資源簡介 相對原子質量: H-1 C-12 O-16 N-14 S-32 Na-23 Si-28 K-39 Al-27 一、選擇題(每小題只有一個選項符合題意)1.下列物質中,既含有氯分子,又含有氯離子的是A.氯化鈉溶液 B.新制氯水 C.漂白粉 D.液氯2.下列既是離子反應又是氧化還原反應的是 A.CuO +2HCl == CuCl2 + H2O B. CaCO3 CaO + CO2↑C.Zn + H2SO4 = ZnSO4 + H2↑ D.H2 + CuO Cu + H2O3.當亞硝酸(HNO2)作還原劑參加反應時,可能生成的產物是A.NH3 B.N2 C.N2O3 D.HNO34.下列有關物質分類或歸類正確的一組是 ①液氯、干冰、碘化銀均為化合物 ②氫氟酸、鹽酸、水玻璃均為混合物③明礬、小蘇打、次氯酸均為電解質 ④牛奶、豆漿、漂粉精均為膠體⑤Na2O、Na2CO3、Na2SiO3均為鈉鹽A.①② B.②③ C.③④ D.②③⑤5.下列敘述中不正確的是A.過濾時,漏斗下端要緊貼燒杯內壁 B.蒸餾時,應使溫度計水銀球靠近蒸餾燒瓶支管口?C.分液時,分液漏斗下層液體從下口放出,上層液體從上口倒出D.蒸發結晶時應將溶液蒸干,然后停止加熱6.下列物質存放方法錯誤的是 A. 鋁片長期放置在不密封的紙盒里 B. 氫氧化鈉溶液保存在橡膠塞的細口瓶中C. FeSO4溶液存放在加有少量鐵粉的試劑瓶中 D. 金屬鈉存放于四氯化碳中7.下面關于硅的敘述中,正確的是A.硅的化學性質不活潑,常溫下不與任何物質反應B.硅是構成礦物和巖石的主要元素,硅在地殼中的含量在所有的元素中居第一位C.硅的化學性質不活潑,在自然界中可以以游離態存在D.硅在電子工業中,是重要的半導體材料8.下列物質中既能跟稀H2SO4反應, 又能跟氫氧化鈉溶液反應的是 ①NaHCO3 ②Al2O3 ③Al(OH)3 ④Al ⑤NaHSO4 ⑥AlCl3 ⑦NaAlO2A.①⑤ B.②③④⑥⑦ C.①②③④ D.全部9.下列說法正確的是A.合金的硬度一般比它的各成分金屬的小,熔點一般比它的各成分金屬的高B.區別膠體與溶液的最簡單的方法是丁達爾效應C.濃硝酸盛放在無色試劑瓶中D.綠色食品是不含任何化學物質的食品10.配制一定物質的量濃度的NaOH溶液時,造成所配溶液濃度偏高的原因可能是A.容量瓶中原來含有少量蒸餾水B.燒杯中溶解NaOH后,未經冷卻,立即轉移至容量瓶C.溶解NaOH的燒杯沒有洗滌 D.向容量瓶中加水定容時仰視刻度線11.下列各組物質中,不是按下圖(“→”表示一步完成)關系相互轉化的是選項abcAFeFeCl3FeCl2BAlCl3Al(OH)3Al2O3CSiSiO2H2SiO3DHNO3NONO2 12.有BaCl2和NaCl的混合溶液a L,將它均分成兩份。一份滴加稀硫酸,使Ba2+完全沉淀;另一份滴加AgNO3溶液,使Cl-完全沉淀。反應中消耗x mol H2SO4、y mol AgNO3。據此得知原混合溶液中的c(Na+)為A.(y-2x)/a mol·L-1 B.(y-x)/a mol·L-1C.(2y-2x)/a mol·L-1 D.(2y-4x)/a mol·L-113.欲配制100 mL 1.0 mol/L Na2SO4溶液,正確的方法是① 將14.2 g Na2SO4 溶于100mL水中② 將32.2 g Na2SO4·10H2O溶于少量水中,再用水稀釋至100mL③ 將20 mL 5.0 mol/L Na2SO4溶液用水稀釋至100mLA.①② B.②③ C.①③ D.①②③14. 實驗是研究化學的基礎,下圖中所示的實驗方法、裝置或操作完全正確的是 A A B C D 15.下列化學反應的實驗現象結論描述正確的是A.鈉在空氣中燃燒發出黃色火焰,生成氧化鈉B.鈉加入到CuSO4溶液中,有紅色物質析出,即析出Cu單質C.SO2通入到Ba(NO3)2溶液中,出現白色沉淀,即生成BaSO3固體D.氫氣在氯氣中燃燒產生蒼白色火焰,生成了HCl氣體16.下列除雜(括號內為雜質)所選用的試劑及操作方法均正確的是選項待提純的物質選用的試劑操作方法ANaHCO3(Na2CO3)溶液Ca(OH)2溶液過濾BCO2(SO2)NaOH溶液洗氣CFe (Al)鹽酸過濾DFe2O3(Al2O3)NaOH溶液過濾17.在下列反應里,氧化劑和還原劑的物質的量之比與質量之比不同的是 A.Cl2 + H2O=HClO + HCl B.3S+ 6NaOH2Na2S + Na2SO3+3H2OC.SiO2 +3C SiC + 2CO↑ D.Si + O2 SiO2 18.V mL Al2(SO4)3溶液中,含有Al3+ a g, 取V/2 mL溶液稀釋到3V mL ,則稀釋后溶液中SO2- 4 的濃度是 A. mol/L B. mol/L C. mol/L D. mol/L19.下列關于實驗中顏色變化的敘述正確的是 A.將二氧化硫通入品紅溶液中,溶液顯紅色,加熱后變為無色B.向溶液中加入新制氯水,再滴加KSCN溶液,若溶液變紅色則證明溶液中一定含有Fe2+C.將干燥的紅紙條放進盛有純凈氯氣的集氣瓶中,紅紙條褪色D.加入氫氧化鈉溶液并加熱,產生的氣體能使濕潤紅色石蕊試紙變藍,一定有NH4+20.下列各組中的兩種物質作用時,反應物用量改變,不會引起產物改變的是 A.AlCl3和氨水 B.NaOH和CO2 C.Fe和稀硝酸 D.Na2CO3和NaHSO421.常溫下,在溶液中可以發生反應:X+2Y3+=2Y2++X2+ 則下列敘述判斷正確的是 ①X被氧化 ②X是氧化劑 ③X具有還原性 ④Y2+是氧化產物 ⑤Y2+具有還原性 ⑥Y3+的氧化性比X2+的氧化性強 ⑦Y3+發生氧化反應A.②④⑥ B.①③④ C.①③⑤⑥ D.②⑤⑦22. NA為阿伏加德羅常數的數值,下列說法中正確的是A.常溫常壓下,18g H2O含有的分子總數為3NA B.一定條件下,2.3g的Na完全與O2反應生成3.6g產物時失去的電子數為0.1NAC.標準狀況下,2.24L Cl2與過量稀NaOH溶液反應,轉移的電子總數為0.2NAD.標準狀況下,22.4 L的CCl4中含有的CCl4分子數為NA23.下列離子組合,能夠大量共存的是 A.酸性溶液中:Al3+、Fe3+、SO42-、SCN- B.透明溶液中:MnO4-、K+、Na+、NO3- C.加入鋁粉后產生氫氣的溶液中:Ba2+、K+、NO3-、Al3+ D.強酸性溶液中:Na+、Fe2+、SO42-、NO3-24.有200 mL氯化鎂和氯化鋁的混合溶液,其中c(Mg2+)為0.2 mol/L,c(Cl-)為1.3 mol/L。要使Mg2+全部轉化為沉淀分離出來,至少需加4 mol/L NaOH溶液的體積為A.40 mL B.72 mL C.80 mL D.128 mL25.將0.4g NaOH和1.06g Na2CO3混合并配成溶液,向溶液中滴加0.1mol/L稀鹽酸。下列圖象能正確表示加入鹽酸的體積和生成CO2的物質的量的關系的是 第Ⅱ卷 共50分26.( 11分)按要求回答問題:(1)寫出地殼中含量最多的金屬與燒堿溶液反應的離子方程式: (2)將銅片放入到濃硝酸中①若銅有剩余,則反應將要結束時的反應的離子方程式是 ②待反應停止后,再加入少量的25%的稀硫酸,加熱,這時銅片上又有氣泡產生,該氣體的化學式是 。(3)現有右圖所示裝置,為實現下列實驗目的,其中應以a端作為入口的是 (多選扣分) A.瓶內盛液體試劑,用以除去某氣體中的雜質B.瓶內盛水,用以測量某難溶于水的氣體體積C.收集密度比空氣大的氣體D.收集密度比空氣小的氣體(4)已知有如下氧化還原反應: Zn+2HNO3+NH4NO3=N2↑+Zn(NO3)2+3H2O,則:①該反應的還原劑為 (填化學式)②若產生的N2在標準狀況下體積為2.24L,則反應中轉移了 mol電子。27.(13分)室溫下,單質A、B、C分別為固體、黃綠色氣體、無色氣體,在合適反應條件下,它們可以按下面框圖進行反應,又知E溶液是實驗室常用的酸,D溶液可與固體A反應生成F溶液。請回答:(1)A是 ,F是 (均填化學式)(2)反應⑥的化學方程式為: ,現象為 。 (3)反應③、④、⑤的離子方程式分別是:③ ④ ⑤ (4)簡述檢驗D中金屬陽離子的方法是(操作、現象): 28.(14分)A、B、C、D均為中學所學的常見物質且均含有同一種元素,它們之間的轉化關系如圖所示(反應條件及其他物質已經略去): ABCD (1)若B使品紅溶液褪色,則C、D的化學式分別為C ,D 。寫出D的濃溶液與Cu反應的化學方程式: (2)若A的水溶液能使濕潤的紅色石蕊試紙變藍,D的稀溶液能使藍色的濕潤石蕊試紙變紅,則C為 (填寫化學式)寫出AB的化學方程式: 寫出CD的離子方程式: (3)若A為活潑金屬元素的單質,D為強堿,焰色反應顯黃色,則B是 (填寫化學式)C可作為呼吸面具的填充劑,C與二氧化碳發生反應的化學方程式為: 。A跟水發生反應的離子方程式為 。29.(12分)二氧化錳(MnO2)與濃鹽酸混合加熱可得到氯氣,下圖是制取并探究Cl2化學性質的裝置圖。 (1)盛放濃鹽酸的儀器的名稱是: 圓底燒瓶中發生反應的化學方程式為 。 (2)A 中m 管的作用是 。 (3)若要得到干燥純凈的氣體,則B中應盛放的試劑是 。 (4)E中若裝有SO2 的水溶液溶液,反應的離子方程式為 ;E中若裝有淀粉碘化鉀溶液,能觀察到的實驗現象是 。 (5)G中試劑的化學式是 ,該裝置的作用是: (6)實驗中發現:濃鹽酸與MnO2混合加熱生成氯氣,稀鹽酸與MnO2混合加熱不生成氯氣。針對上述現象,某中學高一化學興趣小組對“影響氯氣生成的原因”進行了討論,并設計了以下實驗方案:a.稀鹽酸滴入MnO2中,然后通入HCl氣體,加熱b.稀鹽酸滴入MnO2中,然后加入NaCl固體,加熱c.稀鹽酸滴入MnO2 中,然后加入濃硫酸,加熱d.MnO2與NaCl的濃溶液混合,加熱e.濃硫酸與NaCl固體、MnO2固體共熱實驗現象:a、c、e都有黃綠色氣體生成,b、d沒有黃綠色氣體生成。由此得出影響氯氣生成的原因是 。 27.(共 13分)(1)Fe, FeCl2,(各1分)(2)4Fe(OH)2+O2+2H2O==4Fe(OH)3 (2分)白色沉淀立即變灰綠色,最終變為紅褐色(1分)(3)Fe+2H+==Fe2++H2↑ 、 2Fe2++Cl2==2Fe3++2Cl- 、 Fe2++2OH-==Fe(OH)2↓ (各2分)(4)略 (2分)29.(共12 分)(1)分液漏斗(1分)MnO2+4HCl(濃) MnCl2+Cl2↑+2H2O(2分)(2)連通圓底燒瓶和分液漏斗,平衡壓強,使分液漏斗中的液體順利流下(1分)(3)飽和食鹽水(1分)、 (4)SO2+Cl2+ 2H2O===2Cl-+4H+ +SO42-(2分) 溶液變藍(1分)(5)NaOH(1分) 吸收尾氣(1分)(6)c(H+)的大小(2分)第Ⅰ卷(客觀題 共50分)一、選擇題(共50分,每題5分。)1.設全集,,,則( )A. B. C. D.2.已知向量,,⊥,則的值是( )A.-1 B. C.- D. 3.下列函數中,最小正周期為的奇函數是( ) A. B. C. D.4.在中,,則為( )A.銳角三角形 B.直角三角形 C.鈍角三角形 D.無法判定5.三個數,,的大小順序是( )A. B. C. D.6.下列四組函數中,表示同一函數的是( ).A., B.C. D. 7.