在500℃,30MPa下,將1mol X2與足量的Y2置于密閉容器中充分反應(yīng)生成YX3、X2的轉(zhuǎn)化率為25%時(shí),放出熱量為7.7kJ。寫出該熱化學(xué)反應(yīng)方程式 ______ 。26.(14分)物質(zhì)H俗稱衣康酸,是制備高效粘合劑等多種精細(xì)化學(xué)品的重要原料,可經(jīng)下列反應(yīng)路線得到:回答下列問題:(1)H中含有的官能團(tuán)的名稱是 。反應(yīng)③的反應(yīng)類型是 ;(2)寫出反應(yīng)⑥的化學(xué)方程式 ;(3)C4H8的名稱是(系統(tǒng)命名) ;C4H8Cl2的結(jié)構(gòu)簡式是 ;(4)衣康酸有多種同分異構(gòu)體,其中有一種核磁共振氫譜有5個(gè)峰。寫出其結(jié)構(gòu)簡式 ;(5)下列關(guān)于H的說法正確的是 。 a.能使酸性KMnO4溶液或溴的CCl4溶液褪色 b.能與Na2CO3反應(yīng),但不與HBr反應(yīng) c.能與新制Cu(OH)2反應(yīng) d.1molH完全燃燒消耗5molO227.(15分)某研究小組將一批廢棄的線路板經(jīng)濃硝酸和稀硫酸處理后得到一混合溶液,其中含有Cu2+、Fe2+、Fe3+、Al3+等金屬離子,并設(shè)計(jì)了以下兩種流程以分別制取CuSO4·5H2O晶體和AlCl3溶液: AlCl3溶液已知:相關(guān)金屬離子開始沉淀至完全沉淀時(shí)的pH范圍為:離子Fe3+Fe2+Al3+Cu2+pH范圍2.2~3.25.5~9.04.1~5.05.3~6.6請回答下列問題:(1)加入H2O2的作用是____________________,欲使制取的CuSO4·5H2O晶體較為純凈,pH至少應(yīng)調(diào)至____________;(2)寫出H2O2與Fe2+離子方程式 ;(3)流程②中加入適量Al粉起的作用是 ;(4)根據(jù)你所學(xué)的化學(xué)知識,由AlCl3溶液(不添加其他化學(xué)試劑)能否制得無水AlCl3___________(填:能或不能),原因是 ;(5)取體積為V(L)的酸浸液,向其中滴加a mol·L-1的NaOH溶液,生成沉淀的物質(zhì)的量與所加的NaOH溶液的體積(L)關(guān)系如右圖。請用V1、V2、V3表示所取的酸浸液中n(Fe3+)︰n(Al3+) 。28.(13分)同學(xué)們在做硫化鈉溶液與鹽酸反應(yīng)時(shí),發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)奇怪的現(xiàn)象:在硫化鈉溶液中加入足量的鹽酸時(shí)只有少量的臭雞蛋氣味的氣體產(chǎn)生,但溶液中卻有大量的乳白色的沉淀生成。經(jīng)檢測,乳白色的沉淀物是單質(zhì)硫。為什么硫化鈉溶液與鹽酸反應(yīng)有單質(zhì)硫生成而只有少量的硫化氫生成呢?對此問題同學(xué)們決定作進(jìn)一步的探究:[收集信息]同學(xué)們都已學(xué)過硫化氫不穩(wěn)定,常溫下會(huì)發(fā)生分解生成單質(zhì)硫,也容易被空氣中的氧氣氧化生成單質(zhì)硫;除此之外,同學(xué)們通過查閱資料還知道:(1)硫化鈉能部分被氧化生成少量的亞硫酸鈉,加入酸時(shí)S2—和 SO32—會(huì)反應(yīng)生成硫:2S2— + SO32— +6 H+== 3S↓ + 3H2O。(2)硫化鈉溶液中的S2—容易被空氣中氧氣氧化生成單質(zhì)硫,生成的單質(zhì)硫又與硫化鈉反應(yīng)生成多硫化鈉(Na2Sx): 2Na2S + O2 + 2H2O == 4NaOH + 2S; Na2S + (x-1)S == Na2Sx多硫化鈉較穩(wěn)定,但在酸的作用下生成不穩(wěn)定的多硫化氫,多硫化氫分解生成硫。[提出假設(shè)]根據(jù)以上獲取的信息,同學(xué)們對生成硫的主要原因進(jìn)行了以下猜想:猜想一: ; 猜想二:單質(zhì)硫是酸性條件下S2—和 SO32—反應(yīng)生成的; 猜想三:單質(zhì)硫是酸性條件下多硫化鈉(Na2Sx)生成的。[實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證](一)實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟實(shí)驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象①向裝有硫化亞鐵的試管中加入足量鹽酸; 溶液無渾濁,有大量臭雞蛋氣味的氣體逸出②將生成的硫化氫氣體通入蒸餾水中達(dá)到飽和,取適量飽和溶液于試管中,不斷振蕩后,觀察試管中的變化。 試管中無明顯的渾濁現(xiàn)象由實(shí)驗(yàn)(一)可知以上猜想______錯(cuò)誤。(二)實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟實(shí)驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象將新配制的硫化鈉溶液分成兩等份,分別裝入兩支試管中向一支試管中直接加入鹽酸; 溶液稍顯渾濁,有臭雞蛋氣味的氣體逸出⑴向另一支試管中通入一定量氧氣,觀察溶液變化;⑵再加入鹽酸;⑴溶液沒有明顯變化;⑵溶液明顯渾濁,有少量臭雞蛋氣味的氣體逸出。寫出上表中實(shí)驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象(2)發(fā)生渾濁反應(yīng)的離子反應(yīng)方程式:__________________________;(三)為驗(yàn)證猜想二是否正確,設(shè)計(jì)了如下實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟預(yù)期現(xiàn)象和結(jié)論向一裝有硫化鈉試管中加入足量的 溶液,以除去 ,過濾出少量白色沉淀,再將濾液裝入試管中,加入鹽酸。[拓展應(yīng)用]根據(jù)以上實(shí)驗(yàn),實(shí)驗(yàn)室制取H2S氣體時(shí),不要選用Na2S溶液,應(yīng)選用 等難溶性硫化物和酸反應(yīng)。29.(10分)中國古代茶農(nóng)頗具智慧,能制作出一種介于紅茶和綠茶之間的綠葉紅鑲邊的半發(fā)酵茶——烏龍茶。為了解烏龍茶的制作工藝和原理,某興趣小組上網(wǎng)查找資料得知:①茶樹的葉肉細(xì)胞內(nèi)含有一種叫茶多酚的植物堿,可以在茶多酚氧化酶的催化作用下氧化,氧化的茶多酚使茶葉變紅。 ②烏龍茶的制作工藝:萎凋→做青→炒青→揉捻→干燥。最關(guān)鍵的便是做青階段,將萎凋后的茶葉置于搖青機(jī)中搖動(dòng),葉片互相碰撞,擦傷葉緣細(xì)胞,從而促進(jìn)酶促氧化作用。…… 葉緣細(xì)胞的破壞,發(fā)生輕度氧化,葉片邊緣呈現(xiàn)紅色。葉片中央部分,葉色由暗綠轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)辄S綠,即出現(xiàn)“綠葉紅鑲邊”。 請結(jié)合你所學(xué)生物學(xué)知識,回答下列問題。(1)茶多酚最可能存在于植物細(xì)胞的 中,茶多酚氧化酶最可能存在于 (以上兩空均填細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)),做青過程中邊緣細(xì)胞擦傷,有利于茶多酚與茶多酚氧化酶的充分接觸。(2)在做青時(shí),需將溫度控制在30~40℃范圍內(nèi),其原理是 ,從而使茶葉邊緣部分發(fā)生輕度氧化。(3)在炒青過程中,是迅速將溫度提高到70℃左右,目的是 ,從而保持茶葉中部茶多酚不被氧化;從烏龍茶制作工藝和效果來推測70℃溫度會(huì)導(dǎo)致 (填“全部”或“部分”)葉綠素的破壞。(4)某興趣小組了解到烏龍茶的制作工藝和原理之后,想通過實(shí)驗(yàn)探究茶多酚氧化酶的最適溫度是多少?設(shè)計(jì)了如下實(shí)驗(yàn)方案:①取生長狀況良好的新鮮茶葉120片,隨機(jī)分成 組,每組葉片數(shù)目相同;②預(yù)設(shè)實(shí)驗(yàn)溫度依次為30℃、32℃、34℃、36℃、38℃、40℃;③將各組新鮮茶葉放入預(yù)設(shè)溫度的恒溫箱中,保溫1小時(shí);④觀察并統(tǒng)計(jì)茶葉變成紅色比例。該實(shí)驗(yàn)小組設(shè)置的各個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)組之間互為 實(shí)驗(yàn)。該實(shí)驗(yàn)小組在保溫1小時(shí)后觀察發(fā)現(xiàn),各實(shí)驗(yàn)組茶葉顏色均為綠色,并無差異。經(jīng)討論分析,其實(shí)驗(yàn)失敗的原因可能是:a、 ;b、 。30.(22分)Ⅰ.(10分)下圖表示某實(shí)驗(yàn)小組利用玉米胚芽鞘探究生長素在植物體內(nèi)運(yùn)輸方向的實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)思路。請據(jù)圖回答:(1)實(shí)驗(yàn)一段時(shí)間后,甲→丁四組中的 組空白瓊脂塊能檢測到一定濃度的生長素,這是因?yàn)樯L素在植物體內(nèi)運(yùn)輸?shù)奶攸c(diǎn)是 ,即只能由形態(tài)學(xué)上端運(yùn)輸?shù)叫螒B(tài)學(xué)下端。(2)為證明生長素在植物體內(nèi)的上述運(yùn)輸特點(diǎn),應(yīng)選擇甲→丁四組中 兩組做對照實(shí)驗(yàn)。若選用另外的 兩組做對照,雖然在理論上也可說明生長素的運(yùn)輸特點(diǎn),但與前一組相比,不能排除重力因素對植物體內(nèi)生長素運(yùn)輸?shù)挠绊憽?br/>(3)事實(shí)上,即使實(shí)驗(yàn)中的空白瓊脂塊中含有一定濃度的生長素,但用一般的理化方法也很難檢測出來。可將實(shí)驗(yàn)后的普通瓊脂塊分別放在玉米 的胚芽鞘上,如果胚芽鞘能夠生長,則說明該瓊脂塊中含有一定濃度的生長素。Ⅱ.(12)分析下列材料,回答相關(guān)問題材料一:科學(xué)家在探究有些物種人類想消滅卻消滅不了,而另一些生物想保護(hù)又保護(hù)不了的原因時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn),生物大體上可區(qū)分為兩種不同的生活史對策,即r對策和K對策。r對策生物通常是個(gè)體小、壽命短、生殖力強(qiáng)但存活力低,親代對后代缺乏保護(hù)。K對策生物通常是個(gè)體大、壽命長、生殖力弱但存活率高,親代對后代有很好的保護(hù)。材料二:科學(xué)家還發(fā)現(xiàn),影響種群的數(shù)量的因素很多,但大體分為兩大類:密度制約因素和非密度制約因素。密度制約因素包括食物、生殖力、抑制物分泌以及疾病、寄生物等,非密度制約因素如干旱、大寒、洪災(zāi)等自然災(zāi)難。(1)熊貓和蟾蜍的生活史對策分別為 對策、 對策(2)熊貓有滅絕的危險(xiǎn),可采取的措施有:①保護(hù)其棲息環(huán)境,包括提供充足食物資源,控制其 的數(shù)量,這樣可以增大 ;②建立人工繁育中心,以提高該瀕危動(dòng)物的 和幼崽的 ;③在兩個(gè)種群之間建立綠色通道,便于兩地種群之間進(jìn)行 ,以保護(hù)該瀕危動(dòng)物種群的基因庫。(3)據(jù)材料推測,r對策的生物種群數(shù)量易受 制約因素影響,如蝗蟲大發(fā)生的規(guī)律時(shí)往往是,第一年洪災(zāi),第二年干旱,容易造成蝗蟲大發(fā)生,就是佐證。而k對策的生物種群易受 制約因素影響,如許多哺乳動(dòng)物種群當(dāng)種群密度過大時(shí), 資源匱乏,往往容易爆發(fā)傳染病。(4)如要調(diào)查某草地蒲公英的種群密度,通常采用 法,如要調(diào)查該草地野兔的種群密度,一般采用 法。31. (22分)Ⅰ.(14分)某班級組織全班學(xué)生利用暑假開展某種單基因遺傳病(由基因B-b控制)的調(diào)查活動(dòng),具體調(diào)查結(jié)果見下列表格。請依據(jù)題意回答:家庭類型ⅠⅡⅢⅣ總計(jì)婚配組合□ ×○568□×●4■×○45■×●3620男性子代□403 ■18□0■3□25 ■4□0 ■2455女性子代○425 ● 0○3 ●0○26 ●5○0 ●2461□ ○分別表示健康男女 ■●分別表示患病男女(1)據(jù)圖中調(diào)查結(jié)果分析,可推斷此遺傳病為 性遺傳病,此致病基因位于 染色體上。(2)第Ⅰ組家庭的子代性狀分離比并不是3:1,是因?yàn)槠涓改富蚪M成為 。(3)通過調(diào)查與統(tǒng)計(jì),此類遺傳病的發(fā)病率在男性中發(fā)病率約為 %,在女性中發(fā)病率約為 %。(4)測序結(jié)果表明,此致病基因與正常基因相比,其模板鏈中某段的GCG突變?yōu)镚AG,推測密碼子發(fā)生的變化是 。(5)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),致病基因表達(dá)的蛋白質(zhì)與正常基因表達(dá)的蛋白質(zhì)氨基酸數(shù)目完全相同,但空間結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生改變。進(jìn)一步研究發(fā)現(xiàn),正常基因表達(dá)的蛋白質(zhì)在細(xì)胞內(nèi)能促進(jìn)某種重要化合物的合成。據(jù)此推測,正常基因很可能是通過控制 從而控制人體性狀的。Ⅱ.(8分)2013年4月16日國家衛(wèi)生和計(jì)劃生育委員會(huì)公布,全國共報(bào)告人感染H7N9禽流感確診病例77例,其中16人已死亡,禽流感再度備受關(guān)注。