資源簡介 九年級質(zhì)量檢測語文試題本試卷共6頁,四個大題,23個小題,120分,考試時長120分鐘,考生務必將答案答在答題紙上,在試卷上作答無效,考試結(jié)束后,將試卷和答題紙一并交回。一、積累與運用(20分)1.默寫。(共7分,每小題1分)A.潮平兩岸闊, ▲ 。(王灣《次北固山下》)B. ▲ ,病樹前頭萬木春。 (劉禹錫《酬樂天揚州初逢席上見贈》)C.安得廣廈千萬間, ▲ ,風雨不動安如山。(杜甫《茅屋為秋風所破歌》)D. ▲ ,山是眉峰聚。 (王觀《卜算子·送鮑浩然之浙東》)E.海內(nèi)存知己, ▲ 。 (王勃《送杜少府之任蜀州》)F. ▲ ,固國不以山溪之險,威天下不以兵革之利。(孟子《得道多助,失道寡助》)G.憂郁的日子里需要鎮(zhèn)靜:相信吧, ▲ 。(普希金《假如生活欺騙了你》)2.下列詞語中加點字的讀音完全正確的一項是( )(2分)A.懲罰(chěnɡ) 忍俊不禁 (jīn) 踉踉蹌蹌(qiànɡ) 氣沖斗牛(dǒu)B.棲息(qī) 銳不可當 (dǎnɡ) 頷首低眉(hàn) 惟妙惟肖 (xiào)C.干涸(hé) 咬文嚼字(jiáo) 氣息奄奄(yān) 即物起興 (xìnɡ)D.字帖(tiè) 鱗次櫛比 (zhì) 越俎代庖 (páo) 成吉思汗 (hán)3.下列詞語中沒有錯別字的一項是( )(2分)A.略勝一疇 囊螢映雪 眼花繚亂 佝僂承蜩B.進退維谷 中流砥柱 面面相覷 消聲匿跡C.跋山涉水 唯唯連聲 廣袤無垠 相得益彰D.合轍押韻 恃才放曠 顧名思意 粗制濫造4.閱讀下面這段文字,按要求作答。(共4分,每小題2分)① ▲ !②有人在自我生命中,加入了“正向”“積極”“堅持”“永不放棄”的因數(shù),每天努力朝向自己的目標前進,那么他們的成績就愈來愈亮麗,業(yè)績愈來愈加倍!③可是,有些人偷懶、萎靡、沒有目標、不愿積極行動,那么他們的命運可能就是極普通,甚至是倒退的景象。④“不跪地,怎能聞花香?”一名攝影師說,“要拍出花的氣味,就要蹲下,跪下,以謙卑的態(tài)度貼近花朵!”如果想要有精彩的人生,才必須以積極的實際行動來交換!⑴請在第①段畫線處擬寫一個句子來統(tǒng)領整個語段。(15個字以內(nèi),不要超出空格)(2分)⑵第④段中畫“ ”線的句子有語病,請選用恰當?shù)男薷姆栃薷摹#?分)換用號 增補號 刪除號 調(diào)位號5.名著閱讀。(共5分)走在前邊的老廚子,眼珠通紅,嘴唇發(fā)光,走在后邊的A ,面紅耳熱,一直紅到他脖子下邊的那條大筋。進到祖父屋來,一個說:“酒菜真不錯……”一個說:“……雞蛋湯打得也熱乎。”關(guān)于埋葬團圓媳婦的經(jīng)過,卻先一字未提。好像他們兩個是過年回來的,充滿了歡天喜地的氣象。我問A ,那小團圓媳婦怎么死的,埋葬的情形如何。A 說:“你問這個干什么,人死還不如一只雞……一伸腿就算完事……”⑴上面文段節(jié)選自作家 的《呼蘭河傳》,人物A是 。(2分)⑵結(jié)合選段內(nèi)容,簡要分析A是一個怎樣的人?(3分)二、古詩文閱讀(16分)閱讀下面的古詩文,分別回答問題。(一)蘇幕遮范仲淹碧云天,黃葉地,秋色連波,波上寒煙翠。山映斜陽天接水,芳草無情,更在斜陽外!黯鄉(xiāng)魂,追旅思。夜夜除非,好夢留人睡。明月樓高休獨倚。酒入愁腸,化作相思淚。6. “黯鄉(xiāng)魂,追旅思”一句中,“追”字用得巧妙,其本義是追隨,在句中引申為 的意思,生動表現(xiàn)了 的感情。(2分)7.展開想象,用生動的語言描繪“秋色連波,波上寒煙翠”這一畫面。(50字左右)(3分)(二)馬說韓愈世有伯樂 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \o "歡迎登陸21世紀教育網(wǎng)" \t "_blank ),然后有千里馬 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \o "歡迎登陸21世紀教育網(wǎng)" \t "_blank )。千里馬常有,而伯樂不常有。故雖有名馬,祇辱于奴隸 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \o "歡迎登陸21世紀教育網(wǎng)" \t "_blank )人之手,駢死于槽櫪之間,不以千里稱也。馬之千里者,一食 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \o "歡迎登陸21世紀教育網(wǎng)" \t "_blank )或盡粟 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \o "歡迎登陸21世紀教育網(wǎng)" \t "_blank )一石。食馬者不知其能千里而食也。是馬也,雖有千里之能,食不飽,力不足,才美不外見,且欲與常馬等不可得,安求其能千里也?策之不以其道,食之不能盡其材,鳴之而不能通其意,執(zhí)策而臨之,曰:“天下無馬!”嗚呼!其真無馬邪?其真不知馬也!8.下列句子中加點詞的意義和用法相同的一項是( )(2分)A.①安求其能千里也 ②安陵君其許寡人B.①千里馬常有,而伯樂不常有 ②水落而石出C.①河曲智叟亡以應 ②不以千里稱也D.①鳴之而不能通其意 ②悵恨久之9.用現(xiàn)代漢語翻譯下面的句子。(2分)且欲與常馬等不可得,安求其能千里也?10.本文采用了 的寫法,表達了作者怎樣的思想感情?(3分)(三)昔有一人,先甕①中盛谷。駱駝頭入甕中食谷,首不得出。既不得出,其人以為憂。有一老人來語之曰:“汝莫愁,吾教汝出,汝當斬頭,自能出之。”即用②其語,以刀斬頭。既殺駝,而復破甕。如此癡人,為世人所笑。 (選自《百喻經(jīng)》)【注】① 甕:一種口小腹大的陶器。 ②用:采納。11.解釋下面句中加點的字。(2分)⑴有一老人來語之 語: ⑵既殺駝,而復破甕 既:12.這個故事告訴我們一個什么道理?(2分)三、現(xiàn)代文閱讀(34分)閱讀下面的兩篇文章,分別回答文后的問題。(一)超低溫的奇跡奚同庚①在向絕對零度(指熱力學上的最低溫度)進軍的同時,科學家又在艱辛地探索著低溫世界的許多奧秘。②在低溫世界里,物質(zhì)會發(fā)生人們意想不到的許多奇妙的變化,出現(xiàn)很多非常有趣的物理現(xiàn)象。③在超低溫條件下,許多金屬的性質(zhì)發(fā)生了“脫胎換骨”的變化。韌性本來很好的鋼,變得像陶瓷那樣脆,敲一下它就會粉身碎骨;至于錫,用不著碰它,已經(jīng)變成一堆粉末了;本來能流動的水銀,變得像鐵一般堅硬。當然,也有例外。像銅、鋁和鎳在很低的溫度下,仍然能保持良好的韌性和機械強度。④在超低溫條件下,除了金屬以外,其它物質(zhì)也會發(fā)生面目全非的變化。柔軟而嬌嫩的鮮花在液態(tài)空氣中浸過以后,會變得像玻璃那樣既脆又硬,搖一搖,還會叮當叮當直響;在非常接近絕對零度的時候,氧氣像白色的砂粒,氫氣像石頭一樣硬,各種氣體幾乎全部成了固體。惟一的例外,最能抗凍的是氦氣,它還是液體。不過當氦氣冷到-270.96℃的時候,它竟會變成一種能“爬”善“攀”的液體。⑤如果把一個小杯子放在大杯子里面,小杯子里面盛放著液體的氦,當溫度冷到-270.96℃的時候,小杯子里面的液氦就會自動地沿著杯子的壁向外“爬”出去,流進大杯子里,一直到大、小杯子的液面相平為止。⑥這時候的液體氦,已經(jīng)是一種沒有一點粘滯度的理想流體了。我們把液氦在極低溫下這種自動“爬”出容器的現(xiàn)象,稱為“超流現(xiàn)象”。⑦“超流現(xiàn)象”在生產(chǎn)和科學研究中有什么用處,目前還不清楚。但是,科學家對這種奇異的物理現(xiàn)象極為重視。有人認為,具有超流現(xiàn)象的理想流體是一種新的物質(zhì)形態(tài),它可能也存在于某些崩潰的星核之中。弄清這種新的物質(zhì)形態(tài)的本質(zhì)以后,對于分析宇宙中像脈沖星一類奇異星體的本質(zhì),很可能具有特殊的意義。⑧此外,超低溫技術(shù)對于原子核物理的發(fā)展起著重要的作用。比如,物理學中著名的“宇稱守恒定律” 被否定, 以-270℃下的實驗結(jié)果為依據(jù)的。同樣,依靠超低溫下的實驗結(jié)果,又證實了著名的弱相互作用中的宇稱不守恒理論。⑨低溫世界里的奇妙現(xiàn)象,還有好多,下面我們再著重介紹一個最有趣的物理現(xiàn)象——超導。⑩1911年,荷蘭著名的低溫物理學家卡默林·奧尼斯和他的學生,把水銀冷卻到了-269℃以下,再在已經(jīng)凝成固體的水銀導線上通上幾毫安的電流,然后測量它兩端的電壓。這時突然出現(xiàn)了一個非常奇特的現(xiàn)象:水銀導線的電阻竟然完全消失了。 這一驚人的發(fā)現(xiàn)使師生兩人愣住了。 乍看起來,這個現(xiàn)象簡直是太荒唐了,真叫人不敢相信。為了進一步證實這個奇怪的現(xiàn)象,他們又設計了一個更精密的實驗。把水銀冷到接近絕對零度,用它做成一個環(huán)路,放在一個磁場中。然后把磁場突然撤掉,由于電磁感應作用,在水銀環(huán)路中便產(chǎn)生了一個感應電流。如界水銀內(nèi)確實沒有電阻,感應電流應當毫無損耗地長期流下去。 經(jīng)過幾年的耐心觀察,得到了肯定的結(jié)果:水銀環(huán)路里的電流確實沒有一絲一毫的衰減。這就是說,環(huán)路里的電子,好像坐上了沒有任何阻力和摩擦的轉(zhuǎn)椅那樣,一旦轉(zhuǎn)動起來,就永遠也不肯再停下來。 ▲ 。13.閱讀全文,說說在超低溫下物質(zhì)出現(xiàn)了哪些奇跡。(3分)14.閱讀第⑤段,說一說下面句子中加點詞語的表達作用。(3分)當溫度冷到-270.96℃的時候,小杯子里面的液氦就會自動地沿著杯子的壁向外“爬”出去,流進大杯子里15.文章第④段中畫線句運用了列數(shù)字、________、_______的說明方法,請選擇其中一種,簡要說明表達作用。(4分)表達作用:_________________________ ____________16.下列說法有錯誤的一項是( )(2分)A.第⑨- 段中荷蘭物理學家發(fā)現(xiàn)超導現(xiàn)象的故事讓本文變得生動有趣,可讀性很強。B.第⑧段橫線處可以填入的關(guān)聯(lián)詞語依次是“之所以……就是……”。C.文章第③和第④段的說明順序是由一般到特殊的邏輯順序。D.超流和超導現(xiàn)象在生產(chǎn)和科學研究中都已經(jīng)起到了積極的作用。17.請在文章第 段畫線處補寫一個句子,作為文章的結(jié)尾。(3分)(二)槐花深一寸丁立梅①槐花開的時候,我抽了空去看。人生的旅途說長也長,說短也短,我們能相遇到的花期也有限,我不想錯過每一場花開。②槐花也屬鄉(xiāng)野之花。它比桃花、梨花更與人親,那是因為它心懷甜蜜。記憶中,花開時節(jié),空氣中密布它的香甜,讓你不容忽視。于是鄉(xiāng)下孩子的樂事里,就有這么一件,爬上樹去摘槐花。那也是極盛大的場景,樹上開著槐花,地上掉著槐花,小孩的脖子上、肩上落著槐花,口袋里還塞著一串串白。隨便摘取一朵,放嘴里品咂,甜啊,糖一樣的甜。巧婦會做槐花餅、槐花糖,吃得人打嘴不丟。家里養(yǎng)的羊,那些日子也有了口福,把槐花當正餐吃。③我來賞的這樹槐花,在小城的河邊。小城新辟了沿河觀光帶,這棵槐被當做一景從他處移植過來。其他樹種眾多,獨獨它,只一棵。《周禮·秋官》中記載:周代宮廷外種有三棵槐樹,三公朝見天子時,分別站在那三棵槐樹下。周代的槐,有崇敬的意思在里面。槐又通“懷”,是懷想與守望。我瞎想,我們小城移來這棵槐,是把它當做鎮(zhèn)城之樹的吧?④傍晚時分,光的影漸漸散去,黑暗漸漸加深,及至一樹的白也沒在黑里頭,天便完全黑下來了。這時候 ▲ 。⑤仰頭望向那樹白,心莫名被一種情緒填得滿滿的。說不清那情緒到底是什么。