已知向量,如果∥那么 ( ) A.且與同向 B.且與反向 C.且與同向 D.且與反向8.定義在上的偶函數在上是減函數,若,則的取值范圍是( )A. B. C. D. 9.已知函數,的圖象與直線的兩個相鄰交點的距離等于,則的單調遞增區間是 ( )A. B. C. D. 10.定義在R上的偶函數滿足,當x∈[3,4]時,則下列不等式不成立的是( )A. B. C. D.2013年塘沽一中、漢沽一中、大港一中期末聯合考試高一 數學試卷答題紙第Ⅱ卷(主觀題 共70分)二、填空題:(共30分,每題5分。)11. 已知,,=3,則與的夾角是 .12.已知,則= .13.已知函數,若是方程的解,且,則與的大小關系為: .14.已知向量則= . 15.在中, 是中點,,點在上且滿足,則= .16.給出下列五個結論:①函數有一條對稱軸是;②函數的圖象關于點(,0)對稱;③正弦函數在第一象限為增函數;④要得到的圖象,只需將的圖象左移個單位;⑤若,則,其中;其中正確的有 .(填寫正確結論前面的序號)三、解答題:(共4題,40分。)17.已知為第三象限角,.(1)化簡;(2)若,求的值. 18.已知,向量,,且(1)求的值;(2)若,,求的值.19. 如圖直角梯形位于平面直角坐標系中,其中,動點P從出發沿折線段CBA運動到A(包括端點),設點P的橫坐標為,函數.(1)求函數的解析式;(2)出函數的草圖,并求的單調遞增區間;(3)若函數有零點,求的取值范圍.20.已知函數(其中)的圖象如圖所示.(1)求的解析式;(2)將函數的圖象向右平移個單位后,再將得到的圖象上各點的橫坐標伸長到原來的倍,縱坐標不變,得到函數的圖象,求的對稱軸方程;(3)當時,方程有兩個不等的實根,,求實數的取值范圍,并求此時的值.三、解答題 (2)∵ ∴ ∴ ---------4分 又∵ 為第三象限角 ∴ --------5分 ∴ ---------6分 -----------7分18.(9分)已知,向量,,且(1)求的值;(2)若,,求的值.解:(1)因為,所以, --------1分所以平方得,, -------2分 ----------3分因為,所以 ------4分19.(10分) 如圖直角梯形位于平面直角坐標系中,其中,動點P從出發沿折線段CB、BA運動到A(包括端點),點P的橫坐標為,設函數.求函數的解析式;畫出函數的草圖(標出圖中的關鍵點),并寫出的單增區間;若函數有零點,求的范圍。解:(1)由已知(2)作草圖,要求定義域、對稱軸、頂點表達清楚 -------------7分(每個頂點1分) 的單增區間為 ----------8分(3)由函數圖象, ----------9分所以的取值范圍為 ---------10分解:(1)由圖知,. --------1分, -----2分由,即,故,所以又所以 ----3分故-------4分 (2)將的圖象向右平移個單位后,得到的圖象,再將所得圖象橫坐標伸長到原來的倍,縱坐標不變,得到的圖象,所以 -------6分 令,--------7分則(),所以的對稱軸方程為() -8分 (3)∵ ∴ --------9分 ∴ 當方程有兩個不等實根時,的圖象與直線有兩個不同的交點∴ --------11分∴ --------12分(法一)當時,,所以所以 (法二)令 ,則,() 所以的對稱軸方程為,() 又∵ ∴ , 所以 --14分 一、單項選擇題(本題共10小題,每題3分,共計30分。)1.物體做勻加速直線運動,已知加速度為2 m/s2,則 A.物體在某秒末的速度一定是該秒初的速度的2倍?B.物體在某秒末的速度一定比該秒初的速度大2 m/s?C.物體在某秒初的速度一定比前秒末的速度大2 m/s?D.物體在某秒末的速度一定比前秒初的速度大2 m/s2.下列說法中正確的是 A.力的單位N是國際單位制中的基本單位B.加速度的單位m/s2是國際單位制中的基本單位C.速度的單位m/s是國際單位制中的導出單位D.長度的單位km是國際單位制中的導出單位3.下列說法正確的是A.凡是大小相等、方向相反、分別作用在兩個物體上的兩個力必定是一對作用力和反作用力B.凡是大小相等、方向相反、作用在同一物體上的兩個力必定是一對作用力和反作用力C.凡是大小相等、方向相反、作用在同一直線上且分別作用在兩個物體上的兩個力必定是一對作用力和反作用力D.相互作用的一對力究竟稱哪一個力是反作用力是任意的4.質量為2kg的物體,受到2N、8N兩個共點力作用,則物體的加速度可能為A.0 B.4m/s2 C.8 m/s2 D.10 m/s25.如圖所示為甲、乙兩物體做直線運動的v-t圖象,下列表述正確的是A.乙做勻加速直線運動B.0~1 s內甲和乙的位移相等C.甲和乙的加速度方向相同D.甲的加速度比乙的小6.一質量為m的人站在電梯中,電梯加速上升,加速度大小為(g為重力加速度)。人對電梯底部的壓力大小為 A. B.2mg C.mg D.7.如圖所示,兩物體A和B質量分別為m1和m2,相互接觸放在光滑水平面上。對物體A施加一水平的推力F,則物體A對物體B的作用力大小等于 A. B.C.F D.8.如圖所示,物塊A放在傾斜的木板上,已知木板的傾角α分別為30°和45°時物塊所受摩擦力的大小恰好相同,則物塊和木板間的動摩擦因數為A. B. C. D. 9.如圖所示,質量分別為和的A、B兩小球分別連在彈簧兩端,B端用細線固定在傾角為30°的光滑斜面上,若不計彈簧質量,在細線被剪斷瞬間,A、B兩球的加速度大小分別為 A.都等于 B.0和C.和0 D.0和 10.如圖所示,一個箱子放在水平地面上,箱內有一固定的豎直桿,在桿上套著一個環。箱和桿的質量為M,環的質量為m。當環沿著桿加速下滑時,環與桿的摩擦力的大小為f,則此時箱對地面的壓力A.等于Mg B.等于(M+m)gC.等于Mg+f D.等于(M+m)g ? f二、多項選擇題(本題共4小題,每題4分,共計16分。選對但不全的得 2分,全部選對的得4分,有選錯的得0分。)11.下列說法正確的是A.伽利略認為物體的自然狀態是靜止的,力是維持物體運動的原因B.亞里士多德認為力不是維持物體速度的原因C.牛頓認為力的真正效應總是改變物體的速度,即產生加速度D.伽利略根據理想實驗推論出,如果沒有摩擦,在水平面上的物體,一旦具有某一個速度,將保持這個速度繼續運動下去12.一物體在幾個力的共同作用下處于靜止狀態。現使其中向東的一個力F的值逐漸減小到零,隨后使其逐漸恢復到原值(方向不變),則 A.物體始終向西運動 B.物體先向西運動后向東運動 C.物體的加速度先增大后減小D.物體的速度先增大后減小13.如圖所示,光滑斜面CA、DA、EA都以AB為底邊。三個斜面的傾角分別為75°、45°、30°。物體分別沿三個斜面由頂端從靜止滑到底端,下面說法中正確的是A.物體沿DA滑到底端時具有最大速率B.物體沿EA滑到底端所需時間最短C.物體沿CA下滑,加速度最大D.物體沿DA滑到底端所需時間最短14.如圖所示,質量分別為和的兩物體A和B相對靜止,以共同的速度沿斜面勻速下滑則 A.A、B間無摩擦力的作用B.B受到滑動摩擦力的大小為C.B受到靜摩擦力的大小為D.取走物體A后,物體B仍能作勻速直線運動Ⅱ卷 非選擇題(共計54分)三、實驗填空題( 每空2分,共計20分,把答案填在題后的答題卷上。)15.如圖所示,在繩子下端掛一物體,用力F拉物體使懸繩偏離豎直方向的夾角為,且保持平衡。若保持不變,當拉力F與水平方向的夾角= 時,F有最小值。 16.研究小車運動的實驗中得到一條紙帶(如圖),從0點開始,每隔4個計時點取一個計數點,依照打點的先后順序為1,2,3,4,5,6測得S1=1.40cm、S2=1.80cm、S3=2.20cm、S4=2.60cm、S5=3.00cm、S6=3.40cm。 (1) 計時器打到計數點3時,小車的瞬時速度大小為v3=_______m/s(2) 小車運動的加速度a=________m/s2。17.“探究求合力的方法”的實驗情況如圖甲所示,其中A為固定橡皮筋的圖釘,O為橡皮筋與細繩的結點,OB和OC為細繩。圖乙是在白紙上根據實驗結果畫出的圖。(1) 圖乙中的F與F′兩力中,方向一定沿AO方向的是________。(2)本實驗中以下說法正確的是 。A.兩根細繩必須等長 B.橡皮條應與兩繩夾角的平分線在同一直線上C.實驗中,把橡皮條的另一端拉到O點時,兩個彈簧秤之間夾角必須取90°D.在使用彈簧秤時要注意使彈簧秤與木板平面平行18.在“探究加速度與力、質量的關系”的實驗中(1)為了消除小車與水平木板之間摩擦力的影響,采取的做法是將帶滑輪的長木板一端適當墊高,使小車在 (填“掛”或“不掛”)鉤碼的情況下做 運動; (2)研究作用力一定時加速度與質量成反比的結論時,下列說法中正確的是 。A.打點計時器可以使用直流電源B.每次改變小車質量時,要重新平衡摩擦力C.實驗時,先接通打點計時器的電源,再放開小車 (3)在保持小車及車中的砝碼質量M一定,探究小車的加速度與所受合外力的關系時,同學得到的a-F圖象如圖所示,圖像不過原點的原因是 ,圖像斜率的物理意義是 四、計算題(本題共3小題,共34分.解答時請寫出必要的文字說明、方程式和重要的演算步驟.只寫出最后答案的不能得分.有數值計算的題,答案中必須明確寫出數值和單位)19. 一物體做勻加速直線運動,初速度v0=5m/s,加速度a=0.1m/s2,求:(1)物體在第3s末的速度是多少?(2)物體在3s內發生的位移是多少?(3)物體在第4s內的位移是多少?20.如圖所示,小車在水平面上以a=2m/s2的加速度向左作勻加速直線運動,車廂內用OA、OB兩細線系住小球。球的質量m=4kg,細線OA與豎直方向的夾角為(=37(,細線OB水平。(g取10m/s2, ,)求OA、OB兩線的張力各多大? 21.如圖所示,質量M=8kg的小車放在光滑水平面上,在小車左端加一水平推力F=8N,當小車向右運動的速度達到1.5m/s時,在小車前端輕輕地放上一個大小不計,質量為m=2kg的小物塊,物塊與小車間的動摩擦因數為0.2,小車足夠長。求:(1)小物塊剛放上小車時,小物塊及小車的加速度各為多大?(2)經多長時間兩者達到相同的速度?共同速度是多大?(3)從小物塊放上小車開始,經過t=1.5s小物塊通過的位移大小為多少?(取g=l0m/s2).2013年塘沽一中、漢沽一中、大港一中期末聯合考試高一物理試卷 答題紙三、實驗填空題( 每空2分,共計20分,把答案填在題后的答題卷上.) 15. ; 16. , ; 17. , ; 18. (1) , ;(2) (3) , 四、計算題(本題共3小題,共34分.解答時請寫出必要的文字說明、方程式和重要的演算步 驟.只寫出最后答案的不能得分.有數值計算的題,答案中必須明確寫出數值和單位)19.(10分)20.(10分) 21.(14分) 2013年塘沽一中、漢沽一中、大港一中期末聯合考試高一 物理試卷答案一、二:本題共14個小題, 1-10題每題3分。11-14每題4分,共46分 題號1234567891011121314答案BCDBADBCDCCD ACCDBCD三、實驗填空題( 每空2分,共計20分,把答案填在題后的答題卷上.) 15. θ 16. (1)0.24m/s 0.4m/s2 17. (1) F/ (2) D 18. (1) 不掛 、勻速直線(2)C(3)平衡摩擦力時長木板的傾角過大、四、計算題(本題共3小題,共34分.