醫(yī)學(xué)界正在致力于研究預(yù)防H7N9禽流感病毒的疫苗和單克隆抗體。由于來源于小鼠體的單克隆抗體,治療效果不很理想。科學(xué)家決定采用基因敲除術(shù)將小鼠的 Ig 基因敲除,代之以人的 Ig 基因,然后用 H7N9 病毒去免疫小鼠,再經(jīng)雜交瘤技術(shù)即可產(chǎn)生大量完全人源化抗體。下圖是某科研機(jī)構(gòu)的實(shí)驗(yàn)方案。請回答:(1)此處基因敲除技術(shù)的受體細(xì)胞不是小鼠的受精卵,而是小鼠的 細(xì)胞,經(jīng)技術(shù)處理后的該細(xì)胞,再重新植入小鼠脾臟中增殖。(2)小鼠B淋巴細(xì)胞用B表示,小鼠骨髓瘤細(xì)胞用A表示,在培養(yǎng)液中,用滅活的動(dòng)物病毒作促融劑,培養(yǎng)液中共有 種類型的融合細(xì)胞(只考慮兩兩融合)(3)第一次篩選是選出 型的細(xì)胞(用字母組合表示),篩選具體方法是在培養(yǎng)基中加入某種物質(zhì),抑制骨髓瘤細(xì)胞DNA的復(fù)制,而B細(xì)胞DNA復(fù)制雖不受影響,但增殖能力很有限,只有雜交瘤細(xì)胞可以借助B細(xì)胞DNA復(fù)制的途徑,繼續(xù)增殖。此種培養(yǎng)基稱為 培養(yǎng)基。(4)將能產(chǎn)生抗H7N9病毒的雜交瘤細(xì)胞在動(dòng)物培養(yǎng)液中進(jìn)行培養(yǎng),其培養(yǎng)液與植物組織培養(yǎng)的MS培養(yǎng)基相比,特有成分是 。(5)利用上述技術(shù)生產(chǎn)的單克隆抗體可制作成診斷盒,用于準(zhǔn)確、快速診斷H7N9禽流感病毒的感染者,這種診斷運(yùn)用了 雜交技術(shù)。(6)有人設(shè)想,能否利用經(jīng)H7N9病毒免疫后小鼠效應(yīng)T細(xì)胞與小鼠骨髓瘤細(xì)胞融合,形成雜交瘤細(xì)胞,大量生產(chǎn)單克隆干擾素,用于H7N9禽流感患者的有效治療。你覺得該方法 (可行/不可行),因?yàn)? 。2013年安慶市高三模擬考試(三模)理科綜合試題參考答案及評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一、選擇題:題號12345678910答案BDCACDBCCD題號1112131415 1617181920答案CDDCACDBAD1.【答案】B 【解析】植物細(xì)胞在生長過程中,小液泡融合為一個(gè)大的中央液泡,體現(xiàn)了生物膜具有一定的流動(dòng)性,所以A項(xiàng)正確。花瓣和植物許多組織細(xì)胞沒有葉綠體,其有機(jī)物的來源于植物體綠色部分葉綠體的光合作用,因此B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)。當(dāng)外界溶液滲透壓大于細(xì)胞液滲透壓時(shí),細(xì)胞通過滲透作用失水,此時(shí)液泡滲透壓小于細(xì)胞質(zhì)基質(zhì),所以C項(xiàng)正確。花瓣、果實(shí)顯示不同顏色,與液泡中色素如花青素在不同pH下顯色反應(yīng)有關(guān),因此D項(xiàng)正確。2.【答案】D【解析】依據(jù)概念,連續(xù)分裂的細(xì)胞才有細(xì)胞周期,減數(shù)分裂的細(xì)胞不屬于連續(xù)分裂的細(xì)胞,沒有細(xì)胞周期,因此A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)。圖甲中的③和④時(shí)期分別表示間期的第三個(gè)時(shí)期③和分裂期,圖乙中bcde時(shí)段與之對應(yīng),所以B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)。細(xì)胞分化過程,各自細(xì)胞內(nèi)核基因一般理應(yīng)相同,各類細(xì)胞出現(xiàn)形態(tài)、結(jié)構(gòu)、功能不同,是基因選擇性表達(dá)結(jié)果,所以C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)。體液免疫中的記憶細(xì)胞暫不分裂,但保持對抗原的記憶能力,當(dāng)再次與同種抗原相遇時(shí),會(huì)迅速增殖分化,因此屬于G0期細(xì)胞,所以D項(xiàng)正確。3.【答案】C【解析】孟德爾通過豌豆雜交實(shí)驗(yàn),發(fā)現(xiàn)了分離定律和自由組合定律,提出了“遺傳因子”的概念,并不是發(fā)現(xiàn)了基因,所以A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)。格里菲思實(shí)驗(yàn)只是提出了轉(zhuǎn)化因子的存在,是艾弗里實(shí)驗(yàn)證明了轉(zhuǎn)化因子是DNA,即生物的遺傳物質(zhì)是DNA,所以B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)。沃森和克里克發(fā)現(xiàn)了DNA雙螺旋結(jié)構(gòu),并提出了DNA復(fù)制的詳細(xì)假說:“半保留復(fù)制”,因此C項(xiàng)對。逆轉(zhuǎn)錄和RNA復(fù)制是在研究某些病毒的遺傳機(jī)理過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)的,細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)生物的中心法則還是DNA復(fù)制、轉(zhuǎn)錄和翻譯,因此D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。4.【答案】A【解析】袁隆平雜交水稻的推廣,的確提高了糧食產(chǎn)量,但全國普遍栽植雜交水稻,導(dǎo)致許多水稻品種的消失,不利于水稻品種多樣性的保護(hù),所以A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)。四倍體西瓜與二倍體西瓜雜交所產(chǎn)生的三倍體西瓜是無籽的,說明四倍體西瓜與二倍體西瓜之間產(chǎn)生了生殖隔離機(jī)制,因此分屬于兩個(gè)物種,所以B項(xiàng)對。植物體細(xì)胞雜交打破了生殖隔離機(jī)制,克服了遠(yuǎn)緣雜交不親和性的障礙,由于雜種細(xì)胞經(jīng)組織培養(yǎng)能發(fā)育成雜交植株,屬于細(xì)胞全能性的體現(xiàn),因此C項(xiàng)對。人工選擇,與自然選擇相比,必然會(huì)導(dǎo)致作物品種進(jìn)化方向發(fā)生改變,所以D項(xiàng)對。5.【答案】C【解析】曲線ab段血糖上升的原因主要是血液從消化道中吸收葡萄糖所致,而曲線ef段血糖濃度上升的主要原因則是胰高血糖素和腎上腺素升高,促進(jìn)肝糖原分解為葡萄糖所致,因此A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。曲線bc段血糖下降過程是血液中胰島素升高所致,曲線de段血液中血糖下降主要原因是運(yùn)動(dòng)過程中機(jī)體動(dòng)用葡萄糖過多所致,此時(shí)段血液中胰島素應(yīng)逐漸下降,因此這兩段胰島素變化趨勢不相同,所以B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。神經(jīng)調(diào)節(jié)會(huì)影響胰島素、胰高血糖素和腎上腺素的分泌,而胰島素會(huì)降低血糖,胰高血糖素和腎上腺素會(huì)升高血糖,因此C項(xiàng)正確。在血糖濃度下降時(shí),胰高血糖素可促進(jìn)肝糖原可分解為葡萄糖,但不可以促進(jìn)肌糖原分解為葡萄糖,因此D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。6.【答案】D【解析】碳循環(huán)具有全球性,CO2是碳循環(huán)的主要形式,其可以隨著大氣環(huán)流在全球范圍內(nèi)流動(dòng),所以A項(xiàng)對。大力開發(fā)和使用清潔能源,能減少因燃燒化石燃料或植物(如農(nóng)作物秸稈、木柴)而產(chǎn)生的CO2,因此B項(xiàng)對。食物鏈和食物網(wǎng)是能量流動(dòng)和物質(zhì)循環(huán)的渠道,都是以食物中的有機(jī)物形式,因此C項(xiàng)對。溫室效應(yīng)的主要原因是煤、石油、泥炭等化石原料的短期內(nèi)大量燃燒所致,因此緩解溫室效應(yīng)的主要措施應(yīng)是限制這些能源的開采和使用,即倡導(dǎo)低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)生活方式,提高人均綠地面積,是緩解溫室效應(yīng)的措施之一,但不屬于低碳生活方式,所以D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)。二、非選擇題21.(18分)Ⅰ. (1)AC ( 4分) (2) 秒表、天平 (2分) 重物 (2分)Ⅱ. (1)連線如右圖所示 (3分)(2)B (3分)(3) (4分)22.(14分)解:(1)轎車B在實(shí)際制動(dòng)前做勻速直線運(yùn)動(dòng),設(shè)其發(fā)生的位移為,由題意可知:15m (3分)實(shí)際制動(dòng)后,做勻減速運(yùn)動(dòng),位移為,轎車A離洞口的距離為d=50m,有 則=41.7m (3分)因,轎車B會(huì)與停在前方的轎車A相撞(2分)(2)撞前轎車B的速度為,由運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)公式則 (3分)解得=10m/s (3分)23.(16分)解:(1)因粒子沿y軸正方向做勻速直線運(yùn)動(dòng),設(shè)其初速度為,故 (1分) (1分)聯(lián)立上式解得: (1分) 電場方向沿x軸正方向(1分)(2)若僅撤去磁場,粒子做類平拋運(yùn)動(dòng),根據(jù)題意,粒子應(yīng)從CD邊的中點(diǎn)M射出在y方向有:(1分) 在x方向有:(1分)根據(jù)牛頓第二定律:(2分)聯(lián)立以上各式得 (2分)(3)若僅撤去電場粒子做勻速圓周運(yùn)動(dòng),粒子剛好從AC邊N點(diǎn)射出時(shí),粒子軌跡圓心為,半徑為r,由幾何知識可知: (1分) 根據(jù)牛頓第二定律:(1分)解得(2分)由幾何可知 因 粒子在磁場中的運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)間聯(lián)立解得(2分)24.(20分)解:(1)將A、B看成一個(gè)系統(tǒng),由題意知該系統(tǒng)所受合外力為零,故該系統(tǒng)動(dòng)量守恒,設(shè)向右為正方向,A、B最后共同速度為V,有: (2分), A、B共同速度方向水平向右。 (2分) (2)分析題意知,A先向左做勻減速直線運(yùn)動(dòng)至速度為零,再向右做勻加速直線運(yùn)動(dòng),最終與B相對靜止,在此過程中,A的加速度始終不變,而B一直向右做勻減速直線運(yùn)動(dòng)直至A、B相對靜止,設(shè)全過程所用時(shí)間為t,A運(yùn)動(dòng)加速度大小為a,此過程中A、B對地位移分別為XA和XB,取向右為正方向,則 。 (2分) 解得: (1分) 又知 (2分)再設(shè)A向左運(yùn)動(dòng)至速度為零所用時(shí)間為t1,A離出發(fā)點(diǎn)向左運(yùn)動(dòng)最遠(yuǎn)的距離為Xm,則 (1分) (2分) (3)在A向左運(yùn)動(dòng)至最遠(yuǎn)處時(shí),設(shè)B的速度為VB,由動(dòng)量守恒定律得: MV0—mV0=MVB (2分) 在此過程中A、B系統(tǒng)動(dòng)能的改變量之和為: (1分) 再設(shè)B向右運(yùn)動(dòng)的位移為,則 (2分)在此過程中,A、B系統(tǒng)電勢能改變量之和設(shè)為,則 (1分)所以,在此過程中,A、B系統(tǒng)動(dòng)能改變量和電勢能改變量之和為: (2分)25. (16分)(1) 四(1分),ⅤⅢ(1分),[Ar]3d64s2(或1s2 2s22p63s23p63d64s2)(2分)(2) 大(1分),1:2 (1分),NH3與H2O之間能形成氫鍵(2分) (3) 3Fe + 4H2O(g) Fe3O4 + 4 H2(4分)(4) N2 (g) +3 H2 (g)2NH3 (g) △H= —92.4kJ·mol-1(4分)26.(14分)(1)羧基、碳碳雙鍵 (2分) 取代反應(yīng)(1分)(2)(3分)(3)2-甲基-1-丙烯 (2分) (2分)(4)HOOCCH=CHCH2COOH(2分)(5)ac(2分)27.(15分)⑴ 將Fe2+氧化為Fe3+ (2分) 5.0(2分)⑵ 2Fe2++H2O2+2H+=2Fe3++2H2O(3分)⑶ 與酸浸液中Fe3+和H+反應(yīng)生成Al3+(2分)⑷ 不能(1分)、 直接加熱AlCl3溶液,會(huì)發(fā)生水解反應(yīng),最終得到氧化鋁(2分)⑸ (4V2-V1-3V3)/3(V3-V2) 或(V2-V1)/3(V3-V2)—1 (3分)28.(13分)[提出假設(shè)]猜想一:單質(zhì)硫是硫化氫分解或是被空氣中的氧氣氧化生成的(2分)[實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證](一)猜想一(1分)(二)Sx2—+ 2H+ == H2S ↑+(x-1)S↓(3分)(三)BaCl2 (1分) , SO32—,(1分)⑴若溶液無明顯渾濁,有大量臭雞蛋氣味的氣體逸出,說明猜想二正確(2分);⑵若溶液仍明顯渾濁,有少量臭雞蛋氣味的氣體逸出,說明猜想二不正確(2分);[拓展應(yīng)用] FeS(1分)29.(10分。