那一刻,時間停頓,風不吹,云不走,仿佛什么都想了,又什么都沒有想。這是人生的態(tài)度,我更愿意把它理解為本能,是由不得你的。⑥微笑。想起那首出名的山西民歌《我望槐花幾時開》。歌里唱:“高高山上一樹槐/手把欄桿望郎來/娘問女兒你望啥子/我望槐花幾時開……”盼郎來的女兒家,心焦焦卻偏不承認,偏把相思推給無辜的槐花:“哎呀呀,槐花槐花,你咋還沒有開?”這里的槐花,浸染上人間情思,惹人愛憐。⑦一對老夫妻,晚飯后出來散步。他們嘮嗑的聲音隱約傳來,如蟲子在鳴唱。他們走過我身邊,奇怪地看看我,并沒有停下他們的腳步。卻在離我有一段距離后,一個問:“人家在看什么呢?”一個答:“看槐花唄。”一個說:“哦,槐花開了呀。”一個笑答:“是啊,開了。”他們的聲音,漸漸融入夜色里,融入槐花的甜里去,直至無痕。⑧我喜歡這樣的一問一答,不落空,相依為命。我愿意,老了時,也有這樣一個人陪在我身邊,聽我說一些可有可無的話,然后一一應答。這是最凡俗的,而又是最接近幸福的。⑨風吹,有花落下來。我撿一串攥手心里,清涼的感覺在掌中彌漫。白居易寫槐花:“薄暮宅門前,槐花深一寸。”我以為這是花落景象。古人尚不知花可吃,或者,知可吃而不吃,是為惜花。他們?nèi)斡苫被ㄗ蚤_自落,一徑落下去,在地上鋪了足有一寸深的白。真是奢侈了那一方土地,埋了那么多香甜的魂。(選自《瓶子里的春天》,文章有刪改)18.通讀全文,填空。(4分)(A)記憶里,在“我”心目中槐花是 ;(B)而今,賞那一樹白,體會到人生的沉靜、閑適和美好;(C)遇到一對老夫妻,“我”悟到 。19. 品析下面句中加點詞語的表達效果。(3分)他們的聲音,漸漸融入夜色里,融入槐花的甜里去,直至無痕。20. 聯(lián)系上下文,在第④段,補寫一段描繪景色的句子。(不少于30字)(4分)30字21.閱讀下面的《秋涼閑臥》,說一說白居易和丁立梅的“槐花深一寸”用意有何異同。(4分)秋涼閑臥白居易殘暑晝猶長,早涼秋尚嫩。露荷散清香,風竹含疏韻。幽閑竟日臥,衰病無人問。薄暮宅門前,槐花深一寸。相同點:不同點:22.結(jié)合生活實際,談談你對第①段中“人生的旅途說長也長,說短也短,我們能相遇到的花期也有限,我不想錯過每一場花開”一句的理解。(4分)四、作文(50分)23.請以“前行,在 中”為題目,按要求寫一篇文章。要求:①先將題目補充完整;②可以大膽選擇你最能駕馭的文體,寫你最熟悉的內(nèi)容,表達你的真情實感;③不少于600字(如寫作詩歌不要少于20行);④文中不要出現(xiàn)真實的校名、姓名;⑤不得抄襲。語文參考答案與評分標準(閱卷討論稿)一、積累與運用(20分)1. A. 風正一帆懸 B. 沉舟側(cè)畔千帆過 C. 大庇天下寒士俱歡顏D. 水是眼波橫 E. 天涯若比鄰 F. 域民不以山溪之險G. 快樂的日子將會來臨評分意見:本題共7分。每小題1分,句子填寫正確且無錯別字方可得分。2. D 評分意見:本題2分。3. C 評分意見:本題2分。4. ⑴積極與懈怠會造就迥然不同(截然不同)的命運(人生)。學生答案:(2)把“才”改為“就”評分意見:本題共4分。每小題2分。(1)題能準確概括語段內(nèi)容,即可得分。(2)題能恰當選用修改符號正確修改病句即可得分。5. (1)蕭紅 有二伯(2)示例:有二伯和 “我”談及小團圓媳婦的死因及埋葬情形時,竟然說:“你問這個干什么,人死還不如一只雞……一伸腿就算完事……”,從中我們看到了有二伯的冷漠、麻木。學生答案:評分意見:本題共5分。(1)題共2分,每空1分;(2)題共3分,人物形象把握正確得2分,能結(jié)合選段內(nèi)容正確分析得1分。二、古詩文閱讀6.糾纏,纏住不放 鄉(xiāng)思旅愁(或羈旅鄉(xiāng)愁)。學生答案:評分意見:本題共2分。每空1分,意思對即可。7. 碧藍的天上漂浮著幾朵白云,枯黃的樹葉落滿大地,這一望的秋色綿延到水邊,水波上籠罩著翠綠的寒煙。學生答案:評分意見:本題共3分。想象合理,畫面描述完整占2分,語言生動流暢占1分8.D 評分意見:本題2分。9.想要它和普通的馬一樣尚且不可能,怎么能要求它日行千里呢?評分意見:本題共2分。重點詞“且” “等”“安” “千里”翻譯正確,且語句通順即可得2分。重點詞的翻譯,錯一個扣1分;扣完2分為止。10.托物寓意(或借物喻人) 懷才不遇,壯志難酬(或?qū)y(tǒng)治者埋沒、摧殘人才的憤懣和控訴)。學生答案:評分意見:本題共2分。填空占1分;思想感情占2分,意思對即可得分。11.(1)告訴 (2)已經(jīng)評分意見:本題共2分。每空1分。12.遇到問題,不可盲目聽從他人建議,否則會把事情弄糟;應開動腦筋,積極思考,將事情考慮周全再去做,效果方好。學生答案:評分意見:本題共2分。能正確概括道理,即可得分。三、現(xiàn)代文閱讀13.許多金屬的性質(zhì)發(fā)生了脫胎換骨的變化;金屬以外的其它物質(zhì)也會發(fā)生面目全非的變化(超流現(xiàn)象);超導現(xiàn)象。 評分意見:共3分,答出一點得一分。14.“爬”是爬行的意思,運用了比擬的修辭手法,將溫度冷到-270.96℃時的液體氦賦予生命,形象地寫出了在-270.96℃下液體氦沿著杯壁移動的奇妙情景,展現(xiàn)了低溫下的奇跡,體現(xiàn)了說明文語言的生動性。學生答案:評分意見:共3分,詞語解釋1分,修辭方法占1分,結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容談表達作用1分;意思對即可得分。15.作比較,打比方。示例1:這一句運用作比較的說明方法;把超低溫下的氧氣、氫氣和氦氣進行比較,突出了在超低溫條件下各種物質(zhì)發(fā)生變化的不同。示例2:這一句運用打比方的說明方法;將超低溫下的氧氣和氫氣比作白色的砂粒和堅硬的石頭,形象生動地說明了超低溫下氧氣和氫氣發(fā)生的奇妙變化。學生答案:評分意見:本題共4分。正確指出說明方法得2分,結(jié)合句意分析作用占2分。16. D 評分意見:本題3分。17.示例:低溫的世界多么奇妙,那里還有很多的奧秘等待著我們?nèi)ヌ剿鳎矔懈嗟钠孥E出現(xiàn)在艱辛探索的道路上。評分意見:本題共3分,照應文章的開頭,答出低溫世界的奇妙,有很多奧秘等待探索即可得分。18.A心懷甜蜜的 C平凡最接近幸福評分意見:本題共4分,每空2分,意思對即可得分。19.“融入”,是融解進入的意思。這里作者運用反復的修辭手法,寫出了老夫妻的對話與夜色和那一樹槐花很好的融合在一起,強調(diào)了老夫妻樸實的話語讓“我”感受到生活美好甜蜜,讓“我”感動并陶醉其中。學生答案:評分意見:本題共3分。正確理解“融入”的意義得1分,修辭方法占1分,能把“融入”的表達作用闡釋清楚得1分。20. 示例:賞花變得純粹,周遭的黑暗做了底子,槐花的白跳躍出來,是黑布上繡的白花。評分意見:本題共4分。符合語境占2分,恰當運用修辭方法占1分,語言流暢占1分。字數(shù)過多或過少扣1分。學生答案:21.相同點:寫出槐花落在地上的多和厚;借景抒情;不同點:白詩借槐花烘托詩人“衰病無人問”的落寞、孤寂、惆悵之情;丁立梅的文章寫槐花是為了表達對槐花的喜愛之情,對平凡生活的贊美。評分意見:相同點2分,答對一點即可;不同點2分。22.示例:在我們的生命長河中會遇到很多美好和幸福,有視我們?yōu)樯陌职謰寢專惺冀K陪在我們身邊的朋友,有用目光注視我們前行的老師,他們都是一場場花開,珍惜這一樹的繁華,讓這清香和記憶充盈在我們的心間。評分意見:本題共4分,觀點正確占3分,語言流暢占1分。50字2013年九年級學業(yè)水平模擬考試英語試題本試題分為第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分。共120分。第Ⅰ卷(選擇題 共85分)Ⅰ、聽力測試聽錄音,在每組句子中選出一個你所聽到的句子,每個句子聽一遍。(5分)1.A.My father is an English teacher. B.I want a pen pal in China.C.I won’t spend time with her sometime.2.A.Is this your backpack B.Do you like rock music, Linda C.Does the boy often go to the movies 3. A.Here are some of my photos. B.I don’t like taking a shower in the morning.C.Dave has to be in bed early every night.4. A.What is the weather like now B.Can you tell me where’s your backpack C.Why don’t you buy a black car 5. A.I think that’s interesting enough.B.Be sure to come here on time if you come to our party.C.Please tell all the people you know about the news.B) 聽錄音,從每題A、B、C三幅圖畫中選出與聽到的對話內(nèi)容相符的一項。每段對話聽兩遍。(5分)6. A B C7. A. B. C.8. A. B. C.9. A. B. C.10.A. B. C.C)在錄音中,你將聽到一段對話及五個問題。請根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容及問題選擇正確答案。對話及問題聽兩遍。(5分)11. A. Mary B. Mr. White C. Peter12. A. Yes, he can. B. Yes, he is. C. No, he isn’t.13. A. At half past five. B. At five. C. At four.14. A. At school. B. At Yishanyuan restaurant. C. At home.15. A. By bike. B. By bus. C. On foot.D)在錄音中,你將聽到一篇短文及五個問題。請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及問題選擇正確答案。短文及問題聽兩遍。(5分)16. A.West China. B.East China. C.North China.17. A.The students’ headmaster. B.The students’ friend. C.The students’ teacher.18. A. Clothes. B.Money. C.Books.19. A. For three years. B. For five years. C. For two years.20. A.No,he didn`t. B. Yes,he did. C.The story didn’t tell us.Ⅱ.讀音選詞 根據(jù)所給句子的句意及音標選擇正確答案。(5分)21. I want to know what he will ______ \ luk\ like in ten years. A. book B. look C. loud D. lock22. When did you get your first _________ /pe / of skates A. part B. pair C. pool D. pear23. Jinan is becoming a more _____/'l vl / city, isn’t it A.lovely B. living C.lively D.lonely24.How long have you been ______ /k 'lekt /shells A. collect B. collecting C. correct D. complain25.Please read the ___________/ ins'tr k n /carefully before you use it.A.international B. influence C. instead D. instructionIII.