解答時請寫出必要的文字說明、方程式和重要的演算步 驟.只寫出最后答案的不能得分.有數值計算的題,答案中必須明確寫出數值和單位)20.(10分)水平方向: …………3分 豎直方向:…………3分 解得:…………2分 …………2分21.(14分)(1) 。物塊的加速度 ……… …2分 小車的加速度 …………2分 (2)設經過時間t1,兩者達到共同速度v ,有 …………2分 可得:t1=1s ………… 1分 v=2m/s …………1分 第一部分:英語知識運用一、聽力(共15小題,每小題 1分,共15分)聽下面5段對話,選出最佳選項。每段對話僅讀一遍。1. Where are the speakers at the moment?A. On the playground. B. In the street. C. At home.2. When did the movie actually start?A. At 8:00. B. At 8:30. C. At 9:00.3. What does the woman want to do?A. Go to the post office. B. Go straight home. C. Go back to their office.4. How is the woman feeling right now?A. Angry. B. Excited. C. Scared (害怕的).5. What does the man suggest?A. Selling the old MP3 player. B. Having the old MP3 player repaired. C. Buying a new MP3 player.第二節(共10個小題;每個題1分,滿分10分)聽下面幾段材料。每段材料后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳答案,并標在試卷的相應位置。每段材料讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話,回答第6至第8小題。6. Where did the man want a table at first?A. Near the window. B. Close to the stage. C. Near the reception desk.7. When will the dance performance begin?A. At 6:30 pm. B. At 7:00 pm. C. At 7:30 pm.8. How many people will come for dinner?A. 4. B. 6. C. 10.聽下面一段對話,回答第9至第11小題。9. Why does the woman want to talk to the man?A. He misunderstood John. B. He couldn’t find John. C. He didn’t keep his word.10. Why does the man say that was over?A. He gave John a call. B. He left a message for John. C. He bought John a small gift.11. What will the man do?A. Go to the woman’s house. B. Have lunch with John tomorrow. C. Buy two basketball game tickets.聽下面一段獨白,回答第12至第15小題。12. Where did Mr. Jackson like to sit when he was flying?A. Beside a window. B. In the middle. C. Next to the passage.13. What was Mr. Jackson happy to find when he got on the plane?A. A notice was put in a window seat. B. Many of the seats were not occupied.C. There was an empty seat he liked.14. Which of the following is TRUE according to the talk?A. Mr. Jackson was the last passenger to board the plane.B. Mr. Jackson was surprised to see a sign in the seat.C.The plane Mr. Jackson took was heavily loaded with luggage.15. What did Mr. Jackson find out in the end?A. The soldier took the sign off the seat. B. The soldier took up the seat for his girlfriend.C. The girl getting on the plane was his friend.二、單項選擇 (每題1分;滿分15分)16. --- What do you think of _________ party?--- It couldn’t be better. It is _________ great success.A. the; a B. a; the C. the; the D. a; a17. Because of having been out of work for months, Mr. Smith now hasn’t enough to ________ his living costs.A. fill B. cover C. spend D. offer18. Recently I took my daughter to Qingdao for a visit, where we _________ for five days.A. had stayed B. have stayed C. were staying D. stayed19. --- May I have your ?to leave a little earlier??? --- Of course, but you should come back tomorrow?by 8 o’clock.?? A. permission????? B. attention?????? C. impression???? D. suggestion20. He told me the date _________ he joined the League, _________ he would never forget.A. when;which B. when;when C. which;that D. which;which21. The sun heats the earth, _________ the air to rise and the winds to blow.A. caused B. causing C. causes D. to cause22. My mother always gets a bit _________ if we don’t arrive when we say we will.A. anxious B. astonished C. amazed D. embarrassed 23. It was said that the math test is rather difficult. _________, all the students got good marks.A. Luckily B. Similarly C. Surprisingly D. disappointedly24. The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than _________ in the newspaper.A. it B. those C. one D. that25. He was about to go to bed __________ the door bell rang.A. as B. when C. while D. and26. The driver stopped the bus to _________ some old passengers on the way to the airport.A. put up B. pick up C. make up D. get up27. Obey the rule strictly, _______ _ you'll be published. A. then B. or C. and D. but28. Your performance in the driving test did not reach the required standard, _________, you failed.A. in the end B. after all C. in other words D. at the same time29. Li Ming keeps going to the English Corner, mainly _________ his spoken English.A. improve B. improved C. to improve D. improving30. --- Shall I give you some advice on how to play magic tricks?