除特別注明外,每空1分)【答案】⑴液泡 細(xì)胞質(zhì)基質(zhì) ⑵茶多酚氧化酶在此溫度范圍內(nèi)活性最高,催化茶多酚充分氧化(2分) ⑶通過高溫使茶多酚氧化酶變性失活 部分 ⑷6 對比(或?qū)φ眨 、反應(yīng)時(shí)間太短 b、新鮮葉片未擦傷30.(22分)Ⅰ.(每空2分,共10分)【答案】⑴甲和丁 極性運(yùn)輸 ⑵甲和丙 乙和丁 ⑶去除尖端Ⅱ.(每空1分,共12分)【答案】⑴K r ⑵ ①天敵 環(huán)境容納量(或K值) ②生殖力 存活率 ③基因交流⑶ 非密度 密度 食物等 ⑷ 樣方 標(biāo)志重捕 31. (22分)Ⅰ.(每空2分,共14分)【答案】⑴隱 X ⑵XBXB×XBY、XBXb×XBY ⑶6 1.7 ⑷CGC→CUC ⑸酶的合成,進(jìn)而控制細(xì)胞代謝Ⅱ.(每空1分,共8分)【答案】⑴B淋巴細(xì)胞 ⑵3 ⑶AB 選擇 ⑷動(dòng)物血清或血漿 ⑸ 抗原-抗體 ⑹不可行 骨髓瘤細(xì)胞是效應(yīng)T細(xì)胞要攻擊殺死的靶細(xì)胞,兩者不可能融合成雜交瘤細(xì)胞2013年安慶市高三模擬考試(三模)英 語本卷分第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分,滿分150分,考試時(shí)間120分鐘。第Ⅰ卷第一部分:聽力理解(共兩節(jié)。滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題:每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:How much is the shirt? A. £19.15 B. £9.15 C. £9.18答案是B。1. What's the two speakers' major?A. Math. B. Spanish. C. English.2. What does the mail mean?A. He doesn't trust the woman.B. He would like to try the new way now.C. He would take the old way to the train station.3. Where will the woman go now?A. Shanghai B. Beijing C. Shenzhen.4. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a restaurant. B. In a hotel. C. In a shop.5. Who is Judy?A. Sam's wife. B. Sam's business partner. C. Sam's boss.第二節(jié)(共15小題,每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白,每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。每段對話或獨(dú)白聽兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答6—7題。6. What do we know about the woman?A. She is doing badly on the novel.B. She is good at making up stories.C. She hasn't written any novel before.7. How much has the woman written the novel now?A. Two pages. B. Two chapters. C. Just a little.聽第7段材料,回答8—9題。8. Why does the man call?A. To discuss some details about cooperation.B. To have the information about the company.C. To make a complaint about the company's service.9. What's the man's telephone number?A. 560-1288. B. 506-1488. C. 605-2188.聽第8段材料,回答10—12題。10. Why was the woman on the bus?A. To travel. B. To go home. C. To go to work.11. What did the woman do when the robber pointed a knife at her?A. She gave him her money.B. She caught hold of his knife.C. She asked other passengers to help.12. Who caught the robber when he was running away?A. Two passengers. B. The woman herself. C. The bus conductor.聽第9段材料,回答13—16題。13. Who are the two speakers probably?A. Jenny's parents. B. Mary's friends. C. Mary's parents.14. How much can Mary earn a week by walking dogs for neighbors?A. Six dollars. B. Five dollars. C. Four dollars.15. Which of the following words can best describe Mary?A. Generous. B. Hard-working. C. Selfish.16. How old is Mary?A. 11. B. 12 C.20.聽第10段材料,回答17—20題。17. When did Chaplin die?A. On December 25th, 1977. B. On April 16th, 1979. C. On December 16th, 1980.18. What does Charlie Chaplin's mother most probably do?A. A singer. B. A cleaner. C. A businesswoman.19. Why did Charlie Chaplin stop singing during the performance?A. He forgot the lyrics.B. He was too nervous to sing.C. He wanted to pick up the money.20. How many letters did Charlie Chaplin receive in two days on a visit to London? A. 7.300. B. 73,000. C. 70,300.第二部分:英語知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)。滿分45分)第一節(jié):語法和詞匯知識(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。例:Alice was the letter from Tom, but it didn't reach her for some reason.A. expecting B. waiting C. waiting for D. expected 答案是A。21. The famous coach has guided at least ten runners, but it is a shame that ______ qualified for the final in the national sports meet.A. nobody B. little C. neither D. none22. The streets here are crowded with cars, so I prefer ______ here rather than ______ .A. cycling; driving B. to cycle; drive C. cycle; to drive D. cycling; to drive23. The two countries agreed to ______ their differences and work together for peace, which has a positive effect on the international situation.A. set down B. set out C. set aside D. set about24. — She looks very happy. She ______ have passed the exam.—I guess so. It's not difficult after all.A. should B. must C. could D. might25. The Australian boy has a good ______ of Chinese and can express himself freely in it.A. power B. command C. demand D. usage26. It will be hard time for us this year unless your new plan ______ well.A. worked B. is working C. works D. has worked27. —You shouldn't have told her about the secret! — ______ ? No one believes her.A. How come B. What for C. So what D. What's up28. Most of her spare time ______ , she still kept on her research in the library.A. occupied B. having been occupied C. to be occupied D. is occupied29. The old house ______ the roof was damaged in a storm is being repaired now.A . where B. of which C. that D. whose30. By the end of next month you ______ your study in high school.A. will have finished B. must have taken C. should have taken D. would have taken31. Whether the Renmin Road reconstruction project can be completed on time has to depend on what the weather conditions are like and ______ modem the equipment is.A. how B. whether C. what D. which32. Students who study ______ can have more satisfaction, be healthier and more effective.A. approximately B. flexibly C. accurately D. extremely33. Cheng Yibing's teammate and friend, Zhang Chenglong, as well as many audiences, ______ at the judge's surprising preference.A. are astonished B. is astonishing C. are astonishing D. is astonished34. To be honest, the first time I saw him, I ______ that he was my former friend.A. haven't recognized B. didn't recognize C. hadn't recognized D. can't recognize35. —I wonder if I could use your washroom. —Of course. Just ______ .A. be cautious B. make yourself at home C. take your time D. go upstairs第二節(jié):完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后所給各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。