選擇填空 從每題A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出一個最佳答案。(30分)26.We’ll see an even stronger China in ________ future.A. the B. an C. a D. /27.We need to come up with an _______ and make a decision at once.A. way B. idea C. news D.decision28. —I’m afraid I can’t walk to Quancheng Square . It’s too far.— You can ride ________ bike.A. my B.mine C.my D.I29. Water is very important for us and no one can live ________ it.A. without B. besides C. except D. with30. — _______ is it from your home to the science museum — It is about ten minutes’ bus ride .A. How far B. How long C. How soon D. How31. About _______ of the students this year were born in the 1990s.A. three five B. three fifths C. third fifths D. third fifth32. —Is breakfast ________meal of the day — Yes, it provides us with energy after a long night .A.the most important B.very important C.more important D.important33. I have ever lived in New York and London, _________ I don’t like either city.A. so B. though C. because D. but34. — Could we see each other at nine o’clock tomorrow morning — Sorry, let’s make it ________time.A. the other B. another C. other D. else35. Don’t __________ too late, or you will feel tired in class.A. stay up B. make up C. set up D. show up36. — We like Zhang Lili , the most beautiful teacher .— Yes, she is _________ popular with her students.A. sometimes B.never C.always D.hardly37.Which of the following signs means ”recycle” A. B. C. D.38.—It’s such a long way.What shall I do —You _________take my car if you want.A.could B. must C.shall D. will39.— Have you heard the song Take Me to Your Heart —Yes, I think it _________ so terrible.A. sounds B. tastes C. looks D. feels40. — ___________. — Quite good.A.What kind of books do you like best B. What do you think of the suggestion C. How do you do D.Why do you come back late these days 41.The old lady is ________ kind that she gave away all her money to a charity.A. very B. such C. quite D. so42. —Did you let anyone water the flowers —Yes, I had them _________.A. watered B. water C. to water D. watering43. —You didn’t go to school yesterday, did you — __________ , though there was a heavy rain.A. No, I didn’t. B. Yes, I did. C. No, I did. D. Yes, I didn’t.44.In Jinan, most students in middle schools must _____school uniforms on school days.A. wear B. put on . C. dress D. dress up45. — ________ did he come to the police station — He came here to ask the police for help.A.How B.What C.When D.Why46.—Would you please _______the paper for me and see if there are any mistakes — I’d love to.A.look through B.look for C.look around D.look after47.—Let’s be volunteers to help the old in trouble. —__________.A.The same to you. B.Here you are. C.Good idea. D.Nice to meet you.48. The doctor did everything _________ the girl who was badly hurt in the accident.A . saving B. save C.to save D.saved49. I enjoy fresh air, so I always sleep with the windows open _______ it is really cold.A. unless B. if C. when D.as50.— We find _______ impossible to learn a foreign language in such a short time.— I think so.A.that B. it C. this D. one51. —Excuse me, could you wake me up when my friend _________ here — Of course. But we don’t know when he will come here.A. comes B. will come C. come D.came52. _________ beautiful the music sounds!A.How B.What C.What a D.How a53. These days, computers ________ people do many things.A. used to help B. are used to helping C. are used to help D. used to helping54. Everyone except Tom ________in the museum for two hours.A. has gone to B. has been in C. have gone to D. have been in55.— I wonder _________. — I’m afraid we’ll be late.A. how can we be on time B. when they will reach the stationC. why they got to school late D. if we’ll be at the meeting on timeⅣ.完形填空 閱讀短文,從每題A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出一個能填入文章中相應空白處的最佳答案。(10分)One Saturday afternoon, Sarah went to buy something for her sister and herself. As Sarah was coming out of a 56_ , a young lady walked towards her. She said she was Miss Green—a goodfriend of Sarah’s sister’s. Sarah ___57___ her. Then she called a taxi to send Sarah home. She told the driver where he should go. Sarah was___58___that it was not in the direction of her home.