--- __________. I hope to become a magician in the future like Liu Qian.A. That’s all right B. It’s up to you C. It’s your turn D. That couldn’t be better三、 完形填空 (每題1分; 滿分20分)I was walking down the road one day when my cell phone rang. A strange 31 on the other end spoke to me, “Dad, please come back soon. I miss you so much!” I judged that it was a 32_ number. A little while later, the call came once again, so I rudely 33 , “You’ve dialed the wrong number!” and then 34 . During the following days, I got the same 35 now and then. But I didn’t care much about it. Then one day she constantly called me 36 I didn't answer. Finally I answered the phone and heard a weak voice, “Dad, please come back. I miss you so much! Dad, I’m 37 so much pain! Mom said you were too busy to take 38 of me. But, dad, please 39 me again, OK?” The innocent(天真) 40 was difficult to refuse. I made a 41 kiss on the phone and heard the weak voice say, “Thank you...Dad, I am so…happy, so…happy…” Shortly after this, I became 42 about who had been on the other end of my phone. So I called back, and a woman answered, “Sorry, sir. I am really sorry to have 43 you. My daughter has suffered from bone cancer 44 she was born. And her father… died in an 45 a short while ago. I dare not tell her this sad 46 . Poor baby.When she couldn’t bear (忍受) the painful chemotherapy (化療), she would cry for her dad, who had always 47 her. I really couldn't bear it, so I gave her my phone number…”“How is your daughter now?” I couldn't 48 to ask.“She has 49 . You must have kissed her on the phone, because she went with a smile, tightly holding the cell phone…” 50 filled my eyes and I was so sad to hear that. 31. A. sound B. noise C. voice D. shout32. A. bad B. different C. unlucky D. wrong33. A. refused B. explained C. returned D. answered34. A. hung off B. turned off C. got off D. took off35. A. number B. call C. telephone D. result36. A. as if B. so that C. in order that D. even though37. A. of B. on C. in D. at38. A. care B. control C. attention D. interest39. A. support B. kiss C. treat D. encourage40. A. condition B. suggestion C. request D. advice41. A. soft B. sweet C. low D. loud42. A. surprised B. curious C. interested D. amazed43. A. bothered B. warned C. interrupted D. reached44. A. when B. since C. as D. after45. A. invitation B. event C. accident D. experiment46. A. experience B. reason C. story D. news47. A. encouraged B. supported C. satisfied D. praised 48. A. help B. wait C. expect D. want49. A. survived B. passed C. gone D. escaped50. A. Tears B. Cries C. Anger D. Disappointment四、閱讀理解 (每題2分;滿分40分)AI ran into quite a few language problems while vacationing with my family last summer. The most embarrassing was when my Mom apologized to the people we were staying with because her “pants were dirty”. They looked at her in amazement, not knowing how to react. You see, Mom had fallen over and gotten mud on her jeans. But in Britain, “pants” means underpants or knickers, not trousers as it does back home. Katie — From AmericaI went to stay with a friend on the west coast last summer. Her flat was on the first floor of a high-rise building so I got the lift up. Then I wandered round for ages looking for her flat but couldn’t find it. Fed up and tired, I finally had to go out to find a phone box. She explained that her flat was on the first floor, which for me meant the ground floor. David — From BritainWhen I asked for the “restroom” in a big department store, people kept directing me to a room with seats where I could sit and “rest”. It took me years to get through to someone that I only wanted the toilet! Tom — From AmericaLast summer we went on a two-week family touring holiday, so Dad hired a car over the Internet. This was an old vehicle and there turned out to be lots of things wrong with it. When he phoned the hire company and tried to explain that the lock on the boot was broken, they thought he was talking about footwear! He had no idea their word for “boot” was “trunk”. In the end we went to a garage and just solved the problem. Mary — From Britain51. Hearing Katie’s mother’s words, Katie’s friends were in amazement because ____________. A. Katie’s mother got mud on her jeans B. Katie’s mother’s underpants were dirty C. they mistook “pants” in American for underpants D. they didn’t know English52. David went out to find a phone box to ____________. A. phone the police for help B. phone his friend for help C. tell his friends he couldn’t go to visit her D. apologize for his being late53. When Tom asked for the “restroom”, the people around him thought _____________. A. he wanted to have a rest B. he wanted the toilet C. he wanted a chair D. He wanted to go to a department store54. The underlined word “garage” is probably _____________. A. a parking place B. a car C. a gas station D. a place to repair cars55. Which of the following words is from British English? A. Pants. B. Ground floor. C. Restroom. D. Trunk.BIn her outstanding book, “Choose the Happiness Habit”, Pam Golden wrote, “Take the story of two twin brothers for example. One grew up and became an alcoholic (酒鬼), while the other became a successful businessman. When the alcoholic was asked why he became an alcoholic, he replied, “Because my father was a drunk.” However, the successful