A snowman was murdered last night. That is because many wheels of the different cars ran _36 the front grassland.This 37 didn't appear on the 10 o'clock news or on the front page of the local newspaper this morning. Isn't there anybody here who really 38 a snowman?This snowman was just 39 snow rolled into balls 40 some sticks and rocks, 41 made by a kid. Maybe this kid had 42 better to do. Or maybe he waited all year for the first _43 . Maybe his eyes 44 during the math class when the first piece of snow fell. Maybe he was the first 45 waiting for his mom when the headmaster 46 that the students could go home ahead of time.We can imagine a little boy rushing into his house and back out in 47 than a minute with his 48 on. Then he 49 the entire day gathering, shaping and creating 50 it was perfect.He was 51 excited for dinner, so he was busy calling his grandparents and friends to tell them about his snowman, 52 he stared out of his front window at it. They all came by this morning to see it. In 53 , the little boy woke up at daybreak, 54 his boots and snowsuit on, and ran out of die door..._55 , maybe he sat and cried at what he saw. A snowman was murdered last night.36. A. into B. out C. over D. across37. A. matter B. accident C. murder D. event38. A. looks at B. cares about C. passes by D. searches for39. A. a bunch of B. a piece of C. a group of D. a pile of40. A. with B. from C. by D. for41. A. particularly B. probably C. especially D. possibly42. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing43. A. time B. turn C. snowfall D. moment44. A. lit up B. showed up C. opened up D. moved up45. A. away B. inside C. indoor D. outside46. A. announced B. told C. convinced D. declared47. A. fewer B. more C. less D. longer48. A. hat B. gloves C. snowsuit D. socks49. A. cost B. used C. took D. spent50. A. until B. after C. as D. unless51. A. quite B. too C. rather D very52. A. before B. while C. since D. for 53. A. excitement B. curiosity C. sadness D. caution54. A. threw B. took C. tried D. carried55. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Again D. However第三部分:閱讀理解 (共20小題;每小題2分, 滿分40分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ALeft alone for over a month after the sad death of their owner, cats Roly Poly and Pudding never stood much of a chance. Amazingly, however, the lucky pair survived thanks to their vast fat.Police found the fat cats after reports of a smell coming from their elderly owner's home in Walsall, West Midlands. Both cats were close to death, but had kept on diet although having no access to food. When officers found the pair, they were still overweight at over nine kilos t- more than twice the weight of a normal cat.RSPCA inspectors believe the cats managed to stay alive because of their owner's feeding habits, and could have been even heavier before they were discovered.Judith Haw, from the RSPCA, said, "The cats were obviously much-loved by their owner, but perhaps a bit too much. We think the lady didn't have any relatives who could care for the cats and she didn't have time to let anyone else know. The cats did not have access to any food and were using the house as a toilet, so police were called when neighbors complained about the smell."Judith said the cats, which are being eared for at Foxtwood Cattery near Stoke, need a new home with a perfect parent who would be a health-conscious fitness fanatic (狂熱者). She also said, "We'd love to find the cats a personal trainer or perhaps someone who is on a diet so they can help the cats lose weight, too."56. Which of the following is mentioned in the text?A. The cats are being looked after near Stoke.B. Inspectors from RSPCA called the police.C. The lady had time to let anyone else know her death.D. The cats are twice heavier than a normal cat.57. RSPCA inspectors thought the cats can survive owing to ______ .A. their owner's feeding habits B. too much foodC. their owner's love D. RSPCA's careful attending58. According to Judith, the cats ______ .A. were left alone for a month B. needed a toiletC. should be fed scientifically D. gave off some terrible smell59. We can infer from the passage that ______ .A. the lady didn't have any relativesB. the cats might have had nowhere to stayC. police found the pair in WalsallD. the cats' owner massively overfed themBAs the job-hunting season is approaching, many graduates are suffering from anxiety. Worried about not getting satisfactory offers, some students have sleep problems, or even lose their appetite (胃口).According to a survey across several universities in Wuhan, over 72 percent are worried about finding a Job. Students in the first one or two years are also uneasy about their job expectations, which contributes to spreading anxiety further.Lang Lei, a business major from Renmin University, hoped to get a position in a large state-owned enterprise. But when it turned out that things wouldn't be so easy, Lang became concerned. "I began to worry," said Lang, who has now changed to more realistic goals. "Sometimes It was impossible for me to stop worrying. I had to talk about it on and on with my friends."Others feel anxious while waiting for interview results. Mo long, a senior software engineering major at South China Normal University, said, "For a day or two, I couldn't help but keep thinking about how I performed in front of the interviewers, how well I answered their questions, and whether they would consider giving me a chance in the end.". Mo was even unable to focus on other things as his apprehension grew. Often he just wanted to grab a phone to call the Human Resources Department, but he didn't have their number.Wen Fang, a well-known educator in Beijing, advises students not to be misled by the surveys and reports about the job market. "Unemployment rates are not linked to personal chances of getting a job, which is mainly determined by his or her ability."According to Wen, a mild degree of anxiety is normal, which can even be helpful. But if it constantly affects a student's normal life, one should pay more attention. "Focus on adapting yourself to the needs of society, and never expect too much of your goals," Wen added.60. Mo Tong didn't call the Human Resources Department because ______ .A. he couldn't get through to the number B. he'd rather talk with his friendsC. he was unaware of the number D. he felt himself full of anxiety61. ______ causes part of students unease.A. Being worried about getting unpleasant jobs B. Waiting for the interview resultsC. Taking part in too many examinations D. Planning to have further