“Why ” Sarah asked. The lady smiled.When they came to a quiet road, a big rough man ___59___on the road. He stopped the taxi driver, knocked him down, tied him and threw him___60____ the taxi. At the same time, Miss Green took out a knife to make Sarah keep quiet . The man then started the taxi. “ Oh, God! I’m being kidnapped(綁架),” Sarah said to herself.She tried to escape, but didn’t succeed. Suddenly an ___61___came to her. She took out a lipstick(口紅) from her pocket, wrote “SOS” on the window, and covered the word with her___62___. A few minutes later, a police car passed and the policemen saw the ___63___. When the kidnappers saw the policemen, they stopped the taxi, jumped into the grass, and ran away.The policemen then picked up Sarah and sent her home. When her parents knew ___64___had happened, they were greatly surprised. But they were also happy because their daughter had finally come back ___65___.56. A. school B. taxi C. shop D. friend’s57. A. knew B. believed C. thanked D. remembered58. A. surprising B. excited C. surprised D. pleased59. A. drove B. climbed C. fell D. appeared60. A. out from B. out of C. away D. on61. A. idea B. answer C. interest D. order62. A. fingers B. back C. dress D. lipstick63. A. picture B. map C. sign D. knife64. A. what B. that C. who D. if65. A. clearly B. friendly C. successfully D. safelyⅤ.補全對話 閱讀對話,從每題A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出一個最佳答案完成對話。(5分)A:I have never been late for school, but yesterday morning…B:66____________A:I overslept. I had wactched a football mactch the night before last. When I went to bed,it was very late .B:67___________A:Yes .But it didn’t go off.B:You had to rush , didn’t you A:Yes. I took a shower and then ran off to the bus stop without breakfast. By the time I got to the stop ,the bus had left .B:68 Then _____________A:I had to take a taxi. When I got on the taxi , I suddenly found out I had left my purse at home .I had to ring my English teacher to meet me at the gate .B:So you could get to school on time , couldn’t you A:Unfortunately it was rush hour . The car was as slow as I was taking a walk .B:69____________A:You are right . I got to school very late .B:What a pity! 70__________________66. A.What happened B.Did you get up late C.Was there anything wrong D.What do you do 67 A.Did you have to call your teacher B.How did you get to school C.Were you late for school D.Do you have an alarm o’clock 68. A.what did your mother do B. how did you go to school C.was your teacher very angry D.did your father drive you to school 69. A.You have to walk slowly . B.Your mother must be very annoyed.C.You have to get out of the taxi. D.You must be late for class,right?70. A.How disappointed! B.I’m sorry to hear that .C.You’re lucky. D. I think you tried your best.Ⅵ.閱讀理解 閱讀下列短文,從每題A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出一個能回答所提問題或完成所給句子的最佳答案。(15分)AMr. and Mrs. Brown lived in a house near New York. They had only one child and he was very young. Mr. Brown often came back home from work very late when his wife and child were asleep. He usually opened the front door with his key and came into the room quietly.One night he forgot to bring his key. He had to ring the doorbell,but his wife didn’t wake up. He rang it again. Again nothing happened. Then Mr. Brown knocked at the bedroom window and even shouted loudly. Still his wife didn’t wake up. He thought for a moment. At last he had an idea. Then he began to speak like a small child. “Mom!’’ he said,‘‘I want to drink some water.” His wife woke up right now and opened the door for him.71. How many children did Mr. and Mrs. Brown have A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. None.72. What did Mr. Brown usually bring with him A. His wife’s key B. His key to the front doorC. His child’s toy car D. His doorbell73. Why couldn’t Mr. Brown open the door A. Because he came back late. B. Because his wife and child were not at home.C. Because he spoke like a small child. D. Because he forgot to bring his key with him.74. What did Mr. Brown do at last in order to wake up his wife A. Ring the doorbell. B. Knock at the window.C. Speak like a small child. D. Shout loudly.75. ______ opened the door at last.A. Mr. Brown B. Nobody C. Mrs. Brown D. The childBChinese writer Mo Yan has won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature(文學). He is the first Chinese who lives and works in China to win the prize.Mo Yan, the pen-name for Guan Moye, was born in 1955 and grew up in Gaomi in Shandong province in eastern China. His parents were farmers. He left school to work at the age of 12, first on the farm, later in a factory. In 1976 he joined the PLA and during this time he began to study literature and writing . His first short story was published in 1981.He has written many famous books about his childhood and his hometown. The novel Hong gaoliang jiazu is one of them. It tells five stories that took place in Gaomi during the 1930s and 1940s. The book was published in 1987 and translated into English in 1993. It was made into a popular movie in 1987 by the well-known director Zhang Yimou.Besides his novels, Mo Yan has published many short stories and essays(散文). He is regarded as one of the greatest writers in China. Many of his books have been translated into English, French and many other languages.The Nobel Prizes were set up by Alfred Nobel , a great Swedish inventor, in 1895. The winner will win a medal, a diploma(證書) and a cash award of 8 million Swedish Kronor (about 7 million yuan).76.When did Mo Yan leave school to work on the farm A. In 1955 B. In 1967 C. In 1976 D. In 198177. What can we know from the second paragraph A. Mo Yan lived a hard life when he was young.B. Mo Yan’s family was