businessman’s answer was also “Because my father was a drunk.” when asked why he succeeded. The same background. The same upbringing (培養). However, the results were quite different. Why? The reason is that they had different choices. The brothers chose different thoughts which formed the situations they found themselves in at last, so they had different experiences.There was a time in my life when I thought difficulty was due to “bad luck”. Have you ever heard the saying “When it rains, it pours”? That was my answer when others asked me how things were going on when I was in trouble. So what do you think I got? “RAIN”. More and more “RAIN”. I couldn’t understand why bad luck was always with me.Pam Golden says, “You’re either living in the problem or you’re living in the solution.” Now, when I’m faced with what I used to think was a negative (消極的) situation, I use a different way to think about it. I force myself to replace those negative thoughts that make me lose heart in my mind with positive thoughts which encourage me to fight against the difficulty bravely. Sometimes I write down some ideas that may be a solution, which I combine with the lessons I have learned from the bad situations and the difficulties that troubled me in the past, and often, I find a solution to the problem soon. It seems that I should thank the difficulty I met with. The RAIN that poured in my world has become great experiences that provide me with valuable experience, from which I can benefit.Now, it doesn’t “rain” as much in my life as it used to. In fact, most days are beautiful, cloudless and sunny! Sometimes I do get a rain, but I think it makes me stronger just like the rain helps plants grow up. 56. The example of the twin brothers shows that _______________.A. making good choices is the most important B. education decides a person’s futureC. upbringing makes a big difference D. it is luck that leads to success57. What does “RAIN” mentioned in the second paragraph refer to?A. Water. B. Good luck. C. Success. D. Difficulty.58. What is talked about in the third paragraph? A. How the author collects useful experience. B. How the author deals with difficulty now.C. How the author gets help from others. D. How the author lives in the problem.59. Now, the author’s attitude towards “RAIN” is _______________.A. negative B. unclear C. positive D. unknown60. Which of the following agrees with the author’s attitude in the text?A. All things are difficult before they are easy. B. Meeting with difficulty is not a bad thing.C. Misfortunes tell us what fortune is. D. Things at the worst will mend.CWhen I walk through the streets, I pass strange rooms where people are doing strange things. Some are biking madly. Others are holding metal bars to keep them from dropping down. Still others are jumping around while someone is shouting at them. It looks like something out of Dante’s Inferno (但丁《神曲》中的《地獄篇》). But what is the most amazing is that people pay for these sufferings!The strange rooms are gyms. It is reported that some 41 million Americans are gym members. 12% of the memberships are born in January, as they are determined to knock off the holiday fat. Maybe it is good to exercise in the gym. However, should they know they can keep in good shape, spending little money, would they still agree with its necessity? At the age of 23, I joined a gym. I lifted weights twice a week in Muscle’s Gym. I paid as little as $200 per year. You can’t find such gyms in every city any more. Too often, the gym is fancy (花哨的) with lots of equipment. If you ask how much it costs to join it, the person at the front desk often won’t tell you straight. Instead, he’ll let you meet with a fitness consultant (健身顧問), who will provide you with a great number of reasons and suggestions, such as losing weight and getting healthier, just in order to put pressure on you to spend much money joining the gym and becoming a member there. Working out with the help of equipment at home has problems, too. In the early 2000s, I bought a spinning bike (動感單車) at a cost of $700 for home use. I tried a few times only to find that it brought me a neck problem.Now I’m back to my old way. I do Yoga (瑜伽) every morning and evening. Total cost: $60 for an exercise mat (墊子). I’m enjoying fitness.61. The strange rooms are places where people _______________.A. do strange things B. suffer from great painsC. play Dante’s Inferno D. take physical exercise62. In the author’s opinion, joining a gym nowadays is _______________.A. exciting B. inexpensive C. unnecessary D. helpful63. The author wrote something about Muscle’s Gym to _______________.A. tell us he was fat when he was young B. suggest a new way of losing weightC. provide us with an example of gyms D. compare it with the gyms of today64. The author will possibly agree that _______________.A. working out in gyms will bring a lot of sufferingsB. to be a fitness consultant can bring in a lot of moneyC. taking up Yoga at home is a good way to keep healthyD. you should buy good equipment if you exercise at home65. From the text we can infer that ________________.A. many Americans put on weight after Christmas and New Year’s DayB. the author and his family had spent a lot of money exercising in gymsC. 