education62. We learn from the last paragraph ______ .A. anxiety is normal B. we should pay more attention to anxietyC. we should set a suitable goal D. constant anxiety may affect a student's normal life63. What does the underlined word in the fourth paragraph mean?A. Expectations. B. Anxiety. C. Understanding. D. Chances.CAustralia's Opera House and Harbor Bridge are going to be joined by a new landmark after the local government approved a £330 million, l5-hectare (公頃) Chinese-themed park including a full-sized copy of the gates to Beijing's Forbidden City. The park, to be built in Wyong Shire, about 50 miles north of Sydney, will also have a nine-story temple housing a giant Buddha and a mini-city modeled on Chinese water towns.The local mayor (市長), Doug Eaton, said the park, to be finished by 2020, is going to become one of the country's main tourist attractions. "Outside the Opera House and Harbor Bridge, this has the potential to be among the biggest tourist attractions in the state," he said, "What this project will do is turn the Wyong Shire into a tourist attraction and bring millions of dollars worth of tourism into the area, which will have a lasting effect on the local development."The local government has agreed to sell the land to the Australian Chinese Theme Park Pty Ltd., the private company behind the project. Construction will begin with the building of the Forbidden City gates in 2015.The park will also include a section in the architectural style of the Tang and Song dynasties and another in the style of the Ming and Qing dynasties. It will have a 1000-seat theatre, restaurants and fun_ction halls, and a children's section devoted to pandas."It is going to be a unique S500 million tourist attraction, employing more than a thousand people and bringing a bright future to Wyong Shire," said Bruce Zhong, chairman of the ACTP. The project is designed to take advantage of Chinese tourist market.64. ______ is the symbol today in Australia.A. The Forbidden City gates B. Opera House as well as Harbor BridgeC. Chinese-themed park with a templeD. A theme park as well as Opera House and Harbor Bridge65. Which of the following is true according to the text?A. The park will cost 500 million pounds to build in Wyong Shire.B. All the buildings in the park to be built will copy Chinese water towns.C. It will have positive influence on the economy in and around Wyong Shire.D. Persons will not be afraid of unemployment.66. There will stand the followings in the park EXCEPT ______ .A. a square B. a theatre C. some restaurants D. a temple67. The purpose of this project is to ______ A. collect more money B. copy the gates to Beijing Forbidden CityC. attract more Chinese visitors D. bring some profit to the Chinese governmentDParents seem to be looking in an unusual place for inspiration for baby names this year—their smartphones and iPads.The number of babies named after Apple products has soared—Apple, Siri and Mac have all risen in popularity as baby names this year, according to parenting advice site BabyCenter's annual report.Siri—the name of the app (計(jì)算機(jī)應(yīng)用程序) on iPhones—has risen by 5% on the list of girl names in popularity, for parents surely like the pronunciation of it, and the name Apple, though still an unusual choice, has risen by 15% for girls, which has climbed 585 places up BabyCenter's chart this year. Meanwhile, for boys, the name Mac has jumped 12%.The huge success of iPhone and iPad seems to be behind the new trend—BabyCenter describes the youngsters as 'iBabies', "The smart phones may just be the best parenting tool since diapers (紙尿褲) and some parents are showing their respect to industry leader Apple in their choice of baby names," says Linda Murray, the site's global editor in chief.Space-themed baby names also rose in popularity, lb is perhaps inspired by the publicity around NASA's Mars Curiosity Rover. "It seems space was a huge naming inspiration for parents this year: Sky, Star, Luna, Skylar, Heaven, Stella, and Mars all flew higher than last year," says Miller.68. According to the second paragraph, ______ will NOT be chosen parents as names for their baby girls.A. Luna B. Siri C. Mac D. Apple69. If a baby is called Mars, his parents may ______ .A. want their baby to be an astronaut in the near futureB. prefer to love the pronunciation of the wordC. be under the influence of launching Curiosity RoverD. want to show their respect to NASA70. 'iBabies' becomes popular because ______ .A. the app on iPhones is in popularity B. space gives the parents a naming inspirationC. apple products got a huge success D. parents wish to have an outstanding baby 71 What's the best title for this passage?A. A new trend for baby names. B. Digital products' effects on baby names.C. Inspiration for parents. D. The new meanings of baby names.EA beautiful girl fell into a city moat (護(hù)城河) as a result of a careless step. She was swept by the currents (水流) to a broken fence of a bridge arch (拱門) in the moat, which caught her dress and stopped her for a short time. As the currents were rapid and the water surface is two or three meters below the ground, it would be hard to rescue her and even harder for the rescuer to climb up to safety. None of the passers-by dared to run the risk.Eventually a young man dived into the moat, attempting her rescue. As a good swimmer, he soon reached the girl and dragged her to the bridge pier (橋墩). The accident attracted a large crowd, and not only came a group of firemen trying to help but also a lot of reporters. One of the latter asked the young man, "What made you run the risk in such rapid currents?"The young man turned to the girl and gave a loud answer, "It was her beauty." The answer caused a general smile among the on-lookers. "Didn't you have any idea of the danger you would come across?" asked the reporter again. "Why," said the young man, "She's so charming that it would be a great pity if she had been swept away by the rapid currents." This time all burst out laughing.Later that evening, the TV news ran an item about the rescue. They showed the scene of the rescue itself, the saved girl full of gratitude and people's praise for her heroic rescuer. But the young man's interesting answers were missing, not to be heard.72. Why dare not passers-by save the girl?A. The currents were always rapid. B. The river was too deep.C. They w ere afraid of taking the risk. D. They needed a witness.73. When the beautiful girl ______ , the young man gave her a hand.A. was stuck near a fence B. cried out for helpC. burned herself out in the river D. was swept down the river74. From the text, we know ______ didn't show up on the scene.A. TV reporters B. firefighters C. doctors D. some ordinary persons75. What can we learn from the passage?A. A young man accidentally saved a girl falling into a moat.B. There exist honesty and beauty as well as kindness.C. Passers-by laughed at the young man's answer without hesitation.D. News reporters covered the whole incident that evening.