rich when he was young.C. Mo Yan had good education in his early life.D. Mo Yan liked writing when he worked in the factory.78. Which is NOT true about Mo Yan’s books A. Most of the stories happened in his hometown.B. They have been translated into foreign languages.C. They have been made into movies by Zhang Yimou.D. They are not only novels but also short stories and essays.79. What was Alfred Nobel A. He was a poet. B. He was a director. C. He was an inventor. D. He was a writer.80. What is mainly talked about in the passage A. Mo Yan has written many famous books.B. Mo Yan’s stories have been translated into foreign languages.C. Alfred Nobel set up the Nobel Prizes.D. Mo Yan has won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature.CYANG Nan, 17, was happy to move to her new home in a northern area of Beijing. She was told that her neighborhood used to be rich farmland planted with vegetables, corn and wheat. But looking at the new road, beautiful parks and supermarkets, to her surprise, Yang couldn't see any sign that food was once grown there.Yang is not alone. In recent years, many Chinese people have moved into new houses in country areas. Tall buildings have been built everywhere in the suburbs. The crops and fruit trees are no more grown there. But these changes have caused big problems too, warns Gan Zang chun, an official (官員) at the Ministry of Land and Resources (國土資源部)."Chinese cities are growing very fast. This has made the area for farmland much smaller than before. This is really bad for the country's ability(能力) to grow food, not to mention the lives of farmers," said Gan last Monday.As the population of China is growing all the time, the country needs more farmland to grow food for the increasing people of China. But the recent rise in house prices has made selling land a good business. A lot of land has been used to build new houses for sale. So you can see, the shortage of the farmland is now a very serious problem.Pollution, such as, oil pollution ,industrial(工業(yè)的) pollution and water pollution, which makes land useless, is another reason for the big drop in China's farmland. About 2.67 million square kilometers of land in China have been polluted and turned into dessert.Today , can we use less farmland to have more people enough food Of course not! The government wants China to have at least 120 million hectares (公頃) of farmland. Only in this way can we raise such a big population. But there are only about 121.8 million hectares left. "It will be really difficult to reach the goal", Gan said. He said that the government would fight illegal (非法的) land use and something useful must be done to stop farmland from becoming dessert.81. The article seems to tell us that ___________.A. farmland is in danger B. countryside is turned into townsC. farmland has been sold D. Chinese cities are growing fast82. From what Gan Zangchun said, he is worrying about ____________.A. China’s development is too slow B. The population of China is growing fastC. Chinese people have worse life than beforeD. the reduction(減少)and pollution of the farmland83. What size of the land have been polluted and turned into dessert A.120 million hectares. B.121.8 million hectares.C.2.67 million square kilometres. D.Millions of square kilometres.84. Which statement of the following is NOT true A.YANG Nan’s new home is in a northern area of Beijing.B.The country needs enough farmland so that the farmers can grow enough food for the people of China.C.Chinese cities are growing too slowly so the government encourage people to change the farmland into towns .D.Pollution is also an important reason for the big drop in China's farmland.85.What will the government do with the problem of the drop in China’s farmland A.Government needs farmland to grow food for the people of China.B.Government will order not to build new towns any more.C.Government will stop the growth of the cities in order to stop selling farmland forbusiness.D.Government will fight illegal (非法的) land use and stop farmland from becomingdessert.第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題 共35分)Ⅶ.選詞填空(10分)A. 閱讀短文,從方框中選擇適當?shù)膯卧~填空。(每詞限用一次)(5分)It’s a wonderful place to have (86)____________. It’s famous for many kinds of (87) __________ fruits and special local food . Besides that, (88 ) ___________ you came here,You can enjoy the (89) __________and mountains wherever you are, you will be impressed by the friendly local people .For your ( 90 ) __________vacation , why not consider travelling to Jinan B 閱讀短文,從方框中選出適當?shù)脑~,并用其適當形式填空。有的需要加助動詞或不定式符號。(5分)Alice Pyne, a 15-year-old girl, (91)__________against cancer for four years. But she's recently found out that her illness was worse. And she only has short time left. Instead of (92)__________, the teenage girl has decided to enjoy the time she has on Earth. So a few months ago, she(93)__________ a blog(博客) listing all the things she'd like to do before she leaves the world. She said “Something (94)__________before I leave.” At present, the things she (95)____________ to do include making everyone donate his own marrow(骨髓) to save other people and so on.