12% of the American people are members of gymsD. spinning bikes are good equipment for exerciseDYou have the ability to decide if you are happy or not. Happiness is a choice.You can’t depend on someone else to make you happy. That is a lesson I learned early on in my marriage. I realized that I couldn’t rely on my husband as my source of happiness. I learned that my happiness depended on me and not my husband’s actions. I learned that you have to choose to be happy.You can choose your emotions (情緒). Happiness can’t be forced by outside forces. So how do you choose happiness? You can choose to smile or choose to wear a certain outfit. You choose it because that’s what you want to experience in your life.You want to buy a new pair of shoes so you choose a pair that you like and feel good. You wouldn’t buy a pair of shoes that you don’t like or that don’t fit well, right? So why do we keep choosing emotions and feelings that don’t make us feel good? Choosing to be happy after you realize your anger has shown up (or even choosing to be calm) can be beneficial. We choose our feelings and no one can do that for us. If we let others get to us, influence our emotions—we are giving them power over us. When others cause us anger or pain, we are giving them our power.We need to keep our feelings in check and not react automatically to what is thrown at us. We need to think our actions out instead of just reacting to what someone says or does. Remember that we can always choose happiness. At first it will be difficult to just change your thoughts and feelings from anger, self-doubt, or fear to joy and happiness. But it is only a thought away. Don’t think about what happens to you unnecessarily but realize what is causing you to feel that way. Realize that thoughts, feelings and emotions can change. Then move on and choose to be happy.66. What’s the best title of this passage?A. Ways to Be Happy B. Choose Your EmotionsC. Choose to Be Happy D. Find Your Happiness67. The lesson the writer learned in her marriage is ________________.A. one can’t depend on someone else to make himself or herself happyB. balancing the relationship between the husband and wife is an artC. she can depend on her husband to find happinessD. happiness can be influenced by outside forces68. Why did the writer mention buying shoes?A. To offer advice on how to choose comfortable shoes.B. To use it as an example to explain the importance of choosing to be happy.C. To consider it as a hard job.D. To help to move to the next paragraph easily.69. The writer suggests that we should _________________.A. let others control our feelings B. give answers immediately to others’ words C. control our feelings properly D. pay more attention to words than actions70. The main idea of the last paragraph is that __________________.A. people have different feelings at different timeB. anger is only a thought awayC. we should list the reasons for our different emotionsD. one can change one’s feelings and choose to be happy第二卷:非選擇題 (共二節;滿分30分)第一節:單詞拼寫(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分,詞形錯誤不得分)71. Once you are a_________________ to smoking, you’ll find it hard to get rid of it.72. The old man opened the door and b_________________ in some fresh air.73. The old man lost his b_________________ and fell to the ground.74. I watched him until he d_________________ from sight in the crowd.75. This software is quite good, but we find it also has some d _________________.76. It seldom rains here, only 50mm in a year on ________________ (平均).77. After passing the College Entrance Examination, most senior 3 students feel really _________________ ( 放松的).78. I would _________________ (感激) it if you could offer me some help.79. I feel lucky that I have never heard such a good English _________________ (講座).80. It is the _________________ (傳統的) culture in China to eat dumplings on the Eve of the Spring Festival.第二節:書面表達 ( 滿分20分 ) 調查顯示,近幾年我國中學生的健康狀況不容樂觀。請你就How to improve the health of high school students這一話題,寫一篇英語短文,要求涵蓋以下要點:1.健康狀況:近視、肥胖、體質弱等問題。2.原因:看電視多,課業負擔重,鍛煉少。3.應采取的措施:多鍛煉,健康飲食,學校減負等。注意:詞數100左右,文章的開頭已給出,不計入總詞數。 A research shows that middle school students’ health condition is declining obviously in recent years. 