第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題共35分)第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分35分)第一節(jié)任務(wù)型閱讀(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文,并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。注意:每個(gè)空格只填1個(gè)單詞。請將答案寫在答題卡相應(yīng)題號的橫線上。There are many TV programs on Chinese food, but few are like China at Your Tongue Tips. The latest seven-part documentary (紀(jì)錄片) offers insights into the geographical, historical and cultural aspects of what Chinese eat.Made by Chen Xiaoqing, an award-winning documentary maker, China at Your Tongue Tips is filled with varieties of food, which tells us the beautiful process of food-making. The program is sure to attract both food experts and ordinary audiences.Television is filled with food programs these days, especially introductions of top chefs and close looks at the complicated and refined (精制的) cooking processes of a feast (盛宴), but how to create dishes is only one aspect of food culture, according to Chen."The program tries to bring something new by presenting more cultural elements related to dishes, like eating habits of eating."The surprise is that the show is not only about dishes. Every part focuses on different people, who tell stories about their adventures with food."As a saying, goes, 'you are what you eat','" Chen says. "Food is always connected with people. Behind the documentary, they are stories that reflect people's living situations and attitudes. That's another section which makes it special."To get enough good stories, the production team spent three months doing researches and interviews in about 60 cities before they started shooting in last July. Filming lasted about nine months.China at Your Tongue Tips shows social changes while presenting food culture, such as showing the elderly are in their hometowns while other members of this family work outside. In those cases, food serves as reminders of happy times and centerpieces of reunions.Title: A Hit about Chinese Food(76)___●The program consists of seven parts.●It shows Chinese food in terms of history, culture as well as (77)___Characteristics of China at Your Tongue Tips●Experts and ordinary people are (78)___ by the program (79)___ of delicious food.●(80)___ elements are presented to bring something new.●Every part draws our (81)___ to persons who tell stories about their adventure with food.●Stories can (82)___ people's living situations and attitudes.Background and significance of the program●It took the production team 3 months to go to about 60 cities to do (83)___ and interviews before shooting.●(84)___ lasted more than nine months.●The program shows social (85)___.第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá)(滿分25分)古語有云:父母在,不遠(yuǎn)游。你認(rèn)為這種行孝理念現(xiàn)在過時(shí)了嗎?請說明理由。 要求:120詞左右。參考詞匯:流動(dòng)性 mobility 福利welfare2013年安慶市高三模擬考試(三模)英語試題參考答案聽力:1—5 CCBBA 6—10 CABAC 11—15 BACAB 16—20 BAACB 單選:21—25 DBCHB 26—30 CCABA 31—35 ABDBB 完形:36—40 DCBAA 41—45 BDCAD 46—50 ACCDA 51—55 BBAAD 閱讀:56—59 AACD 60—63 CACB 64—67 BCAC 68—71 DCCA 72—75 CACB 任務(wù)讀寫:76. Introduction(s) 77. geography 78. attracted 79. full 80. Cultural 81. attention 82. reflect 83. research 84. Filming 85. changesOne possible version:In my opinion, we shall not leave our parents alone for one cause or another. As internationalization and increased mobility of society require the young to be always on the way of seeking educational or occupational success, the majority of the young men have little time to visit their parents and take care of them while most seniors are willing to live with their children.As is well-known, though our country's economy rises rapidly, social welfare system for the senior is still under construction. Therefore, it's not proper for the young to take the Western approach of a welfare society where the government lakes care of all the elderly.In conclusion, even if the social welfare's system can support all senior citizens, the love that only a family member can give cannot be replaced.2013年安徽省安慶市高三第三次模擬考試語文第Ⅰ卷 (閱讀題,共66分)一、(9分)閱讀下面的文字,完成1~3題。面對感性的思考人類需要并積累了三種基本知識:一是科技知識,它的目的是提高人類獲取基本生存實(shí)物的效率;二是倫理知識,它的目的是試圖使人在有序中實(shí)現(xiàn)更多的自由訴求;三是感性知識,它的目的是指向人本身,是關(guān)于人面對無盡的挑戰(zhàn)和困境時(shí)如何更大限度地得到感性愉悅、心靈補(bǔ)償和靈魂拯救的思考。無論是關(guān)心自然和物理世界的科技,還是關(guān)心社群秩序的倫理,其指向都是“身外之物”,只有作為感性知識的美學(xué)才是徹頭徹尾關(guān)心人的內(nèi)心的知識。我們不必特殊強(qiáng)調(diào)美學(xué),但至少不能忽略美學(xué),尤其在當(dāng)下,我們已經(jīng)處在視聽海洋之中,倘若還不去關(guān)心感性知識、關(guān)心美學(xué),那顯然是愚蠢的。為此,我希望大家讀一點(diǎn)美學(xué)書籍。在美學(xué)的經(jīng)典書目中,我推薦康德的《判斷力批判》。康德的“批判哲學(xué)”思想保存在他的多種書籍里面,但有力支撐他的哲學(xué)體系的是討論認(rèn)識論的《純粹理性批判》、討論倫理學(xué)的《實(shí)踐理性批判》和討論美學(xué)的《判斷力批判》。正是《判斷力批判》才在前兩個(gè)“批判”的“理論的哲學(xué)”與“實(shí)踐的哲學(xué)”之間的鴻溝上架起了溫情而暢通的橋梁。康德的哲學(xué)立場是重估人的理性能力,試圖在理性主義與經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義中間發(fā)現(xiàn)真理,這一點(diǎn)在他的《判斷力批判》中有充分體現(xiàn)。學(xué)術(shù)史通常把黑格爾的《美學(xué)》視為經(jīng)典美學(xué)的集大成者,但我覺得康德的《判斷力批判》具有豐富的美學(xué)思辨張力,當(dāng)徜徉于斯時(shí),感性生命和反思沖動(dòng)將均被激活。盡管《判斷力批判》依然是一種形而上學(xué),但我在與它相逢和攀談時(shí)卻能深度體驗(yàn)到某種趣味。它告訴我們,人會(huì)遇到三種愉悅:感官快適,美的歡愉,善的愉悅。康德相信三種愉快性質(zhì)不同,但我們真正知道了這些,仿佛就有了某些談?wù)撋罡行缘淖孕拧.?dāng)然,《判斷力批判》還提供了重要的美學(xué)知識,譬如審美愉快是無利害關(guān)系的,美不是概念但是作為普遍愉快的對象被呈現(xiàn),美具有無目的的合目的性,等等。這些思想既清理了當(dāng)時(shí)的感性學(xué)說誤區(qū),又對我們一直以來所遭遇的審美經(jīng)驗(yàn)具有闡釋的有效性。上個(gè)世紀(jì)中葉以后,越來越多的人還是懷疑康德的美學(xué),尤其是新世紀(jì)以來,諸如文化研究、日常生活審美化和生活美學(xué),都堅(jiān)定地質(zhì)疑、修正甚至顛覆了康德的美學(xué)。