Ⅷ.改寫句子 按括號中的要求完成句子,每個空格填一個單詞。(5分)96.We did housework at home yesterday.(變否定句)We _________ __________housework at home yesterday.97.She has made lots of movies in the last few years. (劃線提問)_________ has she _________in the last few years?98.My mother asked me, “Are you having breakfast outside ”(合并成一句,句意不變)My mother asked me _________I _________ having breakfast at home.99. We cheered him up by telling the exciting news to him. (改寫句子,句意不變)After hearing of the exciting news, he ___________ ____________ up .100.Because of too much pressure, we are supposed to stay away from unhealthy lifestyles . (改寫句子,句意不變)We should ___________ __________unhealthy lifestyles because there’s too much pressure.Ⅸ.完成句子 根據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子,每個空格填一個單詞。(5分)101.你的房間一團糟,清掃一下吧!Your room is a real mess, ___________ it ___________please!102.到目前為止越來越多的人對英語感興趣。More and more people have _________ an __________ ___________English so far.103.中國領導人對非洲的成功訪問顯示了中國對非洲人民具有極大的吸引力。The great success of the Chinese leaders’ visit to Africa showed many __________ _________ African people.104. H7N9禽流感病毒的來襲一定會引起雞肉價格的狂跌.A huge decrease(下降) in chicken prices __________ __________ _________ by the assaultof H7N9.Ⅹ.任務型閱讀 閱讀短文,按要求完成各題。(5分)In the past twenty years, riding bicycles has become more and more popular among people of all ages. Bicycles have long played an important part in the lives of American young people. But today an even greater number of adults cycle along roadsides and bicycle paths. These new riders are often trying to become fit or lose weight. They have found that bicycling is a pleasant way to stay healthy.This is certainly good for health. But it has also brought some problems. With all these added people on the road, bicycle safety has become a matter of real importance.Bicycle safety is mostly a matter of common sense. People should ride only on bicycle paths where they will not be badly hurt. There are also a number of rules that riders should follow, especially when riding on streets or highways. Bicyclists should never ride against the traffic, nor should they carry other people on their bicycles. They are also supposed to ride in single line on busy streets and to “walk bicycles across the busy intersections(交叉路口)”. By following these rules, bicycle riders will not only stay healthy but also be safe.In one recent year, the National Safety Council reported that 34 thousand bicycle riders were hurt in highway accidents. In that same year, another six hundred riders were killed. Since the introduction of crash helmets(頭盔) in 1980, the number of injuries(傷者) and deaths from bicycling accidents had gone down. Today, more and more riders realize the dangers of bicycling. They are wearing helmets and paying closer attention to cycling rules.105.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成句子(每空限填一個單詞)After the third paragraph of the passage, we know bicyclists aren’t supposed to ride _________the traffic or give others a _________ on their bicycles.106.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成句子(每空限填一個單詞)After crash helmets were ________ in 1980, fewer people got injured and even fewer people __________from bicycling accidents.107.根據(jù)短文回答問題。According to the National Safety Council’s report, what’s the total number of injuries in one recent year __________________________________________________________________________108.把文中畫線的句子翻譯成漢語。__________________________________________________________________________109.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容用一個完整的英文句子(限10個詞以內(nèi))回答問題。What is the main idea of the passage ___________________________________________________________________________Ⅺ.書面表達(10分)根據(jù)所給圖畫,寫一篇約80詞的短文。要求完整敘述故事內(nèi)容。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________姓名: 準考證號密 封 線 內(nèi) 不 要 答 題姓名: 準考證號密 封 線 內(nèi) 不 要 答 題姓名: 準考證號密 封 線 內(nèi) 不 要 答 題fun lakes next when tastydo, want, fight, create, frustrate絕密★啟用前2013年初三年級學業(yè)水平模擬考試物理、化學試題(2013.04)第Ⅰ卷(選擇題 共34分)【物理部分】12.下列人類已發(fā)現(xiàn)的組成物質(zhì)的粒子中,空間尺度最小的是A.質(zhì)子 B.原子 C.中子 D.夸克13.從環(huán)保角度講,凡是影響正常的生活、學習、工作和休息的不適當光照就可以認為是光污染。建筑物的玻璃幕墻、釉面磚墻和磨光的大理石都能造成光污染,形成光污染的主要原因是由于A.光的折射 B.光的反射C.光的色散 D.光沿直線傳播14.激光指示器,又稱為激光筆。惡意使用是極為危險的,會造成暫時性甚至永久性視力損傷。其核心部件發(fā)光二極管的材料是A.半導體材料 B.超導體材料 C.納米材料 D.復合材料15.下列能源中屬于不可再生能源的是A.風能 B.水能 C.化石能源 D.動植物能16.下列四幅實驗裝置都是用來研究電與磁的,其中制造電風扇依據(jù)的原理圖是17.人從沙灘上走向深水的過程中,會感覺身體越來越輕。同學們針對這一現(xiàn)象,經(jīng)過討論提出了如下四個科學問題,其中較為合理的是A.浮力的大小與哪些因素有關(guān)B.浮力的大小是否與人的重力有關(guān)C.浮力的大小是否與液體的密度有關(guān)D.浮力的大小是否與浸在液體中的深度有關(guān)18.目前有一種新型太陽能公共衛(wèi)生間,該衛(wèi)生間的能源全部由位于頂部的太陽能電池板提供,它還能將多余的能量儲存在蓄電池里。這種能量轉(zhuǎn)化和儲存的方式是A. 太陽能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能,再轉(zhuǎn)化為化學能 B.太陽能轉(zhuǎn)化為內(nèi)能,再轉(zhuǎn)化為電能C. 太陽能轉(zhuǎn)化為內(nèi)能,再轉(zhuǎn)化為化學能 D.大陽能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能.再轉(zhuǎn)化為光能19. “探究凸透鏡成像規(guī)律” 的實驗中,凸透鏡焦距是5cm。如圖1所示的情景,眼睛可能觀察到燭焰經(jīng)凸透鏡成倒立、放大像的是20.小燈泡突然燒壞,有時在開關(guān)閉合的狀態(tài)下用指甲蓋彈擊幾下,它就會重新亮起來,并且比燒壞前還要亮。下面幾句是對此的解釋:①燈絲中的電流變大。②燈絲重新搭上后會變短,電阻變小。