2013年塘沽一中、漢沽一中、大港一中期末聯合考試 高一英語試卷答案書面表達:(20%)Research shows that middle school students’ health condition is declining obviously in recent years. Most students are near – sighted and some are weak or over-weighted, so that they can’t reach the physical standard.What causes such problems? First, many students spend too much time in front of computers or TV sets. Second, students have to prepare themselves for examinations. As a result, they spend most of their time on their subjects. Third, many of them don’t form the habit of taking physical exercise regularly.It’s time that we should find ways to improve students’ health condition. One available way is to do physical exercise at least an hour every day. In addition, a healthy diet is also beneficial to it. At last, the schools should take measures to reduce the heavy school-work of the students.一、基礎知識(18分,每題3分)1.下列加點的字注音正確的一項是A.寂寥(liáo) 倩(qiàn)影 骨髓(suǐ) 長歌當(dàng)哭 B.裊娜(nuó) 嘈(cāo)雜 婆娑(suō) 百舸(gě)爭流C.弄(lòng)堂 瞥(piē)見 解剖(pāo) 宏亮激亢(kàng)D.窈窕(tiáo) 顫(zhàn)栗 氛(fèn)圍 圖窮匕見(xiàn)2.下列詞語書寫全部正確的一組是A.消受 躑躕 伶俜 蓊蓊郁郁B.蛾眉 喋血 斑斕 放浪形骸C. 涸轍 嗟悼 箕踞 桀傲不馴D. 簽署 桑葚 鷙鳥 中南捷徑 3.依次填入下列各句中橫線處的詞語,最恰當的一組是(1)學好本民族的語言尚且要花許多氣力,______學習另一種語言呢?(2)上海世博會是第一個正式提出“低碳世博”理念的世博會,中國在 過程中也在全力實踐這一理念。(3)包身工是一種“罐裝了的勞動力”,可以“安全地” ,自由地使用,絕沒有因為和空氣接觸而起變化的危險。A.況且 籌措 保藏 B.況且 籌辦 保存C.何況 籌措 保存 D.何況 籌辦 保藏4.下列各句中加點的成語使用恰當的一項是A.經濟學家認為,在當前經濟回暖的情況下,假如過早地退出龐大的經濟刺激計劃,可能會讓已經取得的成果情隨事遷,進而惡化就業形勢。B.在南非世界杯小組賽荷蘭隊對陣日本隊的比賽中,斯奈德以一個石破天驚的世界波,打破了日本的鐵桶陣。C.張局長在領導崗位上辛勤工作了二十多年,如今快五十歲了,雖已近不惑之年,但他仍然恪盡職守,干勁十足。D.白居易當地方官很注意接近民眾,不管是鄉間農夫還是下里巴人,他都能談得來,從他們那里得到很多創作素材。5.下列各句中沒有語病、句意明確的一項是A.出版業當然要講究裝幀藝術,講究宣傳造勢和市場營銷,但是能不能真正贏得讀者、贏得市場,最終還是取決于內容要具有吸引力和感染力。B.知識分子一般眼界比較開闊,富有正義感,民族的榮辱、國家的興衰,往往更能激起他們的一腔報國之情。C.作為一名共產黨員、黨的領導干部,辦事情想問題都要從黨和人民的根本利益為出發點。D.從某種意義上說,教師是一根拐杖,我們的目的是讓學生脫離教師,自己獨立走路,以達到葉圣陶先生所要求的——教是為了不教。6.下列說法有誤的是A.朱自清是現代著名詩人、散文家。其散文《背影》《荷塘月色》《故都的秋》《槳聲燈影里的秦淮河》都是膾炙人口的名篇。B.查爾斯·狄更斯,19世紀英國最偉大的小說家之一,23歲就以長篇小說《匹克威克外傳》贏得聲名。其代表作有《老古玩店》《大衛·科波菲爾》《雙城記》等。C.《左傳》是我國現存第一部敘事詳細的編年體史書,相傳是春秋末期的魯國史官左丘明所著,是記錄春秋時期社會狀況的重要典籍。D.騷體詩亦稱“楚辭體”,古代詩歌體裁之一。起源于戰國時楚國,因為這種形式的詩歌以屈原的《離騷》為代表,后人便稱具有楚辭特點的詩歌為騷體詩。二、閱讀下文,完成7-9題(9分,每題3分)中國中產階層的誕生和危機李 翔“這是世界上最好的階層,這種中間地位也最能使人幸福。他們既不必像下層大眾從事艱苦的體力勞動而生活依舊無著,也不會像那些上層人物因驕奢淫逸、野心勃勃和相互傾軋而弄得心力交瘁。”在魯濱孫?克羅索揚帆遠行之前,他的父親苦口婆心勸他留下來,安分守己成為一名中產階層。 這是丹尼爾?笛福1719年在《魯濱孫漂流記》中寫下的故事。似乎人人都喜歡中產階層,無論政府、商家還是中產階層本身。這個階層被視為社會穩定的重要因素。他們已經擁有的財產、名望和家庭讓他們對社會安寧有著超過其他階層的訴求,他們天性厭惡一切可能的不安定因素,是現狀的維護者和變革的反對者。另一方面,他們又是消費社會中購買力的源泉——也就是說,他們是當下政府拉動內需和刺激國內消費最應該動員的人群。 因此,當中國最知名的社會學者在2009年8月表示,現在中國中產階層人數已經占到總人口的22%至23%,并且仍然在以每年1%的速度增長時,人人都有理由感到安慰。在學者看來,中國的封閉型社會已經成長為開放型、多元化的現代社會。 或許我們確實目睹著一個新興的中產階層的誕生。年輕人用父母積攢下來的錢交了房子的首付,在大城市中買了房子,以同面積雨林的消逝為代價鋪上了實木地板;他們購買了汽車,發動機油箱內燃燒著進口來的石油,同時讓中石化集團成為世界最大的十家公司之一;他們將自己每月收入中的很大一部分交給銀行,以還房子車子的貸款,為此在公司內提心吊膽,怕被官僚制的機構、工作和世界拋棄。 這些新興的中產階層是社會的中堅階層。他們渴求穩定、趨于保守,是社會維系平穩發展的最大保證力量——新興的中產階層寧肯到麥當勞門口排隊買漢堡,也不愿意卷入任何大的社會動蕩。但是與此同時,在三年之前,來自日本的管理學家大前研一卻提出了一個讓熱愛中產階層的人不寒而栗的觀念:中產階層的消逝。他用最為簡單的問題來詢問那些偏好中產階層的人:“你自認是中產階層嗎?請自問三個問題:一、房貸造成你很大的生活壓力嗎?二、你是否不敢結婚或是不打算生兒育女?三、孩子未來的教育費用讓你憂心忡忡嗎?”如果有任何一答案為是,你就會被踢出中產階層的行列。 也就是說,也許我們還未迎來中產階層的完全誕生,就已經目睹這個階層自身陷入困境。大前研一將這種新的社會結構描述為“所得階層兩極化”以及隨之而來的“中產階層社會的崩潰”。 如果我們真正想要一個中產階層的社會,政府需要努力的正是去避免這種所謂的“中產階層的消逝”。比如在回答大前研一所列的問題之中,中國中產階層同樣要面對的是房屋貸款問題和子女教育費用問題。政府應該努力去擠壓存在于房地產和教育之中的費用泡沫。 同時,寬松的公司發展環境也是必要條件,因為大部分的中產階層由“白領”和小型的私營企業主構成。總之,讓更多人的收入增長速度同中國內地GDP的增長速度相吻合,而不要讓他們恐懼于自己資產的增長速度甚至落后于通貨膨脹帶來的貶值速度。 7.下列有關中產階層的表述,不符合文意的一項是 A.中產階層是處于中間地位的“世界上最好的階層”, 他們既不必像下層大眾那樣艱苦的體力勞動而生活依舊無著,也不會像上層人物那樣心力交瘁。 B.中產階層擁有的財產、名望和家庭讓他們對社會安寧有著超過其他階層的訴求,也讓他們厭惡一切可能的不安定因素。 C.中產階層是消費社會中購買力的源泉,是當下政府拉動內需和刺激國內消費最應該動員的人群。 D.現在中國中產階層人數已經占到總人口的22%至23%,并且仍然在以每年1%的速度增長,因此,中國的封閉型社會已經成長為開放型、多元化的現代社會。8.下列說法中不符合文意的一項是 A.魯濱孫的父親用對比的方式揭示出中產階級的優越性以勸止兒子出行。 B.中國的中產階層還未迎來完全誕生,就已經崩潰。 C.中國年輕人購房購車的行為是其進入中產階層的顯著標志 D.大前研一的三個問題實際揭示了當下中產階層所陷入的困境。 9.根據文意下列分析中不屬于“中國如何才能真正形成一個中產階層的社會”的一項是 A.政府當下應該努力擠壓房地產和教育費用泡沫,避免中產階層的消逝。 B.營造寬松的公司發展環境。 C.中產階層為了不讓自己的資產的增長速度落后于通貨膨脹帶來的貶值速度要努力工作。 D.總體上要讓更多人的收入增長速度同中國內地GDP的增長速度相吻合。三、閱讀下文,完成第10-13題。(12分,每題3分)漢元年十月,沛公兵遂先諸侯至霸上。秦王子嬰素車白馬,系頸以組,封皇帝璽符節,①降軹道旁。諸將或言誅秦王。沛公曰:“始懷王遣我,固以能寬容,且人已服降,又殺之,不祥。”乃以秦王屬吏,遂西入咸陽。欲止宮休舍。樊噲、張良諫,乃封秦重寶財物府庫,還軍霸上。召諸縣父老豪杰曰:“父老苦秦苛法久矣,誹謗者族,偶語者棄市。吾與諸侯約,先入關者王之,吾當王關中,與父老約法三章耳:殺人者死,傷人及盜抵罪,余悉除去秦法。諸吏人皆案堵②如故。凡吾所以來,為父老除害,非有所侵暴,無恐。且吾所以還軍霸上,待諸侯至而定約束耳。”乃使人與秦吏行縣鄉邑,告喻之。秦人大喜,爭持牛羊酒食獻饗軍士。沛公又讓不受,曰:“倉粟多,非乏,不欲費人。”人又益喜,唯恐沛公不為秦王。或說沛公曰:“秦富十倍天下,地形強。今聞章邯降項羽,項羽乃號為雍王,王關中。今則來,沛公恐不得有此。可急使兵守函谷關,無內諸侯軍,稍征關中兵以自益,距之。”沛公然其計,從之。十一月中,項羽果率諸侯兵西,欲入關,關門閉。聞沛公已定關中,大怒,使黥布等攻破函谷關。……項羽遂西,屠燒咸陽秦宮室,所過無不殘破。秦人大失望,然恐,不敢不服耳。項羽使人還報懷王。懷王曰:“如約。”項羽怨懷王不肯令與沛公俱西入關,而北救趙,后天下約。乃曰:“懷王者,吾家項梁所立耳,非有功伐,何以得主約?本定天下,諸將及籍也。”乃佯尊懷王為義帝,實不用其命。 (節自《史記·高祖本紀》)注:①組:即絲織物、綬帶之類。璽符節:璽即玉璽,皇帝的印。符節,古代派遣使者或調兵時用做憑證的東西。②案堵:意為按原來的次序,安安穩穩。10.對下列句子中加點的詞的解釋,不正確的一項是A.沛公又讓不受 讓:責備 B. 稍征關中兵以自益,距之 距:同“拒”,把守,抵御。 C.無內諸侯軍 內:同“納”,接納,放進 D.乃佯尊懷王為義帝 佯:假裝。11.下列各組句子中,加點詞的意義和用法都相同的一組是A.①唯恐沛公不為秦王②若屬皆且為所虜B.①且吾所以還軍霸上②所以遣將守關者,備他盜之出入與非常也C.①項羽怨懷王不肯令與沛公俱西入關②玉斗一雙,欲與亞父D.①系頸以組②必得約契以報太子也12.下列選項全屬于劉邦入關后做的事情的一項是①與諸侯約,先入關者王之②與父老約法三章③封秦重寶財物府庫④持牛羊酒食獻饗軍士⑤使兵守函谷關,無內諸侯軍 ⑥使黥布等攻破函谷關A. ②③④ B. ①②③ C. ②③⑤ D. ③⑤⑥13.下列對原文有關內容的分析和概括,正確的一項是( ) A.