但我們應(yīng)該清醒,無論談?wù)撌裁锤行越?jīng)驗(yàn),無論是站在何種美學(xué)的立場上,無論要構(gòu)建一種怎樣的美學(xué),都必須了解經(jīng)典美學(xué),更何況經(jīng)典美學(xué)是活著的美學(xué),即便是生活美學(xué)也要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造性地運(yùn)用和整合經(jīng)典美學(xué)的思想價(jià)值。尊重感性才有可能敬重人,敬重人的內(nèi)心,因而我們既不應(yīng)忽視人的感性,忽視美學(xué),也要珍惜人類積累的科學(xué)思維能力。讀一讀《判斷力批判》,在知識自覺的基點(diǎn)上關(guān)切人本身,關(guān)切生命感性,關(guān)切審美體驗(yàn),該是多么美好的人生經(jīng)驗(yàn)啊。(《中學(xué)語文教學(xué)》2013年第2期卷首語,作者王確,有刪改。)1.下列有關(guān)《判斷力批判》的表述,不符合文意的一項(xiàng)是(3分)A.《判斷力批判》是美學(xué)的經(jīng)典書目之一,闡釋的是康德關(guān)心人的內(nèi)心的知識。B.《判斷力批判》作為康德批判哲學(xué)思想的支柱之一,它的地位超過其他著作。C.《判斷力批判》具有美學(xué)思辨張力,能夠激活閱讀者的感性生命與反思沖動(dòng)。D.《判斷力批判》提供了更重要的美學(xué)思想,它們清理了當(dāng)時(shí)的感性學(xué)說誤區(qū)。2.下列對原文思路的分析,正確的一項(xiàng)是(3分)A.第一段介紹了人類需要并積累的三種知識,從特定的時(shí)代背景出發(fā),希望讀者閱讀一點(diǎn)美學(xué)著作,并向讀者推薦康德的《判斷力批判》。B.第二段從康德哲學(xué)體系的構(gòu)成角度,肯定了《判斷力批判》的地位,橋梁的比喻形象化地詮釋了康德美學(xué)哲學(xué)對理論、實(shí)踐哲學(xué)的影響。C.第三段從閱讀體驗(yàn)角度概括了《判斷力批判》的內(nèi)容,它不僅讓人得到感官、美、善的愉悅,還提供了許多美學(xué)思想,至今仍有生命力。D.第四、五段站在維護(hù)康德美學(xué)的角度,批評了上世紀(jì)中葉以來某些人對它的質(zhì)疑、修正和顛覆,認(rèn)為讀經(jīng)典美學(xué)是一種美好的人生經(jīng)歷。3.下列對原文內(nèi)容的分析和概括,正確的一項(xiàng)是(3分)A.科技關(guān)心著自然和物理世界,倫理學(xué)關(guān)心著社群秩序,只有這美學(xué)才會(huì)思考人的感性愉悅、心靈補(bǔ)償和靈魂拯救。B. 我們當(dāng)下生活在視聽海洋之中,指向身外之物的倫理知識等無足輕重,因而關(guān)心感性知識、關(guān)心美學(xué)是明智之舉。C.重估人的理性能力,試圖在理性主義與經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義之間發(fā)現(xiàn)真理,這就是康德的哲學(xué)立場,它同樣體現(xiàn)在其美學(xué)上。D.尊重感性就能敬重人與敬重人的內(nèi)心,因此我們既不應(yīng)該忽視感性與美學(xué),又要珍惜人類積累的科學(xué)思維能力。二、(33分)閱讀下面的文言文,完成4~7題。姚珠樹公傳[清] 張英明之季年,吾桐冠蓋煊奕王謝子弟,以才俊聞?dòng)谝粫r(shí),其中文章、經(jīng)濟(jì)、豐采、言論、氣誼、識量皆光明駿偉,卓然為諸君之冠者,則姚珠樹公也。英為珠樹公幼婿,公捐館舍①時(shí),英年十有五,猶及侍公左右,見其儀范巍然岳峙,淵然海涵,吐納宗風(fēng),神采四映,雖幼猶能識之。工舉子業(yè),最為華贍博大,而一一根據(jù)理要,伸紙疾書,千言立就,古文詞無不兼擅其美。詩宗少陵而命意,選詞機(jī)杼,仍由己出。書法朗潤高秀,入晉人之實(shí)。此皆邑人之所矜式②,海內(nèi)之所流傳,而英得于耳目之濡染者最多也。公為廉吏,后幼而食貧。當(dāng)時(shí),公卿雅重公才望,折節(jié)締交,所以資奉之者甚厚。公性豪邁不羈,初,不治家人生產(chǎn),悉推所有以供賓客觴詠之需,然亦未嘗有所匱乏也。事項(xiàng)太夫人,孝養(yǎng)純篤,至老不衰。當(dāng)明末造知天下將亂,士大夫習(xí)于太平久,皆諱言兵。公留意當(dāng)時(shí)事,與老弁③知兵者游講,求防御賊寇之策,火器火藥,皆與邑令謀而預(yù)備之。崇禎甲戌,流寇攻桐城,以有備而獲免。乙亥,賊張獻(xiàn)忠聚數(shù)萬眾,圍桐者三次,蕞爾④孤城與賊相拒數(shù)旬,卒以無恙,則公與守令同心守御之有道也。公不遇于時(shí),無由為封疆謀畫而克全梓里,其效彰彰如是,使設(shè)施展布其所就,寧不偉哉?國朝定鼎后,以明經(jīng)⑤署浙江龍游縣學(xué)博,訓(xùn)士有方,多所成就,至今稱之。教子至嚴(yán)肅,既壯猶督課如少時(shí),以故皆為名士,掇巍科⑥。少與方宮詹公八人為友,稱“八俊”。以文章道義相切磨,膠漆如古人,邑人至今為美談。卒年五十有一,以公之才,而年與位皆不稱,其所積而未享者,今之子若孫承之,俾昌俾熾有以也夫。[注]①捐館舍:拋棄館舍,死亡的婉辭。②矜式:敬重和取法。③老弁:舊時(shí)稱低級武職。④蕞爾:小的樣子。⑤明經(jīng):清代貢生的別稱。⑥巍科:古代稱科舉考試名次在前者。4.對下列句子中加點(diǎn)詞的解釋,不正確的一項(xiàng)是(3分)A.以才俊聞?dòng)谝粫r(shí) 聞:聞名B.工舉子業(yè) 工:擅長C.公卿雅重公才望 雅:高雅D.既壯猶督課如少時(shí) 課:考核5.下列各組句子中,加點(diǎn)詞的意義和用法相同的一組是(3分)A.雖幼猶能識之 填然鼓之,兵刃既接B.士大夫習(xí)于太平久 唐浮圖慧褒始舍于其址C.以明經(jīng)署浙江龍游縣學(xué)博 然秦以區(qū)區(qū)之地,致萬乘之勢D.而年與位皆不稱 侶魚蝦而友麋鹿6.下列對原文有關(guān)內(nèi)容的分析和概括,不正確的一項(xiàng)是(3分)A.姚珠樹具有多方面才能,詩歌因?qū)W習(xí)杜甫而在立意上深受其影響,書法則深得王羲之等晉人書法的精髓。B.姚珠樹憑借才能和名望,贏得了當(dāng)時(shí)公卿的愛戴,他們降尊紆貴和姚公相處,還常常從物質(zhì)上接濟(jì)姚公。C.明朝末年姚珠樹積極謀劃御敵之策,并且精心武備,在他的率領(lǐng)下當(dāng)?shù)匕傩諔?zhàn)勝了強(qiáng)敵,保全了桐城邑。D.姚珠樹教育兒子很嚴(yán)厲,孩子成年后仍然一如既往,因此他們都成為名士,并在科舉考試中表現(xiàn)出色。7.把原文中畫線的句子翻譯成現(xiàn)代漢語。(10分)(1)初,不治家人生產(chǎn),悉推所有以供賓客觴詠之需,然亦未嘗有所匱乏也。答: (2)無由為封疆謀畫而克全梓里,其效彰彰如是,使設(shè)施展布其所就,寧不偉哉?答: 閱讀下面這首詩,回答8~9題。將去洛陽,燈下感賦[清] 陳維崧露幌風(fēng)簾思不禁,巡檐背手重沉吟。一城漢苑隋宮地,幾夜零砧斷杵心?菊到將離分客瘦,天因離別釀秋陰。偃師①明發(fā)應(yīng)回首,洛水嵩云②深更深。[注]①偃師:河南縣名,位于洛陽東面。②洛水嵩云:洛河之水,嵩山之云。洛河流經(jīng)洛陽,嵩山在洛陽東面。8.這首詩抒發(fā)了作者怎樣的思想感情?請以首聯(lián)和頷聯(lián)為例簡要分析之。(4分)答: 9.請從表現(xiàn)手法的角度對詩的頸聯(lián)做簡要賞析。(4分)答: 10.補(bǔ)寫出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。(任選6空,超過6空,則按前6空評分)(6分)(1)天下云集響應(yīng), 。 (賈誼《過秦論》)(2) ,秋水共長天一色。 (王勃《滕王閣序》)(3) ,猶抱琵琶半遮面。 (白居易《琵琶行》)(4)昆山玉碎鳳凰叫, 。 李賀《李憑箜篌引》)(5) ,亦使后人而復(fù)哀后人也。 (杜牧《阿房宮賦》)(6)居廟堂之高則憂其民; 。 (范仲淹《岳陽樓記》)(7)竹杖芒鞋輕勝馬,誰怕? 。 蘇軾《定風(fēng)波》)(8) ,小橋流水人家。 遠(yuǎn)《天凈沙·秋思》)三、(24分)閱讀下面的文字,完成11~14題。歸來的溫馨[智利] 聶魯達(dá)①我的住所幽深,院內(nèi)樹木繁茂。久別之后,房子的許多去處吸引我躲進(jìn)去盡情享受歸來的溫馨。②花園里長起神奇的灌木叢,散發(fā)出我從未領(lǐng)受過的芬芳。我種在花園深處的楊樹,原來是那么細(xì)弱,那么不起眼,現(xiàn)在竟長成了大樹。它直插云天,表皮上有了智慧的皺紋,梢頭不停地顫動(dòng)著新葉。最后認(rèn)出我的是栗樹。當(dāng)我走近時(shí),它們光裸干枯的、高聳紛繁的枝條,顯出高深莫測和滿懷敵意的神態(tài),而在它們軀干周圍正萌動(dòng)著無孔不入的智利的春天。我每回都去看望它們,因?yàn)槲倚睦锩靼祝鼈冃枰胰パ捕Y,在清晨的寒冷中我凝然佇立在沒有葉子的枝條下,直到有一天,一個(gè)羞怯的綠芽從樹梢高出遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地探出頭來看我,隨后出來了更多的綠芽。我出現(xiàn)的消息就這樣傳遍了那棵大栗樹所有躲藏的滿懷疑慮的樹葉。現(xiàn)在,它們驕傲地向我致意,儼然已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了我的歸來。鳥兒在枝頭重新開始往日的啼鳴,仿佛樹葉下什么變化也未曾發(fā)生。③書房里等待我的是冬天和殘冬的濃烈氣息。在我的住所中,書房最深刻地反映我離家的跡象。④封存的書籍有一股亡魂的氣味,直沖鼻子和心靈深處,因?yàn)檫@是遺忘——業(yè)已湮滅的記憶——所產(chǎn)生的氣味。在那古老的窗子旁邊,面對著安第斯山頂上白色和藍(lán)色的天空,在我的背后,我感到了正在與這些書籍進(jìn)行搏斗的春天的芬芳。書籍不愿擺脫長期被人拋棄的狀態(tài),依然散發(fā)出一陣陣遺忘的氣息。春天身披新裝,帶著忍冬的香氣,正在進(jìn)入各個(gè)房間。在我離家期間,書籍被弄得散亂不堪。這不是說書籍短缺了,而是它們的位置被挪動(dòng)了。在一卷17世紀(jì)古版的嚴(yán)肅的培根著作旁邊,我看到薩爾加里的《尤卡坦旗艦》。盡管如此,它們倒還能夠和睦相處。然而,一冊《拜倫詩集》卻散開了,我拿起來的時(shí)候,書皮像信天翁的黑翅膀那樣落下來。我費(fèi)力地把書脊和書皮縫上,事前我先飽覽了那冷漠的浪漫主義。⑤海螺是我住所里最沉默的居民。從前海螺連年在大海里度過,養(yǎng)成了極深的沉默。如今,近幾年的時(shí)光又給它增添了歲月和塵埃。可是,它那珍珠般冷冷的閃光,它那哥特式的同心橢圓形,或是它那張開的殼瓣,都使我記起遠(yuǎn)處的海岸和事件。這種閃著紅光的珍貴海螺是古巴的軟體動(dòng)物學(xué)家——卡洛斯·德拉托雷把它當(dāng)作海底勛章贈(zèng)給我的。這些加利福尼亞海里的“橄欖”,以及同一處來的帶紅刺的和帶黑珍珠的牡蠣,都已經(jīng)一點(diǎn)兒褪色,而且蓋滿塵埃了。⑥還有一些新居民,就是從封存了很久的大木箱里取出的書籍和物品。這些松木箱來自法國,箱子板上有地中海的氣味,打開蓋子時(shí)發(fā)出嘎吱嘎吱的響聲,隨即箱內(nèi)出現(xiàn)金光,露出維克多·雨果著作的紅色書皮。舊版的《悲慘世界》便把形形色色令人心碎的生命,在我家的幾堵墻壁之內(nèi)安頓下來。⑦不過,從這口靈柩般的大木箱里出來一張婦女的可愛的臉,木頭做的高聳的乳房,一雙浸透音樂和鹽水的手。我給她取名叫“天堂里的瑪利亞”,因?yàn)樗龓砹耸й櫞坏拿孛堋N以诎屠枰患遗f貨店里發(fā)現(xiàn)她光彩照人,那時(shí)她因?yàn)楸蝗藪仐壎婺咳牵煸谝欢褟U棄的金屬器具里,埋在郊區(qū)陰郁的破布堆下面。現(xiàn)在,她被放置在高處,再次煥發(fā)著活潑、鮮艷的神采出航。每天清晨,她的雙頰又將掛滿神秘的露珠,或是水手的淚水。⑧玫瑰花在匆匆開放。從前,我對玫瑰很反感,因?yàn)樗龥]完沒了地附麗于文學(xué),因?yàn)樗甙痢?墒牵劭此齻兂嗌砺泱w頂著嚴(yán)冬冒出來,當(dāng)她在堅(jiān)韌多刺的枝條間露出雪白的胸脯,或是露出紫紅色的火團(tuán)的時(shí)候,我心中漸漸充滿柔情,贊嘆她們含著挑戰(zhàn)意味發(fā)出的浪濤般神秘的芳香與光彩;而這是它們適時(shí)從黑色土地里盡情吸取之后,像是責(zé)任心創(chuàng)造的奇跡,在露天里表露著愛。而現(xiàn)在,玫瑰帶著動(dòng)人的嚴(yán)肅神情挺立在每個(gè)角落,這種嚴(yán)肅與我正相符。她們和我都擺脫了奢侈與輕浮,各自盡力發(fā)出自己的一份光。⑨可是,四面八方吹來的風(fēng)使花朵輕微起伏、顫動(dòng),飄來陣陣沁人心脾的芳香。青年時(shí)代的記憶涌來,令人陶醉:已經(jīng)忘卻的美好名字和美好時(shí)光,那輕輕撫摸過纖手,高傲的琥珀色雙眸,以及隨著時(shí)光流逝已不再梳理的發(fā)辮,一起涌上心頭。⑩這是忍冬的芳香,這是春天的第一個(gè)吻。[注]聶魯達(dá)(1904—1973),智利著名詩人、散文家,1971年諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者。選文有刪改。11.作者通過哪些描寫來表現(xiàn)“歸來的溫馨”?請分點(diǎn)概括。(6分)答: 12.請結(jié)合文本內(nèi)容體會(huì)下面兩句話的含意。(4分)(1)她們和我都擺脫了奢侈與輕浮,各自盡力發(fā)出自己的一份光。(2分)答: (2)這是忍冬的芳香,這是春天的第一個(gè)吻。(2分)答: 13.第②段描寫花園里的樹木、鳥兒有哪些作用?(6分)答: 14.有人說,本文是散文,但也可看成是一首抒情詩。你同意這種說法嗎?請結(jié)合文本內(nèi)容和相關(guān)文學(xué)知識談?wù)勀愕目捶ā#?