③重新搭上后比燒壞前還要亮。④實際電功率也變大。正確排列順序是A.②①④③ B.②①③④ C.②③④① D.①②④③21.如圖2所示是人們在家庭用電中的幾種做法。其中正確的是22.如圖3所示電路中,電源電壓恒定,R1為定值電阻,R2為滑動變阻器。閉合開關(guān)S后,滑動變阻器滑片P自b向a移動的過程中,電表的變化情況是A.A的示數(shù)變小,V1的示數(shù)不變,V2的示數(shù)變小B.A的示數(shù)變小,V1的示數(shù)不變,V2的示數(shù)變大C.A的示數(shù)變大,V1的示數(shù)變大,V2的示數(shù)變小D.A的示數(shù)變大,V1的示數(shù)變小,V2的示數(shù)變大二、多項選擇題(本大題共4小題,每小題3分,共12分。每小題給出的四個選項中,至少有兩個選項符合題目的要求)23.在物理學習過程中,經(jīng)常需要進行估測。以下估測較為符合實際的是A.十枚山雞蛋質(zhì)量大約是500g B.人脈搏跳動一次用時約為1sC.濟南市北園高架路限速80m/s D.每張紙的厚度約為1mm24.清明小長假,小樂和同學到“天下第一泉”景區(qū)游玩。善于觀察和思考的小樂發(fā)現(xiàn)許多與物理相關(guān)的現(xiàn)象并給同學做出解釋如下,其中合理的是A.五龍?zhí)痘ㄏ汴囮嚕肿釉谟啦煌O⒌剡\動B.劃槳蕩舟大明湖,利用了省力杠桿的知識C.波濤聲震大明湖,形容趵突泉噴涌時音調(diào)高D.護城河航線上的船閘,運用了連通器的原理25.如圖4所示,物理實驗經(jīng)常用到“斜面”。課本中的下列實驗用到“斜面”的是A.科學探究速度的變化B.滑動摩擦力與哪些因素有關(guān)C.科學探究牛頓第一定律D.動能的大小與哪些因素有關(guān)26.物理與生活密切相連,下列生活實例用物理現(xiàn)象解釋正確的是A.琴師用松香擦二胡弓弦——減小摩擦 B.天壇公園回音壁——聲音的反射C.風扇扇葉下有很多灰塵——摩擦起電 D.用吸管吸飲料——大氣壓強現(xiàn)象絕密★啟用前歷下區(qū)2013年初三年級學業(yè)水平模擬考試物理、化學試題第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題 共56分)注意事項:1.第Ⅱ卷為非選擇題,請考生用藍、黑色鋼筆(簽字筆)或圓珠筆直接在試卷上作答,作圖題可用鉛筆作答。2.答卷前,請考生先將考點、姓名、準考證號、座號填寫在試卷規(guī)定的位置。3.本考試不允許使用計算器。三、非選擇題(本大題共11小題,共56分)【物理部分】27.(4分)遼寧號航空母艦可搭載40架各型艦載機。如圖5所示,在艦載機起飛后,它受到的浮力將___________(選填“增大”、“減小”或“不變”)。遼寧號與執(zhí)行任務的艦載機之間的通訊聯(lián)系是利用_____________波來工作的。28.(4分)水平路面上勻速行駛的灑水車正在灑水作業(yè),它的機械能將_____________(選填“增大”、“減小”或“不變”)。灑在柏油馬路上的水很快就消失了,發(fā)生的物態(tài)變化是______________。29.(4分)如圖6所示是能自動追蹤太陽的太陽灶,其成本低,環(huán)保無污染。它和凸透鏡一樣對光線有___________作用,焦斑最高溫度可達到1500℃。太陽灶對水壺加熱是利用了______________的方式增加水的內(nèi)能。30.(4分)說明圖7所示圖文中所蘊含的物理知識或解釋現(xiàn)象例如:圖A中的圖文說明 勞動時利用慣性 。⑴圖B中的圖文說明___________________________________________________。⑵圖C中的圖文說明___________________________________________________。31.(3分)如圖8所示,重5N的小球沿斜面自由滾下。請在圖中畫出其重力示意圖。32. (3分)小青同學在家長的幫助下自制了一個調(diào)光臺燈。他們使用的器材有插頭、電位器(滑動變阻器)、開關(guān)、白熾燈、導線等。圖9的方框內(nèi)已畫出了臺燈連接線的插頭部分,請你在圖中完成該臺燈的內(nèi)部電路原理圖。33.(8分)某學校為美化校園環(huán)境從長清區(qū)一采石場訂購了一塊底面積約5 m2、平均高度2.6 m的泰山石。采石場距學校72 km,施工方的載重汽車早4:30出發(fā),平均速度10 m/s。已知:泰山石的密度ρ =2.6×103kg/m3,取g =10N/kg,請通過計算回答:⑴施工方幾點能到達學校?⑵該泰山石的質(zhì)量是多少?⑶該石對水平地面的壓強多大?⑷經(jīng)測算,安放該石的地面無法承受如此大的壓強,請?zhí)岢鼋鉀Q方案并說明理由。34.(8分)如圖10所示為某品牌的即熱式電熱水器,采用“BASE”加熱體,通水才通電,打開出水口幾秒鐘就能流出熱水,不用即停,節(jié)約電力能源。該電熱水器的部分技術(shù)參數(shù)和銅芯線長期負載電流與導線橫截面積的關(guān)系見下表。型 號 額定功率 額定電壓 額定頻率 額定壓力 超溫保護D31﹣65 6600W 220V 50Hz 0.6Mpa 60℃導線橫截面積S/mm2 1 1.5 2.5 4 6銅芯線允許長期負載電流I/A 6~8 8~16 16~25 25~32 32~40⑴若電費為0.6元/kW·h,該熱水器在額定電壓下平均每天使用30min,該熱水器一個月(按30天計算)的電費為多少元?⑵通過計算說明安裝該電熱水器時,至少應選擇哪種型號的銅芯導線?⑶某年久小區(qū)住戶安裝了該熱水器后,總開關(guān)經(jīng)常跳閘,請分析原因并從安全用電角度給出合理建議。35.(6分)小青用如圖11所示的電路探究“電阻中的電流跟它兩端電壓的關(guān)系”,圖12是小青未完成連接的實驗電路。⑴現(xiàn)要求滑動變阻器滑片向左移動時,電流表示數(shù)增大。請你用筆畫線代替導線,完成圖中實驗電路的連接。⑵小青在實驗中通過調(diào)節(jié)滑動變阻器滑片,測出通過電阻R的不同電流和對應的電壓值,如下表所示。實驗次數(shù) 1 2 3 4 5 6電壓U / V 0.5 1.0 1.6 1.9 2.5 3.0電流 I / A 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6根據(jù)實驗數(shù)據(jù)可得出初步結(jié)論是_________________________________________________________________________________________________________。⑶本實驗結(jié)束后,她想把實驗電路中的電阻R更換成一個額定電壓為3.8V、阻值約為10Ω的小燈泡后,進行“測量小燈泡的額定電功率”的實驗,則對實驗電路必須進行的改動是_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。36.(6分)盛夏將至,太陽光中的紫外線很容易使皮膚曬黑。為此“第一泉中學”的同學想探究衣服的防曬效果。⑴如圖13所示,讓陽光經(jīng)衣服透射,用光纖探頭和相關(guān)儀器測出此處紫外線強度,并測出_______________________________________,用二者的比值來表示紫外線透過率,這是用兩個相同物理量的比值定義新物理量的方法。在初中物理中采用這種方法定義的物理量是__________________。⑵該實驗是通過紫外線透過率來反映________________________________。⑶同學們選擇了一個陽光明媚中午反復實驗,并認真記錄數(shù)據(jù)如下表所示:實驗序號 衣服材質(zhì) 衣服布料層數(shù) 紫外線透過率1 天蠶絲 1 12%2 2 5%3 化纖 1 28%4 2 14%5 全棉T恤(白色) 1 7%6 全棉T恤(黑色) 1 4%請你分析上表數(shù)據(jù),給大家提出一條夏季戶外活動時著裝的建議:_________________________________________________________________________________。37.(6分)在初三復習“電流做功與哪些因素有關(guān)”的實驗時,“第一泉中學”的教師克服困難,找來了相關(guān)器材組織同學們進行探究實驗。⑴為了提高課堂效率,教師把全班分成若干小組,分別探究影響電流做功的不同因素。圖14所示是小峰小組采用的實驗裝置,請你仔細觀察、分析該實驗裝置圖,他們采用的是____________(選填“并聯(lián)”或“串聯(lián)”)電路進行實驗,他們小組準備探究電流做功與__________________的關(guān)系。組別 通電時間t/min R1電流I1/A R2電流I2/A A瓶末溫tA末 /℃ B瓶末溫tB末 /℃ A瓶△tA /℃ B瓶△tB /℃小峰 3 0.5 1 29 38 11 20小強 6 0.5 1 38 53 20 35⑵為了防止結(jié)論的偶然性,他們與小強小組相約,取相同器材和等質(zhì)量的煤油進行實驗。煤油的初溫與當時的室溫相同,均為18℃,記錄實驗數(shù)據(jù)如下表所示:請你分析小峰小組的數(shù)據(jù)并對比分析兩個小組的數(shù)據(jù),歸納兩條結(jié)論:__________________________________________________________________________;__________________________________________________________________________。⑶下課之后,小峰整理課上各小組匯總的數(shù)據(jù),對照課本相關(guān)內(nèi)容,進一步定量分析實驗數(shù)據(jù)。發(fā)現(xiàn)在末溫較低時,實驗數(shù)據(jù)與電功公式的理論基本符合,而末溫較高時的實驗數(shù)據(jù)與理論相差較大,請你幫他分析原因:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________。絕密★啟用前歷下區(qū)2013年初三年級學業(yè)水平模擬考試物理試題參考答案及評分標準第Ⅰ卷 (選擇題 共34分)一、單項選擇題 本大題包括11小題,每小題2分,共22分。12.D 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.D 17.D 18.A 19.B 20.A 21.B 22.C評分意見:每小題選對的得2分,多選、錯選或不選的均不得分。二、多項選擇題 本大題包括4小題,每小題3分,共12分。23.AB 24.AD 25.ACD 26. BCD評分意見:每小題全部選對的得3分,部分選對而無錯選的得2分,錯選或不選的均不得分。第Ⅱ卷 (非選擇題 共56分)三、非選擇題 本大題包括11小題,共56分。27.(4分)減小;電磁28.(4分)減小;汽化(蒸發(fā))29.(4分)會聚;熱傳遞30.(4分)氣體在流速大的地方壓強較小;水的比熱容大評分意見:27、28、29、30題每空2分。30題,只要意思對就可給分。填空題有錯別字的不得分。31.(3分)如圖答。 32.(3分)如圖答。評分意見: 31題3分;32題3分。31題,畫對力的方向的按以下標準給分:力的大小、方向、作用點各得1分;32題,畫成串聯(lián)電路且電路符號完全正確得3分。(另畫電源的不得分;開關(guān)不畫圈的也正確。)33.