劉邦善于籠絡人心,比如派人與秦吏一起到縣鄉邑,宣傳他的政策,不接受百姓進獻的牛羊酒食但對百姓的話言聽計從。 B.項羽破函谷關后的所作所為令秦人大失所望:屠燒咸陽秦宮室,所過之處無不被摧毀殘破,批評他的要滅族 ,相聚談話的要處以死刑。 C. 本文運用對比的手法,寫劉邦入關與民“約法三章”,而項羽入關后則燒殺屠戮,暗示了后來劉邦的成功與項羽的失敗。D.在鮮明的對比中,可以看出劉邦是以“柔”(政策)得民眾,項羽則想以“剛”(武力)進行征服,但民心是不能征服的,百姓并不服從項羽。第Ⅱ卷 主觀題 (共81分)四、古詩文翻譯、鑒賞及默寫(17分)14.翻譯文中畫橫線的句子和教材中的文言句子。(7分)①沛公然其計,從之。(2分)②懷王者,吾家項梁所立耳,非有功伐,何以得主約?(3分)③因人之力以敝之,不仁。(2分)(《燭之武退秦師》15.閱讀下面這首宋詞,完成下列各題。(5分)少年游?早行林 仰霽霞散曉月猶明,疏木掛殘星。山徑人稀,翠蘿深處,啼鳥兩三聲。霜華重迫駝裘冷,心共馬蹄輕。十里青山,一溪流水,都做許多情。(1)從上闕看,“啼鳥兩三聲”一句屬于 的手法, 營造了一種 的氛圍,很好地表現了詞題中的“早行”。(2分) (2)詞的下闋表現了詞人怎樣的心境?請結合詞句簡要賞析。(3分)16.補寫出下列名句名篇的空缺部分。(5分,每題1分)(1)恰同學少年,風華正茂;書生意氣, 。 (毛澤東《沁園春·長沙》)(2)山不厭高, , ,天下歸心。 (曹操《短歌行》)(3) 此地有崇山峻嶺,茂林修竹,又有 , 。(王羲之《蘭亭集序》)(4)耳得之而為聲,目遇之而成色。 , 。(蘇軾《赤壁賦》)(5) ,壯士一去兮不復還。 (《荊軻刺秦王》) 五、讀下面的文字,完成17-20題。(12分)轉? 身李漢榮???(1)一轉身,那個動人的身影就不見了。在人海里,想再次與她相遇,哪怕匆匆一瞬,都是不可能的。???(2)在都市、在廣場、在車站、在機場、在大街、在超市、在鄉野、在人流聚散的地方,我經常有這種感受:轉身,就是永別。???(3)那一次我在北京火車站等車。在擁擠的人流里,我不小心踩了右邊一個年輕人。我正準備道歉或接受責備,卻看見轉過來一張文雅謙和的臉,他說:“對不起,我擋著你了。”我竟然被感動了,只顧欣賞這張善良的、有教養的臉,只顧欣賞這江南的表情,卻忘了對他說聲謝謝,把最誠摯的心情告訴他。當我忽然記起,正要張口表達,人潮猛然涌了過來,一轉身,我已找不到他,只看見攢動的人頭、閃動的各色衣服……???(4)還記得那年春天,我一人在秦嶺深處行走,山路兩旁開滿野花:燈芯花、野草莓花、苜蓿花、蒲公英花……路下面的小河,清澈如鏡,溫柔如綢,淙淙的水聲像母親輕喚誰的乳名。四周的群山,一律被松樹、柏樹、樺樹和茂密灌木覆蓋。聞著花香,聽著水聲,看著山色,我恍然已走進古代,入了那“拈花微笑”的仙境。正在此時,迎面走來一位小女孩,她頭上插了幾朵野花,手里拿著一束菖蒲,好看的臉上滿是羞澀,渾身洋溢著純真的自然氣息。但我不便過分地注意她,我怕她受到驚嚇。于是我停下來,給她讓路,然后靜靜地看她遠去,欣賞著她的背景,卻記不清她的眼睛和臉究竟是什么樣子,匆匆一瞥里只得到“好看”的朦朧感覺。也許,或者是一定,我這一生只有這一次和她相遇了,只有這一次,在她還是小女孩的時候。我突然感到十分失落和惆悵。怎么辦呢?我想多看她一眼,看仔細些。我想在記憶里逼真地收藏一個像野花一樣純真的秦嶺女孩。這也許是她一生里最生動的瞬間,我記起了泰戈爾的詩句,“你不知道你是多么美麗,你像花一樣盲目。”我情不自禁地轉過身來,沿著小女孩走去的方向走著,走到山路轉彎的地方,出現了一個三岔路口。我已經無法知道小女孩走進了哪一條路徑,她肯定知道我注意到了她,那么在岔路口,在她轉身的時候,她是否知道,不遠處,有一位陌生的叔叔,他眺望的眼睛?就那么一轉身,她消失在命運的路徑,也許就是我此生永遠都不能踏上的路徑……???(5)冬天,已經很冷了,西伯利亞寒流遠道而來,遭遇襲擊的當然是窮人、最可憐的乞丐。乞丐不多,但不多的乞丐也常常有力地觸動和喚醒我們冬眠的良心。在南大街路口,我看見一位衣服襤褸的中年乞丐。我急忙趕回家,拿上我去年穿過的那件防寒服找他。可是來到南大街,已看不到他了,于是我在東大街找他,又在北大街找他,都沒有找到。最后我來到了丁字路口,還是沒有找到他,卻遇到了一個老年乞丐。一轉身,苦難轉換了方向,交換了背影,但苦難的身份沒有改變,都是苦難。于是我把防寒服披在這位貧苦老人的身上,希望他下降的體溫能稍稍回升,希望降溫的人性能稍稍回升。我由此想到,亞洲的窮人、非洲的窮人、全世界的窮人,想到徘徊在文明大街上的那些孤苦身影,一轉身,他們到哪里去了?而文明,你能否追上去,輕輕拉起那空空的手,仔細看看他們的眼睛?他們到哪里去了,一轉身????(6)一轉身,車窗外的河流已經不知去向;一轉身,天上的那座虹橋已經悄然消失;一轉身,水里的魚已經沒入深淵;一轉身,父親已經走遠,新壘的墳上,墓草青青……???(7)旭日一轉身變成落日,青絲一轉身變成白發,愛情一轉身變成婚姻,羊群一轉身變成毛衣……等一等,等一等,能否再轉回來??17.文章具體記敘了幾則“轉身”的故事?請用簡潔的語言概括。(3分)18.第四段畫線句子對“秦嶺山路”環境描寫的作用是什么?(4分)19.賞析第5段“而文明,你能否追上去,輕輕拉起那空空的手,仔細看看他們的眼睛?”一句話。(2分)20.本文題目“轉身”的具體含義是什么?作者借不同情境中的“轉身”,表達了怎樣的人生感悟?(3分)六、語用題(2分)21.將下面一段話壓縮成一句話新聞。(不超過20個字)(2分)在前不久剛剛落幕的第八屆“挑戰杯”中國大學生創業計劃競賽中,南開大學大二學生郭鑫和6名隊友組成的“津碳號”項目組,憑借“探元綠色科技有限公司”一舉奪得金獎。“探元”引入國際上方興未艾的碳交易模式,利用林業碳匯為農民增收。在暑期,“津碳號”項目組在河北邯鄲邱縣開展的社會實踐中,利用林業碳匯為當地農民增加了近1000萬元的年預期收入。“探元”是“津碳號”項目的“航母版”。 ——摘自2012年12月14日《天津日報》七、作文(50分)22. 請以“翻越那道墻”為題寫一篇不少于800字的記敘文。2013年塘沽一中、漢沽一中、大港一中期末聯合考試高一 語文試卷答題紙第Ⅱ卷(主觀題 共81分)四、(17分)14.(7分)①沛公然其計,從之。(2分) ②懷王者,吾家項梁所立耳,非有功伐,何以得主約?(3分) ③因人之力以敝之,不仁。(2分) 15.(5分) (1)手法: ,氛圍: (2分) (2)(3分) 16.(5分,每題1分)(1)恰同學少年,風華正茂;書生意氣, 。 (2)山不厭高, , ,天下歸心。 (3)此地有崇山峻嶺,茂林修竹,又有 , 。(4)耳得之而為聲,目遇之而成色。 , 。 (5) ,壯士一去兮不復還。 五、(12分)17.(3分) 18.(4分) 19.(2分) 20.(3分) 六、(2分)21.(2分)七、(50分)22. 請以“翻越那道墻”為題寫一篇不少于800字的記敘文。7002013年塘沽一中、漢沽一中、大港一中期末聯合考試高一語文參考答案二、(9分,每題3分)7.D(強為因果) 8.B(原句“也許我們還未迎來……”,是推斷,不是肯定)9.C(文中無據)15.(1)以鬧襯靜(如答“以動襯靜”、“反襯”也可); 清幽靜謐(或答“清靜”等意思對即可)(每空1分)。(2)詞人的心境是輕松愉悅的,(1分)有直接表現:盡管霜重天冷,但詞人的心情輕松,便覺馬行輕快。(1分)間接表現:以景寫情,心情愉悅,便覺青山流水皆有情,賞心悅目。(1分)16.揮斥方遒;海不厭深,周公吐哺;清流激湍 ,映帶左右;取之無禁,用之不竭;風蕭蕭兮易水寒。(每題1分,錯一字該題不得分)五、(12分)17.車站中,善良的年輕人轉身離去;秦嶺深處,美麗的女孩消失在命運的路徑;南大街路口,貧寒凄苦的乞丐轉身而逝。(3分,每點1分,必須有地點,才得分)18.①具有詩情畫意的秦嶺風光,為美麗小姑娘的出場(1分)作鋪墊(1分)(或:為后文“一轉身,她消失在命運的路徑” 1分 做鋪墊。1分)②用環境的幽美烘托(1分)秦嶺女孩的純真、自然(1分)(或:烘托 1分 我的愉悅沉醉的心情 1分)(4分,每點2分)附:文言翻譯漢元年(前206)十月,沛公的軍隊在各路諸侯中最先到達霸上。秦王子嬰駕著白車白馬,用絲繩系著脖子,封好皇帝的御璽和符節,在軹(zhǐ,紙)道旁投降。將領們有的說應該殺掉秦王。沛公說:“當初懷王派我攻關中,就是認為我能寬厚容人;再說人家已經投降了,又殺掉人家,這么做不吉利。”于是把秦王交給主管官吏,就向西進入城陽。沛公想留在秦宮中休息,樊噲、張良勸阻,這才下令把秦宮中的貴重寶器財物和庫府都封好,然后退回來駐扎在霸上。沛公召來各縣的父老和有才德有名望的人,對他們說:“父老們苦于秦朝的苛虐法令已經很久了,批評朝政得失的要滅族 ,相聚談話的要處以死刑,我和諸侯們約定,誰首先進入關中就在這里做王,所以我應當當關中王。現在我和父老們約定,法律只有三條:殺人者處死刑,傷人者和搶劫者依法治罪。其余凡是秦朝的法律全部廢除。所有官吏和百姓都象往常一樣,安居樂業。總之,我到這里來,就是要為父老們除害,不會對你們有任何侵害,請不要害怕!再說,我所以把軍隊撤回霸上,是想等著各路諸侯到來,共同制定一個規約。”隨即派人和秦朝的官吏一起到各縣鎮鄉村去巡視。向民眾講明情況。秦地的百姓都非常喜悅,爭著送來牛羊酒食,慰勞士兵。沛公推讓不肯接受,說:“倉庫里的糧食不少,并不缺乏,不想讓大家破費。”人們更加高興,唯恐沛公不在關中做秦王。有人游說沛公說:“秦地的富足是其它地區的十倍,地理形勢又好。現在聽說章邯投降項羽,項羽給他的封號是雍王,在關中稱王。如今要是他來了,沛公您恐怕就不能擁有這個地方了。可以趕快派軍隊守住函谷關,不要讓諸侯軍進來。并且逐步征集關中的兵卒,加強自己的實力,以便抵抗他們。”沛公認為他的話有道理,就依從了他的計策。十一月中旬,項羽果然率領諸侯軍西進,想要進入函谷關。可是關門閉著。項羽聽說沛公已經平定了關中,非常惱火,就派黥布等攻克了函谷關。項羽于是向西行進,一路屠殺,焚燒了咸陽城內的秦王朝宮室,所經過的地方,沒有不遭毀滅的。秦地的人們對項羽非常失望,但又害怕,不敢不服從他。項羽派人回去向懷王報告并請示。懷王說:“按原來約定的辦。”項羽怨恨懷王當初不肯讓他和沛公一起西進入關,卻派他到北邊去救趙,結果沒能率先入關,落在了別人之后。他說:“懷王,是我家叔父項梁擁立的,他沒有什么功勞,憑什么能主持定約呢!平定天下的,本來就是各路將領和我項籍。”于是假意推尊懷王為義帝,實際上并不聽從他的命令。 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源列表 天津市塘沽一中、漢沽一中、大港一中2012-2013學年高一上學期期末聯考化學試題.doc 天津市塘沽一中、漢沽一中、大港一中2012-2013學年高一上學期期末聯考數學試題.doc 天津市塘沽一中、漢沽一中、大港一中2012-2013學年高一上學期期末聯考物理試題.doc 天津市塘沽一中、漢沽一中、大港一中2012-2013學年高一上學期期末聯考英語試題.doc 天津市塘沽一中、漢沽一中、大港一中2012-2013學年高一上學期期末聯考語文試題.doc 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