分)答: 第Ⅱ卷 (表達(dá)題,共84分)四、(24分)15.下列各組詞語中,加點(diǎn)字的讀音全都正確的一組是(3分)A.乳臭(xiù) 估量(ɡū) 干細(xì)胞(ɡān) 親密無間(jiàn)B.揣度(duó) 橫行(hènɡ) 孺子牛(rú) 參差不齊(cēn)C.包庇(bì) 強(qiáng)勁(jìnɡ) 觸摸屏(chù) 甘之如飴(yí)D.供給(ɡōnɡ)通緝(jī)賀歲片(piàn) 是非曲直(qǔ)16.下列文段中加點(diǎn)詞語使用有誤的一項(xiàng)是(3分)八月深秋,無邊無際的高粱紅成汪洋的血海,高粱高密輝煌,高粱凄婉可人,高粱愛情激蕩。秋風(fēng)蒼涼,陽光很旺,瓦藍(lán)的天上游蕩著一朵朵豐滿的白云,高粱上滑動(dòng)著一朵朵豐滿白云的紫紅色影子。一隊(duì)隊(duì)暗紅色的人在高粱棵子里穿梭拉網(wǎng),幾十年如一日。他們精忠報(bào)國,他們演出過一幕幕英勇悲壯的舞劇,與他們相比,我們這些活著的不肖子孫相形見絀,在進(jìn)步的同時(shí),我真切地感到種的退化。A.蒼涼 B.游蕩 C.精忠報(bào)國 D.相形見絀17.下列各句中,沒有語病的一句是(3分)A.在南海主權(quán)問題上,南亞某些國家把中國的嚴(yán)正聲明和強(qiáng)烈抗議置若罔聞,一意孤行,必將自食其果。B.他在《語文建設(shè)》“學(xué)術(shù)前沿”欄目發(fā)表的關(guān)于桐城派散文研究的文章,否定的人很多,引發(fā)眾多爭議。C.一首詩歌是否優(yōu)美,關(guān)鍵不在于它是否迎合了時(shí)代,而在于它是否有一種超越時(shí)空直抵人心靈的力量。D.這種對讀書精神的守望不僅使我們沉湎在欲望中的人性有了尊嚴(yán),而且使我們從平庸生活中脫離出來。18.閱讀下面的圖表,用簡明的語言概述云天小區(qū)房價(jià)走勢變化的基本特點(diǎn),不使用具體數(shù)字(包括年份),含標(biāo)點(diǎn)不超過35字。(4分)答: 19.仿照下面畫線句子的格式,運(yùn)用對偶和引用的修辭手法,在橫線上續(xù)寫一段話。(5分)一趟從上海開往北京的旅游專列行至江蘇南京時(shí),列車廣播里,播音員正在播音:各位旅客:我們的腳下正是六朝古都南京。這里山川形勝,人文薈萃。紫金山松柏蒼翠,玄武湖波光蕩漾。東吳大帝指點(diǎn)江山,中山國父經(jīng)緯天地。詩人曾感慨:“江南佳麗地,金陵帝王州。”……現(xiàn)在,南京正漸漸地淡出你的視野。前方,列車將要到達(dá)的是安徽省。從群山連綿的皖南山區(qū)到沃土千里的淮北平原,這里風(fēng)光秀美,歷史悠久。 , 。 , 。 。……現(xiàn)在,你已經(jīng)隨著列車進(jìn)入安徽地界。答: , 。 , 。 。20.2013年4月20日8時(shí)2分,四川省雅安市蘆山縣發(fā)生7.0級地震。雅安在慟哭,中國在飲泣,雅安人遭受了親友傷逝、家園被毀的傷痛,傷痛更在國人的心頭。我們擬在校刊開設(shè)“與雅安同在”專欄,請你為專欄寫一段開欄語。(不超過70字)(6分)答: 五、(60分)21.閱讀下面的文字,按要求作文。(60分)當(dāng)下,人們不吝贊美之辭,對一些來自草根階層的平凡人物冠以“最美”二字,如“最美教師”、“最美戰(zhàn)士”、“最美媽媽”、“最美護(hù)士”、“最美司機(jī)”、“最美消防員”等。主流媒體不甘落后,大量刊載“最美人物”的“最美事跡”。發(fā)現(xiàn)“最美”、宣傳“最美”已然成為當(dāng)下一種社會(huì)現(xiàn)象。此種現(xiàn)象,引發(fā)了你怎樣的感想?請自擬文題,寫一篇不少于800字的議論文。不要套作,不得抄襲。不得透漏個(gè)人相關(guān)信息。書寫規(guī)范,正確使用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號。語文試題答案1.(3分)B(“地位超過其他著作”無中生有。文中只是說,《判斷力批判》在“理論的哲學(xué)”與“實(shí)踐的哲學(xué)”之間架起了橋梁)2.(3分)A(B.“影響”一說無中生有,“橋梁的比喻”說的是康德美學(xué)與康德理論、實(shí)踐哲學(xué)的關(guān)系;C.“它不僅讓人得到感官、美、善的愉悅”移花接木,原文信息是《判斷力批評》一書提供感官、美、善三種愉悅,并沒說此書給人三種愉悅;D.“認(rèn)為讀經(jīng)典美學(xué)是一種美好的人生經(jīng)驗(yàn)”偷換概念,原文信息是讀《判斷力批判》是美好的人生經(jīng)驗(yàn)。)3.(3分)C(A.“思考人的感性愉悅、心靈補(bǔ)償和靈魂拯救”是感性知識;B.“指向身外之物的倫理知識等無足輕重”無中生有;D.“尊重感性就能敬重人”錯(cuò)將或然變成必然。)4.(3分)C(雅:平素、常常、一向。)5.(3分)C(都是介詞,解釋為“憑著”。A.前者為代詞,解釋為“這些”;后者為襯音助詞,起補(bǔ)足音節(jié)的作用。B.前者介詞,解釋為“對于”;后者介詞,解釋為“在”。D.前者表轉(zhuǎn)折的的連詞,解釋為“可是”;后者表并列的連詞,無義。)6.(3分)C(“在他的率領(lǐng)下”夸大了姚珠樹的作用,抹殺了守令的功勞。)7.(10分)(1)當(dāng)初,他不太注意經(jīng)營家庭產(chǎn)業(yè),拿出自己擁有的全部財(cái)物來供給賓客們飲酒賦詩的需要,然而他的財(cái)物也不曾出現(xiàn)匱乏。(5分,“治”“推”“觴詠”“匱乏”各1分,通順1分)(2)沒有機(jī)會(huì)為國家邊疆安定出謀劃策卻能夠有機(jī)會(huì)保全鄉(xiāng)里,而且他的成效是如此顯著,假若讓他施展才華履行他所擔(dān)任的職責(zé),又怎么會(huì)不功業(yè)偉大呢?(5分,“由”“克全”“彰彰”“設(shè)施展布”各1分,通順1分)8.(4分)這首詩抒發(fā)了詩人即將離別洛陽時(shí)的留戀與感傷。(2分)首聯(lián)“思不禁”直接點(diǎn)明詩人離開洛陽前心緒不寧、浮想聯(lián)翩的情形,“巡檐背手”“重沉吟”則將作者內(nèi)心情緒具體化、動(dòng)作化。頷聯(lián)借洛陽漢苑隋宮的遺跡、牽人魂魄的斷續(xù)搗衣聲的描寫,間接表現(xiàn)詩人對洛陽的留戀。(2分)9.(4分)①擬人手法,菊花因離別在即而分外寒“瘦”,天氣因離別在即而“釀”出秋陰,移情于物,化靜為動(dòng),渲染了離別在即感傷與留戀。②借景寄情,菊花分外寒瘦,天空秋陰濃厚,哀景寄托了離別在即的感傷與留戀之情。③哀景襯托哀情,分外寒瘦的菊花、秋陰濃厚的天空襯托了詩人離別在即的感傷與留戀。④情景交融,詩人因離別在即而神情黯然,菊花因深秋來臨而分外寒瘦,天空因深秋來臨而陰云濃密,情景水乳交融。(手法2分,分析2分,任答一點(diǎn)即可)10.(6分)(1)贏糧而景從(2)落霞與孤鶩齊飛(3)千呼萬喚始出來(4)芙蓉泣露香蘭笑(5)后人哀之而不鑒之(6)處江湖之遠(yuǎn)則憂其君(7)一蓑煙雨任平生(8)枯藤老樹昏鴉11.(6分)①花園里樹木鳥兒等生機(jī)乍現(xiàn);②我享受著書房里春天的氣息;③海螺勾起我對海岸往事的回憶;④我擺放書籍和艷麗女人像等新居民;⑤我發(fā)現(xiàn)玫瑰花有美好品格;⑥花香喚起我的青春記憶。(6分,每點(diǎn)1分)12.(4分)(1)①玫瑰花不再虛華高傲,而是嚴(yán)肅努力地奉獻(xiàn)著芳香與光彩;②我經(jīng)歷磨難后不再虛華輕浮,而是嚴(yán)肅、努力地奉獻(xiàn)著愛。(2分,每點(diǎn)1分)(2)①沁人心脾的花香是春天送給我的禮物;②青春時(shí)代的美好記憶是春天送給我的禮物。(2分,每點(diǎn)1分)13.(6分)①承接上文表現(xiàn)我久別歸來溫馨愉悅的心情;②再現(xiàn)冬去春來花園里生機(jī)勃勃的景象;③凸顯著文章熱愛家園與自然的主旨。(每點(diǎn)2分)14.(8分)同意。(1)情感熾烈。本文充滿國家之愛、家園之愛、自然之愛、書籍之愛、往事之愛。在作者的筆下,一切都是有生命的,閃耀著情感和智慧的光芒。(2)想象瑰奇。“我”回到久別的家園,院中的栗樹由“羞怯”地“探出頭來看我”到“驕傲地向我致意”。玫瑰在冬天開放,她“赤身裸體頂著嚴(yán)冬”、“露出雪白的胸脯”、“露出紫紅色的火團(tuán)”。(3)語言精致。本文大量使用比喻、擬人等修辭手法,措辭準(zhǔn)確,用語新穎。如書皮脫落作者說“像信天翁的黑翅膀那樣落下來”,女人像丟棄作者說是“天堂里的瑪利亞”被人拋棄,“埋在郊區(qū)陰郁的破布堆下面”,等等。(言之成理即可得分)15.(3分)C(A.“干”讀ɡàn;B.“橫”讀hénɡ;D.“曲”讀qū)16.(3分)D(“相形”就是相比較,“相形見絀”與“與他們相比”重復(fù))17.(3分)C(A.搭配不當(dāng),將“把”改為“對”;B. 表意不明,“文章中否定的人很多”“否定這篇文章的人很多”指向兩可,令人費(fèi)解;D. 語序不當(dāng),“不僅”“而且”后內(nèi)容位置對調(diào)。)18.(4分)示例:先在低位緩慢增長,后連續(xù)多年急劇攀升,近幾年漲幅雖然趨緩但仍居高不下。(每點(diǎn)1分,語句連貫1分)18.(4分)示例一:該小區(qū)房價(jià)起初增長緩慢,經(jīng)歷多年的的急劇攀升后,近幾年在高位增長趨緩。示例二:該小區(qū)房價(jià)低位增長緩慢,然后急劇攀升,近幾年漲幅雖然趨緩但仍居高不下。(每點(diǎn)1分,語句連貫1分)19.(5分)示例:黃山松奇絕天下,采石磯雄踞大江。徽州商人叱咤風(fēng)云,曹操父子詩興盎然。前人曾感嘆:“一生癡絕處,無夢到徽州”(兩處對偶,一處引用,每處2分。每一處又分為內(nèi)容和形式,各1分。內(nèi)容要切合自然風(fēng)光及人文特點(diǎn),形式應(yīng)符合對偶和引用的要求)20.(6分)剛撫平汶川的傷痛,雅安又遭重創(chuàng)。我們感受著雅安人的痛和淚,心與雅安同在。親愛的同學(xué),讓我們在這里一起為雅安祈福:加油,雅安;加油,雅安人!21.[參考立意]“最美人物”雖然是普通者,但是他們身上凝聚著人間的真情與溫暖,彰顯著人性的美麗與光輝,他們的身上涵蓋了精神領(lǐng)域的諸多方面——大愛、敬業(yè)、良知、奉獻(xiàn)、感恩、責(zé)任、誠信、尊嚴(yán)、執(zhí)著,傳遞的是社會(huì)的正能量。學(xué)生立意的空間很廣。①中國普通民眾努力拯救道德危機(jī);②社會(huì)中不是缺少美,而是缺少發(fā)現(xiàn)的眼睛;③全社會(huì)認(rèn)同和堅(jiān)守核心價(jià)值觀;④當(dāng)下社會(huì)呼喚傳統(tǒng)道德回歸。附錄:[文言文參考譯文]明朝末年,我們桐城文人力壓高門世族子弟,憑借才能出眾聞名一時(shí),其中文章、治國才干、儀表風(fēng)度、言談、義氣情誼、見識度量都超群,突出地成為眾人之首的,是姚珠樹公。我是姚珠樹公的小女婿,他去世的時(shí)候,我15歲。(在此之前)我還來得及陪侍在姚公身邊,見到他儀表端莊,內(nèi)涵深厚,吸納名士風(fēng)范,神采四射,我雖然年幼也還記得。姚公擅長科舉應(yīng)試的詩文,文章華美富麗,內(nèi)容博大,且完全根據(jù)事理的要旨,鋪開紙張,拿筆疾書,千字之文,一揮而就,無論古文或詩詞,無不完美。詩歌取法杜甫確定詩的主旨,(至于)遣詞造句、構(gòu)思布局,則仍然由自己獨(dú)創(chuàng)。書法明朗潤澤、高雅清秀,深得王羲之、王獻(xiàn)之等晉人書法的精髓。這些都是故鄉(xiāng)人敬重和效法,天下所流傳,而我耳濡目染最多的。姚公是清廉的官吏,子女年幼,衣食貧乏。當(dāng)時(shí),公卿們一向很敬重姚公的才能和名望,屈尊結(jié)交,資助、饋贈(zèng)的東西很是豐厚。姚公天性豪邁,不受約束。當(dāng)初,他不太注意經(jīng)營家庭產(chǎn)業(yè),拿出自己擁有的全部財(cái)物來供給賓客們飲酒賦詩的需要,然而他的財(cái)物也不曾出現(xiàn)匱乏。侍奉項(xiàng)太夫人,竭盡孝忱奉養(yǎng),純樸篤實(shí),到老不衰。明末之際天下將亂,士大夫?qū)﹂L久的太平已習(xí)以為常,都不愿談及軍事。姚公留心時(shí)事,與懂得軍事的低級武官出游講授,尋求御敵之策,火藥火器,都與縣令謀劃而預(yù)先準(zhǔn)備。崇禎甲戌,流寇攻打桐城,因?yàn)橛袀涞靡孕颐狻R液ィ瑥埆I(xiàn)忠糾集幾萬人,三次圍困桐城,小小孤城與(強(qiáng)大的)賊兵抗拒幾十天,最終無恙,這是(因?yàn)椋┮c當(dāng)?shù)毓賳T同心守衛(wèi)有法。姚公沒有遇到好時(shí)機(jī),沒有機(jī)會(huì)為國家邊疆安定出謀劃策卻能夠有機(jī)會(huì)保全鄉(xiāng)里,而且他的成效是如此顯著,假若讓他施展才華履行他所擔(dān)任的職責(zé),又怎么會(huì)不功業(yè)偉大呢?清朝統(tǒng)治確立,姚公以貢生代理浙江龍游縣學(xué)官一職,訓(xùn)教士子有方,成就了很多人,當(dāng)?shù)厝酥两穹Q贊他。姚公教子十分嚴(yán)厲,兒子們成年了仍然督察考核如同小時(shí)候,因此他們都成為名士,在科舉考試中取得很高的名次。姚公年輕時(shí)與方宮詹等人結(jié)為好友,人稱“八俊”。他們以文章、道義相切磋,情投意合如古人,鄉(xiāng)人至今傳為美談。姚公享年51歲,以他的才能,壽命與地位都不相稱,他所積存而沒有享受的,如今他的兒子和孫子繼承下來,讓(姚氏)家族興旺、昌盛,(這是)有原因的啊! 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源列表 安徽省安慶市2013屆高三模擬考試(三模)數(shù)學(xué)文試題.doc 安徽省安慶市2013屆高三模擬考試(三模)數(shù)學(xué)理試題(含解析).doc 安徽省安慶市2013屆高三模擬考試(三模)理綜試題.doc 安徽省安慶市2013屆高三模擬考試(三模)英語試題.doc 安徽省安慶市2013屆高三模擬考試(三模)語文試題.doc 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