(8分)解:⑴ t=10m/s=36km/h由υ = 得,載重汽車的行駛時間為t = ==2h施工方6:30能到達學校 …………………………………………… 2分⑵ V=Sh=5m2×2.6m=13 m3由ρ = 得,該泰山石的的質(zhì)量m = ρV =2.6×103kg/m3×13 m3=3.38×104kg ………………… 2分⑶ G =mg = 3.38×104kg×10N/kg=3.38×105N ………………… 1分因為水平,所以F = G =3.38×105N該石對水平地面的壓強p = = =6.76×104Pa ………………………… 2分⑷ 可根據(jù)實際情況在地面上制作底面積較大的基座 ……………… 1分評分意見:本小題8分。可參照上述標準給分。只寫出公式及其變形式而未與題中給出各量相聯(lián)系的不得分。因前面數(shù)字計算結(jié)果錯誤而導致后面結(jié)果錯誤的,不重復扣分。沒有說明物理量之間關(guān)系扣1分,代入數(shù)據(jù)中沒有單位或單位有錯誤扣1分。其他解法正確的同樣給分。第4問,只要意思正確就可給分。34.(8分)解:⑴ P=6600W=6.6 kW,t天 =30min=0.5h,t月 =0.5h×30=15h由P=得,該熱水器一個月消耗的電能為W=Pt = 6.6 kW×15h =99 kW·h…………………………………… 2分熱該水器一個月的電費 99 kW·h×0.6元/kW·h =59.4元………… 1分⑵ 由P=UI得,I===30A ……………………………………………… 2分查表知,至少應選擇導線橫截面積為4 mm2的銅芯導線 …………… 1分⑶ 原因是總功率過大; 建議更換允許長期負載電流更大的銅芯導線和額定電流適合的總開關(guān) ……………………………………………………………… 2分評分意見:本小題8分。可參照上述標準給分。第3問,只要意思正確就可給這2分。只寫出公式及其變形式而未與題中給出各量相聯(lián)系的不得分。因前面數(shù)字計算結(jié)果錯誤而導致后面結(jié)果錯誤的,不重復扣分。代入數(shù)據(jù)中沒有單位或單位有錯誤扣1分。其他解法正確的同樣給分。第3問其他合理答案同樣給分。35.(6分)⑴ 如圖答⑵ 同一導體中的電流跟它們兩端的電壓成正比(或“電阻一定時,通過它們的電流跟它們兩端的電壓成正比。”)。⑶ 電源最少使用3節(jié)干電池(或“電源電壓3.8V以上”);電壓表選擇0-15V量程。評分意見:本題共6分。⑴ 2分。每畫對一根導線得1分。⑵ 2分。⑶ 2分。每條1分。其他說法合理也可給分。36. (6分)⑴ 陽光直接照射光纖探頭的紫外線強度;機械效率⑵ 衣服的防曬效果⑶ 夏季外出時,盡量穿全棉布料的衣服評分意見:本題共6分。⑴ 2分。每空1分。⑵ 2分。⑶ 2分。第3問,只要意思正確就可給分。37.(6分)⑴ 并聯(lián);電流大小⑵ 1、在電壓和通電時間相同時,用電器中的電流越大,電流做功越多;2、在電壓和電流相同時,用電器通電時間越長,電流做功越多。⑶ 溫差越大,熱量損失越快評分意見:本題共6分。⑴ 2分。每空1分。⑵ 2分。每個結(jié)論1分。⑶ 2分。只答 “熱量損失”,可得1分。A B C D圖1ABCD圖2A.測電筆的握法B.帶金屬外殼的用電器使用合格的三孔插座C.多個大功率用電器同時使用一個插座D.使用絕緣皮破損的導線圖3圖4得 分 評卷人圖5得 分 評卷人得 分 評卷人圖6得 分 評卷人圖7圖A 圖B 圖C圖8圖9得 分 評卷人得 分 評卷人得 分 評卷人得 分 評卷人圖10得 分 評卷人AV圖11C DR0.6 3A153V3 151515PSA B圖12得 分 評卷人圖13得 分 評卷人圖14C DR0.6 3A153V3 151515PSA B歷下區(qū)2013年第一次模擬考試數(shù)學試題第Ⅰ卷(選擇題 共45分)一、選擇題(本大題共15個小題,每題3分,共45分。在每小題給出的四個選項中,只有一項是符合題目要求的)1.氣溫2℃比氣溫-18℃高( )A.16℃ B.20℃ C.-16℃ D.-20℃2.若x與y互為相反數(shù),則x+y的值為( )A.0 B.1 C.-1 D.3.在平面直角坐標系中,點M(-3,2)關(guān)于原點對稱的點在( )A.第一象限 B.第二象限 C.第三象限 D.第四象限4.如圖所示,該幾何體的主視圖應為( )5.下列各運算中,計算正確的是( )A. B. C. D.6.已知⊙的半徑是5cm,⊙的半徑是3 cm,=8 cm,則⊙和⊙的位置關(guān)系是( )A.外離 B.外切 C.內(nèi)切 D.相交7.不等式組的解集在數(shù)軸上表示為( )8.化簡的結(jié)果是( )A. B. C. D.9.以下問題,不適合用全面調(diào)查的是( )A.了解全班同學每周體育鍛煉的時間 B.鞋廠檢查生產(chǎn)的鞋底能承受的彎折次數(shù)C.學校招聘教師,對應聘人員面試 D.黃河中學調(diào)查全校753名學生的身高10.一組數(shù)據(jù)為:2,2,3,4,5,5,5,6,則下列說法正確的是( ) A.這組數(shù)據(jù)的眾數(shù)是2 B.這組數(shù)據(jù)的平均數(shù)是3 C.這組數(shù)據(jù)的極差是4 D.這組數(shù)據(jù)的中位數(shù)是511.對于一次函數(shù)y=-x+4,下列結(jié)論錯誤的是( )A. 函數(shù)值隨自變量的增大而減小B.點(4-a, a)在該函數(shù)的圖象上C.函數(shù)的圖象與直線y=x+2垂直D.函數(shù)的圖象與坐標軸圍城的三角形的周長是4+12.如圖,在⊙O中,弦∥,若,則 ( )A. B. C. D.13.已知:直線l1∥l2,一塊含30°角的直角三角板如圖所示放置,∠1=25°,則∠2等于( )A.30° B.35° C.40° D.45°14.如圖,在矩形ABCD中,,BC=1. 現(xiàn)將矩形ABCD 繞點C順時針旋轉(zhuǎn)90°得到矩形,則AD邊掃過的面積(陰影部分)為( )A . π B. π C.π D. π15.如圖,直線 交x軸、y軸于A、B兩點,P是反比例函數(shù)圖象上位于直線下方的一點,過點P作x軸的垂線,垂足為點M,交AB于點E,過點P作y軸的垂線,垂足為點N,交AB于點F,則AF·BE=( )A.2 B.4 C. 6 D.第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題 共75分)二、填空題(本大題共6個小題,每題3分,共18分,把答案填在題中的橫線上)16.據(jù)報道,截止2013年1月濟南市機動車擁有量約1400000輛.將數(shù)1400000用科學記數(shù)法表示為____ ___.17.分解因式:=____ ___.18.當x_________時,在實數(shù)范圍內(nèi)有意義.19.某公司前年繳稅400萬元,今年繳稅484萬元,該公司繳稅 的年平均增長率為 .20.小英家的圓形鏡子被打碎了,她拿了如圖(網(wǎng)格中的每個小 正方形邊長為1)的一塊碎片到玻璃店,配制成形狀、大小與原來一致的鏡面,則這個鏡面的半徑是____ .21.如圖,在平面直角坐標系中有一邊長為1的正方形OABC,邊 OA、OC分別在x軸、y軸上,如果以對角線OB為邊作第二個正方形OBB1C1,再以對角線OB1為邊作第三個正方形OB1B2C2,照此規(guī)律作下去,則正方形OB2012B2013C2013的對稱中心的坐標為____ ___.三、解答題:(本大題共7個小題,共57分.解答應寫出文字說明、證明過程或演算步驟)22.(本小題滿分7分)(1)計算:cos30° (2)解方程:23.(本小題滿分7分)(1)如圖,已知AC⊥BC,BD⊥AD,AC 與BD 交于O,AC=BD.求證:△OAB是等腰三角形.(2)某路口設立了交通路況顯示牌(如圖).已知立桿AB 高度是3m,從側(cè)面D點測得顯示牌頂端C點和底端B點的仰角分別是60°和45°.求路況顯示牌BC的高度.24. (本小題滿分8分)甲 乙進價(元/件) 15 35售價(元/件) 20 45某商店需要購進甲、乙兩種商品共160件,其進價和售價如下表:(注:獲利=售價-進價)若商店計劃銷售完這批商品后能獲利1100元,問甲、乙兩種商品應分別購進多少件 25.(本小題滿分8分)有一個不透明口袋,裝有分別標有數(shù)字1,2,3,4的4個小球(小球除數(shù)字不同外,其余都相同),另有3張背面完全一樣、正面分別寫有數(shù)字1,2,3的卡片.小敏從口袋中任意摸出一個小球,小穎從這3張背面朝上的卡片中任意摸出一張,然后計算小球和卡片上的兩個數(shù)的積.(1)請你用列表或畫樹狀圖的方法,求摸出的這兩個數(shù)的積為6的概率;(2)小敏和小穎做游戲,她們約定:若這兩個數(shù)的積為奇數(shù),小敏贏;否則,小穎贏.你認為該游戲公平嗎?為什么?26.(本小題滿分9分)在菱形ABCD中,∠ABC=60°,E是對角線AC上一點,F(xiàn)是線段BC延長線上一點,且CF=AE,連接BE、EF.(1)若E是線段AC的中點,如圖,求證:BE=EF;(2)若E是線段AC或AC延長線上的任意一點,其它條件不變,如圖2、圖3,線段BE與EF有怎樣的數(shù)量關(guān)系,直接寫出你的猜想;并選擇一種情況給予證明.27.(本小題滿分9分)如圖,設直線l2:y= -2x+8與x軸相交于點N,與直線l1相交于點E(1,a),雙曲線y=(x>0)經(jīng)過點E,且與直線l1相交于另一點F(9,) .(1)求雙曲線解析式及直線l1的解析式;(2) 點P在直線l1上,過點F向y軸作垂線,垂足為點B,交直線l2于點H,過點P向x軸作垂線,垂足為點D,與FB交于點C.①請直接寫出當線段PH與線段PN的差最大時點P的坐標;②當以P、B、C三點為頂點的三角形與△AMO相似時,求點P的坐標.28.(本小題滿分9分)已知:如圖,拋物線與y軸交于點C(0,4),與x軸交于點A、B,點A的坐標為(4,0).(1)求該拋物線的解析式;(2)點Q、E同時從B點出發(fā),點E以每秒1個單位的速度沿線段BC向點C運動,點Q以每秒2個單位的速度沿線段BA向點A運動,當其中一點到達終點時另一點也停止運動,連接CQ、EQ,求△CQE的最大面積;(3)若平行于x軸的動直線與該拋物線交于點P,與直線AC交于點F,點D的坐標為(2,0),問:是否存在這樣的直線,使得△ODF是等腰三角形?若存在,請求出點P的坐標;若不存在,請簡明說明理由.第4題圖ABCD102A.102B.102C.102D.第12題圖l11第13題圖l22第14題圖ABOxyNFEPM第15題圖第20題圖第21題圖ABCDO第23(1)題圖第23(2)題圖第26題圖ENPBFMODCEMBED Equation.3 EMBED Equation.3 EMBED Equation.3 EMBED Equation.3 EMBED Equation.3xEMBED Equation.3Ay第27題圖H第28題圖yx 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源列表 山東省濟南市歷下區(qū)2013屆初中學業(yè)水平階段性調(diào)研測試(一模)數(shù)學試題(無答案).doc 山東省濟南市歷下區(qū)2013屆初中學業(yè)水平階段性調(diào)研測試(一模)物理化學試題(無答案).doc 山東省濟南市歷下區(qū)2013屆初中學業(yè)水平階段性調(diào)研測試(一模)英語試題(無答案).doc 山東省濟南市歷下區(qū)2013屆初中學業(yè)水平階段性調(diào)研測試(一模)語文試題(無答案).doc 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